
Glass 
Bool- 






DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 
triftTED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

GEORGE OTIS SMITH, Director 

WATER-SuppiiY Paper 279 

WATER RESOURCES 

OF THE 

PENOBSCOT RIVER BASIN 
MAINE 



BY 



H. K. BARROWS and C. C. BABB 



PREPARED IN COOPERATION WITH THE 
MAINE STATE SURVEY COMMISSION 




WASHINGTON 

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 
1912 



•kmograph 



mmm^^ 



iii 



DEPARTMENT OF THE INTEEIOR 

UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

GEORGE OTIS SMITH. Dieector 



Water- SuppiiY Paper 279 

WATER RESOURCES f if/ 

OF THE 



PENOBSCOT RIVER BASIN 
MAINE 



BY 



H. K. BARROWS and C. C. BABB 



PREPARED IN COOPERATION WITH THE 
MAISfE STATE SURVEY COMMISSION 




WASHINGTON 

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 
1912 






^ 



^ 



^ 






J 



Si 



CONTENTS, 



Page. 

Introduction 7 

General features of the basin 8 

Topography and drainage 8 

Geology, by E. S. Bastin 11 

Forests 13 

Population 13 

Industries 13 

Transportation lines : 14 

Precipitation 16 

Stream flow 27 

Field methods of measuring flow 27 

Office methods of computing and studying discharge and run-off 29 

Accuracy and reliability of field data and comparative results 30 

Use of the data 31 

Explanation of tables 31 

Definition of terms 32 

Location of stations 33 

West Branch of Penobscot River at Millinocket 33 

Penobscot River at West Enfield 42 

Penobscot River at Sunkhaze Rips 55 

East Branch of Penobscot River at Grindstone 56 

Mattawamkeag River at Mattawamkeag 68 

Piscataquis River near Foxcroft 80 

Cold Stream at Enfield 91 

Kenduskeag Stream near Bangor 96 

Phillips Lake and outlets in Holden and Dedham 99 

Miscellaneous measurements in Penobscot River drainage basin 110 

Relation of run-off to precipitation 110 

Evaporation 113 

Summary of observations 124 

Floods on Penobscot River 129 

Floods at Bangor 129 

Flood of September 26 to 29, 1909 132 

Low-water conditions 136 

Water power 140 

Developed water powers 140 

Main stream 140 

Piscataquis River 143 

Sebec River 145 

Pleasant River 145 

Summary 145 

Undeveloped water powers 145 

Fall available 145 

Penobscot River 146 

Bangor to Oldtown 146 

Oldtown to Shad Pond 147 

3 



4 CONTENTS. 

Water power — Continued. 

Undeveloped water powers — Continued. Page. 

West Branch of Penobscot River above Ambejejus Lake 148 

• East Branch of Penobscot River 152 

Medway to Grand Lake 152 

Webster Brook and East Branch of Penobscot River. 156 

Mattawamkeag River 158 

Piscataquis River 161 

Sebec River 163 

Pleasant River 164 

Passadumkeag River 165 

Water storage 166 

Natural facilities. 166 

Storage on West Branch of Penobscot River 166 

General conditions 166 

Twin Lake system " 167 

Ripogenus Lake . 169 

Chesuncook Lake 170 

Caucomgomuc Lake " 171 

Umbazooksus Lake 1 72 

Storage on East Branch of Penobscot River 172 

General conditions 172 

Grand and Second Grand lakes 173 

Webster Lake ] 74 

Telos Lake and Round Pond 175 

, Chamberlain Lake - 176 

AUagash Lake 177 

Storage on Mattawamkeag River 178 

Baskahegan Lake 178 

Mattawamkeag Lake 179 

Pleasant Lake 180 

Storage on Piscataquis River 181 

Schoodic Lake 181 

Seboeis Lake and Northwest Pond 183 

Endless Lake 184 

Lower Ebeemee Lake 185 

Sebec Lake 186 

Silver Lake 187 

Houston Pond 187 

Additional storage basins ] 88 

Cold Stream Pond 188 

Nicatous Lake 188 

Pushaw Lake 188 

Phillips Lake 189 

Summary of storage 189 

Lake areas 190 

Effect of present storage on flow ' 191 

Base data 191 

Water available on West Branch of Penobscot River 194 

Mass curve for West Branch at Millinocket 194 

Application of results of mass-curve computation 199 

Water available on other tributaries of Penobscot River 200 

Water available from storage 202 



CONTENTS. 5 

Effect of present storage on flow. — Continued. Page. 

Summary of effect of storage on flow 207 

Lessening amount of water used for log driving 209 

Effect of storage on navigation 210 

Conclusions 210 

Log driving and lumbering 211 

Need of conserving forests 211 

Method of driving 211 

Time of dri ving 212 

Water used in driving 213 

Quantities of logs driven and cost of driving 213 

Improvements in log-driving facilities 219 

Gazetteer of rivers, lakes, and ponds 221 

Index 281 



ILLUSTRATIONS. 

Page. 
Peate I. Map of State of Maine 8 

II. Millinocket mill of Great Northern Paper Co 14 

III. Twenty-one million feet of logs at Millinocket mill of Great Northern 

Paper Co 16 

IV. Discharge area and mean velocity curves of Mattawamkeag Kiver 

at Mattawamkeag 28 

V. A, Quakish Lake dam, Great Northern Paper Co.; B, Grinder room 

in mill of Great Northern Paper Co. at Millinocket 34 

VI. A, Penobscot River at West Enfield gaging station; B, Penobscot 
River at West Enfield, looking upstream from highway bridge, 

Feb. 8, 1906 42 

VII. A, Evaporation station at Soldier Pond; view of raft, floating pan, 

etc. ; B, Nicatous Falls on Passadumkeag Stream 114 

VIII. Penobscot River; plan and profile from Bangor to North Twin Lake . 146 
IX. North Twin dam at outlet of North Twin Lake, West Branch of 

Penobscot River; A, Upstream view; B, Downstream view 168 

X. Diagram showing storage mass of West Branch of Penobscot River 

at Millinocket 196 

XI. Diagrams showing storage mass of various tributaries of Penobscot 

River 200 

XII. Penobscot River at Bangor: A, Logs at tidewater ready for ship- 
ment; B, Lumber at tidewater ready for shipment 212 

XIII. Plan and profile of Penobscot River from Bangor to North Twin Lake 

(five sheets, A-E) At end of volume. 

XIV. Plan and profile of West Branch of Penobscot River from Chesuncook 

Lake to Ambejejus Lake (three sheets, A-C) At end of volume. 

XV. Plan and profile of West Branch of Penobscot River from Chesun- 
cook Lake to Seeboomook (two sheets. A, B) At end of volume. 

XVI. Plan and profile East Branch of Penobscot River from First Grand 

Lake to Medway (three sheets, A-C) At end of volume. 

XVII. Plans of Chamberlain, Telos, and Webster lakes, Round Pond, 
Baskahegan, First and Second Grand, and Allagash lakes (two 

sheets. A, B) At end of volume. 

XVIII. Plan and profile of Mattawamkeag River from Penobscot River to 

North Bancroft (three sheets, A-C) At end of volume. 

XIX. Plan of Schoodic, Seboeis, Endless, and Mattawamkeag lakes and 

Pleasant Pond (one sheet) At end of volume. 

Figure 1. Diagram showing precipitation at Orono, 1869-1910 18 

2. Mean annual precipitation and mass curve of precipitation at Orono . 19 

3. Monthly and average evaporation, in inches, at Maine stations 128 

4. Run-off of Penobscot River and tributaries during storm of Septem- 

ber, 1909 135 

5. Minimum discharge of West Branch of Penobscot River at Milli- 

nocket for given storage in billion cubic feet 198 

6 



WATER EESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT RIVER BASIN, 

MAINE. 



By H. K. Barrows and C. C. Babb. 



INTRODUCTION. 

This report on the Penobscot Kiver drainage system, the largest 
and one of the most important in Maine, has been compiled chiefly 
from the records, reports, and maps of the United States Geological 
Survey and from the results of surveys made in cooperation with the 
Maine State Survey Commission. The report includes all data on 
precipitation, stream flow, water storage, and water power that were 
available at the end of the calendar year 1909 and is accompanied by 
plans and profiles of the principal rivers, Iptkes, and ponds in the 
basin (Pis. XIII-XIX, at end of volume). Stream-flow data for 
1910 and 1911 will be published in Water-Supply Papers 281 and 
301, respectively. The surveys for these plans and profiles were made 
in the years indicated below: 

Penobscot River: Bangor to North Twin Lake, 1904. 

Penobscot River, West Branch: Chesuncook Lake to Seeboomook, 1905; Che- 

suncook Lake to Ambejejus Lake, 1906. 
Mattawamkeag River: Mouth to North Bancroft, 1907. 
Various lakes and ponds in the East Branch, Mattawamkeag and Piscataquis 

basins, 1907. 
East Branch Penobscot: Grand Lake to Medway, 1908. 

Topographic maps and geologic folios ^ of a portion of the Penob- 
scot basin have been published by the United States Geological 
Survey. The unit of survey adopted is a rectangular area bounded 
by meridians and parallels and known as a quadrangle, and in Maine 
is 15 minutes in extent each way and one-sixteenth of a square 
degree in area. The quadrangles have no relation to political 
boundaries, such as those of States, counties, and townships. Each 
quadrangle is designated by the name of some well-known place or 

1 These topographic maps may be obtained for 5 cents each by addressing the Director, United States 
Geological Survey, Washington, D. C. The geologic folios cost 25 cents each. An index map showing 
areas in Maine covered by maps and folios will be sent on application. 

7 



8 

feature within its limits. The quadrangles surveyed in the vicinity 
of Penobscot River are listed below. 



Bangor. 

Orono. 

Bucksport. 

Orland. 

Castine. 

Bluehill. 

Vinalhaven. 

Deer Isle. 



Published also in one sheet 
called Penobscot Bay. 



Rockland. 
Tenants Harbor. 
Matinicus. 
Swan Island. 
Mount Desert. 



Geologic folios have also been published for Rockland and for 
Penobscot Bay (Bluehill, Castine, Vinalhaven, Deer Isle). 

Special acknowledgment is due H. S. Ferguson, engineer of the 
Great Northern Paper Co., for much valuable information regarding 
the West Branch of the Penobscot ; also to the West Branch Driving 
& Reservoir Dam Co. and the East Branch Driving Co. 

GENERAL FEATURES OF THE BASIN. 

TOPOGRAPHY AND DRAINAGE. 

The Penobscot River basin lies wholly in Maine and comprises 
about 8,500 square miles, or more than 25 per cent of the area of the 
State. It extends from the basin of the St. John on the north to the 
Atlantic Ocean on the south, and from the Kennebec basin on the 
west to the St. Croix, Machias, and Union River basins on the east. 
It is about 160 miles long and its extreme width is about 115 miles. 
(See PL I.) 

The Penobscot is formed by two principal branches, the West 
Branch and the East Branch. The West Branch, here considered 
the main stream, rises in the mountainous region near the Canadian 
boundary and flows in a general southeasterly direction for more 
than 100 miles to its junction with the East Branch at Med way. 
The East Branch formerly rose in small lakes and ponds lying about 
midway between the western and eastern boundaries of the State, 
but about 1840 the drainage area tributary to Chamberlain and 
Telos lakes, whose natural flow is into the St. John basin, was 
added to that of the East Branch. (See p. 172.) The headwaters 
of the East Branch flow eastward until they reach Grand Lakes, 
where the stream turns and flows southward to its junction with the 
West Branch. From the mouth of the East Branch to tidewater 
at Bangor is about 75 miles; from Bangor to the mouth of the river 
the distance is 27 miles. The river is therefore about 200 miles 
long. 

Two other important branches of the Penobscot are Mattawamkeag 
and Piscataquis rivers. The Mattawamkeag drains an area of 1,500 



GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 




MAP OF MAIXE. SHOWING PENOBSCOT DRAINACJK BASIN 



ixrATWT? T?T?finTTTfm?,s m? PTrisjORSnOT TJASTN. MAINE. 



/ 



TOPOGRAPHY AND DEAINAGE. 9 

square miles in the extreme eastern portion of the basin, including 
many swamps and much low land, and joins the main river from the 
east about 12 miles below Medway. Piscataquis River, whose head- 
waters adjoin those of the Kennebec, also drains an area of 1,500 
square miles, lying to the southeast of Moosehead Lake, which is in 
general much higher than that of the Mattawamkeag basin. The 
Piscataquis joins the Penobscot just above West Enfield. 

The general elevation of the area drained by the Penobscot is 
somewhat less than that of the Kennebec basin, for the latter is 
nearer the summit mountain range which forms the western boundary 
of the State. As a whole its topography is rather uniform. Hills 
and low mountains extend backward from the coast and north of 
Bangor merge into an undulating plain, which to the west is more 
broken and diversified by hills, detached peaks, lakes, ponds, and 
swamps. At the south and west it merges into the Kennebec basin and 
at the north into that of the Allagash; on the northwest it terminates 
in a highland region interspersed with swamps and lagoons, w^hich 
furnish water to both the Penobscot and the St. John. A large part 
of the basin is what is known as ^'wild land," heavily timbered and 
known only to lumbermen and sportsmen. 

Mount Katahdin, the highest mountain in the State, lies in a 
detached range between the West and East branches. The highest 
of its three peaks is 5,273 feet above sea level. From its top may be 
seen the waters of both branches of the river, including many lakes 
and ponds, and toward the west Moosehead Lake at the head of the 
Kennebec. 

The Penobscot drainage system is remarkable for its large number 
of lakes and ponds, which assist markedly in equalizing the flow of 
the river, though no single lake or series of lakes in the system can 
compare with the Umbagog-Rangeley lakes of the Androscoggin 
basin or with Moosehead Lake in the Kennebec basin as a reservoir 
to tide over dry-weather flow, for the lakes and ponds tributary to 
the Penobspot are so widely scattered that they can not be com- 
manded by a few artificial structures. There are, however, so many 
opportunities for economical storage in this basin as a whole that it 
is destined, with proper development, to afford some of the best 
water power in the State. 

The table following, compiled from pubHcations of the United 
States Geological Survey and from the best maps obtainable, shows 
the drainage area at different points on the Penobscot River and its 
tributaries. 



10 



WATER RESOURCES OP PENOBSCOT BASIK, MAINE. 



Drainage areas of Penobscot River and principal tributaries. 



stream. 


Point of measurement. 


Drainage 

area (square 

miles). 


Penobscot, South Branch 


Above mouth of North Branch 


186 


Penobscot, North Branch 


Above mouth South Branch . . 


272 


Penobscot, West Branch 


Seeboomook dam, just below Nulhedus Stream 


530 


Do 




825 


Do 


Outlet of Chesuncook Lake . . 


1,330 
1,410 


Do 


Outlet of Ripogenus Lake 


'Do 


Abol Falls 


1 550 


Do 


Head of Ambejejus Lake 


1,600 
1,880 
2,100 


Do 


MilUnocket, dam at foot of Quakish Lake 


Do 


Above junction with East Branch 






o 3, 230 


Do 


Above mouth of Mattawamkeag River 


o 3, 360 
o 4, 860 
5,100 


Do 


Below and including Mattawamkeag River 


Do 


Above mouth of Piscataquis River 

Below and including Piscataquis River at West Enfield 
gaging station 


Do 




6,600 
7,210 
7,270 
7,400 
o 7, 720 
8,570 
174 


Do 


Below and including Sunkhaze Stream 


Do 




Do . . 


Below and including Pushaw Stream 


Do 


Bangor Water Works dam . . 


Do 


Mouth, at head of Penobscot Bay, opposite Sandy Point. . . 


Caucomgomuc Stream 

Do 


E n tra.n rein to Ch esi i n nook T /nke 


230 


"CJmbazooksus Stream 


do 


50 


Chesuncook Lake 


Exclusive of previous two rivers 


225 


AUagash Stream 


Outlet AUagash Lake 


102 


Do. 


Entra.nne into Chamherlain T^alce 


124 


Chamberlain Lake 


Telos dam 


270 


Penobscot, East Branch 


Webster Lake Outlet 


o288 


Do 


Grand Lake dam 


o496 


Do 


Grindstone gaging station 


a 1, 100 


Do 


Mouth .:... 


a 1, 130 


Mattawamkeag,West Branch. 


Outlet Mattawamkeag Lake 


305 


Above junction with East Branch of Mattawamkeag River. 


352 


Mattawamkeag, East Branch . 
Do 


79 


Abovejunctionwith West Branch of Mattawamkeag River. 


158 


Mattawamkeag 


610 


Do 


Below and including Baskahegan Stream. . 


874 


Do 


Below and including Molunkus Stream 


1,370 


Do. 


Gaging station, practically at mouth . 


1,500 


Baskahegan Stream 


Outlet of Baskahegan Lake 


151 


Do. 


Mouth 


264 


Molunkus Stream 


do 


195 


Piscataquis 


Lows Bridge, gaging station 


286 


Do 


Dover ^ ' -^ ^ ^ 


369 


Do 




463 


Do 


Below and including Sebec River 


856 


Do 


Below and including Pleasant River 


1,200 


Do 




1,240 


Do 


Below and including Schoodic Stream 


1,300 
1,350 


Do. . 




Do 


Mouth 


1,500 


Sebee 


Outlet Sebec Lake 


367 


Do 


Mouth 


393 


Lower Ebeemee Lake 


Outlet 


87 


Pleasant 


Outlet Silver Lake 


104 


Do 


Mouth 


334 


Houston Pond . 


Outlet 


21 


Schoodic Lake 


... .do 


32 


Schoodic Stream 


Mouth 


58 


Seboeis Lake 


Outlet 


49 




do 


66 


Seboeis Stream 


Mouth 


150 


Passadumkeag Stream 

Do 




171 


Mouth 


383 


Pushaw Stream 


Outlet Pushaw Lake 


125 


Do 


Mouth... 


263 


Kenduskeag Stream 


Above mouth of Black Stream 


136 


Do 


Near Bangor at gaging station 


b 191 


Do 


Mouth 


6 214 


Souadabscook Stream 




100 


Do 


Mouth 


C203 


Black Stream 


Total drainage 


35 









o Includes Chamberlain Lake drainage, 270 sq. 

b Includes all drainage area of Black Stream. 

c Not including any drainage area of Black Stream. 



GEOLOGY. 11 

According to Wells ^ there are 1,604 streams in the Penobscot 
basin. The most important of these streams and ponds are listed 
in the following table and are described in the gazetteer, pages 221-279. 

GEOLOGY. 

By Edson S. Bastin. 

The rocks and soils of the Penobscot basin have an important 
influence on the course and fall of the river and its tributaries and on 
the composition of the waters; and certain events in the geologic 
history of the basin have determined the present positions of the 
streams and their associated lakes and swamps. 

By far the larger part of the rocks are shales, slates, and schists. 
Granite is found in the Mount Katahdin region and near the mouth 
of the river in the vicinity of Mount Waldo. Limestones, sandstones, 
and volcanic rocks are also present, but are comparatively of little 
importance. 

Where the rocks are relatively soft shales, slates, and schists, as in 
the stretch for many miles above Bangor, the valley is broad; where 
the stream traverses an area of granite and of schists intruded by 
granite, as between Hampden and Bucksport, it flows in a deep valley 
with steep walls. The prevalence of rocks of the clayey type and the 
scarcity of limestone undoubtedly have an important influence on the 
composition of the river water. 

In all humid climates the streams are the principal agents in shaping 
the land surface, gradually washing away the soil and carrying it to 
the sea. By this process the land may be flnally reduced to a plain 
surface sloping gently toward the sea, but upward movements of the 
earth's crust may interrupt or disturb the process and stimulate the 
streams to renewed activity. A stream once well established tends to 
maintain its original position, and some portions of its course may be 
of great antiquity. Parts of the channel of the Penobscot are doubt- 
less very old. It is certain that at a time immediately preceding the 
glacial period the river was well established; that in parts of its course, 
particularly those in soft rocks, it had excavated a broad valley 
through which it meandered, and that in other parts, where the rocks 
were harder, its valley was gorgelike. Its drainage basin at this 
period was undoubtedly smaller than at present, streams that are 
now its tributaries then flowing into neighboring drainage basins. 
Among these streams were probably the West Branch of the Penob- 
scot, west of Chesuncook Lake, which before the glacial period pre- 
sumably drained either northeastward to the St. John or southward 
to the Kennebec. The submerged portion of the river valley below 
Bangor and the deep submarine channels that extend for some dis- 

1 Wells, Walter, Water powers of Maine. 



12 WATER RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

tance seaward in prolongation of the river valley proper must have 
been formed mainly when the land stood higher than now, for the 
gentle current in this portion of the river and the scouring effect of 
the tide are entirely inadequate to produce the conditions observed. 

A second epoch in the history of the river basin was begun by the 
great continental glaciers which moved southward from the highlands 
of Labrador, covering the whole region with a thick mantle of ice to a 
line far beyond the present coast. This mass of ice carried below 
and within it great quantities of rock and soil, which it deposited 
chiefly on the lowlands. The ice mass also in many places lowered 
and reshaped the land surfaces, particularly the hills. At the same 
time, perhaps because of the weight of the ice, the land sank several 
hundred feet below its present level. As the ice melted the muddy 
waters flowing from it laid down deposits of coarse gravel in the depres- 
sions of the land surface and carried fine sand and clay into the great 
arms of the sea which indented the land. The results of these changes 
in the drainage basin are plainly apparent in its present surface 
features. The lakes and swamps so abundant throughout Maine are 
the result of the obstruction of stream valleys by the deposits laid 
down at this time. 

The glacial deposits also changed the courses of the river and its 
tributaries, diverting water from other river basins to that of the 
Penobscot and shifting the course of the stream. Many of these 
changes can still be traced. For example, what appears to be an old 
channel of Penobscot Eiver is now occupied by one of its small tribu- 
taries, Sunkhaze Stream, which enters the main river a short dis- 
tance north of Oldtown. The valley extending from North Bangor 
to Hammond Pond, now occupied by a chain of swamps and lakes, 
also represents probably the old valley of the Penobscot or of one of its 
important tributaries, as does also the depression occupied by Pushaw 
Lake and its neighboring swamps. The shifting of the streams from 
the old to the new courses has an important economic interest, for in 
excavating their new courses the streams in many places encountered 
ledges and ridges of rock and developed falls and rapids which now 
afford .great water powers. 

The development of the river is still in progress. Every day it is 
transporting material from land to sea and making changes in its 
course which, if long continued, must produce results as great as those 
heretofore recorded. 



INDUSTRIES. 



13 



FORESTS.i 

The area of the State of Maine is 29,895 square roiles. Of this area 
21,000 square miles, or 13,440,000 acres, is forest land. Of this timber 
land more than 2,500,000 acres (about 3,900 square miles) lies in the 
Penobscot River basin. 

The timber now standing in this section consists mainly of spruce, 
although it includes also much cedar. In the Piscataquis Valley and 
in the lower West Branch region white birch is common. It is esti- 
mated that the so-called soft woods now standing in the whole Penob- 
scot drainage basin include 5,166,000,000 feet of spruce, 438,000,000 
feet of cedar, and 153,000,000 feet of pine. The use of hardwoods 
is increasing in the many novelty mills throughout the State, but the 
hardwood most used is white birch. 

Forest growth in this basin is rapid, and if economically cut and 
properly guarded from forest fires the supply of available timber 
should last many years. 

POPULATION. 



The following table, based on the census of 1910, gives the popula- 
tion of the principal cities and towns in the Penobscot basin: 



Population of principal cities and towns in Penobscot basin. 



Bangor 24,803 

Bradford 930 

Brewer 5, 667 

Brownville 1, 808 

Bucksport 2, 216 

Carmel 1, 050 

Corinth 1, 034 

Danf orth 1, 295 

Dover 2, 091 

East Millinocket 923 

Enfield 970 

Foxcrof t 1, 867 

Frankfort 1, 157 

Greenville 1, 474 

Guilford 1, 680 

Hampden 2, 380 



210 



Hermon 

Island Falls 1, 686 

Kingman 741 

Lincoln 1, 167 

Millinocket 3, 368 

Milo 2,556 

Monroe 872 

Monson 1, 243 

Oldtown 6, 317 

Orland 1, 224 

Orono 3, 555 

Orrington 1, 219 

Patten 1, 406 

Sangerville 1, 319 

Sherman 1, 053 

Winterport 1, 582 



INDUSTRIES. 

The great forests of the basin and the water power afforded by the 
river and its tributaries have an important influence on the industries 
of the region. Long and short lumber, including shingles, boards, 
laths, etc., and pulp, paper, and woolen goods are extensively manu- 
factured. 



1 Fourth Report Forest Commissioner of Maine, 1902. 



14 WATER RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Bangor, Brewer, Dover, Foxcroft, Guilford, Orono, Oldtown, Milli- 
nocket. East Millinocket, and Lincoln are the most important manu- 
facturing centers. 

The manufacture of pulp and paper has during the last 10 years 
come to be one of the leading industries of the area. Conditions are 
ideal for this industry, which has probably not yet reached its maxi- 
mum development. The mills have a daily capacity of over 800 tons 
of pulp and about 550 tons of paper. The daily capacity of the 
plants of the Great Northern Paper Co. at Millinocket and East 
Millinocket is 480 tons of pulp and 430 tons of paper. (See Pis. II, 
III, and V.) 

Of the 725 million feet of logs cut in Maine during the winter of 
1907-8 about 230 million feet were cut in the Penobscot basin. How 
much of this was for the use of pulp and paper mills is not definitely 
known, but it must have been a considerable part of the total. Of 
115 million feet cut in the basin of the West Branch of the Penobscot, 
about 90 million feet were used by the Great Northern Paper Co., 
which used also 10 million feet more obtained by rail. 

The greater part of the territory north of Piscataquis and Matta- 
wamkeag rivers consists of wild lands, mostly covered with forests. 
A number of towns on the border of these wild lands having rail con- 
nections carry on a thriving business as depots of supply for the lum- 
bering interests. Many of the small towns and settlements scattered 
through the area support some local industry, but more are populated 
chiefly by those who raise crops in the summer and who work in the 
woods cutting and hauling logs in the winter. 

The northeastern section lies in the potato belt of Aroostook 
County, which has become famous over all the country for the quality 
and amount of its products. In some parts of the valley there are 
excellent farms, which raise profitable crops and excellent stock. 
Sweet corn is grown for canneries; poultry, eggs, butter, and milk are 
provided for the market ; and sheep are raised for wool. 

Ice cutting is also among the important industries. 

TRANSPORTATION LINES. 

Bangor, the principal city of the Penobscot basin, is located 40 
miles from the coast, on tidewater, at the head of navigation. The 
port is open to navigation from about April 1 to December 15. 

The Maine Central Railroad, the direct route to Boston via the 
Boston & Maine Railroad, passes through Bangor and continues along 
Penobscot River as far as Mattawamkeag, then along the Mattawam- 
keag as far as Bancroft, where it leaves the Penobscot basin, con- 
tinuing to Vanceboro. A branch of this road continues down the 
river from Bangor for 20 miles to Bucksport, on Penobscot Bay. 



TBANSPORTATION LINES. 15 

Another branch from Bangor passes into the Union River drainage 
basin to Ellsworth and Bar Harbor. Dover and Foxcroft, on the 
Piscataquis branch, are reached by a branch of the Maine Central 
starting from Newport Junction, a town about 25 miles west of 
Bangor. 

The Bangor & Aroostook Railroad connects with the Maine Central 
at Bangor, Oldtown, and Foxcroft, and extends from Searsport to 
Fort Kent and Van Buren, two towns in the St. John drainage basin, 
in the extreme northern part of the State. The line running to Van 
Buren parallels that connecting with Fort Kent at a di^iance of 15 to 
25 miles farther east and extends very close to the eastern boundary 
of the State for the most of the distance north from Grand Lake on 
St. Croix River. This line is practically all outside the Penobscot 
basin. 

Another branch of the Bangor & Aroostook Railroad extends from 
Milo Junction, on Piscataquis River, about 18 miles above its con- 
fluence with the Penobscot at Howland, and along the Piscataquis 
to Greenville Junction on Moosehead Lake. Still another branch of 
this railroad has been partly surveyed from one of the southerly points 
on the main line along West Branch of Penobscot waters to the foot 
of Chesuncook Lake, and thence to Chamberlain Lake, on the East 
Branch, and along Allagash River to St. John River. If built this 
line will open up a large territory, rich in timber and water power, 
heretofore inaccessible except by team or waterways. 

The main line of the Canadian Pacific Railway from the west 
crosses the Penobscot basin in an easterly direction from Greenville 
to Mattawamkeag and Vanceboro, connecting with the Bangor & 
Aroostook Railroad at Greenville, Brownville Junction, and Lake 
View, and with the Maine Central Railroad at Mattawamkeag. 

The basin as a whole is fairly well equipped with facilities for trans- 
portation by rail, and this, with its two ports, Bangor and Searsport, 
should attract further industries to this part of the State. The 
northwestern part of the basin will, however, remain practically inac- 
cessible until some of the projected railroad lines are built. 



16 



WATER RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 



PRECIPITATION. 

[Contributed by the U. S. Weather Bureau.] 



Precipitation stations have been maintained by the United States 
Weather Bureau at the following places in the Penobscot River 
drainage basin and its immediate vicinity : 

Weather Bureau stations in Penobscot River basin. 



Station. 



County. 



Approx- 
imate ele- 
vation 
above sea 
level, in 
feet. 



Period. 



Bar Harbor 

Belfast 

Carmel 

Chesuncook Dam 

Chesuncook (post office) . 

Danforth 

Debsconeag 

Fairfield 

Greenville 

Houlton 



Kineo 

Mayfield 

Millinocket 

Orono 

Patten , 

South Lagrange. 
The Forks 



Hancock 

Waldo 

Penobscot.. 
Piscataquis. 

do 

Washington. 
Piscataquis . 

Somerset 

Piscataquis. 

Aroostook.. 

Piscataquis. 

Somerset 

Penobscot.. 

do 

Aroostook . . , 
Penobscot . . 
Somerset 



50 
165 
175 
930 



675 

90 

1,000 

362 

1,100 
1,000 
386 
129 
550 
181 
590 



1885-1910 
1891-1904 
1900-1902 
1905-1909 
1904-1906 
1902-1910- 
1905-1909 
1886-1908 
1904-1910 
r 1892-1896 
[1902-1910 
1895-1903 
1885-1907 
1899-1910 
1869-1910 
1902-1910 
1903-1905 
1901-1910 



The earlier measurements of precipitation in the upper portion of 
the Penobscot basin are fragmentary, and few reliable data are 
available for determining the average fall in that part of the area. 
Over the central and southern parts of the basin, however, fairly 
continuous records have been maintained long enough to determine 
averages that may be considered sufficiently accurate for all practical 
purposes. 

The amount of precipitation at any given point varies greatly 
from year to year, and the records for even considerable periods may 
show marked variations from those for other periods, so that records 
for short periods can not without proper corrections be safely ac- 
cepted as indicating even approximately the average which would be 
determined from observations covering a long period. But however 
much the precipitation in a district may vary during certain 
periods from the average of a long period, there is a more or less 
constant ratio between the fall at different points in the region, some 
places receiving on the average more or less than other places, owing 
to the influence of local topography, the exposure of the gage, and 
other conditions. If this fact is borne in mind it is possible so to 
correct short-period records of stations that they will approximate 
what they would have shown had observations been made contin- 
uously throughout the entire period of observations in the district. 



PEECIPITATION. 17 

This method of correction, known as the ^'Fournie method," is 
used for reducing meteorological observations to what is generally 
called the fundamental period. The fundamental period covered 
in this discussion is the 42-year period 1869 to 1910, inclusive, during 
which nearly continuous records of precipitation have been kept at 
the State college at Orono, and an effort has been made to reduce all 
the short-record observations to what they would have shown had 
observations been continuous at each station throughout the entire 
period. 

The record at each station in the tables following was therefore 
compared with the record for the same months and years at the 
Orono station, and such corrections applied as the ratio between 
the rainfall at the two stations indicated as necessary. 

In order, however, that investigators of the quantity of rainfall 
in that region may make their own deductions, the actual monthly 
averages for each station are given, together with the assuried cor- 
rection for each month, and the final corrected value for the funda- 
mental period. 

The precipitation for the region under discussion is fairly uniform 
for the several seasons of the year, and appears to diminish to some 
extent from the coast toward the interior. 

Considerable differences are shown in the average monthly and 
annual amounts at near-by stations, some of which are doubtless due 
to the natural influences of elevation and location, while others are 
probably due to the use of too short periods for determining the 
necessary corrections. 

During the winter months heavy snows often accumulate to a 
depth of several feet, especially in the wooded districts. With the 
advent of warm weather, often accompanied by copious rains, a 
large amount of water is frequently liberated in short periods of 
time, and floods are liable to occur. 

The rains in the basin are as a rule not excessive, and except in 
the spring, when the large accumulation of snow is melting, there 
are few floods in the streams. 

Despite the fact that this portion of Maine is directly in the course 
of nearly all the storms passing across the United States, the annual 
amounts of precipitation are subject to wide fluctuations, as shown 
by the records maintained at the Orono station. 

It is worthy of note also that these variations are largely similar 
for groups of years; thus from 1869 to 1879 the yearly amounts were 
almost continuously near or above the average; from 1880 to 1883 
the amounts were continuously below the normal. Likewise from 
1884 to 1891 the yearly amounts were again continuously above the 
normal, and from 1892 to 1897 they were equally below the normal, 
15042°— wsp 279— 12 2 



18 



WATEB KESOUECES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 



the difference between the means of the last two periods amounting 
to more than 14 inches with an extreme range of 30 inches. 

Dividing the period of 42 years into two groups we find that from 
1869 to 1891, inclusive, 23 years, the precipitation was, as a rule, 
considerably above the average for the entire period, the total excess 
amounting to about 67 inches. During the period 1892 to 1910, 
inclusive, 19 years, the precipitation with few exceptions has been 





50 
43 


















































































































































































































































































































































47 
4-6 
45 






















































































































f, 


5fi 


1 


nc 


hi 


?5 
















































^ 


2 


2 


ir 


a 


ie 


s 




























































































































+1 


6} 


nc 


hi 


?5 


















43 
42 
4-1 
40 
39 
38 
37 
36 




















































































































































































































































































-K 


?/ 


75. 












































3S\'rkheh 




















































4, 


\ 


nc 


h 


?s 








































































































































































































































































































































































_ 























Figure 1.— Diagram showing precipitation at Orono, Me., 1869-1910. 

continuously below the average for the whole period, the total de- 
ficiency amounting to about 65 inches. 

The accompanying chart, figure 1, showing the periods of excess 
and deficiency, illustrates graphically the periodic variations that 
may be expected in, the rainfall of this region. Figure 2 shows the 
mean annual precipitation and mass curve of precipitation at Orono. 



PEECIPITATION, 



19 



INCHES 




1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 

Figure 2.— Mean annual precipitation and mass curve of precipitation at Orono. 



20 WATER RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Precipitation at stations in Maine, 1885-1910. 

BAR HARBOR, 1885-1910. 



Year. 



Jan. 



Feb. 



Mar. 



Apr. 



May. 



June, 



July. 



Aug. 



Sept. 



Oct. 



Nov. 



Dec. 



Annual 



1885. 
1886. 

1887. 



1890. 
1891. 
1892. 
1893. 
1894. 

1895- 
1896. 
1897. 



1900- 
1901- 
1902. 
1903- 
1904. 

1905. 
1906- 
1907- 
1908. 
1909. 

1910. 



Average & 

Correction c , 

Corrected average rf. 



8.29 
8.22 
4.81 
4.83 

3.64 
7.21 
%6.65 
3.34 
3.46 

6.25 

1.47 

4. 

6.45 

5.52 

11.15 
4. 

4.05 
5. 
5.37 

5.20 
4.46 
3.00 
5.39 
7.10 



5.43 
-.31 
5.12 



5. 

7. 

4.77 

3. 

3.64 

4, 

2.41 

3. 

1.47 

1 

5.50 

2. 

9.15 

4.05 

6.20 
1.63 
3.83 
5.20 
4.05 

3.20 

2.70 

3.45 

5 

6.07 



4.32 
+.04 
4.36 



3. 

5. 

4.02 

4.42 

6.31 
5.18 
3.36 
1.72 
1.46 

3.60 
6.32 
3.54 
2.95 
7.15 

8.57 
10.30 
14.37 
10.05 

5.37 

1.05 
8.10 
2.00 
3.40 
5.85 

3.10 

5.22 
-.05 
5.17 



1.07 
4.81 
3.00 
2.81 

1.82 
2.87 
1.34 
3.64 
1.59 

3.50 
1.19 
2.75 
4.85 
1, 

3.15 
5.81 
3.07 
3.65 
5.02 

0.95 

4.33 

5. 

3.25 

5.11 

5.17 

3.25 
+.12 
3.37 



3.90 
1.11 
3.67 
1.79 

10.81 
1.57 
2.25 
4.25 
4. 

1.59 

2 

6 

2.45 

2.25 

6.07 
2.74 
2.52 
1.65 
4.62 

3.20 

4.78 
2.90 
3.75 
4.28 

1.75 

3.50 
+.01 
3.51 



L75 
2.58 
1.53 
2.04 

3.15 
3.73 
4.43 
2.17 
1.50 

1.63 
2.39 
4.00 
3.27 
1.36 

3.52 

3.23 

7, 

3.23 

1.40 

4.54 
2.25 
4.48 
1.65 
1.15 

4.15 

2.91 
-.01 
2,90 



1.51 

3.48 
3.24 
2.07 

0.99 
4.36 
1.01 
3.57 
1.99 

1.79 
6.05 
5.62 
1.70 
6.55 

1.65 
1.63 
1.75 
3.25 
1.72 

3.35 

2.28 
3.05 
3.50 
2. 

1.00 

2.79 
+.14 
2, 



1.44 
6.61 
4.29 
1 17 

5.93 

2.45 

5. 

4.14 

1.65 

2.64 
2.90 
8.22 
2.92 
0.75 

1.90 
3.00 
3.24 
0.75 
5.24 

2.56 
0.75 
2.37 
2.23 
1.53 

2.65 

3 

+.10 
3.16 



2.58 
0.60 
6.36 
1 

4.25 
2.15 
1.79 
3.18 
4.17 

2.29 
6.04 
2.33 
3.55 



3.15 
3.28 
2.50 
1.68 
9.81 

7.79 
1.40 
5.90 
2.25 
8.35 

1.12 

3. 

-.16 
3.52 



2.58 
3.53 

7.84 
5.86 

3.12 
4.76 
1.17 
4.66 
4.96 

1.42 
5.85 
0.35 
9.25 
3.05 

6.77 
3.45 
5.11 
5.28 
2.55 

2.10 
4.40 
4.90 
5.65 
1.81 

1.01 



+.47 
4.53 



3.88 
5.74 
3.85 
7.60 
6.25 

2.59 
3.12 
5.11 
2.23 

2.70 

9.73 
5.10 
9.25 
8.35 
5.65 

5.48 
3.50 
1.79 
3.97 
2.25 

7.22 

4.10 

5.30 

1, 

5.77 

2.00 

4.97 
+.22 
5.19 



4.20 
3.30 
5.11 
5.98 
5.92 

6.13 

4.40 
2.33 
7.19 

3.2Jt 

3. 

2. 

4.35 
3.60 
2.57 

2.43 
9.78 
7.12 
3.35 
4.63 

7.61 
4.55 
5.75 
5.95 
2.03 

4.25 

4. 
+. 
4. 



BELFAST, 1891-1904. 



1891- 
1892. 
1893. 
1894- 

1895- 
1896- 
1897- 
1898. 
1899- 

1900- 
1901. 
1902- 
1903- 
1904. 



Average ^ 

Corrected c 

Corrected average d 













3.33 
4.50 


4.16 
1.62 


3.32 
5.38 


1.55 
2.70 


2.97 
1.26 


3.02 

4.86 


5.10 
1.70 


5.65 


2.61 


2.77 


0.93 


2.71 


3.99 


4.84 


2.05 


3.21 


5.29 


2.73 


2.99 


3.82 


4.35 


4.48 


2.46 


7.45 


4.37 


3.65 


1.58 


1.63 


5.86 


1.98 


' 4.46 


4.72 


4.61 


5.56 


2.52 


3.83 


6.53 


1.15 


3.06 


4.03 


2.05 


3.19 


1.94 


1.96 


1.43 


1.82 


7.29 


4.63 


0.98 


5.01 


7.30 


1.18 


3.03 


2.21 


5.19 


5.02 


10.32 


3.25 


4.25 


1.40 


3.98 


2.32 


4.65 


2.90 


5.02 


3. 08 


3. It 


3.92 


2.09 


0. 90 


5.75 


3.50 


5.81 


11.35 


2.48 


4.67 


1.28 


4.69 


1.38 


2.31 


3.17 


8.35 


5.59 


2.96 


3.73 


2.76 


5.86 


1.79 


2.25 


2.09 


4.73 


0.50 


4.80 


3.03 


2.94 


2.90 


5.68 


8.19 


7.31 


2.26 


7.18 


4.34 


a 2.08 


1.80 


3.05 


5.04 


5.41 


1.68 


4.51 


2.16 


7.80 


6.49 


2.09 


0.88 


3.10 


3.64 


2.50 


3.53 


3.11 


9.74 


3.37 


2.59 


12.70 


3.00 


1.85 


6.38 


1.52 


4.62 


1.84 


5.05 


1.34 


4.90 


4.96 


5.13 


8.94 


1.45 


0.53 


3.51 


4.12 


2.69 


0.84 


3.99 


2.46 


4.26 


4.86 


1.84 


3.14 


5.06 


6.51 


1.03 


1.23 


4.66 


6.30 


2.91 


2.03 


3.40 


4.49 


4.12 


5.36 


2.97 


3.51 


3.14 


2.92 


3.45 


3.54 


3.72 


3.79 


4.10 


+ .32 


+.52 


-.14 


+.31 


+.22 


-.05 


+.17 


-.10 


+.26 


+.48 


+.66 


+.40 


4.81 


4.64 


5.22 


3.28 


3.73 


3.09 


3.09 


3.35 


3.80 


4.20 


4.45 


4.50 



CARMEL, 1900-1903. 



1900 

1901 

1902 

Average & 

Corrected c 

Corrected average d 



a 5.75 


5.01 


7.10 


1.91 


7.25 


3.62 


3.14 


1.46 


3.10 


4.« 


3.36 


1.99 


6.67 


1.90 


3.75 


4.92 


2.95 


1.95 


3.00 


2.91 


3.58 


3.56 


2.40 


7.H 


3.05 


2.42 


10.97 


2.51 


2.94 


5.57 


4.02 


3.08 


2.06 


3.71 


2.02 


2.45 


5.16 


3.11 


7.27 


3.11 


4.38 


3.71 


3.39 


2.48 


2.91 


3.81 


2.59 


4.13 


-1.39 


+ .23 


-2.67 


-.55 


-1.00 


-.52 


+.78 


-.06 


+.54 


-.97 


+.91 


-1.22 


3.77 


3.34 


4.60 


2.56 


3.38 


3.19 


4.17 


2.42 


3.45 


2.84 


3.50 


2.91 



a Interpolated values in italic. 
& Average for period. 

c Correction necessary to reduce record to the 42-year period from 1869 to 1910, inclusive, covered by the 
Orono record. 
d Corrected average for the 42-year period, 1869-1910. 



PEECIPITATION. 



21 



Precipitation at stations in Maine, 1885-1910 — Continued. 

CHESUNCOOK, 1904-1906. 



Year. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Annual. 


1904 


1.78 
2.67 
1.94 

2.13 
+.31 
2.44 


0.80 
0.69 
1.61 

1.03 

+1.38 

2.41 


2.11 
1.32 

4.94 

2.79 

+1.29 

4.08 


2.52 
0.71 
2.33 

1.85 

+.08 

1.93 


3.49 
2.42 
2.74 

2,88 

-1.03 

1.85 


Vi 

3.10 

2.50 
+.64 
3.14 


4.23 
1.52 
0.60 

2.12 

+.78 
2.90 


5.44 
1.28 
0.91 

2.54 
+ .61 
3.15 


7.71 
1.18 
3.10 

4.00 
-.15 
3.85 


1.70 
0.77 
2.25 

1.57 

+1.05 

2.62 


1.57 
3.15 


0.59 
2.22 


34.69 


1905 


19.58 


1906 






2.36 

+1.02 

3.38 


1.40 
+.93 
2.33 


27. 17 


Corrected & 

Corrected average c 


+6.91 
34.08 



CHESUNCOOK DAM, 1905-1909. 



1905. 
1906. 
1907. 
1908. 
1909- 



Average a 

Corrected ^ 

Corrected average < 













3.02 
2.59 
4.41 
1.82 
2.17 


1.85 
2.74 
6.76 
3.66 
3.70 


0.50 
1.69 
2.49 
5.28 
3.94 


2.67 
2.65 
3.38 
1.26 
d9.84 


0.92 
6.06 
3.96 
2.40 
dl.l8 


2.38 
2.29 
3.36 
1.67 
3.20 


3.02 
3.45 
3.24 
1.45 
1.93 


2.44 
2.06 
2.16 
3.02 


2.14 
1.41 
3.02 
2.98 


5.79 
2.10 
1.85 
3.63 


2.56 
3.77 
1.94 
3.23 


3.28 
2.39 

4.58 


2.42 
-.11 
2.31 


2.39 
+.02 
2.41 


3.44 
+.39 
3.83 


2.88 
-.68 
2.20 


3.05 
-.14 
2.91 


2.80 
+.32 
3.12 


3.74 

+.48 
4.22 


2.78 

+1.02 

3.80 


3.96 
-.57 
3.39 


2.90 
+.61 
3.51 


2.58 
+.40 
2.98 


2.62 

+.56 
3.18 



37.68 
39.33 
31.09 
40.74 

35.56 
+2.30 
37.86 



DANFORTH, 1902-1910. 



1902. 
1903. 
1904. 
1905. 

1906. 
1907. 
1908. 
1909. 
1910. 



Average a ... 
Corrected & . . 
Corrected average c 























0.95 
3.59 
2.35 
3.66 


3.71 
3.16 
1.51 
3.55 


2 94 
2.95 
5.75 


3.92 
2.89 
2.43 


5.05 
3.48 
1.01 


2.55 
2.86 
1.40 


0.65 
4.31 
2.23 


3.72 

1.76 
1.80 


4.10 
2.56 
3.48 


2.46 
3.02 
0.53 


1.42 
6.23 
3.75 


3.62 
2.66 
1.00 


3.95 

2.77 
2.91 
5.98 
2.91 


2.22 
5.12 
5.02 
4.12 
2.48 


4.94 
2.87 
2.32 
4.23 
0.35 


4.88 
3.05 
2.60 
4.20 
1.85 


2.40 
1.76 
4.11 
1.58 
2.40 


2.57 
3.59 
1.60 
3.30 
3.57 


2.21 

4.27 
2.93 
2.02 
3.55 


2.79 

4.04 
4.10 
2.95 
1.93 


1.41 
4.13 
1.28 
7.10 
1.80 


4.73 
3.88 
6.81 
2.14 
1.62 


5.56 
3.48 
1.49 
3.92 
3.28 


3.32 
3.06 
2.57 
2.34 
1.35 


3.77 
+.05 
3.82 


3.52 
+.42 
3.94 


3.03 

+.71 
3.74 


2.92 
-.06 
2.86 


2.43 

+.37 
2.80 


2.74 
+.59 
3.33 


3.14 
+.06 
3.20 


2.73 

+.60 
3.33 


3.39 

+ .67 
4.06 


3.31 

+.74 
4.05 


3.14 

+1.10 

4.24 


2.73 
+.53 
3.26 



37.18 
36.58 
30.59 

40.98 
42.02 
37.74 
43.88 
27.09 

36.85 
+5.78 
42.63 



DEBSCONEAG, 1905-1909. 



1905 














4.80 
3.25 
5.85 


1.10 
3.16 
2.30 


2.92 
2.89 
6.10 


1.31 
7.43 
4.50 


4.28 
2.87 
3.75 


e3.57 
3.25 
3.44 




1906 


2.71 

2.85 


2.20 
1.75 


5.55 
2.80 


3^80 


3.53 
1.30 


2.38 

7.57 


42.91 


1907 


46.01 


1908 




1909 














2.60 

4.12 
+.52 
4.64 


3.04 

2.40 

+1.61 

4.01 


10.27 

5.54 

-1.41 

4.13 


2.87 

4.03 

+1.28 

5.31 










2.78 

+ .42 

3.20 


1.98 

+1.09 

3.07 


4.18 
+.77 
4.95 


3.74 
-.78 
2.96 


2.42 
-.24 
2.18 


4.98 
-.96 
4.02 


3.63 
-.07 
3.56 


3.42 
+.12 
3.54 


43.22 


Corrected b 

Corrected average c 


+2.35 
45.57 



a Average for period. 

b Correction necessary to reduce record to the 42-year period from 
Orono record, 
c Corrected average of the 42-year period, 1869-1910. 
dr Record from Sept. 19 to Oct. 13 from Miliinocket. 
e Interpolated values in italic. 



to 1910, inclusive, covered by the 



22 WATER RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Precipitation at stations in Maine, 1885-1910 — Continued. 

FAIRFIELD, 1886-1908. 



Year. 



Jan. 



Feb. 



Mar. 



Apr. 



May. 



June. 



July. 



Aug. 



Sept. 



Oct. 



Nov. 



Dec. 



Annual. 



1886. 
1887. 



1890. 
1891. 
1892. 
1893. 

1894. 

1895. 
1896. 
1897. 
1898. 
1899. 

1900. 
1901. 
1902. 
1903. 
1904. 

1905. 
1906. 
1907. 



Average a 

Corrected 6 

Corrected average < 



2.39 
1.91 
2.91 

2.55 
6.12 
3.38 
1.62 
2.43 

2.23 
0.31 
3.31 
5.07 
2.76 

5.89 
2.74 
2.25 
3.94 
3.21 

3.78 

3' 19 
1.61 

3.01 
- 17 

2.84 



3.61 
2.62 
3.27 
2.12 

3.31 
2.23 

2.28 
2.77 
1.03 

0.34 
2.95 
1.00 
6.48 
2.73 

7.00 
1.95 
1.54 
3.39 
1.05 

0.99 
2.52 
2.65 
3.68 

2.70 
- .10 
2.80 



1.75 
2.05 
3.84 
3.09 

4.61 
4.75 
1.82 
2.49 
0.86 

1.58 
5.62 
2.63 
1.45 
3 

4.75 
5.22 

7.76 
6.35 
3.78 

0.88 



1.43 
1.77 

3.28 
- .09 
3.19 



1.36 
3.64 
1.07 
1.06 

1.71 
1.97 
0.80 
2.13 
0.72 

3.50 
1.28 
2.40 
2.31 
1.05 

1.63 
3.96 
2.41 
1.95 
5.75 

2.15 

3^49 
1.93 

2.26 
- .20 
2.46 



3.04 
0.41 
3.18 
2.54 

7.79 
2.26 
2.67 
3.42 
3.78 

1.83 
2.33 
4.47 
1.55 
2.05 

5.18 
2.35 
2.54 
0.37 
4.75 

2.22 
3.55 
2.62 
4.52 

3.02 
- .12 
2.90 



1.04 
2.84 



4.25 

2.97 
2.03 
5.79 
0.99 
2.97 

1.96 
1.91 
3.39 
3.32 
1.39 

4.08 
1.64 
4.04 
3.56 
2.32 

3.49 
3.29 
2.95 
2.17 

2.84 
- .08 
2.76 



1.71 
8.77 
3.60 
3.11 

3.81 
4.63 
1.78 
2.27 
2.56 



3.21 
3.52 
1.13 
5.13 



2.99 
2.22 



2.69 

3.65 
5.32 
5.36 
2.41 

3.29 
- .24 
3.53 



2.06 
2.98 
3.56 
1.74 

3.57 
4.00 

5.58 
2.90 
3.50 

2. 

3.83 

2.82 

3.71 

0.46 

1.76 

3 

4.06 



4.76 
1.11 
6.75 
1.95 

3.85 
2.06 
3.27 
2.12 
3.82 

1.11 
5.10 
2.54 
2.37 
3.58 

2.55 
3.79 

1.86 



4.; 

1.43 
4.78 
1.32 
3.05 

3.07 
- .01 



5.58 

2.45 
1.55 
5.23 
0.56 

3.04 
- .07 
2.97 



1.83 
1.93 
5.44 
3.57 

3.45 
1.38 
1.37 

4.89 
2.41 

1.58 
2.00 
0.53 
4.33 
1.11 

4.05 

2.77 
4.01 



2.05 

0.38 
5.38 
2.34 
3.64 

2.75 

+ .37 

3.12 



5.08 
3.40 

"5.'i3 

2.06 
2.14 
3.16 
0.86 
2.02 

5.47 
2.35 
3.98 
3.71 
2.32 

4.55 
2.19 
1.03 
1.06 
1.61 

3. 
2.63 
3.66 
1.15 

2, 

+ .35 
3.23 



2.26 
3.44 
3.11 
4.26 

3.39 
4.56 
1.10 
2.36 
1.82 

3.77 
1.17 
3.06 
1.42 
1.93 

2.19 

7, 
4.68 
2.70 
1.44 

3.19 
3.55 
2.68 
2.07 

2.96 

+ .07 

3.03 



35.66 

'35.73 

43.07 
38.13 
33.00 
28.82 
27.92 

29.04 
32.06 
33.65 
36.85 
28.17 

47.03 
40.97 
38.40 



39.22 

28.41 



36.92 
28. 56 

35.10 

+ 0.81 

35.91 



GREENVILLE, 1904-1910. 



1904 










5.27 
3.22 
4.72 
2.54 
5.50 
2.72 
4.65 

4.09 

+ .05 

4.14 


3.60 
3.99 
3.43 
6.90 
2.83 
3.60 
5.31 

4.24 

+ .49 

4.73 


6.85 
2.52 
6.28 
5.81 
5.18 
3.34 
4.18 

4.88 

+ .54 

5.42 


4.09 
1.43 

2.88 
2.68 
7.96 
3.00 
3.69 

3.68 

+ .52 

4.20 


7.63 
2.82 
2.73 
5.64 
1.90 
10.12 
2.77 

4.80 

- .71 

4.09 


2.44 
0.86 
5.80 

4.^2 

2.08 
1.73 
2.13 

2.78 

+ .76 

3.54 


0.47 
2.51 
1.85 
S.72 
1.92 
4.57 
3.21 

2.61 

+ .96 

3.57 






1905 








1.91 
2.20 
3.78 
2.14 
4.22 
2.51 

2.79 

- .35 

2.44 


1.22 
3.75 
3.12 
2.59 
2.59 
2.64 

2.65 

+ .52 

3.17 




1906 


1.20 
0.98 
2.63 
4.51 
3.43 

2.55 



2.55 


1.23 
1.30 
4.93 
4.80 
3.51 

3.15 

+ .08 
3.23 


d 1^.58 
2.56 
2.95 
4.76 
2.18 

3.41 

+ .74 
4.15 


40.65 
43. 45 
42.61 


1907 


1908 .... 


1909 


49.96 


1910 


40.21 




41.63 


Corrected b 

Corrected average c 


+ 3.60 
45.23 



a Average for period. 

b Correction necessary to reduce this record to the 42-year period from 1869 to 1910, inclusive, covered 
by the Orono record. 
c Corrected average for the 42-year period, 1869-1910. 
d Interpolated values in italic. 



i^KECIPITATION. 



23 



Precipitation at stations in Maine, 1885-1910 — Continued. 

HOULTON, 1892-1910, 



Year. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Annual. 


1892 




1 74 
3 49 
1.75 

L30 
3.00 


2.15 
0.99 
1.52 


0.87 
1.57 
0.72 

3.55 


2.12 
1.30 
3.05 

1.30 


6.54 

"i'o? 

3.65 


3.78 
3.91 
3.78 

2.43 


5.74 
2 98 
2.22 

3.10 


3.65 
4.03 

2.48 

1.11 


1.78 
3.90 
4.89 

1.70 


3.50 
0.85 
3.18 

5.78 


1.42 
3.57 
3.73 

4.50 




1893 - . 


3-27 

2.54 

2.55 
0.85 




1894 


33.93 


1895 




1896 




1902 




1.25 
2.50 
2.80 

1.25 
3.20 
1.75 
2.25 
4.09 
2.66 

2.19 

+ .17 

2.36 


2.87 
0.30 
3.65 

2.00 
2.00 
1.00 
2.20 
1.51^ 
3.75 

2.08 

+ .50 

2.58 


8.06 
2.45 
2.52 

1.50 
1.40 
4.20 
2.00 
3.20 
2. .50 

3 51 

+ .16 
3.67 


3.28 

2.78 
2.58 

1.45 
2.55 
a 3. 08 
1.30 
2.15 
2.17 

2.71 

+ .30 

3.01 


4.09 
1.55 
3.00 

0.12 
1.50 
3.22 
3.57 
1.65 
1.07 

2.60 
+ .17 

2.77 


4.10 
1.15 
6.70 

1.80 
1.20 
5.00 
0.49 
6.14 
0.85 

2.98 

- .08 

2.90 


4.73 
2.40 
3.40 

1.00 
7.34 
3.10 
1.35 
1.25 
1.65 

2.9'j 

+ .76 

3.72 


1.88 
2.62 
2.20 

2.25 
1.20 
2.10 
1.07 
2.34 
1.42 

2.34 

+1.12 

3.46 


4.62 
2.00 
1.44 

2.40 
2.J^8 
2.00 
1.50 
2.05 
0.87 

2.51 

+ .56 

3.07 




1903 


3.14 

3.55 
2.70 
1.90 
1.89 
3.64 
0.95 

2.63 

+ .75 

3.38 


2.68 
2.35 

1.60 
2.10 
1.50 
4.75 
3.70 
2.00 

2.46 

+ .73 

3.19 


5.49 
2.60 

0.70 
3.20 
1.70 
2.51 
2.95 
1.40 

2.29 

+1.16 

3.45 


29.06 


1904 


37.84 


1905 


19.62 


1906 


30.87 


1907 


30.55 


1908 


24.88 


1909 .... 


3J!^.70 


1910 


21.29 


Average 6 


31.26 


Corrected c 

Corrected averaged 


+ 6.30 
37.56 



KINEO, 1895-1903. 



1895 


2.11 
0.37 
2.82 
4.24 


1.35 
2.51 
1.95 
6.90 


1. 22 
4 49 
2.43 
0.82 


2.03 
2.24 
3.27 
2.22 


2.58 
2.46 
3.96 


3.20 
2.47 
2.59 


4.07 
4.02 
8.37 
0.90 
7.37 
5.21 
1.95 
4.03 


4.90 
2.00 
3.11 
3.30 


1.45 
3.27 
2.62 
4.50 


0.87 
3.61 
1.52 


5.47 
1.95 
2.69 


2.99 
0.90 
2.25 


32.30 


1896 


30.29 


1897 


37.58 


1898 




1899 . 


3.20 
3.49 
0.75 
4.67 


3.94 
3.24 
6.55 
6.15 
2.79 

3.87 

+ .17 

4.04 










1900 


5.17 
2.65 
2.15 
2.36 

2.73 

- .09 

2.64 


3.47 
1.80 
3.60 

3.08 

+ .29 

3.37 


3.90 
1.45 
4.73 
4.99 

3.00 
-.113 

1.87 


"'4.' 85 
2.65 


1.51 
2.55 
3.01 


2.55 
0.94 
5.40 










1901 


2.26 


2.70 
0.81 


7.40 
2.01 


35.85 


1902 




1903 






2.88 

- .57 

2.31 


3.02 

- .43 

2.59 


4.49 

+ .46 

4.95 


2.91 

- .19 

2.72 


2.97 

+ .27 

3.24 


2.06 

+1.38 

3.44 


2.72 

+ .43 

3.15 


3.11 

- .63 

2.48 


36.84 


Correctedc 

Corrected average d 


- 0.04 
36.80 



a Interpolated values In italic. 
6 Average for record entered on this sheet. 

c Correction necessary to reduce this record to the 42-year period from 18G9 to 1910, inclusive, covered 
by the Orono record. 
d Corrected average for the 42-year period, 1869-1910. 
e Average for period. 



24 



WATER RESOUECES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 



Precipitation at stations in Maine, 1885-1910 — Continued. 

MAYFIELD, 188JJ-1908. 



Year. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept.. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Annual. 


1885 












9.03 

1.26 
4.01 
2.27 
5.70 

3.97 
3.34 
8.36 
2.69 
6.45 

3.03 
3.13 
3.41 
2,94 
2.04 

3.31 
2.94 
7.39 
6.54 
3.17 

3.39 
4.61 
4.64 


2.91 

2.58 
6.53 
3.48 
'4.98 

3.45 
5.11 
2.73 
3. 27 
2.65 

4.44 
6.07 
8.04 
1.52 
4.79 

4.48 
5.40 
2.95 
5.27 
4.41 

4.39 
4.66 

4.75 


3.70 
3.74 
3.35 

6-88 
3.35 

6.40 
4.78 
9.19 
5.20 
2.05 

3.86 
4.90 
4.07 
4 43 
1.05 

1.25 
5.25 
6.36 
3.03 
5.32 

1.86 
4.13 
3.18 


2 79 
3.93 
1 41 

5.90 
6.52 

5.85 
1.58 
5 63 
4.21 
5.71 

2.09 
5.31 
3.01 
3.57 
3.33 

3.26 
2.63 
4.33 
0.85 
5.73 

4.40 
2.23 

5.67 


3.50 
2.33 
2.74 
7.93 
5.83 

3.45 
1,56 
1.60 
7.37 
6.41 

2,25 
4.77 
1.43 
5.79 
1 71 

2.99 
3.43 
5.83 
3.12 

2.42 

0.96 
5.54 
6.11 


3.40 
6.82 
4.27 
6.90 
5.39 

2.01 
2.91 
5.14 
3.49 

2.48 

7.63 
5.11 
5.12 
6.02 
2.19 

7.43 
2.44 
1.65 
1 61 
1.58 

2.87 
3.61 
5.35 


3.09 




1886 . . . 


8.06 


4.12 


2.85 


1.40 
5.91 
1.42 
2.09 

2.42 
3.75 


3.76 
2.08 
3.17 
3.66 

10.29 
2.37 




1887 






1888 








3.25 




1889 










1890 












1891 












1892 


4.80 
2.47 
3.15 

2.31 
0.94 
3.99 
4.22 
2.50 

6.27 
2.60 
3.21 
5.48 
3.07 

4.25 
2.69 
1.40 
3.64 

3.61 

+ .14 

3.75 


2.14 
1.83 
1.61 

1.08 
3.58 
2.07 
7.99 
4.00 

7.39 
1.20 
3.60 
3.27 
1.81 

al.ll 
2.01 
1.72 


2.89 
2.36 
1.31 

1.25 
7.20 
3.92 
0.96 
4.87 

5.65 
5.55 
9.50 
5.33 

2.76 

1.00 
5.24 
1.86 


0.95 
3.02 
2.27 

5=84 
1.24 
3.43 
1.14 
3.05 

1.10 
8.63 
4.12 
3.06 
1.47 

2.69 
3.38 
5.42 




1893 


i 86 
1.17 

6.21 
2.34 
4.56 
2.26 
0.99 

1.57 
6.33 
4.16 
1.56 
3.42 

2.17 

2.70 
4.04 


5.65 
4.83 

3.83 
3.02 
5.04 
1.88 
3.02 

5.84 
2.26 
3.40 
0.58 
6.86 

3.29 
3.90 
2.40 


43 42 


1894 


40.09 


1895 


43.82 


1896 


47.61 


1897 


48.09 


1898 


42.72 


1899 


33.54 


1900 


50.54 


1901 


48.66 


1902 


56.50 


1903 


39.70 


1904 


42.02 


1905 


32.38 


1906 


44.70 


1907 


46.54 


1908... . 






2.97 

+ .52 

3.49 


3.79 

+ .25 

4.04 


2.97 

+ .12 

3.09 


3.86 

- .14 

3.72 


4.24 

- .06 

4.18 


4.30 

+ .01 

4.31 


4.23 

- .06 

4.17 


3.92 
- .04 

3.88 


3.87 

+ .42 
4.29 


4.15 

+ .05 
4.20 


3.18 

+ .21 

3.39 


45.09 


Corrected c 

Corrected average d 


+ 1.42 
46.51 



MILLINOCKET, 1899-1910. 



1900. 
1901. 
1902. 
1903. 
1904. 

1905. 
1906. 
1907. 
1908. 
1909. 
1910. 



Average & 

Corrrectedi; 

Corrected averaged 











1.14 
6.41 


3.80 
3.96 


4.08 
6.53 


0.57 
1.73 


4.08 
2.02 


3.80 
6.11 


1.14 
3.77 


3.31 
0.91 


6.45 


9.41 


6.24 


1.63 


2.53 


0.59 


5.11 


5.63 


0.94 


3.02 


1.78 


4.59 


1.85 


3.68 


2.55 


8.75 


3.97 


0.96 


6.47 


1.95 


2.47 


5.82 


2.50 


3.63 


4.15 


5.09 


1.88 


5.23 


3.34 


3.30 


6.39 


1.96 


0.72 


2.07 


4.25 


2.48 


2.82 


2.72 


2.64 


3.64 


3.35 


1.89 


3.86 


2.82 


4.38 


2.16 


4.96 


4.06 


6.46 


3.21 


2.20 


1.89 


5.45 


1.25 


0.77 


2.05 


2.91 


2.41 


2.92 


2.08 


3.47 


1.49 


4.29 


3.57 


3.09 


3.45 


6.29 


3.69 


3.57 


2.96 


■6.24 


1.90 


3.16 


7.10 


4.21 


3.35 


3.24 


1.95 


2.16 


3.60 


2.50 


7.33 


4.70 


4.04 


5.31 


4.14 


3.75 


3.32 


2.52 


3.82 


2.65 


1.93 


5.16 


2.10 


2.35 


5.01 


2.46 


3.30 


1.88 


3.32 


5.24 


5.36 


4.24 


4.64 


3.05 


2.91 


3.09 


3.07 


9.70 


1.80 


4.92 


2.07 


4.05 


3.56 


1.66 


4.27 


2.97 


4.37 


3.72 


2.39 


2.61 


2.21 


2.86 


2.96 


3.93 


3.23 


4.17 


3.11 


3.02 


3.58 


3.68 


2.96 


4.01 


3.72 


3.01 


3.53 


-.34 


+.37 


-.17 


-.19 


-.06 


+.20 


+.12 


+.67 


-.05 


+.34 


+1.03 


+.23 


3.59 


3.60 


4.00 


2.92 


2.96 


3.78 


3.80 


3.63 


3.96 


4.06 


4.04 


3.76 



55.17 
41.02 
44.02 
36.33 
41.24 

32.66 
46.01 
46.04 
36.50 
50.09 
37.63 

41.95 
+2.15 
44.10 



o Interpolated values in italic. 
6 Average for period. 

c Correction necessary to reduce record to the 42-year period from 1869 to 1910, inclusive, covered by the 
Orono record, 
d Corrected average for the 42-year period, 1869-1910. 



PEEOIPITATION. 



25 



Precipitation at stations in Maine, 1885-1910 — Continued. 

ORONO, 1869-1910. 



Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


2.54 


4.26 


3.36 


2.39 


2.95 


a 4. 00 


1.62 


1.91 


3.67 


9.57 


3.36 


a7.50 


5.61 


4.30 


2.11 


3.55 


1.96 


2.07 


1.78 


3.21 


2.23 


5.53 


5.61 


3.04 


2.60 


2.53 


4.11 


3.91 


3.63 


2.58 


1.98 


3.85 


1.10 


7.50 


3.58 


4.16 


2.18 


1.70 


5.23 


1.93 


3.92 


4.47 


2.68 


6.23 


3.55 


6.01 


7.06 


3.66 


4.09 


2.97 


4.70 


2.59 


1.96 


1.32 


3.26 


1.81 


4.74 


6.56 


5.05 


1.74 


4.57 


5.50 


3.40 


3.76 


4.74 


4.93 


2.10 


5.39 


4.37 


1.14 


3.06 


1.98 


2.00 


3.80 


4.45 


3.85 


3.31 


4.85 


2.11 


2.32 


5.10 


4.75 


3.87 


1.51 


3.92 


8.39 


8.20 


1.65 


3.73 


2.56 


5.80 


0.91 


4.28 


3.91 


4.35 


4.67 


8.29 


1.20 


5. 67 


3.18 


1.94 


1.98 


1.64 


5.28 


1.11 


4.78 


7.95 


2.15 


5.08 


2.41 


2.73 


3.40 


2.14 


5.42 


4.77 


3.00 


2.00 


4.73 


4.91 


7.92 


3.28 


3.56 


3.40 


3.51 


1.80 


4.73 


5.79 


5.66 


4.93 


3.49 


2.98 


3.60 


2.83 


2.83 


2.86 


4.15 


2.17 


0.73 


3.32 


1.54 


3.84 


4.15 


3.52 


1.90 


2.08 


3.35 


3.64 


1.28 


4.85 


3.38 


2.72 


5.89 


2.35 


3.57 


2.81 


6.88 


4.19 


3.96 


5.20 


2.05 


4.52 


4.44 


3.10 


1.64 


6.44 


1.09 


1.78 


2.85 


2.44 


2.34 


1.89 


3.80 


5.10 


3.66 


6.90 


0.53 


2.23 


4.97 


3.75 


2.99 


4.44 


6.85 


4.37 


3.38 


5.42 


1.37 


2.38 


3.12 


2.19 


2.70 


3.99 


4.74 


4.73 


4.45 


2.78 


2.34 


3.38 


4.60 


4.70 


7.36 


2.52 


5.12 


5.37 


5.64 


6.64 


5. 42 


2.87 


1.8C 


4.67 


2.74 


1.05 


2.27 


4.11 


1.42 


8.67 


6.38 


7.56 


5.89 


5.88 


5.08 


1.25 


3.36 


7.11 


4.60 


0.95 


3.00 


3.48 


4.72 


4.97 


6.11 


6.48 


1.78 


2.82 


3.65 


2.47 


4.59 


6.97 


7.51 


6.43 


4.96 


5.37 


5.20 


4.62 


1.93 


1.86 


4.93 


3.23 


1.65 


2.21 


4.04 


4.50 


3.40 


3.33 


4.52 


5.81 


2.02 


10.52 


3.84 


3.84 


4. 55 


4.47 


3.36 


2.67 


4.10 


7.66 


2.93 


5.20 


3.26 


2.83 


3.20 


3.56 


4.67 


3.68 


2.85 


2.78 


4.76 


4.80 


1.96 


2.52 


1.12 


1.94 


5.96 


1.99 


6.41 


3.91 


1.75 


4.47 


2.26 


0.85 


5.75 


1. 45 


2.18 


2.55 


2.69 


3.25 


3.90 


6.02 


3.34 


1.43 


4.21 


3.01 


1.73 


1.23 


1.18 


3.84 


2.90 


2.41 


2.01 


3.40 


4.33 


1.24 


1.75 


a 2. 75 


0.83 


2.39 


3.88 


2. 13 


1.35 


2.85 


2.14 


1.05 


1.51 


3.61 


a 4. 00 


a 0.7 5 


2.20 


6.95 


1.35 


2.09 


2.62 


2.58 


4.26 


8.00 


3.75 


4.23 


1.30 


3. 03 


2. 38 


3.96 


3. 03 


4.49 


3. 71 


2.02 


5. 09 


2.65 


1.01 


5.04 


3.58 


6.32 


8.05 


2.23 


4.95 


1.02 


5.28 


2.44 


3.14 


2.29 


6.19 


6.84 


1.27 


2.75 


2.27 


4.76 


0.66 


4.12 


4.10 


4.49 


T. 


3.20 


2.92 


2.01 


3.09 


8.14 


6.75 


5.47 


2.01 


8.24 


3.83 


2.53 


1.58 


2.94 


5.70 


4.59 


2.02 


4.33 


1.95 


5.45 


5.12 


2.07 


1.79 


2.75 


3.76 


4.22 


4.12 


2.54 


7.94 


3. 65 


1.80 


8.89 


2.94 


2.77 


6.03 


1.81 


4.96 


1.94 


5.04 


1.76 


4.77 


3.62 


3.48 


6.22 


1.71 


0.73 


2.09 


6.49 


2.22 


1.21 


3.44 


2.79 


3.14 


3.63 


2.57 


3.18 


2.31 


4.26 


2.17 


2.43 


4.46 


6.47 


3.10 


1.62 


2.00 


4.28 


2.20 


0.83 


2.22 


3.47 


3.13 


2.19 


2.13 


3.19 


0.78 


4.08 


3.51 


3.11 


2.27 


4.34 


3.65 


5.44 


2.86 


2.47 


1.69 


1.51 


4.90 


3.52 


3.37 


4.01 


3.01 


2.25 


3.53 


1.77 


5.77 


3.44 


1.41 


6.12 


2.71 


4.22 


3.84 


3.36 


4.23 


2.90 


2.37 


4.59 


1.35 


2.85 


4.69 


0.81 


6.03 


1.39 


2.94 


5.87 


5.32 


5.23 


4.41 


2. 21 


2.11 


2.37 


1.82 


9.09 


2.43 


4.14 


1.98 


3.57 


3.42 


1.91 


2.76 


1.42 


2.70 


2.43 


3.72 


2.79 


2.56 


1.42 


2.88 


3.98 


3.73 


4.07 


2.81 


3.36 


3.36 


3.14 


3.37 


3.57 


3.98 


3.87 


3.69 



Annual 



PATTEN, 1902-1910. 



Average & 

Corrected c 

Corrected average d 



1.60 
2.90 
4.20 
3.50 
1.00 



5.80 
3.10 

3.16 
-.03 
3.13 



a 2. 05 
0.90 
3.80 
2.40 



4.75 
3.34 

2.87 
■f.55 
3.42 



3.02 
1.02 
0.90 
5.90 
1.40 



4.16 
0.93 

2.48 
+.65 
3.13 



1.00 
a 2. 03 
2.90 
2.50 
2.40 
1.50 



5.14 
5.35 

2.85 
-.13 
2.72 



3.52 
0.12 
4.25 
2.15 
1.30 
2.05 



1.79 



2.73 
+.60 
3.33 



6.20 
2.29 
4.15 
5.25 
1.84 
10.04 



2.50 
4.28 



3.00 
4.03 
4.30 
2.00 
5.26 
4.21 
1.51 
6.42 
4.27 

3.89 
+.20 
4.09 



3. 

2.64 

2.49 

0.06 

1.57 

5.00 

5.00 

3.91 

2.28 

2.97 
+.36 
3.33 



4.30 
0.69 
10.42 
3.96 
1.52 
6.04 
0.30 
9.71 
4.63 

4.62 
-.11 
4.51 



4.80 
2.58 
3.10 
1.38 
10.10 
5.70 



2.38 
2.98 



4.13 
+.86 
4.99 



2.88 
+.93 
3.81 



2.20 
3.40 
1.50 
2.00 
2.73 
4.00 
1.55 
1.95 
2.73 

2.45 
+.53 
2.98 



a Interpolated values in italic. 
6 Average for period. 

c Correction necessary to reduce record to the 42-year period from 1869 to 1910, inclusive, covered by the 
Orono record, 
d Corrected average for the 42-year period, 1869-1910. 



26 WATER RESOURCES OF PEKOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Precipitation at stations in Maine, 1885-1910 — Continued. 

SOUTH LAGRANGE, 1903-1905. 



Year. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Annual. 


1903 




















2.99 
2.40 


1.85 
1.92 


2.51 
1.75 




1904 


2.10 
3.76 

2.93 

+ .02 
2.95 


1.50 
1.22 

1.36 

+1.35 

2.71 


3.60 
0.56 

2.08 

+2.07 

4.15 


3.03 


4.85 


2.62 


4.77 


5.10 


5.93 


39.57 


1905 






3.03 
+.50 
3.53 


4.85 
-.90 
3.95 


2.62 

+1.19 

3.81 


4.77 
+.71 
5.48 


5.10 

-1.09 

4.01 


5.93 

-2.90 

3.03 


2.70 
+.71 
3.41 


1.88 

+1.67 

3.55 


2.13 

+1.12 

3.25 


39.38 


Corrected & 

Corrected average c 


+4.45 
43. 83 



THE FORKS, 1901-1910. 



1901. 
1902. 
1903. 
1&04. 
1905. 

1906. 
1907. 
1908. 
1909. 
1910. 



Averagea 

Corrected & 

Corrected average <■ 





















3.31 
3.40 


2.60 
2.30 


8.65 
3.10 


3.50 


3.35 


5.29 


3.20 


4.62 


6.42 


2.92 


3.43 


5.39 


2.30 


3.63 


4.42 


1.35 


0.61 


4.36 


4.58 


3.24 


0.91 


1.60 


1.73 


2.97 


2.95 


1.40 


1.95 


3.70 


5.08 


4.64 


7.53 


2 69 


6.82 


2.23 


1.34 


1.58 


3.39 


1.11 


1.30 


1.68 


3.58 


4.33 


3.37 


1.86 


3.47 


1.24 


2.90 


2.40 


2.24 


2.05 


4.20 


2.18 


3.13 


3.07 


4.56 


2.57 


3.79 


5.98 


2.61 


2.82 


1.78 


2.15 


2.96 


5.23 


2.42 


4.21 


8.08 


2.62 


5.75 


4.63 


4.76 


2.02 


2.02 


3.74 


2.10 


2.22 


4.42 


2.80 


4.61 


3.01 


1.00 


2.28 


2.22 


2.00 


4.36 


4.04 


3.85 


4.65 


3.14 


2.22 


3.50 


3.35 


7.56 


1.00 


4.34 


2.05 


2.98 


3.32 


2.23 


2.85 


5.35 


3.40 


5.10 


1.85 


2.16 


2.35 


2.50 


1.70 


2.84 


2.75 


3.14 


3.01 


3.59 


3.94 


4.92 


2.74 


4.09 


2.80 


2.73 


2.99 


+0.08 


+0.59 


+0.10 


-0.07 


+0.40 


+0. 23 


+0.20 


+0. 3d 


-0.11 


+0.47 


+1.12 


+0.05 


2.92 


3.34 


3.24 


2.94 


3.99 


4.17 


5.12 


3.10 


3.98 


3.27 


3.85 


3.04 



46.92 
31.70 
41.91 
30.63 

39.20 
46.61 
33.02 
44.06 
35.79 

39.54 
+3.42 
42.96 



o Average for period. 

b Correction necessary to reduce record to the 42-year period from 
Oron,o record, 
c Corrected average for the 42-year period, 1869-1910. 



to 1910, inclusive, covered by the 



Average precipitation in the Penobscot River drainage area, Maine, corrected to the period 

1869 to 1910, inclusive. 



Station. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Annual. 


Bar Harbor 

Belfast 


5.12 
4.81 
3.77 
2.44 
2.31 
3.82 
3.20 
2.84 
2.55 
3.38 
2.64 
3.75 
3.59 
3.98 
3.13 
2.95 
2.92 


4.36 
4.64 
3.34 
2.41 
2.41 
3.94 
3.07 
2.80 
3.23 
3.19 
3.37 
3.49 
3.60 
3.73 
3.42 
2.71 
3.34 


5.17 
5.22 
4.60 
4.08 
3.83 
3.74 
4.95 
3.19 
4.15 
3.45 
1.87 
4.04 
4.00 
4.07 
3.13 
4.15 
3.24 


3.37 
3.28 
2.56 
1.93 
2.20 
2.86 
2.96 
2.46 
2.44 
2.36 
2.31 
3.09 
2.92 
2.81 
2.72 
3.53 
2.94 


3.51 
3.73 
3.38 
1.85 
2.91 
2.80 
2.18 
2.90 
4.14 
2.58 
2.59 
3.72 
2.96 
3.36 
3.33 
3.95 
3.99 


2.90 
3.09 
3.19 
3.14 
3.12 
3.33 
4.02 
2.76 
4.73 
3.67 
4.04 
4.18 
3.78 
3.36 
4.65 
3.81 
4.17 


2.93 
3.09 
4.17 
2.90 
4.22 
3.20 
4.64 
3.53 
5.42 
3.01 
4.95 
4.31 
3.80 
3.14 
4.09 
5.48 
5.12 


3.16 
3.35 
2.42 
3.15 
3.80 
3.33 
4.01 
3.08 
4.20 
2.77 
2.72 
4.17 
3.63 
3.37 
3.33 
4.01 
3.10 


3.52 
3.80 
3.45 
3.85 
3.39 
4.06 
4.13 
2.97 
4.09 
2.90 
3.24 
3.88 
3.96 
3.57 
4.51 
3.03 
3.98 


4.53 
4.20 
2.84 
2.62 
3.51 
4.05 
5.31 
3.12 
3.54 
3.72 
3.44 
4.29 
4.06 
3.98 
4.99 
3.41 
3.27 


5.19 
4.45 
3.50 
3.38 
2.98 
4.24 
3.56 
3.23 
3.57 
3.46 
3.15 
4.20 
4.04 
3.87 
3.81 
3.55 
3.85 


4.94 
4.50 
2.91 
2.33 
3.18 
3.26 
3.54 
3.03 
3.17 
3.07 
2.48 
3.39 
3.76 

2! 98 
3.25 
3.04 


48.70 
48.16 


Carmel 


40.13 


Chesuncook 

Chesuncook Dam. . 
Danforth 


34.08 
37.86 
42.63 


Debsconeag 

Fairfield 


45.57 
35.91 


Greenville 


45.23 




37.56 


Kineo 


36.80 


Mayfield 


46.51 


Millinocket 


44.10 
42.93 


Patten 


44.09 


South Lagrange . . . 
The Forks 


43.83 
42.96 


Mean 


3.36 


3.36 


3.93 


2.75 


3.17 


3.64 


4.00 


3.39 


3.67 


3.82 


3.77 


3.32 


42.18 



STEEAM FLOW. 27 

STREAM FLOW. 
FIELD METHODS OF MEASURING STREAM FLOW.i 

The flow of streams in open channels may be determined (1) by 
measurements of slope and cross section and the use of Chezy's and 
Kutter's formulas, (2) by means of a weir or dam, and (3) by meas- 
urements of the velocity of the current and of the area of the cross 
section. The method chosen depends on the physical conditions of 
the stream, on the degree of accuracy desired, on the funds available, 
and on the length of time that the record is to be continued. In the 
Penobscot River drainage basin the velocity method has been used 
for determining the discharge of all streams except the West Branch 
at MilUnocket.^ ^ 

A gaging station consists essentially of a gage for determining the 
daily fluctuations of stage of the river and some structure or apparatus 
from which discharge measurements are made, commonly a bridge 
or cable. The stations in the Penobscot River basin are selected and 
equipped with great care, in order that the data may have the 
required degree of accuracy. 

The two factors required to determine the discharge of a stream 
past a section perpendicular to the mean direction of the current are 
the area of the cross section and the mean velocity of flow normal 
to that section. 

Depths for the determination of the area are usually measured by 
sounding with the current meter and cable. The Price current meter 
is used by the United States Geological Survey almost to the exclusion 
of meters of other types to determine the velocity of flow of water in 
open channels. The meter consists of six cups attached to a vertical 
shaft which revolves on a conical hardened-steel point when immersed 
in moving water. The number of revolutions is indicated electrically. 
The relation between the velocity of the moving water and the revo- 
lutions of the wheel is determined for each meter by drawing it 
through still water for a given distance at different speeds and noting 
the number of revolutions for each run. These data form the basis 
of a rating table which gives the velocity of moving water per second 
for any number of revolutions in a given period of time. 

In using a current meter the engineer marks, on the structure from 
which observations of depth and velocity are to be made, a number 
of points above and in the plane of the selected section, spacing these 
points equally for parts of the section in which the flow is uniform 
and smooth and unequally for other parts. In general, the points 
should not be farther apart than 5 per cent of the distance between 

1 For more complete information regarding the methods of gaging streams, see Water-Supply Paper U. S. 
Geol. Survey No. 261, pp. 18-23. 

2 For description of this station, which is located at a dam, and the methods of computing discharge, see 
page 33. 



28 WATER RESOURCES OE PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

piers, nor farther apart than the approximate mean depth at the time 
of measurement. The measuring points divide the total cross section 
into elementary strips, at each end of which depth and velocity are 
observed. The discharge of any elementary strip is the product of 
the average of the depths at the two ends times the width of the 
strip times the average of the mean velocities at the two ends of the 
strip. The sum of the discharges of the elementary strips is the total 
discharge of the stream. 

The two classes of methods of measuring velocity with current 
jneters in most general use are the multiple point and single point. 
The two principal multiple-point methods in general use are the ver- 
tical velocity curve and 0.2 and 0.8 depth. 

In the vertical velocity curve method a series of velocity determi- 
nations are made in each vertical at regular intervals, usually about 
10 to 20 per cent of the depth apart. These velocities are plotted as 
abscissas and their depths as ordinates and a smooth curve is drawn 
among resulting points. The mean velocity in the vertical is then 
obtained by dividing the area bounded by this velocity curve and its 
axis by the depth. This method of obtaining the mean velocity in 
the vertical is probably best known, but on account of the length of 
time required to make a complete measurement its use is largely Hm- 
ited to the determination of coefficients for purposes of comparison 
and to measurements under ice. 

In the second multiple-point method the meter is held successively 
at 0.2 and 0.8 depth, and the mean of the velocities at these two 
points is taken as the mean velocity for that vertical. Observations 
under a wide range of conditions show that this multiple-point method 
gives the mean velocity very closely for open-water flow, and that in 
a completed measurement it seldom varies as much as 1 per cent from 
the value given by the vertical velocity-curve method. Moreover, 
experience indicates that it holds nearly as well for ice-covered rivers. 
During the last two or three years it has been extensively used in the 
regular practice of the United States Geological Survey. 

In the single-point method the meter is held either at the depth of 
the thread of mean velocity or at an arbitrary depth for which the 
coefficient for reducing to mean velocity has been determined or must 
be assumed. In general practice the thread of mean velocity has 
been found to be located at about 0.6 depth, and almost all measure- 
ments made prior to 1907 were made by this method. 

In the other principal single-point method the meter is held near 
the surface, usually 1 foot below, or low enough to be out of the effect 
of the wind or other disturbing influence. This is known as the sub- 
surface method. The coefficient for reducing the velocity taken at 
the subsurface to the mean has been found in general to be from about 
0.85 to 0.95, depending on the stage, the velocity, and the condition 




) 2.0 3.0 

K) 2750 3000 3250 
13000 14000 15000 16000 17000 

KEAG. 



WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 279 PLATE IV 

























































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A 


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MEASUREMENTS 
Year Numbers 

1902 1 — 4- 

1903 5-13 

1904 14—16 

1905 17—22 

1906 23 

1907 26, 27 

1908 30, 31 

1909 •34 






































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d 



DISCHARGE, AREA, AND 



Area in square feet o i.o 2.0 

250 500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3250 
7000 8000 9000 10000 11000 12000 13000 14000 

Discharge in second-feet 

VELOCITY CURVES OF MATTAWAMKEAG RIVER AT MATTAW^AMKEAG. 



STEEAM FLOW. 29 

of the channel. This method is especially adapted for measurements 
during floods or when the velocity is so great that the meter can not 
be kept in the correct position for the other methods. 

The determination of the flow of an ice-covered stream is difiicult, 
owing to diversity and instability of conditions during the winter 
period and also to lack of definite information in regard to the laws 
of flow of water under ice. The method now employed is to make 
frequent discharge measurements by the 0.2 and 0.8 and the vertical 
velocity curve methods during the ice periods, and to keep record 
accurately of the gage height to the surface of the water as it rises in 
a hole cut in the ice and the thickness and character of the ice. 
From these data the daily flow can be estimated approximately by 
constructing a rating curve (really a series of curves) similar to that 
used for flow in open channels, but considering, in addition to gauge 
heights and discharge, the varying thickness of ice.^ 

OFFICE METHODS OF COMPUTING AND STUDYING DISCHARGE 

AND RUN-OFF. 

The discharge measurements are plotted on cross-section paper 
and rating curves are drawn. (See PL IV. ) The rating tables prepared 
from these curves are then applied to the tables of daily gage heights 
to obtain the daily discharges, and from these applications the tables 
of monthly discharge and run-off are computed. 

The stations in the Penobscot River basin present the most favor- 
able conditions for accurate determinations of discharge. The stream 
bed is, as a rule, composed of rock, and is not subject to change by 
deposits of sediment and loose material. Discharge measurements 
made at these stations usually plot within 2 or 3 per cent or less of the 
mean discharge curve, and the rating tables developed from the curves 
represent a high degree of accuracy. 

Estimates have been made of the monthly discharge during winter 
months for 1907, 1908, and 1909. These estimates are based on 
available measurements under ice conditions, on daily records of tem- 
perature and precipitation obtained from the climate and crop reports 
of the United States Weather Bureau, on observers' notes, and on a 
careful and thorough intercomparison of results with those obtained 
on adjacent streams. Although every care possible is used in making 
these estimates, many of them are very rough, the data for some of 
them being so poor that the estimates are liable to as much as 50 per 
cent error. It is believed, however, that estimates of this character 
are better than none at all, and that they indicate in a relative way the 
proportionate amount of flow during the frozen period. These esti- 
mates are included in the annual discharge. The large error of the 

1 For information in regard to flow of streams under ice see Water-Supply Paper U. S. Geol. Survey 
No. 187. 



30 WATER RESOUBCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

individual months has a relatively small effect on the annual total, 
and it is for many purposes desirable to have the yearly discharge 
computed, even though it involves some error. 

ACCURACY AND RELIABILITY OF FIELD DATA AND COMPARATIVE 

RESULTS. 

Practically all current-meter measurements made under fair ccfndi- 
tions are well within 5 per cent of the true discharge at the time of 
observation. Inasmuch as the errors of meter measurements are 
largely compensating, the mean rating curve, when well defined, is 
nluch more accurate than the individual measurements. Numerous 
experiments made especially to test the accuracy of current-meter 
work show that it compares very favorably with the results from 
standard weirs, and, owing to simplicity of methods, usually gives 
results that are much more reliable than those from stations at dams, 
where uncertainty regarding the coefficient and complicated condi- 
tions of flow prevail. 

The work is, of course, dependent on the reliability of the observers. 
With relatively few exceptions, the observers perform their work 
honestly. Care is taken, however, to watch them closely and to 
inquire into any discrepancies. It is, of course, obvious that one gage 
reading a day does not always give the mean height for that day. As 
an almost invariable rule, however, errors from this source are com- 
pensating and virtually negligible in a period of one month, although 
a single day's reading may, when taken by itself, be considerably in 
error. 

In order to give engineers and others information regarding the 
probable accuracy of the computed results, footnotes are added to the 
rating tables and an accuracy column is inserted in the monthly-dis- 
charge table. In the rating tables ^'well defined" indicates that the 
rating is probably accurate within 5 per cent; '^fairly well defined," 
within 10 per cent; '^ poorly defined" or '^ approximate," within 15 to 
25 per cent. These notes are very general and are based on the plotting 
of the individual measurements with reference to the mean rating 
curve. 

The accuracy column in the monthly-discharge table does not apply 
to the maximum or minimum, nor to any individual day, but to the 
monthly mean. It is based on the accuracy of the rating, the proba- 
ble reliability of the observer, and knowledge of local conditions. In 
this column, A indicates that the mean monthly flow is probably accu- 
rate within 5 per cent; B, within 10 per cent; C, within 15 per cent; 
D, within 25 per cent. Special conditions are covered by footnotes. 



STEEAM FLOW. 31 

USE OF THE DATA. 

In general, the policy is followed of making available for the public 
the base data which are collected in the field each year by the survey 
engineers. This is done not only to comply with the law, but also for 
the express purpose of giving to any engineer the opportunity of exam- 
ining the computed results and of changing and adjusting them as may 
seem best to him. Although it is believed that the rating tables and 
revised monthly discharges are as good as the base data up to and 
including the current year will warrant, it should be borne in mind 
that additional data collected at these stations from year to year in 
the future will throw new light on data already collected and pub- 
lished, and hence allow more or less improvement in the computed 
results of earlier years. 

The values in the table of monthly discharge are so arranged as to 
give only a general idea of the conditions of flow at the station, and it 
is not expected that they will be used for other than preliminary esti- 
mates. This is particularly true of the maximum and minimum fig-' 
ures, which, owing to the method of collecting these data, are liable to 
large errors. The maximum value should be increased considerably 
for many stations in considering designs for spillways, and the mini- 
mum value should be considered for a group of, say, seven days and 
not for one day. 

The rating table is published primarily to allow the engineer to 
apply it directly to the daily gage heights and rearrange the daily 
discharges in order of magnitude or by some other method. 

EXPLANATION OF TABLES. 

For the Penobscot River drainage basin there is given a brief gen- 
eral description covering such subjects as area, source, tributaries, 
topography, geology, forests, rainfall, ice conditions, storage, power 
sites, and other special features of importance or interest. 

For each regular current-meter gaging station are given the follow- 
ing data: Description of station, list of discharge measurements, table 
of daily gage heights, rating table, table of daily discharges, and table 
of monthly and yearly discharges and run-off. For the Millinocket 
station, the gage heights and rating tables are omitted and a table 
of daily discharge is substituted. 

In addition to statements regarding the location and installation 
of current-meter stations, the descriptions give information in regard 
to any conditions which may affect the constancy of the relation be- 
tween gage height and discharge, covering such points as ice, logging, 
and backwater. Statements are also made regarding the accuracy 
and reliability of the data. 



32 WATER EESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

The discharge-measurement table gives the results of the discharge 
measurements made during the year, including the date, gage height, 
and discharge in second-feet. 

The table of daily gage heights gives the daily fluctuations of the 
surface of the river as found from the mean of the gage readings 
taken each day. The gage height given in the table represents the 
elevation of the surface of the water above the zero of the gage. All 
gage heights during ice periods, backwater from obstructions, etc., 
are published as recorded, with suitable footnotes. The rating is not 
applicable for such periods unless the proper correction to the gage 
heights is known and applied. 

The discharge measurements and gage heights are the base data 
from which the rating tables and monthly discharge tables are com- 
puted. 

The rating table gives, either directly or by interpolation, the dis- 
charge in second-feet corresponding to every stage of the river 
recorded during the period for which it is applicable. It is published 
to enable engineers to determine the daily discharge by its appli- 
cation to the table of gage heights or to check results in the table of 
monthly discharge. 

In the table of monthly discharge the column headed '^ Maximum '* 
gives the mean flow, as determined from the rating table, for the day 
when the mean gage height was highest. As the gage height is the 
mean for the day, it does not indicate correctly the period when the 
water surface was at crest height and the corresponding discharge 
consequently larger than given in this column. Likewise, in the 
column headed ''Minimum" the quantity given is the mean flow for 
the day when the mean gage hetght was lowest. The column 
headed ''Mean" is the average flow in cubic feet for each second 
during the month. On this the computations for the remaining col- 
umns, which are defined on pages 32-33, are based. 

DEFINITION OF TERMS. 

The volume of water flowing in a stream — the "run-off" or "dis- 
charge" — is expressed in various terms, each of which has become 
associated with a certain class of work. These terms may be divided 
into two groups: (1) Those which represent a rate of flow, as second- 
feet, and run-off in second-feet per square mile, and (2) those which 
represent the actual quantity of water, as run-off in depth in inches. 
They may be defined as follows: 

"Second-foot" is an abbreviation for cubic foot per second and is 
the rate of discharge of water flowing in a stream 1 foot wide, 1 foot 
deep, at a rate of 1 foot per second. 

"Second-feet per square mile" is the average number of cubic 
feet of water flowing per second from each square mile of area drained, 



STREAM FLOW. 



33 



on the assumption that the run-off is distributed uniformly both as 
regards time and area. 

'^Run-off in inches" is the depth to which the drainage area would 
be covered if all the water flowing from it in a given period were con- 
served and uniformly distributed on the surface. It is used for com- 
paring run-off with rainfall, which is usually expressed in depth in 
inches. 

LOCATION OF STATIONS. 

The location of the various gaging stations for which data regard- 
ing flow are here given is indicated on Plate I by letters, and in the 

following table: 

Gaging stations in Penobscot basin. 



Letter on 
Plate I. 


River. 


Location. 


Date estab- 
Ushed. 


EstabUshed by- 


A 


West Branch of Penob- 
scot. 
Penobscot 


MilUnocket 


Jan. 11,1901 

Nov. 5,1901 
Oct. 23,1902 

Aug. 26,1902 
Aug. 17,1902 
June 14,1904 

Sept. 15,1908 
July 7, 1904 

July 19,1904 

do 


Great Northern Paper Co. 

furnish records. 
U. S. Geol. Survey. 
Do. 


B 


West Enfield 





East Branch of Penob- 
scot. 
Mattawamkeag 




D 

E 


Mattawamkeag 


Do. 
Do. 


F 


Cold Stream * 


Enfield 


U. S. Geol. Survey. Discon- 
tinued Dec. 31, 1906. 

U. S. Geol. Survey. 

U. S. Geol. Survey. Discon- 
tinued July 1, 1908. 
Do. 

Do. 


G 


Kenduskeag 


Near Bangor 


H 


PhilUps Lake, north 
outlet. 

Phillips Lake, south- 
east outlet.o 

Phillips Lake 


East Holden 


H 

H 


Near Lake House 

Near East Holden 













a Read only at times of visits of the hydrographers. 
WEST BRANCH OF PENOBSCOT RIVER AT MILLINOCKET. 

The discharge of Penobscot River at the Millinocket mill of the 
Great Northern Paper Co. has been computed and the data have been 
furnished since 1901 by H. S. Ferguson, engineer for the company. 
The Millinocket site was developed by placing a concrete dam on the 
Penobscot at the outlet of Quakish Lake (see PL V), a little over a 
mile from the mill site on Millinocket Stream, which enters the Penob- 
scot about 4J miles below Quakish Lake. Millinocket Stream has 
only a slight fall but the main river drops some 112 feet in this vicinity, 
and by utilizing the stream for a tailrace a head of about 110 feet has 
been obtained. 

About 3 miles above Quakish Lake dam is the comparatively new 
North Twin Lake storage dam, affording about 14.5 billion cubic feet 
of storage. Quakish Lake dam is at an elevation of 456.3 feet above 
sea level, as determined by the Penobscot River survey of 1904. 

Records are obtained by considering the flow through the wheels, 
the flow over the Quakish Lake dam, and water used from time to 
time by the log sluice, filters, etc. The wheels were rated at Hol- 
yoke, Mass., before being placed in position. As the head under 
which they work, averaging about 110 feet, is much greater than the 
15042°— wsp 279—12 3 



34 WATER RESOUECES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

head under which they were tested, numerous tube-float measure- 
ments of flow in the canal leading to the mill have been made by Mr. 
Ferguson in order to determine just how much water the mill used 
under different gate openings. In addition to this, during 1904 a 
series of current-meter measurements were made by the United 
States Geological Survey to check results obtained by the floats and 
to obtain a suitable coefficient for use with the float measurements. 
It is believed that these various checks on the measurements insure a 
good estimate of the flow through the wheels. 

. An automatic recording gage of the Friez type is installed at 
Quakish Lake dam and flow is computed by the formula Q = chJi^ in 
which c is a variable coefficient obtained (1) from the results of weir 
measurements made by Mr. Ferguson on a 10-foot portion of the 
dam, and (2) from a study of the results of experiments made by 
George W. Rafter at the Cornell testing flume. 

When the flow of the river is less than 2,500 second-feet all the 
water is generally used through the mill; flow over the flashboards, 
which are used much of the time, is computed by use of the formula 
Q=3.33&R 

Several storage dams, including the North Twin dam previously 
mentioned, which have been constructed at points in the basin above 
this mill, store water on a surface of about 65 square miles, with a 
capacity of about 30 billion cubic feet. Except during the time 
(usually in August) that excess water has to be applied for log driv- 
ing on the river below Millinocket and for a short time in the spring 
the run-off is regulated by storage. Further storage sufficient to 
practically control the run-off from the drained area above Milli- 
nocket is contemplated by the Great Northern Paper Co. Milli- 
nocket Lake is now being used for power storage at the new mills of 
the company at East Millinocket and Dolby. It has been utilized 
for log driving for many years. 

The records of the discharge at Millinocket are under the personal 
supervision of Mr. Ferguson, are carefully kept, and are rated as 
excellent. No difficulty is experienced in winter on account of ice 
affecting the estimates of discharge or the running of the wheels. 
Ferguson Pond, just above the entrance to the canal, eliminates effect 
from anchor ice. 

The maximum daily discharge — 24,250 second-feet — since the 
beginning of the records occurred April 1 and 2, 1903; the minimum 
weekly discharge, not considering periods when water was not in use 
at the mill, was 291 second-feet from January 28 to February 3, 1904. 

The Millinocket mill of the Great Northern Paper Co,, with nearly 
25,000 horsepower of wheel installation, has a daily output of about 
300 tons of pulp and 300 tons of paper, and is doubtless the largest 
mill in the world. At East Millinocket and Dolby, about 10 miles 



U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 



WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 279 PLATE V 




A. QUAKISH LAKE DAM OF GREAT NORTHERN PAPER CO., NEAR MILLINOCKET. 




B. GRINDER ROOM IN MILLINOCKET MILL OF GREAT NORTHERN PAPER CO. 



STEEAM FLOW. 



35 



down river, are other mills of this company, constructed during 1907. 
utilizing over 15,000 horsepower of wheels, with a daily capacity of 
about 180 tons of pulp and 130 tons of paper. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of West Branch of Penobscot River at Millinochet, 

1901-1909. 



Jan. 



Feb. 



Mar. 



Apr. 



May. 



June. 



July. 



Aug. 



Sept. 



Get. 



Nov. 



1,310 

960 

a 1,200 

1,500 

1,460 

1,310 
1,260 
1,430 
1,450 
al,390 

1,500 
1,780 
1,000 
1,700 
1,410 

2,060 
al,560 
1,590 
1,390 
1,170 
1,600 

2,230 

2,860 
2,160 
2,160 
o2, 130 

2,010 

2,040 
2,010 
2,020 
1,950 

1,740 
a2,030 
2,030 
2,030 
2,020 

2,190 
2,030 
1,910 
a2,560 
1,980 

1,950 
1,970 
2,070 
1,960 
2,080 

o2,660 
1,950 
1,800 
3,270 
2,170 
2,160 



1,580 
1,670 
a2,250 
1,410 
1,840 

1,630 
1,210 
1,660 
1,910 
al, 480 

1,050 
1,740 
2,360 
1,890 
1,860 

2,000 
ai,230 
1,650 
1,440 
1,550 

1,390 
1,760 
1.450 
al,60U 
1,640 

1,330 
1,420 
1,600 



1,930 
a2,630 
2,180 
2,090 
2,110 

2,040 
2,100 
1,940 
03,440 
2,120 

2,020 
2,000 
2,060 
1,970 
1,870 

f73,090 
3,370 
2,060 
2,110 
2,120 

2,130 
2,020 
a3,440 
2,110 
2,120 

2,130 
2,140 
2,120 



1,740 
1,510 
al,450 
1,680 
1,930 

1,510 
1,410 
1,300 
1,160 
al,470 



1,710 
1,370 
1,680 
2,000 
1,920 

2,180 

02,800 

3,210 



1,93 
1,510 
1,510 
1,720 
1,510 

2,030 
al,450 
1,610 
1,770 
1,830 

1,410 
1,370 
1,420 
ol,480 
1,780 

1,910 
1,510 
1,940 
1,940 
1,990 
ol,350 

2,140 
a2,110 
2,110 
2,110 
2,110 

2,100 
2,180 
2,340 
a2,350 
2,530 

2,320 
2,820 
2,820 
2,700 
2,690 

o2,500 
5,500 
5,390 
6,430 
6,960 

8,760 
8,580 
08,190 
9,950 
9,910 

9,790 
9,820 
9,790 
9,840 
09,970 
9,970 



01^ 



4,420 

5,430 
6,030 
5,920 
06,400 
8,610 

8,880 
9,860 
12,390 
12,320 
14,020 

ol5,770 
17,230 
19,210 
11,360 
10,410 

10,650 
20,040 
022,110 
20,360 
20,240 



13,150 
14,110 
13,820 
13,380 
14,050 

014,050 
15,030 
14, 120 
13,240 
13,180 

13,170 
13,070 
013,340 
13,210 
12,310 

12,400 
12,390 
12,010 
6,770 
08,380 

9,030 
7,840 
7,940 
7,950 
9,740 

10,180 
011,330 
11,740 
11,190 
11,200 



20,220 
19,360 
18,030 
17,240 
016,280 

15,030 
14,000 
9,240 
6,130 
5,280 

3,410 
02,740 
2,790 
2,930 
3,130 

3,320 
4,130 
3,830 
04,650 
4,750 

3,250 
2,260 
2,010 
1,520 
1,780 

ol,890 
3,440 
2,690 
2,980 
2,570 
3,050 

11,180 
11,180 
11,190 
011,070 
11,420 

12,600 
12,580 
15,030 
13,380 
12,960 

014,840 
12,140 
12,150 
10,470 
16,920 

6,350 
6,220 
o9,590 
9,050 
7,680 

5,880 
8,820 
8,920 
8,800 
06,220 

5,940 
8,260 
3,090 
3,120 
3,110 
3,110 



2,580 
o2,680 
2,760 
2,440 
2,550 

2,430 
2,550 
2,680 
o2, 540 
2,770 

2,770 
2,480 
2,780 
2,960 
3,200 

o3,370 
3,370 
2,350 
2,240 
2,450 

2,390 
2,360 
o2,570 
2,400 
2,800 

2,710 
2,560 
2,280 
2,760 
o2,860 



o4, 130 
2,890 
5,430 
6,300 

11,600 

11,600 
12,440 
017,240 
20,040 
19,370 

20,590 
20,230 
17,510 
15,590 
011,860 

11,600 
10,870 
10,980 
7,710 
9,560 

3,210 
03,930 
3,930 
3,570 
3,290 

3,290 
3,270 
3,900 
o2,970 
2,870 



2,580 
2,490 
2,680 
3,310 
1,540 

1,930 
02,420 
2,710 
2,390 
2,600 

2,450 
2,630 
3,450 
o2,830 
6,790 

3,820 
4,010 
3,520 
7,600 
8,140 

o3,850 
6,880 
3,310 
2,270 
2,380 

2,120 
2,860 
c2,260 
6,250 
6,250 
3,240 

3,040 

2,820 

2,580 

460 

330 

ol,420 
2,560 
2,570 
2,570 
2,560 

2,560 
2,560 
02,380 
2,550 
2,570 

2,550 
2,560 
2,500 
2,540 
o2,290 

2,550 
2,550 
2,550 
2,560 
2,550 

2,530 
02,370 
2,560 
2,800 
2,590 
2,700 



1,800 
1,980 
1,690 
12,830 
1,760 

2,000 
1,910 
2,860 
3,960 
3,930 

f6,500 
6,440 
2,030 
1,940 
2,060 

2,200 
1,980 
o2,910 
2,160 
2,040 

2,040 
1,990 
1,970 
1,980 
o2,020 

4,880 
2,700 
1,910 
1,950 
1,790 
1,910 



2,520 
2,520 
a, 570 
2,540 
2,440 

2,540 
2,560 
2,510 
2,980 
02,820 

2,250 
2,450 
2,430 
2,410 
2,500 

2,430 
o2,010 
2,220 
2,260 
4,380 

4,330 
4,310 
3,870 
ol,890 
2,480 

2,280 
2,460 
2,410 
2,330 
2,450 
ol,930 



o2,310 
3,600 
3,280 
2,130 
1,940 

1,930 
1,810 
03,750 
3,110 
1,940 

1,880 
1,970 
1,940 
1.820 
o3,860 

3,880 
1,950 
3,010 
3,980 
3,360 

3,150 
o4,470 
4,050 
1,930 
1,910 

1,920 
1,960 
1,830 
ol,360 
1,960 



2,300 
2,640 
2,160 
2,540 
2,190 

2,150 
ol,790 
2,420 
2,180 
2,420 

2,380 
2,170 
2,070 
ol,780 
2,100 

2,110 
2,520 
2,110 
2,070 
2,060 

ol,910 
2,120 
2,080 
2,120 
2,130 

2,140 
2,110 
ol,870 
2,090 
2,480 



2,000 
1,960 
1,960 
1,950 
1,540 

ol,740 
1,990 
1,940 
1,960 
1,950 

1,600 
1,240 
O980 
1,530 
1,320 

1,250 
1,130 
1,470 
1,650 
ol,420 

1,020 
990 

1,120 
790 

1,060 

1,010 
0610 
840 
730 
750 
780 

2,140 
2,030 
2,070 
2,090 
o2,330 

2,540 
2,410 
2,200 
2,250 
2,290 

2,140 
ol,940 
2,110 
2,450 
2,150 

2,770 
2,420 
2,640 
o2,330 
2,460 

2,180 



760 
690 
O570 
710 
760 

700 
510 
490 
330 
ol,090 

1,020 
760 
630 

1,230 
760 

750 
o380 
790 
720 
440 

450 
450 
360 
O390 
400 

450 



450 
810 



2,240 
o2,090 
4,800 
2,410 
2,410 

2,530 
2,580 
2,220 
o2,220 
2,510 

2,470 
2,480 
2,090 
2,520 
2,440 
o2, 540 
2,650 
2,570 
2,500 
2,540 

2,410 

2,390 

ol,350 



150 
2,570 
2,590 
2,160 
2,520 



ol,440 



a Sunday. 



36 



WATER RESOUECES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of West Branch of Penobscot River at Millinochet, 
1901-1909— Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1903.a 
1.... 


1,740 


61,210 


6 890 


24,250 


10,340 


1,680 


2,670 


2,330 


2,500 


1,380 


6 50 


50 


2.... 


1,750 


1,140 


1,130 


24,250 


11,060 


2,290 


2,540 


6 5,800 


3,060 


1,410 


510 


50 


3.... 


1,740 


2,280 


2,040 


22,050 


610,610 


2,160 


2,440 


1,410 


3,340 


1,350 


510 


50 


4 


6 740 


2,310 


1,810 


20,930 


11,670 


2,510 


1,570 


2,520 


2,430 


6 830 


520 


50 


5.... 


1,240 


2,020 


1,960 


620,470 


12,290 


2,440 


61,020 


2,550 


2,480 


1,190 


510 


50 


6.... 


1,780 


2,120 


2,160 


19,630 


10,330 


2,370 


1,910 


2,520 


61,500 


400 


520 


650 


7.... 


1,720 


2,220 


2,130 


21,710 


9,790 


6 1,230 


2,380 


2,350 


410 


990 


580 


50 


8.... 


1,690 


61,460 


a 750 


17,850 


9,290 


1,220 


2,160 


2,460 


1,120 


990 


6 240 


230 


a.... 


1,770 


1,130 


1,210 


12,590 


10,490 


2,350 


3,190 


6 6,550 


2,330 


980 


530 


550 


10.... 


1,820 


2,140 


1,790 


10,960 


610,650 


2,350 


3,260 


1,340 


2,390 


990 


510 


650 


11.... 


6 810 


2,220 


1,690 


9,730 


9,860 


2,420 


2,490 


6,750 


2,450 


6 400 


550 


840 


12.... 


1,190 


2,240 


1,680 


610,130 


10,360 


2,460 


6 2,210 


2,560 


2,260 


970 


540 


570 


13.... 


1,990 


2,200 


1,900 


9,120 


9,390 


2,510 


1,360 


2,550 


6 1,970 


960 


680 


6 360 


14.... 


1,690 


2,210 


4,400 


9,760 


6,930 


6 1,280 


3,340 


5,050 


1,790 


950 


550 


540 


15.... 


1,660 


61,070 


61,830 


9,800 


5,940 


1,610 


2,450 


5,430 


2,460 


860 


6 50 


560 


16.... 


1,720 


1,100 


1,440 


9,680 


5,940 


2,450 


2,540 


6 4,430 


1,840 


900 


580 


750 


17.... 


1,720 


2,160 


2,780 


9,760 


6 8,310 


2,410 


2,480 


4,800 


2,310 


750 


960 


670 


18.... 


6 790 


2,180 


2,210 


9,700 


4,970 


2,520 


2,540 


6,100 


2,120 


6 460 


570 


530 


19.... 


1,050 


2,080 


2,490 


6 9,470 


5,370 


2,550 


6 2,290 


5,500 


2,200 


720 


750 


570 


20.-.. 


2,050 


2,120 


2,890 


9,600 


2,430 


2,560 


2,360 


5,910 


6 1,410 


730 


730 


6 550 


21.... 


2,070 


2,190 


2,960 


10,920 


2,430 


6 1,900 


1,400 


3,780 


1,240 


740 


570 


560 


22. . . . 


1,980 


61,000 


6 5,680 


10,900 


2,280 


750 


2,500 


2,240 


2,430 


730 


6 50 


890 


23.... 


1,720 


1,190 


4,460 


10,870 


2,410 


2,610 


2,550 


6 1,300 


2,090 


630 


50 


960 


24.... 


1,640 


2,140 


6,150 


10,820 


6 1,670 


2,5^0 


2,550 


1,830 


1,790 


640 


50 


510 


25. . . . 


6 460 


1,900 


10,390 


10,520 


1,520 


2,470 


2,500 


2,470 


1,750 


6 230 


50 


50 


26.... 


1,220 


1,940 


14,960 


6 9,100 


2,410 


2,530 


6 5,170 


2,650 


1,780 


630 


50 


50 


27.... 


2,220 


1,850 


17,030 


12,340 


2,360 


2,420 


2,000 


2,720 


6 690 


600 


60 


6 400 


28.... 


2,160 


2,170 


17,810 


10,780 


2,470 


6 1,220 


2,460 


2,610 


760 


570 


180 


430 


29.... 


2,330 




619,580 


11,030 


2,390 


1,290 


2,580 


2,380 


1,160 


490 


650 


600 


30.... 


2,330 




19,790 


10,340 


2,480 


2,400 


2,410 


6 1,720 


1,390 


510 


50 


570 


31.... 


1,610 




20,960 




6 1,610 




1,990 


660 




520 




560 


1904. 
1.... 


237 


413 


403 


315 


6(2,036) 


4,705 


4,088 


2,366 


2,027 


3,005 


2,255 


(2,136) 


2.... 


141 


360 


407 


284 


2,266 


4,566 


4,894 


4.977 


2,389 


(2,596) 


2,261 


2,261 


3.... 


6159 


410 


416 


6 560 


2,294 


4,247 


6 4,490 


4,988 


2,020 


2,186 


2,251 


2,292 


4.... 


417 


401 


389 


338 


2,150 


4,151 


4,520 


4,982 


6 2,653 


(2,242) 


2,326 


6 2,204 


5.... 


405 


409 


414 


221 


2,297 


6 4,844 


4,247 


4,958 


2,420 


2,298 


2,336 


2,285 


6.... 


421 


403 


6109 


582 


2,332 


4,746 


4,309 


2,424 


2,014 


2,026 


6 2,298 


2,250 


7....- 


436 


6 200 


368 


1,013 


2,326 


5,345 


4,330 


6 2,077 


2,018 


2,313 


2,271 


2,002 


8.... 


392 


436 


404 


681 


6 2,116 


4,900 


2,^48 


2,308 


2,026 


2,363 


2,347 


2,359 


9.... 


398 


415 


392 


702 


(2, 176) 


4,353 


6 4,535 


4,913 


1,996 


6 2,350 


2,367 


2.366 


10.... 


6 385 


448 


397 


6 436 


2,235 


4,353 


2,031 


4,936 


2,024 


2,437 


2,331 


(2,338) 


11.... 


430 


423 


391 


639 


2,306 


4,209 


3,386 


4,936 


6 2,390 


2,077 


2,318 


6(2,310) 


12.... 


393 


438 


492 


1,019 


2,332 


6 4,197 


3,076 


4,939 


2,331 


2,062 


2,355 


(2,283) 


13.... 


345 


430 


6 467 


995 


2,315 


4,730 


3,068 


4,924 


2,041 


2,341 


6 2,394 


(2, 256) 


14.... 


244 


6198 


737 


1,087 


2,384 


3,848 


2,219 


^4,659 


2,400 


2,048 


2,310 


(2,228) 
(2,200) 


15. - . . 


362 


411 


724 


973 


6 5,100 


3,193 


2,010 


4,789 


2,019 


2,005 


(2,307) 


16.... 


438 


433 


828 


859 


5,010 


2,433 


2,007 


4,937 


2,023 


6 2,311 


(2,305) 


2,000 


17.... 


6 216 


434 


799 


61,095 


10,255 


2,415 


6 3,093 


4,959 


(2,092) 


2,015 


(2,302) 


2,250 


18.. . 


376 


434 


421 


1,056 


11,314 


2,417 


2,031 


4,921 


6 2,162 


2,026 


(2,300) 


6 2,005 


19.... 


332 


433 


793 


1,094 


11,682 


6 2,277 


2,392 


2,347 


2,339 


2,423 


(2,297) 


2,010 


20. . . . 


205 


403 


6 488 


1,112 


11,673 


2,418 


2,906 


2,014 


2,025 


2,042 


(2,295) 


(2,009) 


21.... 


428 


6188 


788 


1,108 


10,671 


2,434 


4,097 


6 2,027 


2,018 


2,059 


2,293 


(2,008) 
(2,005) 


22.... 


414 


200 


814 


1,473 


6 7,043 


2,454 


2,420 


2,178 


2,327 


2,049 


2,291 


23.... 


297 


200 


462 


1,457 


7,324 


2,433 


2,037 


2,008 


(2,289) 


6 2,015 


2.289 


(2,004) 


24. . . . 


6149 


275 


470 


6 1,072 


9,276 


2,424 


6 3,658 


2,378 


(2,250) 


2,310 


2,255 


2.003 


25. . . . 


450 


426 


453 


1,473 


8,645 


3,125 


2,005 


2,017 


6 2,212 


2,403 


(2, .355) 


6 2,000 


26.... 


416 


415 


818 


1,463 


5,266 


6 5,028 


2,019 


2,002 


2,005 


2,055 


(2,455) 


22,549 


27. . . . 


431 


404 


6 615 


1,469 


4,737 


4,757 


3,663 


2,000 


2,002 


2,067 


6 2,555 


2,003 


28. . . . 


214 


6189 


623 


1,807 


3,710 


4,171 


(3,676) 


6 2,312 


2,023 


2,077 


2,302 


2,012 


29.... 


238 


368 


408 


1,802 


6 3,831 


3,106 


(3,690) 


2,022 


2,003 


2,027 


2,003 


C2,150) 


JO.... 


249 




444 


1,805 


5,142 


2,488 


3,703 


2,035 


2,010 


(2,103) 


2,010 


2,287 


n.... 


6 150 




420 




5,448 




6 2,005 


2,119 




(2,179) 




2,002 



a Mill shut down Nov. 1, 5, and 22 to Dec. 
6 Sunday. 

Note.— Values in parentheses interpolated. 



5, inclusive, and Dec. 25 and 26, 1903. 



STREAM FLOW. 



37 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of West Branch of Penobscot River at Millinochet, 
1901-1909— Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1905. 
1.... 


a2,235 


2,122 


2,577 


1,299 


2,504 


8,906 


2,063 


4,712 


2,395 


o2,235 


428 


452 


2...- 


2,396 


2,132 


2,108 


o 1,018 


2,548 


7,372 


3,922 


4,817 


2,392 


2,510 


453 


451 


3.... 


2,143 


2,137 


2,119 


1,278 


2,521 


2,553 


2,627 


4,971 


2,300 


2,505 


437 


0332 


4 


2,125 


1,970 


2,181 


1,287 


2,519 


o2,448 


2,300 


4,981 


2,207 


2,420 


437 


452 


5...- 


2,145 


02,355 


o2,266 


1,282 


2,532 


2,088 


2,738 


4,607 


2,200 


1,993 


348 


453 


6.... 


2,161 


2,142 


2,190 


1,685 


2,536 


2,109 


2,677 


04, 077 


2,352 


2,080 


439 


448 


7-.-. 


2,163 


2,150 


2,129 


2,106 


02, 329 


2,094 


2,046 


4,294 


2,356 


2,088 


437 


457 


8.-.. 


a2,186 


2,151 


2,020 


2,119 


2,523 


■2,110 


2,044 


4,766 


2,381 


1,965 


438 


456 


9.... 


2,165 


2,151 


1,965 


o2,152 


2,529 


2,105 


02, 054 


5,297 


2,086 


2,081 


444 


445 


10.... 


2,174 


2,063 


1,972 


2,138 


2,524 


2,093 


2,058 


4,393 


02, 063 


2,091 


440 


0315 


11.... 


2,595 


2,524 


1,987 


2,426 


2,527 


02, 463 


3,599 


2,232 


2,068 


2,095 


456 


435 


12.... 


2,155 


a2,465 


o 1,883 


2,544 


6,185 


2,416 


2,063 


2,028 


2,075 


2,090 


0359 


408 


13.... 


2,145 


2,158 


1,968 


2,545 


6,658 


2,094 


2,066 


02,111 


2,072 


2,098 


470 


440 


14.... 


2,140 


2,169 


1,960 


2,540 


05, 646 


2,524 


2,061 


2,234 


2,068 


2,090 


465 


444 


15.... 


o2,254 


2,160 


1,198 


2,542 


7,187 


2,111 


2,061 


2,074 


2,070 


1,970 


455 


436 


16.... 


2,318 


2,174 


2,201 


o2,625 


7,186 


2,104 


o2,855 


2,358 


2,072 


2,070 


462 


427 


17.... 


2,113 


2,157 


2,039 


2,575 


7,107 


2,085 


2,322 


3,285 


1,944 


1,661 


424 


O303 


18.... 


2,165 


2,032 


1,728 


2,528 


7,660 


02, 367 


2,045 


3,159 


2,415 


1,656 


450 


425 


19.... 


2,165 


a2,232 


o 1,125 


2,535 


8,492 


2,092 


2,035 


3,170 


2,420 


1,663 


0343 


431 


20.... 


2,191 


2,143 


1,368 


2,516 


8,378 


2,088 


2,015 


02,595 


2,090 


1,411 


470 


432 


21.... 


2,169 


2,163 


1,266 


2,526 


08, 844 


2,058 


2,058 


2,253 


2,500 


716 


453 


432 


22. . . . 


a2,463 


2,169 


1,279 


2,482 


8,181 


2,066 


2,048 


2,051 


2,488 


0358 


464 


428 


23.... 


2,475 


2,164 


1,264 


o2,376 


7,619 


2,078 


02,343 


2,064 


2,495 


430 


456 


425 


24. . . . 


2,169 


2,192 


1,290 


2,460 


7,800 


2,477 


2,348 


2,048 


02, 505 


421 


443 


0I73 


25.... 


2,141 


2,163 


1,787 


2,530 


8,006 


02,477 


2,084 


2,037 


2,510 


422 


445 


140 


26.... 


2,137 


02,273 


o 1,038 


2,521 


9,078 


2,070 


2,068 


2,050 


2,508 


429 


364 


428 


27.... 


2,545 


2,191 


1,305 


2,516 


8,862 


3,570 


2,053 


02, 042 


2,522 


430 


424 


438 


28.... 


2,066 


2,164 


1,296 


2,509 


09,435 


1,973 


2,038 


2,180 


2,520 


441 


356 


444 


29.... 


rt2,165 




1,308 


2,527 


9,330 


2,476 


2,057 


2,034 


2,522 


0355 


448 


444 


30.... 


2,425 




1,280 


o2,429 


9,171 


2,491 


03, 283 


2,036 


2,510 


435 


441 


449 


31.... 


2,133 




1,299 




9,059 




4,184 


2,227 




438 




0444 


1906. 
1.... 


342 


992 


656 


o548 


2,541 


5,071 


07, 619 


5,830 


2,042 


2,054 


2,075 


2,041 


2.... 


363 


833 


643 


634 


2,511 


5,051 


7,708 


6,329 


0(2,020) 


2,041 


2,071 


0(2,044) 


3.... 


351 


943 


674 


636 


2,511 


04, 836 


2,431 


4,015 


1,999 


2,043 


2,059 


0(2,048) 


4.... 


364 


o480 


571 


636 


2,511 


4,579 


3,554 


3,641 


0(1,996) 


2,039 


0(2,034) 


2,051 


5.... 


349 


998 


791 


616 


2,508 


4,236 


4,062 


03, 699 


1,994 


2,042 


2,009 


2,044 


6.... 


368 


918 


782 


637 


o(2,495) 


6,047 


2,752 


3,983 


1,983 


2,028 


2,055 


2,043 


7.... 


ol95 


843 


784 


628 


2,482 


2,944 


2,531 


4,015 


1,984 


0(2,006) 
1,983 


2,025 


2,027 


8.... 


349 


607 


821 


556 


2,493 


2,911 


05,155 


4,104 


2,035 


2,082 


2,044 


9.... 


343 


686 


785 


644 


2,493 


3,328 


4,882 


4,614 


0(2,037) 


2,043 


2,083 


1,988 


10.... 


355 


835 


776 


624 


2,702 


05,973 


2,534 


4,540 


2,039 


2,034 


2,078 


2,044 


11.... 


360 


o554 


549 


641 


2,516 


6,155 


2,521 


4,270 


2,036 


2,031 


0(2,068) 


1,993 


12.... 


358 


800 


789 


636 


2,671 


6,028 


3,927 


04,027 


2,034 


0(2,036) 


2,057 


2,019 


13.... 


355 


802 


792 


640 


04, 138 


4,797 


5,402 


4,062 


2,039 


2,042 


2,075 


2,030 


14.... 


o259 


763 


704 


637 


5,422 


2,753 


4,588 


3,334 


2,055 


0(2,040) 


2,074 


2,025 


15.... 


374 


634 


551 


O520 


9,400 


3,510 


o2,893 


2,575 


2,032 


2,038 


2,075 


2,022 


16.... 


373 


645 


795 


1,122 


15,769 


6,551 


2,479 


2,575 


o2,030 


2,040 


2,074 


a(2,027) 


17.... 


374 


791 


618 


1,061 


17,972 


03,667 


2,504 


2,575 


2,041 


2,030 


2,062 


2,032 


18.... 


363 


0516 


o634 


1,030 


18,635 


3,737 


2,502 


2,575 


2,039 


2,045 


0(2,056) 


2,032 


19.... 


357 


811 


802 


1,198 


18,110 


4,781 


2,492 


02, 618 


2,035 


2,042 


2,050 


2,030 


20.... 


363 


640 


801 


1,202 


ol5,819 


4,573 


2,494 


2,575 


2,044 


.2,034 


2,054 


2,033 


21.... 


a 230 


657 


651 


1,249 


11,154 


6,230 


2,492 


2,575 


2,024 


0(2,034) 


2,063 


2,047 


22.... 


343 


818 


646 


ol,055 


4,068 


6,694 


03,322 


2,575 


2,032 


2,033 


2,056 


2,004 


23.... 


347 


647 


654 


2,036 


6,815 


5,313 


2,502 


2,299 


0(2,030) 


2,037 


2,055 


o2,024 


24. . . . 


350 


825 


653 


2,044 


11,800 


03,495 


2,421 


2,030 


2,029 


2,032 


2,056 


2,030 


25.... 


352 


483 


557 


2,372 


9,376 


6,062 


2,493 


2,043 


2,031 


2,038 


0(2,052) 


2,035 


26. . . . 


360 


795 


652 


2,494 


6,655 


6,380 


2,513 


o2,039 


2,052 


2,039 


(2,049) 


2,040 


27.... 


356 


790 


636 


2,490 


05,505 


6,314 


2,690 


2,035 


2,040 


2,045 


(2,046) 


2,045 


28.... 


a 256 


786 


637 


2.502 


5,885 


4,250 


4,188 


2,037 


2,045 


o2,055 


2,043 


2,051 


29.... 


726 




635 


0(2; 499) 


5,379 


5,428 


03, 692 


2,030 


2,025 


2,065 


2,039 


2,063 


30.... 


1,075 




643 


2,495 


6,319 


2,887 


5,556 


2,031 


0(2,040) 


2,032 


2,031 


o2,055 


31.... 


1,195 




635 




5,098 




5,578 


2,028 




2,032 




2,057 



Note.— Values in parentheses interpolated. 



a Sunday. 



38 WATER RESOUECES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of West Branch of Penobscot River at Millinochet, 
1901-1909— Qont\miQ&. 



Day. 



1907. 



1908. 



Jan. 



2,067 
2,064 
2,068 
2,068 
2,066 

{ah) 
2,075 
2,066 
2,070 
2,067 

2,055 
2,049 
{ah) 
2,002 
2,000 

2,000 

(^) 

(^) 

2,052 

{ah) 

2,000 
2,000 
2,000 
2,000 
2,000 

2,002 
{ah) 
2,018 
2,023 
2,029 
2,019 



3,570 

3,545 
3,400 
3,435 
a2,482 

3.144 
3,160 
3,455 
3,367 
3,474 

3,427 
a2, 878 
3,231 
3,449 
3,519 

3,524 

3,487 
3,408 
a2, 772 
2,437 

3,072 
3,117 
3,147 
3,094 
3,034 

«1,160 
2,395 
3,039 
3,112 
3,126 
3,120 



Feb. 



2,018 
2,033 
{ah) 
2,000 
2,000 

2,008 
2,005 
2,014 
2,006 
{ah) 

2,007 
2,000 
2,007 
1,741 
1,235 

1,252 
al,008 
1,241 
1,241 
1,231 

1,244 
1,252 
1,255 
a 753 



819 

825 



3,115 

al,650 

2,341 

3,030 



3,104 
3,093 
3,119 
al,660 
2,346 

3,052 
3,042 
3,081 
2,945 
2,949 

a2,505 
2,722 
2,937 
2,934 
2,961 

3,101 
3,146 

''2, 635 
2,852 
3,098 

3,102 
3,103 
3,117 
3,195 



Mar. 



849 
812 
o475 
804 
807 

488 
328 
328 
326 
a 202 

337 
324 
328 
333 
320 

333 
200 
337 
277 
314 

325 
321 
316 
a 193 
317 

323 
318 
320 
319 
317 
al97 



a 2, 803 
3,049 
2,925 
2,244 
2,517 

3,164 
3,157 
2,685 
2,899 
3,111 

3,169 
3,160 
3,135 
3,126 
a 2, 686 

2,965 
3,129 
3,096 
3,167 
3,184 

3,060 
a 2, 851 
2,954 
3,135 
3,096 

3,106 
3,151 
3,147 
a 2, 683 
2,938 
3,125 



Apr. 



324 
451 
657 
644 
1,028 

1,228 
682 
1,124 
1,241 
960 

824 
1,096 
1,258 
a 747 
1,497 

1,674 
1,668 
1,659 
1,656 
1,661 

o832 
1,847 
2,420 
2,518 
2,523 

2,450 
2,435 
{ah) 
2,340 
2,331 



3,130 
3,105 
2,997 
2,753 
a 2, 556 

3,212 
3,692 
3,778 
3,689 
3,497 

3,421 
a 3, 158 
3,470 
3,551 
3,363 

2,649 
2,595 
2,550 
a 2, 190 
2,577 

2,686 
2,869 
2,581 
2,421 
2,443 

2,201 
2,712 
2,821 
2,621 
2,619 



May. 



2,507 
2,519 
2,523 
2,740 
o3,486 

4,470 
4,718 
4,713 
5,110 
4,378 



04,459 
4,184 
4,819 
5,563 

7,727 
6,840 
7,778 
07,732 
7,355 

7,801 
7,376 
7,528 
7,943 



ol2,208 
14, 255 
12, 952 
13,163 
13, 671 
15,205 



2,680 
2,550 
02, 376 
2,431 
2,923 

3,049 
2,545 
2,575 
2,593 
ol0,835 

14,928 
17,370 
17,393 
17,396 

17,587 

18,705 
018,350 
16,831 
16,253 
16,299 

14,757 
13,501 
13,002 
0I2, 794 
8,840 

6,472 
8,516 
8,434 
7,476 
7,272 
08,223 



June. 



13,220 

olO, 573 

8,443 

7,787 
7,616 

9,916 

8,567 

7,763 

07,393 

7,986 

6,077 
5,705 
5,699 
5,915 
6,131 

05,907 
6,280 
6,173 
6,273 
6,374 

4,704 

5,607 

02,743 

3,205 



6,815 
6,955 
6,943 
7,307 
06, 824 



10,533 
12,498 
12,864 
12,326 
10,329 

9,626 
09,237 
8,926 
9,193 
9,326 

9,481 
9,462 
8,724 
07,030 
6,890 

4,061 
4,640 
4,510 
4,490 
4,505 

04,331 
3,600 
4,841 
4,449 

2,885 

3,170 
3,123 
a 3, 482 
5,228 
4,498 



July. 



6,923 
7,076 
7,323 
6,102 
6,146 

6,964 
06, 425 
6,264 
6,852 
6,210 

4,868 
2,853 
4,260 
06, 408 
6,401 

7,225 
6,895 
6,756 
5,674 
4,559 

04,936 
4,521 
4,458 
4,406 
4,607 

3,939 
2,575 
a2, 210 
2,433 
2,575 
2,575 



4,015 
2,945 
2,870 
3,350 
03, 387 

3,781 
3,475 
2,935 
3,950 
5,005 

3,917 
03,605 
3,430 
3,994 
3,975 

4,065 
4,767 
4,721 
05, 060 
4,334 

4,651 
3,120 
3,072 
2,485 
2,610 

o2,632 
2,955 
4,078 
4,370 
4,873 
5,100 



Aug. 



2,900 
3,825 
3,555 
(a 6) 
4,300 

5,696 
5,476 
5,143 
5,031 
4,618 

04,119 
3,914 
3,465 
3,060 
3,015 

3,191 
3,750 
03,755 
3,389 
3,138 

3,225 
3,205 
2,855 
2,800 
02, 107 

3,233 
2,610 
2,620 
2,110 
2,110 
2,160 



5,172 
05,070 
2,489 
2,117 
2,179 

2,325 

2,619 

2,305 

02,250 

1,857 

2,095 
2,140 
2,387 
2,085 
2,193 

o2, 425 
2,370 
2,312 
2,362 
2,365 

2,425 
2,430 
02,490 
2,310 
2,568 

2,508 
2,535 
2,678 
2,232 
02, 145 
1,753 



Sept. 



o2,014 
2,008 
2,243 
2,197 
2,198 

2,182 
2,181 
02, 000 
2,114 
2,192 

2,186 
2,180 
2,157 
2,182 
02,027 

2,043 
2,165 
2,170 
2,165 
2,164 

2,165 
o2, 000 
2,082 
2,170 
2,175 

2,259 
2,222 
2,173 
02,000 
2,105 



2,150 
2,175 
2,155 
2,178 
2,175 

a2, 165 
1,991 
2,067 
2,205 
2,200 

2,025 
2,143 

02,077 
2,102 
2,048 

2,081 
1,623 
1,590 
1,659 
ol,940 

1,930 
1,945 
1,945 
2,015 
1,935 

1,975 
ol,925 
1,945 
1,755 
1,912 



Oct. 



2,160 
2,149 
2,154 
2,154 
2,164 

02,001 
2,011 
2,185 
2,173 
2,179 

2,190 
2,185 
{ah) 
2,000 
2,155 

2,165 
2,164 
2,171 
2,175 
03,061 

7,726 
8,113 
4,755 
2,172 
2,162 

2,174 
{ah) 

2,218 
2,537 
2,447 



Nov. 



2,179 
2,171 
{ah) 
3,088 
2,880 

3,370 
2,917 
3,682 
6,641 
07,318 

7,787 
8,671 
8,454 
8,434 
8,508 

8,518 
08,373 
9,006 
9,066 
9,057 

9,057 
9,030 
8,796 
08, 886 
9,201 

&8,976 
9,018 
9,000 
8,415 
8,068 



o Sunday. 

Note.— Owing to Incompleteness 
computed. 



h Records incomplete, 
of records on missing days during 1907-8 the discharge could not be 



STEEAM FLOW. 



39 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of West Branch of Penobscot River at Millinochet, 
1901-1909— QontimiQd . 



Day. 



Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


2,005 


447 


1,150 


1,455 


6,445 


6,740 


3,310^ 


03, 925 


2,270 


2,270 


2,000 


1,957 


568 


1,453 


1,460 


a 6, 400 


6,760 


3,340 


2,720 


2,265 


2,270 


2,265 


o2,011 


563 


1,453 


1,458 


5,350 


6,780 


3,925 


3,570 


2,240 


02, 280 


2,280 


1,527 


563 


1,449 


a 1,458 


3,060 


6,770 


03, 190 


3,210 


2,320 


2,120 


2,280 


1,920 


564 


1,420 


1,130 


2,700 


6,760 


2,000 


2,875 


02, 285 


2,275 


2,275 


1,875 


569 


1,440 


1,455 


2,700 


6,730 


2,235 


2,375 


1,755 


2,240 


2,270 


1,938 


a545 


"1,440 


1,462 


2,720 


6,005 


3,159 


2,450 


1,862 


2,218 


02,275 


1,955 


486 


1,177 


1,840 


2,730 


5,895 


3,259 


02,120 


2,248 


2,228 


1,950 


1,960 


543 


1,460 


1,861 


a 3, 254 


5,890 


3,049 


1,540 


2,270 


2,220 


2,280 


ol,910 


537 


1,298 


1,861 


2,970 


5,850 


2,701 


2,130 


2,460 


02,220 


2,275 


1,775 


489 


1,430 


a 1,875 


3,338 


5,060 


03,223 


1,920 


2,685 


2,090 


2,230 


1,910 


533 


1,430 


1,393 


3,590 


4,355 


2,600 


2,100 


o2,570 


2,220 


2,280 


1,980 


510 


1,460 


1,860 


3,740 


o3,235 


3,350 


2,670 


1,550 


2,220 


2,220 


1,867 


a 540 


a 1,460 


1,857 


3,870 


3,465 


3,380 


2,315 


2,455 


2,220 


02, 270 


1,700 


415 


1,137 


2,120 


5,305 


3,598 


3,140 


02, 625 


2,750 


2,230 


2,020 


1,802 


813 


1,380 


2,270 


013,430 


3,695 


3,166 


1,735 


2,340 


2,275 


2,270 


ol,730 


987 


975 


2,275 


16,230 


3,506 


3,105 


2,240 


2,305 


02, 340 


2,265 


1,412 


1,009 


1,466 


a 2, 630 


18,070 


4,275 


02, 788 


2,110 


2,365 


2,250 


2,270 


1,568 


1,011 


1,463 


1,917 


19,075 


6,115 


3,145 


2,180 


02, 480 


2,275 


2,270 


1,485 


990 


1,460 


2,660 


20,200 


03,757 


3,000 


2,210 


2,120 


2,275 


2,270 


1,020 


O890 


a 1,485 


2,660 


21,000 


3,560 


3,240 


2,213 


2,445 


2,275 


02,270 


687 


1,040 


1,167 


2,640 


19,432 


3,830 


3,200 


02,220 


2,260 


2,255 


1,985 


635 


1,360 


1,497 


2,600 


ol6,775 


3,600 


3,130 


1,870 


2,245 


2,270 


2,270 


a 545 


1,358 


1,485 


2,640 


15,840 


3,510 


3,345 


2,065 


2,240 


02,275 


2,200 


447 


1,302 


1,460 


a 2, 645 


14,585 


3,440 


04,050 


2,200 


2,245 


2,395 


2,190 


576 


1,400 


1,198 


1,920 


12,705 


3,150 


4,334 


2,175 


02,155 


2,275 


2,280 


556 


1,365 


1,203 


3,665 


11,095 


03, 260 


5,280 


2,150 


2,015 


2,260 


2,240 


531 


al,375 


o 1,500 


5,515 


10, 450 


3,015 


4,288 


2,190 


2,278 


2,275 


o2, 245 


564 




892 


6,130 


8,355 


2,990 


3,500 


02, 230 


2,265 


2,275 


1,960 


572 




1,450 


6,380 


7,090 


3,400 


3,460 


1,300 


2,255 


2,260 


2,275 


570 




1,455 




7,045 




3,635 


2,195 




02,245 





Dec. 



1909. 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 , 

25 

26 

27 

29 

29 

30 

31 



2,290 
2,295 
2,280 
2,230 
02,280 

2,090 
2,260 
2,210 
2,250 
2,275 

2,230 
o2,090 
2,075 
2,255 
2,255 

2,270 
2,260 
2,265 
02,275 
2,090 

2,250 
2,245 
2,210 
2,280 
1,740 

ol,570 
2,060 
2,245 
2,215 
2,230 
2,230 



o Sunday. 

Monthly discharge of West Branch of Penobscot River at Millinochet, 1901-1909. 

[Drainage area, 1,880 square miles.] 



Month. 



1901 

January 11-31 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. 



2,060 
2,360 
2,030 
22,100 
20,200 
3,370 
8,140 
6,500 
4,470 
2,000 
1,230 
2,000 



22, 100 



Minimum . 



960 

1,050 

1,160 

1,370 

1,520 

2,240 

1,540 

1,690 

1,360 

610 

330 

410 



330 



Mean. 



,430 
,630 
,620 
,450 
,580 
,650 



2, 
3,600 
2,580 
2,600 
1,360 
656 
1,160 



2,940 



Per 
square 
mile. 



0.761 
.867 
.862 
5.03 
3.50 
1.41 
1.91 



37 

38 

723 

349 

617 



1.56 



Run-off 
(depth in 
inches on 

drainage 
area). 



0.59 

.90 

.99 

5.61 

4.04 

1.57 

2.20 

1.58 

1.54 

.83 



.71 



20.95 



40 WATER RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Monthly discharge of West Branch of Penobscot River at Millinocket, 1901-1909 — Con. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. 



Minimum. 



Mean. 



Per 
square 
mile. 



Run-off 
(depth in 
inches on 
drainage 
area). 



1902. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

Jiily 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 

1903. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 

1904. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 

1905. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



3,270 

3,440 

9,970 

15,000 

16,900 

20, 600 

3,040 

4,380 

2,640 

2,770 

4,860 

5,390 



20,600 



2,330 

2,310 

21,000 

24,200 

12,300 

.2,610 

5,170 

6,750 

3,340 

1,410 

960 

960 



24,200 



450 
448 
828 
1,810 
11,700 
5,340 
4,890 
4,990 
2,650 
3,000 
2,560 
2,550 



11,700 



2,600 
2,520 
2,580 
2,620 
9,440 
8,910 
4,180 
5,300 
2,520 
2,510 
470 
457 



1,740 
1,870 
2,100 
6,770 
3,090 
2,870 

330 
1,570 
1,780 
1,940 
1,350 

570 



2,130 
2,270 
5,380 
11,800 
9,460 
9,390 
2,400 
2,620 
2,170 
2,290 
2,450 
2,600 



1.13 
1.21 
2.86 
6.28 
5.03 
4.99 
1.28 
1.39 
1.15 
1.22 
1.30 
1.41 



330 



4,580 



460 

1,000 

750 

9,100 

1,520 

750 

1,020 

660 

410 

230 

50 

50 



50 



141 

188. 
109 
221 
2,040 
2,280 
2,000 
2,000 
2,000 
2,000 
2,000 
2,000 



109 



2,070 

1,970 

1,040 

1,020 

2,230 

1,970 

2,020 

2,030 

1,940 

355 

343 

140 



1,630 

1,860 

5,770 

13,300 

6,450 

2,120 

2,430 

3,330 

1,920 

790 

387 

429 



3,370 



328 
365 
527 
1,000 
5,090 
3,690 
3,200 
3,400 
2,150 
2,210 
2,300 
2,160 



2,200 



2,230 
2,180 
1,720 
2,220 
6,050 
2,660 
2,400 
3,070 
2,300 
1,470 
432 
409 



2.44 



.867 
.989 
3.07 
7.07 
3.43 
1.13 
1.29 
1.77 
1.02 
.420 
.206 



1.79 



.174 
.194 
.280 
.532 
2.71 
1.96 
1.70 
1.81 
1.14 
1.18 
1.22 
1.15 



1.17 



1.19 
1.16 
.915 
1.18 
3.22 
1.41 
1.28 
1.63 
1.22 
.782 
.230 
.218 



,440 



140 



1.20 



STKEAM FLOW. 41 

Monthly discharge of West Branch of Penobscot River at Millinochet, 1901-1909 — Con. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. 



Minimum. 



Mean. 



Per 
square 
mile. 



Run-off 
(depth in 
inches on 

drainage 
area). 



1906. 



January... 
February. . 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September. 
October... 
November. 
December. 



The year. 



January (25 days) . . 
February (26 days) . . 

March 

April (29 days) 

May 

June 

July 

August (30 days) 

September 

October (28 days) . . . 
November (29 days) . 
December 



1907.O 



The year. 



January... 
February.. 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September. 
October... 
November. 
December. 



The year . 



January . . . 
February . . 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September. 
October... 
November. 
December. 



The year. 



1,200 

998 

821 

2,500 

18,600 

6,690 

7,710 

6,330 

2,060 

2,060 

2,080 

2,060 



18,600 



2,080 

2,030 

849 

2,520 

15, 200 

13,200 

7,320 

5,700 

2,260 

8,110 

9,200 

7,940 



15,200 



3,570 
3,200 
3,180 
3,780 
18,700 
12,900 
5,100 
5,170 
2,200 



18,700 



2,010 
1,400 
1,500 
6,380 
21,000 
6,780 
5,280 
3,920 
2,750 
2,395 
2,280 
2,300 



21,000 



195 

480 

549 

520 

2,480 

2,750 

2,420 

2,030 

1,980 

1,980 

2,010 

1,990 



403 
746 
688 
1,200 
6,900 
4,820 
3,630 
3,220 
2,030 
2,040 
2,060 
2,030 



0.214 
.397 
.366 
.638 
3.67 
2.56 
1.93 
1.71 
1.08 
1.09 
1.10 
1.08 



195 



2,480 



1.32 



2,000 

753 

193 

324 

2,510 

2,740 

2,210 

2,110 

2,000 

2,000 

2,170 

2,490 



2,030 
1,510 
380 
1,440 
7,060 
6,930 
5,210 
3,480 
2,140 
2,710 
7,190 
4,510 



1.08 

.803 

.202 

.766 

3.76 

3.69 

2.77 

1.85 

1.14 

1.44 

3.83 

2.40 



193 



3.720 



1,600 
1,850 
2,240 
2,190 
2,380 
2,880 
2,480 
1,750 
1,590 



3,130 
2,860 
2,990 
2,930 
10,200 
6,910 
3,790 
2,490 
2,000 
2,000 
2,000 
2,000 



1.66 
1.52 
1.59 
1.56 
5.43 
3.68 
2.02 
1.32 
1.06 
1.06 
1.06 
1.06 



3,610 



1.92 



447 
415 
892 
1,130 
2,700 
2,990 
2,000 
1,300 
1,550 
2,090 
1,950 
1,570 



415 



1,390 
813 
1,360 
2,440 
9,340 
4,630 
3,310 
2,320 
2,270 
2,250 
2,210 
2,190 



.739 
.432 
.723 
1.30 
4.97 
2.46 
1.76 
1.23 
1.21 
1.20 
1.18 
1.16 



2,880 



1.53 



a For purposes of comparison with other stations, the annual discharge for 1907 has been computed on 
the assumption that no difference exists between the mean discharge for partial months as given above 
and the true mean discharge for the same months with full number of days. 

The mean discharge for the partial months as given above is in most cases in excess of the actual dis- 
charge for the fuU month, owing to storage of water during the days when the records were incomplete. 
The annual discharge is probably about 1 or 2 per cent in excess from this cause. 

b Owing to inaccurate records the discharge is only approximate during October, November, and Decem- 
ber, 1908. 



Note'. — Discharges for missing 



have been interpolated. 



42 



WATEK RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 



PENOBSCOT RIVER AT WEST ENFIELD. 

This station was established November 5, 1901, and prior to 1904 
was designated as being at Montague, Me. In 1904 the name of the 
village was changed to West Enfield. It is located at the steel 
highway bridge about 1,000 feet below the mouth of Piscataquis 
River. (See PL VI.) There is a dam on Piscataquis River near 
its entrance into the Penobscot, and about a mile above the station 
is the dam of the International Paper Co., on the main river. During 
low water gage heights show considerable daily fluctuations, owing 
to the variations in gate openings at the mills above. 

The datum of the gage has remained the same during the main- 
tenance of the station. It is 125.38 feet above sea level, as determined 
by the Penobscot River survey of 1904. During the winter months 
the discharge is affected by ice. Conditions for obtaining accurate 
discharge data are good and a fairly good rating curve has been 
developed. 

Discharge measurements of Penobscot River at West Enfield, 1901-1909. 



Date. 



1901. 
Nov.5 

1902. 

Mar.28 

Apr. 8 

July 15 

Aug. 28 

Sept. 15 

Oct. 11 

1903. 

May 14 

May 25 

June 11 

Aug. 7 

Oct. 15 

Oct. 23 

1904. 

Apr. 26 

Mavis 

May 27 

June 14 

Oct. 17 

Oct. 20 

Oct. 25 

Oct. 31 

1905. 

Apr. 17 

May 1 

Sept. 29 

Sept. 30 

Oct. 3 

Oct. 5 

Oct. 18 

Oct. 19 

Oct. 24 

Oct. 25 



Gage 
height. 



Feet. 
2.00 



12.80 
10.90 
5.10 
8.80 
3.90 
3.75 



6.65 
4.10 
3.21 
3.22 
1.54 
1.58 



9.70 
12.06 
8.01 
5.82 
4.23 
3.90 
5.25 
4.73 



9.00 
6.40 
2.70 
2.65 
2.40 
2.12 
1.90 
1.90 
1.30 
1.25 



Discharge. 



Second-feet. 
3,030 



57,400 

43,900 

11,300 

7,580 

7.450 



17,600 
8,410 
5,910 
6,140 
2,070 
2,370 



32,200 

49,200 

22, 100 

13, 400 

8,100 

7,200 

10,800 

9,600 



27,200 
15,900 
4,050 
4,060 
3,960 
3,3«0 
2,7^0 
2,840 
1,900 
1,870 



Date. 



1906. 

Sept. 22ffl 

Sept. 26o 

Sept. 29a 

Oct.4a 

Oct.6a 

Oct. llai!> 

Oct. 13 c 

Oct. 24 

Oct. 31c 

1907. 

Sept. 25 c 

Sept. 28 

Oct. 3 c 

Oct.5c 

Oct. lie 

Oct. 21 

1908. 

Sept. 26 c 

Sept. 30o 

Oct.3o 

Oct, 7a 

Oct. 15a 

Oct.21c 

Nov.3 

Nov.3 

1909. 

May 25 

Sept. 25 a 

Oct.lcd 

Oct. 2cd 

Oct. 7cd 

Oct. 9 c 

Oct. 28 c 



Gage 
height. 



Feet. 
2.60 
2.40 
2.30 
2.10 
2.05 
6.80 
5.60 
4.15 
5.65 



4.60 
4.25 
4.00 
4.85 
6.55 
3.50 



2.20 
1.52 
2.30 
2.50 
2.30 
2.14 
2.96 
2.99 



10.02 
2.45 
13.07 
11.07 
7.66 
6.73 
4.70 



Discharge. 



Second-feet. 
4,130 
3,640 
3,590 
3,210 
2,940 
18,600 
12,600 
8,320 
12,800 



9,470 
8,360 
7,260 
10,000 
17,000 
7,040 



3,440 
2,160 
3,630 
3,980 
3,650 
3,250 
5,380 
5,370 



33,500 
4,230 
52,900 
40,000 
21,400 
17,200 
10,100 



a Average of three measurements. 

b Gage height at beginning 6.5 feet; at end, 7.1 feet; poor measurement. 

c Average of two measurements. 

d Center of meter held 2.0 feet below surface and coefficient of 0.9 applied to obtain mean velocity. 



U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 



WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 279 PLATE VI 




A. PENOBSCOT RIVER AT WEST ENFIEL.D GAGING STATION. 




B. PENOBSCOT RIVER AT WEST ENFIELD. 

Looking upstream from highway bridge February 8, 1906. 



STEEAM FLOW. 43 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Penobscot River at West Enfield, 1901-1909. 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1901. 
1...- 




2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 

2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.1 


1901. 
11. 


2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
2.3 
2.2 

2.2 
2.1 

2.2 
2.2 
2.2 


2.5 
3.3 

3.8 

4.5 
6.2 

14.0 
14.5 
11.8 

8.75 
7.8 


1901. 
21. .. 


2.0 
2.0 
2.35 
2.2 

2.2 

2.2 
2.1 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 


7.1 


2 




12 


22 


6.45 


3 




13 


23 . . . .... 


6.0 


4 




14 


24 


5.85 


5 


2.0 

2.0 

2.0 

2.15 

2.3 

2.4 


15 


25 


5.95 


6 


16 


26 


6.2 


7.-.. 


17 


27. . 


5.9 


8 


18 


28 


5.45 


9 ..... 


19 


29 


5.1 


10 


20 


30 


5.3 






31 


5.4 











Note. — Discharge probably afiected by ice after December 20. 



Day. 



Jan. 



Feb. 



Mar. 



Apr. 



May. 



June. 



July. 



Aug. 



Sept. 



Oct. 



Nov. 



1902. 



1903. 



5.20 
3.95 
4.35 
4.50 
4.30 

4.10 
4.05 
3.60 
3.65 
3.50 

3.00 
2,90 
2.80 
2.85 
2.70 

2.60 
2.45 
2.20 
2.45 
2.20 

2.55 
2.60 
3.80 
6.20 
6.55 

5.55 
5.75 
6.10 
6.25 
5.55 
5.65 



5.05 
5.05 
5.25 
5.10 
4.95 

4.90 
4.80 
4.70 

(a) 



12.70 
12.70 
14.45 
15.00 



(&) 
17.55 
13.30 
13.10 
11.80 



14.50 
13.95 
13.35 
12.80 
12.25 

11.40 
11.05 
10.85 
10.65 
10.80 

11.05 
11.15 
9.95 
10.70 
10.35 

10.30 
10.15 
9.95 
9.45 
8.65 

8.75 
9.00 
8.90 
8.80 
8.90 

9.00 
9.05 
9.25 
9.25 
9.20 



11.15 
10.90 
10.75 
10.90 
11.45 

11.15 
10.80 
10.80 
11.45 
12.05 

11.80 
11.20 
10.75 
10.40 
10.15 



9.70 
10.65 
10.20 
9.95 
9.70 

9.50 
9 40 
9.30 
9.40 
9.00 

8.65 
8.30 
8.00 
7.60 
7.25 

6.90 
6.60 
6.50 
6.50 
6.25 

5.95 
6.15 
6.35 
6.70 
6.70 

6.85 
6.75 
6.70 
7.00 
6.95 



8.25 
7.80 
7.35 
7.35 
7.40 

7.15 
7.05 
6.70 
6.85 
6.85 

6.75 
6.80 
6.70 
6.65 
6.10 



6.25 
6.10 
6.15 
7.45 
9.20 

10.05 
10.15 
10.00 
11.90 
12.20 

11.45 
10.90 
10.40 
10.00 
9.60 

9.05 
8.40 
8.05 
7.65 
7.05 

6.40 
6.35 
7.60 
7.50 
7.15 

7.10 
9.45 
9.75 
8.55 
7.95 



3.60 
3.90 
3.70 
3.40 
3.15 

3.15 
2.80 
2.60 
2.55 
3.10 

3.05 
3.20 
3.65 
4.75 
5.55 



7.40 
7 30 
7.35 
7.40 
7.30 



6.55 
6.10 
6.05 
5.85 

5.60 
5.05 
5.20 
5.95 
5.10 

4.60 
4.70 
4.75 
4.90 
5.05 

5.70 
5.90 
5.65 
4.75 
4.50 

4.60 
4.35 
4.85 
5.65 
5.70 
5.60 



3.25 
3.30 
3.30 
3.20 
3.35 

3.65 
3.25 
3.45 
3.85 
4.45 

4.65 
4.10 
3.65 
3.45 
3.80 



5.25 
5.15 
4.95 
4.80 
5.05 

5.00 
4.90 
5.00 
5.10 
4.95 

4.80 
5.20 
6.05 
6.25 
6.40 

4.80 
4.45 
3.65 
3.55 
4.20 

4.55 
4.50 
4.30 
4.15 
3.40 

3.50 
3.75 
3.80 
3.50 
3.25 
2.75 



4.35 
3.95 

3.70 
3.45 
3.35 

3.25 
3.20 
3.10 
3.15 
3.20 

3.25 
3.75 
3.60 
3.40 
3.50 



2.15 
2.25 
2.90 
3.25 
3.10 

3.00 
2.95 
2.70 
2.25 
2.90 

3.45 
3.65 
3.45 
3.55 
3.80 

3.65 
3.50 
3.40 
3.30 
3.15 

3.15 
3.20 
3.15 
3.10 
3.05 

3.00 
2.90 
2.75 
2.60 
2.75 



3.15 
3.20 
3.10 
3.25 
2.95 

2.70 
3.00 
3.05 
2.90 
3.00 

2.75 
2.60 
2.70 
2.60 
2.65 



2.90 
3.00 
2.85 
2.85 
2.75 

2.55 
3.10 
3.70 
3.95 
3.85 

3.65 
3.10 
3.05 
2.85 
3.10 

2.95 
3.00 
2.95 
2.80 
2.75 

3.30 
3.90 
3.70 
3.30 
3.05 

2.85 
2.85 
3.70 
7.70 
8.00 
7.40 



1.70 
1.60 
1.50 
1.55 
1.50 

1.40 
1.45 
1.45 
1.45 
1.30 

1.30 
1.20 
1.40 
1.50 
1.50 



6.60 
5.90 
5.20 
4.95 
5.05 

4.80 
4.35 
4.15 
3.95 
3.70 

3.85 
3.90 
3.95 
4.00 
4.10 

4.20 
4.05 
4.10 
4.25 
4.20 

4.10 
4.10 
4.10 
3.85 
3.85 

4.05 
3.80 
3.85 
4.30 
4.20 



1.40 
1.50 
1.55 
1.45 
1.40 

1.30 
1.30 
1.45 
1.70 
1.60 

1.60 
1.75 
2.20 
2.55 
2.60 



o Frozen Feb. 9 to Mar. 27, and Dec. 9 to 31, 1902. 
b River frozen Jan. 1 to Mar. 11, 1903. 
c Readings through ice Dec. 15 to 31, 



44 



WATER EESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 



Daily gage height, in feet, of Penobscot River at West Enfield, 1901-1909 — Continued. 



Day. 



Jan. 



Feb. 



Mar. 



Apr. 



May. 



June. 



July. 



Aug. 



Sept. 



Oct. 



Nov. 



Dec. 



1903. 



11.90 
11.25 
10.80 
10.30 
10.90 

11.40 
11.60 
11.85 
12.40 
13.50 

13.40 
13.00 
12.45 
11.80 
11.30 
11.15 



1904. 



3.50 



2.70 



2.60 



3.30 



,90 



2.40 



3.40 



4.70 



3.20 



6.00 



2.40 



9.90 
9.65 
9.30 
9.15 
9.00 

8.60 
8.30 
8.15 
8.15 
8.05 

8.15 
8.25 
8.15 

8.25 
8.25 



6.15 
6.25 

6.50 
6.75 
7.60 
8.70 
9.65 

10.75 
11.20 
11.00 
10.40 
9.85 

9.05 
8.30 
7.90 
7.80 
7.90 

7.80 
7.75 
7.90 
8.20 
8.60 

9.85 
10.15 
10.25 
10.35 
11.10 



5.90 
5.70 
5.55 
5.35 
5.00 

4.80 
4.75 
4.60 
4.30 
4.05 

4.05 
4.00 
4.00 
3.85 
3.70 
3.45 



12.30 
12.00 
11.60 
11.20 
11.15 

10.65 
10.10 
9.10 
8.45 
8.45 

10.10 
11.60 
11.80 
10.90 
10.25 

10.70 
11.85 
11.90 
11.55 
11.80 

12.00 
11.20 
10.60 
10.45 
9.90 

8.80 
8.05 
7.95 
7.60 
7.30 
7.35 



4.25 
4.10 
3.90 
3.85 
3.70 

3.55 
3.20 
2.80 
3.15 
3.25 

3.10 
3.15 
3.25 
3.30 
3.15 



7.20 
6.80 
7.75 
7.15 
6.50 

6.90 
7.20 
7.55 
6.95 
6.60 

6.50 
6.40 
6.20 
5.90 
5.50 

5.05 
4.90 
5.20 
5.85 
5.50 

5.15 
5.00 
4.95 
4.75 
4.55 

4.65 
4.90 
4.75 
4.15 
3.75 



3.60 
4.20 
4.20 
3.80 
3.95 



3.65 
3.60 
3.75 

3.70 
3.60 
3.30 
3.65 
4.20 
4.90 



4.25 
5.15 
5.90 
6.20 
5.75 

5.45 
5.10 
4.70 
4.45 
4.35 

5.00 
4.35 
4.25 
4.50 
4.75 

4.25 
3.85 
4.50 
3.80 
3.90 

4.05 
4.20 
3.50 
3.40 
3.65 

3.35 
3.80 
4.15 
3.45 
3.25 
3.30 



3.60 
3.55 
3.55 
3.65 
3.95 

4.25 
4.30 
3.70 
3.30 
3.40 

3.30 
3.20 
3.10 
3.20 
3.15 
3.10 



4.05 
3.70 
4.30 
4.70 
4.55 

4.40 
4.15 
4.05 
4.15 
4.10 

4.20 
4.30 
4.20 
4.10 
4.00 

4.10 
3.95 
3.75 
3.50 
3.15 

3.45 
3.85 
3.55 
3.40 
3.30 

3.15 
2.95 

2.70 
2.80 
2.80 
2.75 



2.80 
2.65 
2.65 
2.55 
2.50 

2.60 
3.45 
3.20 
2.35 
2.55 

2.20 
1.90 
1.95 
2.00 
1.75 



2.80 
2.70 
2.80 
2.80 
3.55 

3.70. 
3.65 
3.35 
3.20 
3.20 

3.10 
3.00 
3.05 
2.75 
3.05 

4.35 
4.80 
4.50 
4.15 
4.25 

4.10 
4.20 
4.10 
4.15 
4.75 

5.30 
5.10 
4.65 
4.85 
5.45 



1.50 
1.60 
1.55 
1.60 
1.65 

1.70 
1.65 
1.60 
1.65 
1.70 

1.80 
1.70 
1.60 
1.50 
1.50 
1.40 



7.05 
6.90 
6.30 
5.65 
5.30 

5.05 
4.75 
4.65 
4.55 
4.35 

4.20 
4.15 
4.10 
4.20 
4.20 

4.15 
4.15 
4.10 
4.05 
4.00 

3.90 
4.55 
5.80 
5.65 
5.25 

5.05 
5.45 
5.65 
5.45 
5.10 
4.70 



2.60 
2.50 
2.45 
2.25 
2.10 

2.00 
1.90 
1.80 
1.80 
1.70 

1.80 
1.80 
1.80 
1.70 
1.80 



4.65 
4.45 
4.45 
4.30 
4.20 

4.10 
4.15 
4.50 
4.40 
4.30 

4.20 
4.10 
4.05 
4.05 
3.95 

3.70 
3.60 
3.50 
3.60 
3.55 

3.55 
3.90 
3.85 
3.85 
3.80 

3.70 
3.65 
3.40 
3.30 
3.20 



3.30 



3.10 



3.20 
3.15 
3.40 
3.45 
3.50 

3.50 
3.45 
3.70 
3.85 
4.25 

4.25 
4.15 



4.30 



4.30 



Note.— Gage heights affected by ice Jan. 1 to Apr. 9 and Dec. 13 to 31. 
are to surface of water in hole cut in the ice. 

The following thicknesses of ice were measured: 

Feet. 

Jan. 4 1.0 Feb. 29 

Jan. 11 1.1 Mar. 7 

Jan. 18 1.15 Mar. 14 

Jan. 25 1.15 Mar. 21 

Feb. 1 1. 15 Mar. 28 

Feb. 8 1. 25 Dec. 19 

Feb. 15 1.35 Dec. 26 

Feb. 22 1.5 



During frozen season readings 



Feet. 
. 1.65 
. 1.6 
. 1.5 
. 1.4 
. 1.15 
. .65 
. .75 



STEEAM FLOW. 45 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Penobscot River at West Enfield, 1901-1909 — Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1905. 








12.1 

12.45 

11.85 

10.55 

10.05 

10.0 

10.7 

11.45 

10.8 

10.15 

9.75 

9.8 

9.75 

9.45 

9.25 

9.1 

8.9 
8.55 
8.0 
7.65 

7.6 
7.95 
8.1 
8.1 

7.85 

7.65 

7.35 

7.4 

7.1 

6.85 


6.65 

6.7 

6.6 

6.65 

6.6 

6.4 
6.2 
6.1 
6.3 
6.3 

6.2 

6.1 

6.45 

6.2 

6.05 

6.35 

6.4 

6.8 

7.4 

8.05 

7.85 
7.55 
7.35 
7.05 
7.1 

7.1 

7.05 

6.9 

6.7 

6.45 

6.1 


6.15 

5.85 

5.45 

5.1 

4.9 

4.65 

4.9 

4.7 

4.35 

4.1 

4.0 

4.3 

4.5 

4.65 

4.65 

4.6 

4.6 

4.25 

3.95 

4.0 

3.85 

3.75 

3.65 

3.4 

3.25 

3.15 
3.35 
3.35 
3.05 
2.95 




2.6 

2.85 

3.55 

3.75 

4.0 

3.6 

3.25 

2.95 

2.75 

2.95 

3.2 
3.7 
3.2 
3.1 
2.95 

2.65 

3.35 

3.45 

3.2 

3.1 

3.0 
2.9 
2.9 
3.2 
3.15 

3.35 

3.2 

3.15 

3.25 

3.3 

3.45 


3.8 

3.65 

3.5 

3.45 

3.65 

3.7 

3.1 

3.15 

3.3 

3.7 

3.45 

2.75 

2.55 

2.8 

2.65 

2.55 

2.95 

3.2 

3.2 

3.05 

3.1 

2.65 
2.45 
2.25 
2.05 

2.05 

2.45 

2.65 

2.7 

2.55 

2.8 


3.05 

2.95 

3.05 

3.0 

3.05 

3.05 

2.8 

2.55 

2.4 

2.35 

2.3 
2.2 

2.45 

2.1 

2.25 

2.2 

2.15 
2.35 
2.5 
2.6 

2.6 

2.6 

2.45 

2.35 

2.65 

2.5 

2.5 
2.6 
2.65 
2.55 


2.3 

2.4 

2.4 

2.35 

2.15 

2.15 

1.95 

2.1 

2.0 

1.9 

2.0 
2.0 
2.1 
2.1 
2.2 

2.15 

2.0 

1.9 

1.9 

1.9 

1.65 

1.3 

1.6 

1.3 

1.25 

1.2 
1.3 
1.3 
1.0 
1.2 
1.3 


1.3 

1.45 

1.85 

2.0 

1.8 

1.9 
1.95 
1.8 
1.95 

1.8 

1.7 

1.35 

1.65 

1.7 

1.35 

1.3 
1.9 
2.0 
2.1 
2.25 

2.05 

1.9 

1.8 

1.8 

1.5 

1.15 

1.7 

2.15 

1.8 

2.0 


3.1 


2 


5.35 






2.25 


3 






1.9 


4 








2.4 


5 








2.9 


6 




4.95 


4.85 


2.85 


7 




2.8 


8 








2.7 


9 


5.75 






2.7 


10 






2.95 


11 










12 










13 




4.85 


4.55 




14 






15. 










16 


5.65 








17 








18 










19 










20 




4.75 


4.28 

4.35 

4.5 

4.45 

4.6 

4.75 

5.35 
5.75 
6.35 
7.5 
8.8 
10.65 




21 






22. 








23 


5.65 
5.65 
5.55 

5.65 
5.55 


■"5.' is" 




24. 




25 




26 


2.4 


27.. 




28 




29.". 








30 


5.45 






31. 















Note. — River was frozen Jan. 1-21, open Jan. 22-25, frozen Jan. 26 to Mar. 19, and open at the gage 
Mar. 20 to Apr. 10. The ice broke up at the bridge Mar. 31. Jam of ice below the gage Apr. 1-10. River 
clear of ice Apr. 11. River frozen Dee. 1-31, but open at the gage untU Dec. 11. During frozen periods 
gage heights are to the surface of the water in a hole cut in the ice. 

The following thicknesses of ice were measured: 



Foot. 

Jan. 2 0.8 

Jan. 9 75 

Jan. 16 6 

Jan. 27 3 

Jan. 30 5 

Feb. 6 7 



Foot. 

Feb. 13 0.75 

Feb. 20 8 

Feb. 27 7 

Mar. 6 4 

Mar. 13 3 

Dec. 26 (gage height to top of ice 2.6 feet) 8 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1906. 
1. 










11.45 

11.95 

12.35 

12.5 

12.4 

12.35 

12.25 

12.3 

12.1 

12.25 

13.4 

12.2 

11.45 

11.35 

11.65 

11.2 
11.6 
11.3 
11.4 
10.75 


7.65 

7.5 

7.45 

7.55 

7.3 

7.2 
7.7 
6.9 
6.8 
6.7 

6.65 

6.65 

6.4 

5.4 

4.5 

4.05 

4.25 

4.7 

4.7 

4.75 


4.25 
3.75 
4.55 
4.25 
4.5 

4.7 

4.25 

4.4 

5.15 

4.85 

4.25 

3.75 

4.65 

5.5 

5.2 

4.5 

4.15 

4.15 

4.05 

4.0 


4.5 

4.4 

4.25 

4.0 

3.9 

3.75 
3.65 
3.85 
3.95 
4.05 

3.9 

3.95 

3.7 

3.6 

3.35 

3.35 

3.35 

3.4 

3.05 

3.3 


3.45 

3.0 

2.95 

3.15 

3.4 

3.25 

3.1 

3.0 

2.75 

2.6 

2.6 

2.65 

2.5 

2.6 

2.55 

2.4 
2.4 
2.3 
2.3 
2.35 


2.1 
2.2 
2.2 
2.1 
2.0 

2.1 
2.1 
2.3 
2.3 

2.8 

6.3 

6.6 

5.55 

5.0 

4.5 

4.35 

4.15 

3.9 

3.75 

3.55 


5.45 

5.4 

5.85 

6.15 

5.95 

5.65 

5.4 

5.1 

5.0 

4.75 

4.7 
"4.7 
4.8 
4.7 
4.9 

5.0 

5.25 

5.25 

5.25 

5.5 


4.2 


2 


2.3 








4.35 


3. 






15.8 
5.9 
6.05 

6.25 

6.6 

6.7 

6.65 

6.7 

6.75 

6.3 

6.1 

6.3 

6.85 

9.4 
11.45 
12.15 
12.05 
11.95 


4.7 


4 








5.1 


5 








6.0 


6. 




4.9 


3.9 


6.0 


7 




6.0 


8 








5.9 


9 


2.2 







5 9 


10 






5.9 


11 








5.7 


12. 










13 




4.6 


"'l[l' 




14. 






15....:::::::;::: 








16 


2.8 








17.... 






5.0 


18. 










19 






4.1 




20 









46 WATER RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Penobscot River at West Enfield, 1901-1909 — Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


Jiine. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1906. 
21 








11.6 

11.65 

11.65 

11.25 

10.8 

10.8 

10.85 

10.9 

11.1 

11.25 


10.0 

8.85 
7.8 
8.35 
8.75 

8.2 

7.75 

7.65 

7.8 

8.0 

8.15 


4.9 

5.55 

5.85 

5.4 

5.05 

5.45 
5.05 

4.7 
4.35 

4.7 


4.0 

4.05 

4.5 

4.4 

4.3 

4.05 

3.85 

3.75 

4.0 

3.5 

4.2 


3.4 

3.5 

3.55 

3.8 

3.5 

3.3 

3.45 

3.65 

3.8 

3.9 

4.1 


2.6 

2.55 

2.3 

2.4 

2.4 

2.35 

2.35 

2.3 

2.3 

2.2 


3.45 

3.5 

3.75 

4.15 

4.4 

5.4 

6.0 

6.05 

6.2 

6.15 

5.6 


5.4' 
5.5 
5.35 
5.25 

4.75 

4.5 
4.4 
4.0 
4.0 
4.25 




22 




3.8 






23 


3.8 
5.2 
6.6 

7.3 




24 






6.0 


25 








26. 


4.1 


4.0 
4.2 




27 




28 






29 










39 


6.0 








31 






5 5 















Note. — The following ice conditions prevailed during 1906: 

River frozen from Jan. 1 to Apr. 15, except that narrow channel remained open near the right bank; 
river again frozen Dec. 4-31, inclusive. 

During frozen period gage heights were taken to water surface through a hole in the ice. The following 
comparative readings were taken: 



Date. 


Water 
surface. 


Top of 
ice. 


Thick- 
ness 
of ice. 


Date. 


Water 
surface. 


Top of 

ice. 


Thick- 
ness 
of ice. 


Jan. 2 


Feet. 
2.3 
2.2 
2.8 
3.8 
6.6 
6.0 
4.65 
4.6 
3.8 
4.1 


Feet. 

""""4.'6" 
6.8 
6.2 
4.7 
4.7 
3.9 
4.2 


Feet. 

0.9 

1.0 

.9 

.8 

.6 

.6 

1.2 

1.3 

1.0 

(a) 


Mar. 6 


Feet. 
3.9 
4.4 
4.1 
4.0 


Feet. 
4.0 
4.0 
4.2 
3.9 
5.8 
5.7 
5.1 
6.1 
5.6 


Feet. 
(a) 
(a) 
1.8 


Jan. 9 


Mar. 14 


Jan. 16 


Mar. 19 


Jan. 23 


Mar. 26 


1 7 


Jan. 25 


Apr. 3 6 




Jan. 30 


Dec. 10 


5.9 
5.0 
6.0 
5.5 


c .6 


Feb 8 


Dec 17 


c 8 


Feb. 13 


Dec. 24 


c .8 


Feb 22 


Dec. 31 


c 6 


Feb. 27 











a Open water in places and water on ice; misafe to 
b River open on east side under gage. • 
c River not entirely frozen over. 



upon. 



Day. 



Jan. 



Feb. 



Mar. 



Apr. 



May. 



June. 



July. 



Aug. 



Sept. 



Oct. 



Nov. 



Dec. 



1907.O 



7.2 
7.05 
7.05 
7.25 

7.55 
8.0 
8.2 
8.25 
8.15 

7.75 
7.6 
7.5 

7.65 

7.85 

8.3 
8.5 
8.0 
8.1 
8.05 

8.3 
8.3 
8.55 
10.15 
12.25 



16.6 
17.1 
16.25 
14.65 
13.85 

12.95 

12.15 

11.7 

11.35 

10.85 

10.0 
9.45 
9.1 

8.85 
8.7 



8.75 
9.25 
9.75 
10.15 

9.65 
9.15 



8.55 
8.35 
8.0 
7.75 
7.55 

7.6 

8.75 
8.55 
8.45 



8.2 
7.5 
6.9 
6.5 
6.25 

6.05 

5.9 

5.95 

5.85 

5.7 

5.6 

5.35 

4.9 

5.05 

5.85 



9.3 
9.45 
8.85 
8.45 

8.45 

7.65 

7.2 

7.1 

7.05 

6.85 

6.55 

6.35 

6.2 

6.15 

6.45 

6.45 

5.9 

5.45 

5.15 

5.15 

5.5 

5.4 

5.5 

5.55 



5.7 

5.85 

6.1 

5.6 

5.35 

6.15 

7.0 

7.1 

6.6 

5.85 

5.4 

5.1 

5.05 

4.95 

4.8 

4.7 

4.65 

4.6 

4.55 

4.5 

4.4 

4.2 

3.95 

4.3 

4.05 



3.45 

3.3 

3.4 

3.55 

4.05 

5.15 

5.35 

4.9 

4.5 

4.35 

3.95 
4.05 
4.25 
4.0 
3.75 

3.6 
3.5 
3.5 
3.4 
3.3 

3.45 
3.25 
3.15 
3.55 
4.45 



4.2 
4.1 
4.1 

4.4 
4.65 

4.4 
4.25 
4.45 
6.65 
7.0 

6.45 

5.65 

5.3 

5.2 

5.1 

5.1 

4.95 

4.65 

4.1 

3.7 

3.5 

3.45 

3.75 

3.65 

3.9 



6.1 
5.9 
6.65 
7.35 
7.45 

7.0 
7.45 
11.2 
10.95 
10.2 

9.8 
9.4 
9.1 

8.75 
8.5 

8.1 

7.75 

7.45 

7.25 

7.1 

7.0 

6.85 

6.75 

6.7 

6.55 



6.55 

6.3 

6.1 

6.1 

5.9 

5.35 
4.45 
4.25 
4.1 

4.7 

8.35 
10.6 
9.45 
8.25 
7.25 

7.6 

7.7 
7.65 
7.35 
6.5 

5.9 

5.65 

5.35 

6.55 

6.7 



a River frozen Jan. 1 to Apr. 22, 1907, and from Jan. 20 to Mar. 27, and Dec. 4 to 31, 1908. River open 
at the gage Apr. 1 to 22, 1907. Gage readings Dec. 7 to 31, 1908, to water surface in a hole cut in the ice. 



STEEAM FLOW. 47 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Penobscot River at West Enfield, 1901-1909 — Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1907.O 
26 








12.9 
13.3 

13.7 

15.05 

15.75 


8.05 

7.85 

8.5 

8.85 

9.15 

8.8 

13.15 
14.4 
14.0 
13.45 
12.5 

12.0 

11.25 

10.6 

10.3 

11.0 

11.6 
11.8 
12.2 
11.75 
11.2 

10.8 
10.8 
10.9 
10.6 
10.2 

9.6 

8.8 
8.5 
8.25 
7.9 

7.6 
7.7 
7.8 
7.6 
7.5 
7.85 

10.65 

10.5 

10.45 

10.45 

10.85 

10.85 
10.9 
11.0 
11.2 
11.7 

12.3 

12.4 

11.95 

11.6 

11.5 

11.95 
12.35 
11.95 
12.0 
11.8 

11.45 
10.85 
10.45 
10.15 
10.2 

9.8 
9.1 

8.8 
8.65 
8.55 
7.7 


6,8 
7.25 
9.25 
9.35 
9.15 

9.75 
10.95 
10.5 
10.2 

9.6 

8.65 
8.2 
7.75 
7.4 
7.2 

7.05 

6.85 

6.45 

5.8 

5.65 

5.5 

5.45 

5.4 

5.25 

5.0 

5.1 

5.2 

5.25 

4.95 

4.8 

4.9 

4.75 

4.4 

4.15 

4.45 

7.5 

7.25 

6.9 

6.65 

6.3 

5.7 
5.6 
5.9 
6.4 
6.15 

5.9 

5.6 

5.25 

4.65 

4.45 

4.25 
4.35 
5.25 
6.95 
6.65 

5.75 

5.4 

5.3 

5.2 

4.9 

4.75 
4.6 
4.4 
4.35 
4.6 


5.9 
6.35 
6.5 
6.15 

5.85 
5.8 

4.4 

4.25 

3.7 

3.4 

3.15 

3.35 
- 3.5 
3.65 
4.2 
4.6 

4.3 

4.15 

4.0 

4.25 

4.0 

4.35 

4.45 

4.55 

4.5 

4.6 

4.9 

4.55 

4.35 

4.15 

4.0 

3.85 

3.8 

4.0 

3.9 

3.8 

3.85 

4.55 

4.65 

4.5 

4.4 

4.35 

4.3 
4.3 

4.4 
4.5 
4.7 

4.45 
4.25 
4.15 
4.0 
3.9 

4.1 

4.2 

3.95 

3.8 

4.2 

4.2 

4.1 

4.25 

4.2 

4.0 

3.95 

4.2 

4.35 

3.9 

3.55 

3.45 


3.95 

4.0 

3.9 

3.8 

3.75 

3.65 

3.85 

3.7 

3.3 

3.05 

2.8 

2.85 

3.4 

3.5 

3.4 

3.35 

3.25 
3.15 
3.05 
2.95 
3.25 

3.45 

3.7 

3.75 

3.95 

4.05 

3.8 

3.75 

3.5 

3.25 

3.4 

3.35 

3.35 

3.35 

3.3 

3.2 

3.2 

3.3 

3.25 

3.2 

3.15 

3.1 

2.8 
2.5 
2.3 
2.2 
2.35 

2.45 

2.55 

2.7 

2.55 

2.45 

2.4 
2.3 
2.5 
2.7 
2.85 

2.95 

3.05 

2.95 

3.1 

3.2 

3.4 

3.6 

3.4 

3.1 

2.95 

2.85 


4.8 

4.7 

4.25 

3.85 

3.95 

3.25 
3.25 
3.35 
3.35 
3.35 

3.45 
3.25 
3.0 
3.0 
2.9 

2.75 
2.6 
2.7 
2.75 

2.75 

2.85 

2.7 

2.6 

2.45 

2.5 

2.4 
2.3 
2.2 
2.2 
2.3 

2.15 
1.45 
1.05 
1.25 

2.8 

2.9 

3.15 

3.2 

3.3 

3.3 

3.8 

3.65 

3.5 

3.4 

3.6 

3.62 

3.7 

3.7 

3.7 

3.68 
3.68 
3.6 
3.52 
3.38 

3.05 

2.58 
2.5 
2.4 
2.4 

2.4 
2.6 
6.5 
14.35 
16.6 


3.95 
4.15 
4.25 
4.35 
6.6 
6.8 

1.5 

2.15 
2.3 
2.45 
2.6 

2.6 
2.5 
2.4 
2.3 
2.2 

2.1 
2.2 
2.2 
2.3 
2.2 

2.3 

2.3 

2.2 

2.15 

2.2 

2.2 
2.1 
2.1 
1.95 
1.55 

1.4 
1.9 
2.54 

2.88 
2.74 
2.78 

12.86 
11.05 
10.05 
9.2 

8.4 

8.18 
7.62 
7.28 
6.68 
6.1 

5.7 

5.45 

5.12 

4.78 

4.7 

4.7 

4.65 

4.65 

4.45 

4.28 

4.21 

4.2 

4.14 

4.12 

4.28 

4.66 

4.7 

4.64 

4.41 

4.22 

4.12 


6.75 

6.9 

6.9 

6.8 
6.7 

2.78 
2.66 
2.72 
2.66 
2.76 

2.70 
2.55 
2.40 
2.11 
2.14 

2.46 
2.51 
2.56 
2.57 
2.62 

2.37 
2.45 
2.66 
2.66 
2.71 

2.64 
2.38 
2.03 
2.35 
2.40 

2.37 
2.67 
2.94 
2.86 
2.77 

3.99 
3.98 
4.16 
5.22 
5.78 

5.68 
5.65 
5.18 
5.10 
5.09 

4.95 
4.75 
4.48 
4.44 
4.40 

4.38 
4.32 
4.38 
4.40 
4.28 

4.15 
4.02 
4.10 
4.24 
4.38 

5.10 
8.12 

7.85 
7.48 
6.80 


6.85 


27 








6.9 


28 








6.55 


29 








5.75 


30 






6.2 


5.45 


31 






5.1 


1908.O 
1 


6.1 

6.1 

5.85 

5.65 

5.45 

5.2 

4.85 

4.7 

4.75 

5.4 

5.15 

4.85 
4.55 
4.5 
4.95 

5.25 
5.5 

5.85 
5.85 






8.4 
8.1 
7.55 

7.8 

7.4 

6.7 
6.4 
6.4 
6.5 
6.4 

6.5 
6.4 
6.5 
6.5 
6.5 

6.7 

7.0 

6.9 

6.75 

6.55 

6.5 

6.4 

6.55 

7.25 

8.1 

8.6 
9.75 
11.7 
13.3 
13.25 

9.55 
9.45 
9.35 
9.00 
9.35 

9.7 
10.2 
11.5 
11.7 
11.9 

11. 25 

10.35 

10.8 

12.55 

13.6 

15.0 
15.2 
14.35 
14.0 
14.35 

14.3 

14.25 

14.05 

13.75 

13.5 

12.45 
12.0 
11.65 
11.6 
11.4 


2.85 


2 






2.96 


3 






2.64 


4 






2.90 


5 








6 








7 






3.1 


8 








9 








10 








11 








12 








13 








14 






3.3 


15 








16 






3.9 


17 






3.8 


18 






3.9 


19 






3.8 


20 






3.8 


21 









3.9 


22 








3.8 


23 








3.7 


24 








3.6 


25 








3.6 


26 








3.5 


27 








3.6 


28 







8.8 
8.9 
8.85 
8.45 

7.4 
7.3 
7.1 
7.0 
6.8 

6.7 
6.7 
6.6 
6.5 
6.4 

6.1 
6.1 
6.0 
5.8 
5.6 

5.6 

5.65 

5.5 

5.4 

5.4 

5.3 
5.3 
5.4 
5.6 

5.8 

5.7 
6.4 
7.0 
7.7 
9.0 
9.4 


3.7 


29 






3.6 


30- 






3.6 


31 






3.7 


1909.& 
1 


3.6 
3.5 
3.4 
3.5 
3.5 

4.2 
5.1 
7.7 
7.3 
6.6 

6.3 
6.0 
5.8 
5.6 
5.4 

5.2 
5.1 
4.9 
4.7 
5.0 

5.3 

4.9 
4.9 
4.8 
4.6 

4.5 
4.5 
4.4 
4.5 
4.6 
4.8 


4.9 
4.6 
4.5 
4.7 
5.4 

5.1 

4.9 
4.7 
4.7 
4.8 

4.9 
4.9 
4.8 
4.8 
4.6 

4.6 
4.6 
4.5 
4.6 
4.8 

5.3 
5.6 
6.6 
7.1 
7.3 

7.8 
7.9 
7.6 


6.3 


2 


6.0 


3 


5.88 


4 


5.78 


5 


5.74 


6 


5.72 


7 


5.78 


8 


5.62 


9 


5.45 


10 


5.74 


11 


4.30 


12 


4.0 


13 


3.6 


14 


4.15 


15 


4.42 


16 


4.45 


17 


4.4 


18 


4.48 


19 


4.25 


20. 


4.0 


21 


3.85 


22 


3.82 


23 


3.8 


24 


3.72 


25 

26. 


3.5 
3.48 


27 


3.65 


28... 


3.32 


29 


4.52 


30 


5.0 


31 


5.38 







o River frozen Jan. 1 to Apr. 22, 1907, and from Jan. 20 to Mar. 27, and Dec. 4 to 31, 1908. River open 
at the gage Apr. 1 to 22, 1907. Gage readings Dec. 7 to 31, 1908, to water surface in a hole cut in the ice. 

^ Gage heights affected t>y ice from Jan. 1 to about Apr. 23, 1909, also during the last few days of De- 
cember, 1909. " 



48 



WATER RESOURCES OE PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Rating tables for Penobscot River at West Enfield. 

1901-1908. 



Gage 


Dis- 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 


height. 


charge. 


eharge. 


charge. 


charge. 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 


1.00 


1,630 


2.50 


3,920 


3.90 


7,330 


6.60 


16,550 


1.10 


1,710 


2.60 


4,130 


4.00 


7,620 


6.80 


17,390 


1.20 


1,810 


2.70 


4,340 


4.20 


8,210 


7.00 


18, 260 


1.30 


1,930 


2.80 


4,560 


4.40 


8,810 


8.00 


23,200 


1.40 


2,060 


2.90 


4,790 


4.60 


9,430 


9.00 


29,000 


1.50 


2,200 


3.00 


5,020 


4.80 


10,070 


10.00 


35, 450 


1.60 


2,350 


3.10 


5,260 


5.00 


10,720 


11.00 


42,350 


1.70 


2.500 


3.20 


5,500 


5.20 


11,380 


12.00 


49,750 


1.80 


2,660 


3.30 


5,740 


5.40 


12,060 


13.00 


57,600 


1.90 


2,830 


3.40 


5,990 


5.60 


12,750 


14.00 


65,600 


2.00 


3,000 


3.50 


6,240 


5.80 


13, 460 


15.00 


73, 800 


2.10 


3,170 


3.60 


6,500 


6.00 


14, 200 


16.00 


82, 100 


2.20 


3,350 


3.70 


6,770 


6.20 


14,960 


17.00 


90,500 


2.30 


3,530 


3.80 


7,050 


6.40 


15,740 


18.00 


99,000 


2.40 


3,720 















Note. — The above table is not applicable for ice or obstructed-channel conditions. It is based on 
discharge measurements made during 1901-1908, and is well defined. 



Gage 


Dis- 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 


height. 


charge. 


charge. 


charge. 


charge. 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 


2.20 


3,790 


3.80 


7,440 


5.40 


12,310 


7.80 


21,990 


2.30 


3,970 


3.90 


7,710 


5.50 


12,650 


8.00 


22,950 


2.40 


4,160 


4.00 


7,980 


5.60 


13,000 


8.20 


23,940 


2.50 


4,350 


4.10 


8,260 


5.70 


13,350 


8.40 


24,960 


2.60 


4,550 


4.20 


8,540 


5.80 


13,710 


8.60 


26,010 


2.70 


4,760 


4.30 


8,830 


5.90 


14,070 


8.80 


27,080 


2.80 


4,970 


4.40 


9,120 


6.00 


14,440 


9.00 


28, 180 


2.90 


5,190 


4.50 


9,420 


6.20 


15, 190 


10.00 


33,850 


3.00 


5,420 


4.60 


9,720 


6.40 


15,970 


11.00 


39,850 


3.10 


5,650 


4.70 


10,030 


6.60 


16,770 


12.00 


46,050 


3.20 


5,890 


4.80 


10,340 


6.80 


17,. 590 


13.00 


52,400 


3.30 


6,140 


4.90 


10, 660 


7.00 


18,420 


14.00 


58,900 


3.40 


6,390 


5.00 


10,980 


7.20 


19,270 


15.00 


65,500 


3.50 


6,650 


5.10 


11,310 


7.40 


20, 150 


16.00 


72,200 


3.60 


6,910 


5.20 


11,640 


7.60 


21,060 


17.00 


79,000 


3.70 


7,170 


5.30 


11,970 











Note. — The above table is not applicable for ice or obstructed-channel conditions. It is based on 14 
discharge measurements made during 1909, and is well defined. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Penobscot River at West Enfield, 1901-1909. 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1901. 
1 




3,000 
3,000 
3,000 
3,000 
3,000 

3,000 
3,000 
3,000 
3,000 
3,170 


1901. 
11 


3,920 
3,920 
3,920 
3,530 
3,350 

3,350 
3,170 
3,350 
3,350 
3,350 


3,920 
5,740 
7,050 
9,120 
15,000 

65,600 
69, 700 
48,200 
27,500 
22, 100 


1901. 
21 


3,000 
3,000 
3,620 
3,350 
3,350 

3,350 
3,170 
3,000 
3,000 
3,000 




2 




12 


22 




3 




13 


23 




4 




14 


24 




5 


3,000 

3,000 
3,000 
3,260 
3,530 
3,720 


15 


25 . 




6 


16 


26 




7 


17 


27 




8 


18 


28 




9.. . . 


19 


29 




10 


20 


30 








31 













STKEAM FLOW. 49 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Penobscot River at West Enfield, 1901-1909 — Continued. 



Jan. 



Feb. 



Mar, 



Apr. 



May. 



June. 



July. 



Aug. 



Sept. 



Oct. 



Nov. 



11,400 
7,480 
8, 
9,120 
8,510 

7,910 
7,760 
6,500 
6,630 
6,240 

5,020 

4,790 

4,560 

4, 

4,340 

4,130 
3,820 
3,350 
3,820 
3,350 

4,020 
4,130 
7,050 
15,000 
16,300 

12, 600 
13, 300 

14, 600 

15, 200 
12,600 
12,900 



10,900 
10,900 
11, 600 
11, 000 
10, 600 

10,400 
10, 100 
9,750 



55, 300 
55, 300 
69, 000 
73,400 



93,400 
60,000 
58, 400 
48, 200 

49, 000 
44,100 
41,000 
37,500 
41, 600 

45,200 
46, 100 
48, 600 
52, 900 
61, 600 

60, 800 
57, 600 
53,300 
48,200 
44,500 
43,400 



69,400 
65, 100 
60, 400 
56, 100 
51, 800 

45,200 
42,700 
41, 300 
39,900 
41,000 

42,700 
43,400 
35, 100 
40,200 
37, 800 

37,500 
36,500 
35, 100 
31,800 
26, 900 

27, 500 
29, 000 
28, 400 
27,800 
28,400 

29,000 
29, 300 
30, 600 
30. 600 
30, 200 



43,400 
41,600 
40,600 
41, 600 
45, 

43,400 
41, 000 
41, 000 
45, 600 
50, 200 

48, 200 
43, 800 
40,600 
38, 200 
36,500 

34, 800 
33, 100 
30, 900 
29, 900 
29, 000 

26,1 

24, 800 
24,000 
24,000 
23,500 

24,000 
24,600 
24,000 
24,600 
24, 600 



33, 500 
39, 900 
36, 800 
35,100 
33,500 

32, 200 
31,500 
30,900 
31,500 
29, 000 

26,900 
24,800 
23, 200 
21, 100 
19,400 

17, 800 
16, 600 
16, 100 
16, 100 
15, 200 

14,000 
14, 800 
15, 500 
17,000 
17, 000 

17, 

17, 200 
17, 000 
18,300 
18.000 
16, 600 



24, 600 
22, 100 
19, 900 
19, 900 
20, 100 

18, 900 
18, 500 
17, 000 
17, 600 
17, 600 

17, 200 
17,400 
17,000 
16, 800 
14, 600 

13, 800 
13, 100 
12, 600 
11,900 
10,700 

10, 100 
9,910 
9,430 
8,510 
7,760 

7,760 
7,620 
7.620 
7,190 
6,770 
6,120 



52, 200 
49,800 
46, 700 
43,800 
43,400 



15, 200 
14, 600 
14, 800 
20,400 
30, 200 

35,800 
36,500 
35,400 
49,000 
51,400 

45, 
41, 600 
38, 200 
35,400 
32,800 

29,300 
25,400 
23, 500 
21,400 
18, 500 

15,700 
15,500 
21, 100 
20, 600 
18,900 

18,700 
31,800 
33,800 
26, 300 
22, 900 



6,500 
7,330 
6,770 
5,990 
5,380 

5,380 
4,560 
4,130 
4,020 
5,260 

5,140 
5,500 
6,630 
9,910 
12, 600 

8,360 
7,910 
7,330 
7,190 
6,770 

6,370 
5,500 
4,560 
5,380 
5,620 

5,260 
5,380 
5,620 
5,740 
5,380 



19,200 
17, 400 
21,900 
21,900 
16, 100 



20,100 
19, 600 
19,900 
20, 100 
19,600 

18,000 
16, 300 
14, 600 
14,400 
13, 600 

12,800 
10, 900 
11,400 
14,000 
11,000 

9,430 
9,750 
9,910 
10, 400 
10, 900 

13, 100 
13, 800 
12, 900 
9,910 
9,120 

9,430 
8,660 
10, 200 
12, 900 
13, 100 
12,800 



5,620 
5,740 
5,740 
5,500 
5,860 

6,630 
5,620 
6,120 
7,190 



9,590 
7,910 
6,630 
6,120 
7,050 

6,500 
8,210 
8,210 
7,050 
7,480 

7,050 
6,500 
6,630 
6,500 
6,910 

6,770 
6,500 
5,740 
6,630 
8,210 
10,400 



8,360 
11,200 
13,800 
15,000 
13,300 



11; 
11, 200 
10, 600 
10, 100 
10, 900 

10,700 
10,400 
10,700 
11,000 
10, 600 

10, 100 
11,400 
14,400 
15, 200 
15,700 

10, 100 
8,960 
6,630 
6,370 
8,210 

9,280 
9,120 
8,510 
8,060 
5, 

6,240 
6, 910 
7,050 
6,240 
5,620 
4,450 



8,660 

7, 

6,770 

6,120 

5, 

5,620 
5,500 
5,260 
5,380 
5,500 

5,620 
6,910 
6,500 
5,990 
6,240 

6,500 
6,370 
6,370 
6,630 

7, 

8,360 
8,510 
6,770 
5,740 
5,990 

5,740 
5,500 
5,260 
5,500 
5,380 
5,260 



7,760 
6,770 
8, 510 
9,750 



3,260 
3,440 
4,790 
5,620 
5,260 

5,020 
4,900 
4,340 
3,440 
4,790 

6,120 
6,630 
6,120 
6,370 
7,050 

6,630 
6,240 
5,990 
5,740 
5.380 

5,380 
5,500 
5,380 
5,260 
5,140 

5,020 
4,790 
4,450 
4,130 
4,450 



5,380 
5,500 
5,260 
5,620 
4,900 

4,340 
5,020 
5,140 
4,790 
5,020 

4,450 
4,130 
4,340 
4,130 
4,230 

4,560 
4,230 
4,230 
4,020 
3,920 

4,130 
6,120 
5,500 
3,620 
4,020 

3,350 
2,830 
2,920 
3,000 
2,580 



4,790 
5,020 
4,680 

4,450 

4,020 
5,260 
6,770 

7,190 

6,630 
5,260 
5,140 

5,260 

4,900 
5,020 
4,900 
4,560 
4,450 

5,740 
7,330 
6,770 
5,740 
5,140 

4,1 

4,1 

6.770 
21, 600 
23, 200 
20, 100 



2,500 
2.350 
2,200 
2,280 
2,200 

2,060 
2,130 
2,130 

1,1 
1,930 

1,810 
2,060 
2,200 
2,200 
2,200 

2,350 
2,280 
2,350 
2,430 
2,500 

2,430 
2,350 
2,430 
2,500 
2,660 

2,500 
2,350 
2.200 
2,200 
2,060 



16, 600 
13, i 
11,400 
10, 600 
10, 900 

10, 100 
8,660 
8,060 
!,■ 
6,770 

7,190 
7,330 

!,■ 

7,620 

7,910 

8,210 
7,760 
7,910 
8,360 
8,210 

7,910 
7,910 
7,910 
7,190 
7,190 

7,760 
7,050 
7,190 
8,510 
8,210 



6,500 
6,240 
10,100 



2,060 
2,200 
2,280 
2,130 
2,060 

1,930 
1,930 
2,130 
2,500 
2,350 

2,350 
2,580 
3,350 
4,020 
4,130 

4,130 
3,920 
3,820 
3,440 
3,170 

3,000 
2,830 
2,660 
2,660 
2,500 

2,660 
2,660 
2,660 
2,500 
2,660 



4,560 
4,340 
4,560 
4,560 
6,370 



18,500 
17,800 
15,400 
12,900 
11,700 



9,590 
8,960 
8,960 
8,510 
8,210 



15042°— wsp 279—12- 



50 WATER RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Penobscot River at West Enfield, 1901-1909 — Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1904. 
6 










39,900 
43,100 
29,600 
25,700 
25,700 

36, 100 
46, 700 
48,200 
41,600 
37, 200 

40,200 
48, 600 
49,000 
46,300 
48, 200 

49,800 
43,800 
39, 600 
38,500 
34,800 

27,800 
23,500 
22,900 
21, 100 
19, 600 
19,900 

16,800 
17,000 
16, 600 
16,800 
16,600 

15,700 
15,000 
14, 600 
15, 400 
15,400 

15, 000 
14,600 
15,900 
15,000 
14,400 

15.500 
15, 700 
17,400 
20, 100 
23,500 

22.400 
20,900 
19,900 
18,500 
18,700 

18,700 
18,500 
17, 800 
17,000 
15,900 
14, 600 

45,600 
49, 400 
52,400 
53,600 
52,800 

52,400 
51,700 
52, 100 
50,500 
51,700 


17,800 
19,200 
20,900 
18,000 
16, 600 

16, 100 
15, 700 
15,000 
13,800 
12,400 

10,900 
10, 400 
11,400 
13, 600 
12, 400 

11,200 
10,700 
10, 600 
9,910 
9,280 

9,590 
10,400 
9,910 
8,060 
6,910 

14, 800 
13, 600 
12,200 
11, 000 
10,400 

9,590 
10,400 
9,750 
8,660 
7,910 

7,620 
8,510 
9,120 
9,590 
9,590 

9,430 
9,430 
8,360 
7,480 
7,620 

7,190 
6,910 
6,630 
5,990 
5,620 

6,380 
5,860 
5,860 
5,140 
4,900 

21,400 
20,600 
20, 400 
20,900 
19,600 

19, 200 
21,600 
17,800 
17,400 
17,000 


12,200 
11,000 
9,750 
8,960 
8,660 

10,700 
8,660 
8,360 
9,120 
9,910 

8,360 
7,190 
9,120 
7,050 
7,330 

7,760 
8,210 
6,240 
5.990 
6,630 

5,860 
7,050 
8,060 
6,120 
5,620 
5,740 

4,130 
4,680 
6,370 
6,910 
7,620 

6,500 
5,620 
4,900 
4,450 
4,900 

5,500 
6,770 
5,500 
5,260 
4,900 

4,230 
5,860 
6,120 
5,500 
5,260 

5,020 
4,790 
4,790 
5,500 
5,380 

5,860 
5,500 
5,380 
5,620 
5,740 
6,120 

8,360 
6,910 
9,280 
8,360 
9,120 

9,750 
8,360 
8,810 
11,200 
10,200 


8,810 
8,060 
7,760 
8,060 
7,910 

8,210 
8,510 
8,210 
7,910 
7,620 

7,910 
7,480 
6,910 
6,240 
5,380 

6,120 
7,190 
6,370 
5,990 
5,740 

5,380 
4,900 
4,340 
4,560 
4,560 
4,450 

7,050 
6,630 
6,240 
6,120 
6,630 

6,770 
5,260 
5,380 
5,740 
6,770 

6,120 
4,450 
4,020 
4,560 
4,230 

4,020 
4,900 
5,500 
5,500 
5,140 

5,260 
4,230 
3,820 
3,440 
3,080 

3,080 
3,820 
4,230 
4,340 
4,020 
4,560 

9,120 
8,810 
8,360 
7,620 
7,330 

6,910 
6,630 
7,190 
7,480 
7,760 


6,770 
6,630 
5,860 
5,500 
5,500 

5,260 
5,020 
5,140 
4,450 
5,140 

8,660 

io;ioo 

9,120 
8,060 
8,360 

7,910 
8,210 
7,910 
8,060 
9,910 

11. 700 
11,000 
9,590 
10,200 
12,200 

5,140 
4,900 
5,140 
5,020 
5,140 

5,140 
4,560 
4,020 
3,720 
3,620 

3,530 
3,350 
3,820 
3,170 
3,440 

3,350 
3,260 
3,620 
3,920 
4.130 

4,130 
4,130 
3,820 
3,620 
4,230 

3,920 
3,920 
4,130 
4,230 
4,020 

6,120 
5,020 
4.900 
5,380 
5,990 

5,620 
5,260 
5,020 
4,450 
4,130 


10,900 
9,910 
9,590 
9,280 
8,660 

8,210 
8,060 
7,910 
8,210 
8,210 

8,060 
8,060 
7,910 
7,760 
7,620 

7,330 
9,280 
13,500 
12,900 
11, 600 

10,900 
12,200 
12,900 
12,200 
11,000 
9,750 

3,530 
3,720 
3,720 
3,620 
3,260 

3,260 
2,920 
3,170 
3,000 
2,830 

3.000 
3,000 
3,170 
3,170 
3,350 

3,260 
3,000 
2,830 
2,830 
2,830 

2,430 
1,930 
2,350 
1,930 
1,870 

1,810 
1,930 
1,930 
1,630 
1,810 
1,930 

3,170 
3,350 
3,350 
3,170 
3,000 

3,170 
3,170 
3,530 
3,530 
4,560 


7,910 
8,060 
9,120 
8,810 
8,510 

8,210 
7,910 
7,760 
7,760 
7,480 

6,770 
6,500 
6,240 
6,500 
6,370 

6,370 
7,330 
7,190 
7,190 
7,050 

6,770 
6,630 
5,990 
5,740 
5,500 


6,240 
6,120 
6,770 


7 










8 










9 








27,200 
33, 100 

40, 600 
43, 800 
42,400 
38,200 
34,400 

29,300 
24,800 
22, 700 
22, 100 
22, 700 

22, 100 
21,900 
22,700 
24,300 
26, 600 

34,400 
36,500 
37,200 
37,800 
43, 100 


7,190 


10 








8,360 


11 








8,360 


12 








8,060 


13 








14 










15 










16 










17 










18 










19 










20 










21... 










22 










23 










24 










25 










26 










27 










28 










29 










30 










31 










■ 1905. 
1 










1,930 
2,130 
2,740 
3,000 
2,660 

2,830 
2,920 
2,660 
2,920 
2,660 

2,500 
2,000 
2,430 
2,500 
2,000 

1,930 
2,830 
3,000 
3,170 
3,440 

3,080 
2,830 
2,660 
2.660 
2,200 

1,760 
2,500 
3,260 
2,660 
3,000 




2 












3 












4 












5 












6 












7 












8 












9 












10 












11 










33, 800 
34, 100 
33, 800 
31,800 
30, 600 

29, 600 
28, 400 
26,300 
23,200 
21,400 

21, 100 
22, 900 
23,700 
23,700 
22,400 

21,400 
19. 900 
20, 100 
18, 700 
17,600 




12 










13 










14 










15 










16 










17 










18 










19 










20. . . 










21 










22 










23 










24 










25 










26 










27 










28 










29 










30 










31 










1906. 
1 










12,200 
12,100 
13,600 
14,800 
14,000 

12,900 
12, 100 
11,000 
10,700 
9,910 




2 












3 












4 












5. 












6 












7 












8 












9... 












10 













STEEAM FLOW. 51 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Penobscot River at West Enfield, 1901-1909 — Continued. 



Jan. 



Feb. 



Mar. 



Apr. 



May. 



June. 



July 



Aug. 



Sept. 



Oct. 



Nov. 



Dec. 



14,600 
14,600 
13,600 
12,900 
12,200 

11,400 
10, 200 
9,750 
9,910 
12,100 

11,200 
10,200 
9,280 
9,120 
10,600 



31,500 
45, 600 
50,900 
50, 100 
49,400 

46,700 
47,100 
47, 100 
44,200 
40,900 

40,900 
41,300 
41,600 
43, 100 
44, 200 



26,300 
36, 500 
51,800 

56,900 
60,000 
63,100 
74,200 
80,000 



25,400 
23,700 
20, 900 
22, 100 
20,100 

17,000 
15,700 
15, 700 
16,100 
15,700 

16,100 
15,700 
16,100 
16, 100 
16,100 



51,300 
45,600 
44,900 
47, 100 

43,800 
46,700 
44, 500 
45, 200 
40,600 

35,400 
28,100 
22, 100 
25, 100 
27,500 

24,300 
21,900 
21,400 
22, 100 
23, 200 
24,000 



87,100 
91,400 
84,200 
70,900 
64,300 

57,200 
61,000 
47,400 
44, 900 
41,300 

35, 400 
31,800 
29, 600 
28, 100 
27, 200 

27,800 
27, 500 
30, 600 
33,800 
36,500 

33, 100 
29,900 
26, 900 
25,100 
25,100 

23,500 
22, 400 
26,000 
28,100 
29,900 
27,800 



58,800 
68,900 
65, 600 
61,200 
53,600 

49,800 
44, 200 
39, 500 
37,500 
42,400 

46,700 
48,200 
51,300 
47,900 



16,800 
16,800 
15,700 
12, 100 
9,120 

7,760 
8,360 
9,750 
9,750 
9,910 

10,400 
12,600 
13,600 
12, 100 
10,900 

12,200 
10,900 
9,750 
8,660 
9,750 



26,300 
25,100 
23, 200 
21,900 
20,900 

21,100 
27, 500 
26,300 
25,700 
26,600 

24,300 
20, 600 
17,800 
16, 100 
15,200 

14,400 
13,800 
14,000 
13,600 
13,100 

12,800 
11,900 
10,400 
10,900 
13,600 

17,400 
19, 400 
30, i 
31,200 
29,900 



33,; 

42,000 

38,800 

36,800 

32,800 

26,900 
24,300 
21,900 
20,100 
19,200 

18,500 
17,600 
15,900 
13,500 
12,900 



8,360 
6,910 
9,590 
12, 400 
11,400 

9,120 
8,060 
8,060 
7,760 
7,620 

7,620 
7,760 
9,120 
8,810 
8,510 

7,760 
7,190 
6,910 
7,620 
6,240 
8,210 



28, 400 
30,900 
31 ! 
28'ioO 
25,700 

25.700 
21,400 
19, 200 
18,700 
18,500 

17,600 
16,300 
15, 500 
15,000 
14,800 

15,900 
15,900 
13,800 
12, 200 
11,200 

11,200 
12, 400 
12,100 
12,400 
12,600 

13,800 
15,500 
16,100 
14,800 
13,600 
13,500 



8,810 
8,360 
6,770 
5,990 
5,380 

5,860 
6,240 
6,640 
8,210 
9,430 

8,510 
8,060 
7,620 
8,360 
7,620 



7,330 
7,480 
6,770 
6,500 
5,860 

5,860 
5,860 
5,990 
5,140 
5,740 

5,990 
6,240 
6,370 
7,050 
6,240 

5,740 
6,120 
6,630 
7.050 
7; 330 
7,910 



13. 100 
13, 600 
14, 600 
12,800 
11,900 

14,800 
18,300 
18, 700 
16, 600 
13,600 

12,100 
11,000 
10,900 
10,600 
10,100 

9,750 
9,590 
9, 430 
9,280 
9,120 

8,810 
8,210 
7,480 
8,510 
7,760 

7,480 
7,620 
7,330 
7,050 
6,910 
6,630 



7,190 
6,770 
5,740 
5,140 
4,560 



5, 
6,240 
5,990 
5,: 

5,620 

5, 

5,140 

4,900 

5,620 



4,130 
4,230 
3,920 
4,130 
4,020 

3,720 
3,720 
3,530 
3,530 
3,620 

4,130 
4,020 
3,530 
3,720 
3,720 

3,620 
3,620 
3,530 
3,530 
3,350 



6,120 
5,740 
5,990 
6,370 
7,760 

11,200 
11,900 
10,400 
9,120 
8,660 

7,480 
7,760 
8,360 
7,620 
6,910 

6,500 
6,240 
6,240 
5,990 
5,740 

6,120 
5,620 
5,380 
6,370 
8,960 

10,100 
9,750 
8,360 
7,190 
7,480 



5,620 

5,620 

5, 

5,: 

5,; 

6,120 

5, 

5,020 

5,020 

4,790 

4,450 
4,130 
4,340 
4,450 
4,450 



15,400 
16, 600 
12,600 
10,700 
9,120 



8,060 
7,330 
6,910 
6,370 

6,120 
6,240 
6,910 
8,060 
8,810 

12,100 
14, 200 
14, 400 
15, 000 
14,; 
12,800 



8,210 
7,910 
7,910 
8,810 
9,590 

8,810 
8,360 
8,960 
16,800 
18,300 

15,900 
12,900 
11,700 
11,400 
11,000 

11,000 
10,600 
9,590 
7,910 
6,770 

6,240 
6,120 
6,910 
6,630 
7,330 



16,600 
17,400 



2,200 

3, 

3,530 

3,820 

4,130 

4,130 
3,920 
3,720 
3,530 
3,350 

3,170 
3,350 
3,350 
3,530 
3,350 



9,750 
9,750 

10, 100 
9,750 

10,400 

10,700 
11,600 
11,600 
11, 600 
12,400 

12, 100 
12,400 
11,900 
11,600 
9,910 

9,120 
8,810 
7,620 
7,620 
8,360 



14,600 
13,800 
16,800 
19,900 
20,400 

18,300 
20, 400 
43,800 
42,000 
36,800 

34, 100 
31,500 
29, 600 
27,500 
26,000 

23,700 
21,900 
20, 400 
19, 
18,700 

18,300 
17,600 
17,200 
17,000 
16,300 

17,200 

17,800 

17, 

17,400 

17,000 



4,520 

4, 

4,380 

4, 

4,470 

4,340 
4,020 
3,720 
3,190 
3,240 

3,840 
3,940 
4,050 
4,070 
4,170 



16,300 
15,400 
14,600 
14,600 
13,800 

11,900 
8,960 
8.360 
7; 910 
9,750 

25,100 
39,600 
31,800 
24,600 
19,400 

21,100 
21,600 
21,400 
19,900 
16,100 

13,800 
12,900 
11,900 
16,300 
17,000 

17,600 
17,800 
16,300 
13,300 
12,200 
11,000 



4,680 
4,930 
4,210 
4,790 



52 



WATER EESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Penobscot River at West Enfield, 1901-1909 — Continued. 



Day. 



Jan. 



Feb. 



Mar. 



Apr. 



May. 



June. 



July. 



Aug. 



Sept. 



Oct. 



Nov. 



Dec. 



1908. 



11,600 
12,400 
13, 600 
13,600 



27,800 
28, 400 
28, 100 
25, 700 



17,000 
18,300 
17,800 
17,200 
16,300 

16, 100 
15, 700 
16,300 
19,400 
23,700 



33, i 
47, 500 
60,000 
59,600 



1909. 



62,000 
57,100 
55,000 
57, 100 

56,700 
56, 500 
55. 300 
56, 500 
55,000 

48,900 

46,000 

43,900 

43, 

42,300 



40,900 
40,900 
41,600 
39,500 
36,800 

32,800 
27,800 
26,000 
24,600 
22, 700 

21,100 
21,600 
22,100 
21, 100 
20, 600 
22, 400 



37,1 

36,800 

36,600 

30,600 

39,000 

39,000 
39, 200 
39,800 
41,100 
44,200 

48,000 
48,600 
45,700 
43,600 
43,000 

45,700 
48,: 
45,700 
46, 000 



42, 600 
39,000 
36,600 
34, 800 
35,000 

32,700 
28,700 
27, 100 
26, 300 
25,700 
21,500 



12, 400 
12, 200 
12, 100 
11,600 
10,700 

11,000 
11,400 
11,600 
10,600 
10,100 

10, 400 
9,910 
8,810 
8,060 



20,600 
19,500 
18,000 
17,000 
15,600 

13, 400 
13,000 
14, 100 
16,000 
15,000 

14, 100 
13,000 
11,800 
9,880 
9,270 



11, 

18,200 

17,000 

13,500 
12,300 
12,000 
11,600 
10,700 

10,200 
9,720 
9,120 
8,980 
9,720 



10 



570 



6,120 
6,770 
6,910 
7,480 

7,' 

7,050 
6,910 
6,240 
5,620 
5,990 

5,; 

5,; 

5,: 

5,740 

5,500 

5,500 



6,140 
6,020 

5,770 
5,650 

4,970 
4,350 
3,970 
3,790 
4,060 

4,260 
4,450 
4,760 
4,450 

4,160 
3,970 
4,350 
4,760 
5, ' 

5,300 
5,540 
5,300 
5,650 
5,890 

6,390 
6,910 
6,390 
5,650 
5,300 
5, 



4,340 
4,130 
3,820 
3,920 

3,720 
3,530 
3,350 
3,350 
3,530 

3,260 
2,130 
1,670 
1,870 
2,200 



4,970 

5,190 

5,770 

5,. 

6,140 

6,140 
7,440 
7,040 
6,650 
6,390 

6,910 
6,960 
7,170 
7,170 
7,170 

7,120 
7,120 
6,910 
6,700 
6,340 

5,540 
4,510 
4,350 
4,160 
4,160 

4,160 

4,550 

16, 400 

61,200 

76,300 



3,530 
3,530 
3,350 
3,260 
3,350 

3,350 
3,170 
3,170 
2,920 
2,280 

2,060 
2,830 
4,000 
4,740 
4,430 
4,520 



51,500 
40,200 
34, 200 
29,300 
25,000 

23,; 
21,200 
19, 

17, 100 
14,; 

13,400 
12, 500 
11,400 
10,300 
10,000 

10,000 
9,880 
9, 
9,270 
8,770 

8,570 
8,540 
8,370 
8,320 
8,770 

9,910 
10,000 
9,840 
9,150 
8,600 
8,320 



3,660 
3,820 
4,260 
4,260 
4,360 

4,210 
8, 680 
3,050 
3,620 
3,720 

3,660 
4,280 
4,880 
4,700 
4,490 



7,950 
7,930 
8,430 
11,700 
13,600 

13,300 
13,200 
11,600 
11,300 
11,300 

10,800 
10,200 
9,360 
9,240 
9,120 

9,060 
8,890 
9,060 
9,120 
8,770 

8,400 
8,040 
8,260 
8,660 
9,060 

11,300 
23, 500 
22, 200 
20,500 
17,600 



15, 600 
14,400 
14,009 
13,600 
13,500 

13,400 
13, 600 
13, 100 
12,500 
13,500 

8,830 
7,980 
6,910 
8,400 
9,180 

9,270 
9,120 
9,360 



7,580 
7,490 
7,440 
7,220 
6,650 



7,040 
6,190 
5,800 
5,500 
5,200 



STREAM FLOW. 



63 



Monthly discharge of Penobscot River at West Enfield, 1901-1909. 
[Drainage area, 6,600 square miles.*] 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. 



Minimum. 



Mean. 



Per 

square 
mile. 



Run-off 
(depth in 
inches on 
drainage 
area).' 



1901. 

Nov.5-30 

Dec. 1-20 

1902. 

January 

Feb. 1-8 

Mar. 28-31 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

Dec. 1-8 

1903. 

Mar. 12-31 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

Dec. 1-14 

1904. 

Apr. 9-30 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

Dec. 1-12 

1905. 

Apr. 11-30 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

1906. 

Apr. 16-30 

May 

June 

July 

August. 

September 

October 

November 



3,920 
69, 007 



16,300 
11, 600 
73,400 
69,400 
39,900 
51,400 
20, 100 
15, 700 
7,050 
23, 200 
16, 600 
10, 100 



93,400 
50, 200 
24, 600 
12, 600 
10,400 
8,660 
6,120 
2,660 
4,130 
3,920 



34, 100 
23,500 
14,800 
7,620 
7,050 
5,140 
3,720 
3,440 



50, 



3,000 
3,000 



3,350 
9,750 
55,300 
26,900 
14,000 
14,600 
8,660 
4,450 
3,260 
4,020 
6,770 
5,860 



37,500 
23,500 
6,120 
4,020 
5,500 
5,260 
2,580 
1,810 
1,930 
2,350 



21,900 
19,600 
6,910 
5,620 
4,340 
4,340 
7,330 
5,500 
5,380 



17,600 
14,400 
4,900 
4,130 
3,080 
3,170 
1,630 
1,760 



31,500 
21,400 
7,760 
6,240 
5,140 
3,350 
3,000 
7,620 



3,100 
15, 200 



8,060 

10, 700 

63,200 

39,000 

22,900 

28,000 

13,300 

9,430 

5,220 

7,000 

8,640 

7,240 



51,800 
34,800 
13,900 
6,250 
6,950 
6,280 
4,380 
2,260 
2,780 
2,680 



31,300 
38, 200 
13,900 
8,750 
6,990 
7,360 
10, 600 
7,460 



25, 200 
17, 100 
8,480 
5,510 
5,000 
4,070 
2,740 
2,630 



44,300 
40,600 
14, 100 
8,560 
6,850 
4,240 
8,230 
11, 000 



0.470 
2.30 



1.22 
1.62 
9.58 
5.91 
3.47 
4.24 
2.02 
1.43 
.791 
1.06 
1.31 
1.10 



7.85 
5.27 
2.11 
.947 
1.05 
.952 
.664 
.340 
.421 
.406 



4.74 
5.79 
2.11 
1.33 
1.06 
1.12 
1.61 
1.13 
1.01 



3.82 
2.59 
1.28 
.835 
.758 
.617 
.415 



6.71 
6.15 
2.14 
1.30 
1.04 
.643 
1.25 
1.67 



0.45 
1.71 



1.41 

.48 

1.43 

6.59 

4.00 

4.73 

2.33 

1.65 

.88 

1.22 

1.46 

.33 



5.84 

5.88 

2.43 

1.06 

1.21 

1.10 

.74 

.39 

.47 

.21 



6.68 
2.35 
1.53 
1.22 
1.25 
1.86 
1.26 
.45 



2.84 

2.99 

1.43 

.96 

.87 



3.74 
7.09 
2.39 
1.50 
1.20 
.72 
1.44 
1.86 



a Includes Chamberlain Lake basin, 270 square miles. 



54 WATER EESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Monthly discharge of Penobscot River at West Enfield, 1901-1909 — Continued. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum, 



Miiimum. 



Mean. 



Per 
square 
mile. 



Run-ofl 
(depth in 
inches on 

drainage 
area). 



Accu- 
racy. 



January 

February . . 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September . 

October 

November. 
December. . 



1907. 



The year. 



January 

February . . 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

(September. 

October 

November . 
December. . 



1908. 



The year. 



January 

February . . 
March . . . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September. 

October 

November. 
December. . 



The year. 



80,000 
91,400 
31,200 
31,800 
18, 700 
11,900 
18,300 
43,800 
39,600 



91,400 



14, ( 



28, 400 
60, 000 
68, 900 
42, 000 
10, 400 
7,760 
6,120 
4,740 
4,880 



68, 900 



62, 000 
48, 600 
20,600 
10,000 
6,910 
76,300 
51,500 
23,500 
15, 600 



76,300 



22,400 
10, 400 
11, 200 
6,630 
5,380 
6,120 
13,800 
7,910 



6,820 
3,960 
2,930 
17,600 
40,200 
19,900 
17,600 
10,800 
7,580 
10, 100 
22, 400 
16,800 



1.03 
.600 
.444 
2.67 
6.10 
3.02 
2.67 
1.64 
1.15 
1.53 
3.39 
2.55 



14, 700 



2.23 



15,700 
20, 600 
8,060 
5,380 
4,560 
1,670 
2,060 
3,050 



11,300 
10,400 
11, 200 
22, 600 
39,400 
17, 800 
7,900 
6,000 
4,220 
3,450 
4,040 
3,960 



1.71 
1.58 
1.70 
3.42 
5.97 
2.70 
1.20 
.909 
.639 
.523 
.612 
.600 



11, 900 



21,500 
8,680 
6,520 
3,790 
4,160 
8,320 
7,930 



4,740 
3,290 
7,290 
37,000 
38, 700 
13, 100 
8,520 
5,110 
10, 600 
15, 500 
11,400 
9,540 



0.718 
.498 
1.10 
5.61 
5.86 
1.98 
1.29 
.774 
1.61 
2.35 
1.73 
1.45 



3,790 



13,700 



1.19 
.62 
.51 
2.98 
7.03 
3.37 
3.08 
1.89 
1.28 
1.76 
3.78 
2.94 



30.43 



1.97 

1.70 

1.96 

3.82 

6.88 

3.01 

1.38 

1.05 

.71 

.60 

.68 



24. 



0.83 
.52 
1.27 
6.26 
6.76 
2.21 
1.49 
.89 
1.80 
2.71 
1.93 
1.67 



28.34 



Note. — Estimates of discharge during winter periods 1907-8 taken as the sum of the four stations above 
West Enfield, viz: Millinocket, Grindstone, Mattawamkeag, and Foxcroft, plus an inflow below these four 
stations and above West E nfleld . The rate of inflow per square mile was assumed to be about equivalent 
to the average rate of Foxcroft and Mattawamkeag for the period in question. 

Note. — Discharge for the frozen periods based on studies of climatologic data and comparisons with other 
stations. 

Mean discharge Apr. 1-16 estimated 23,300 second-feet. 



STEEAM FLOW. 



65 



PENOBSCOT RIVER AT SUNKHAZE RIPS, NEAR COSTIGAN. 

A record of the flow at Sunkhaze Rips, near Costigan, Me., was 
kept from September 15, 1899, to September 22, 1900. The rating 
curve was constructed from tube-float measurements made by George 
F. Hardy and reported to the Supreme Court of Maine on October 23, 
1901. The drainage basin at Sunkhaze Rips has an area of 7,260 
square miles. The results of the measurements at this point are 
given in the following table: 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Penobscot River at Sunkhaze Rips, near Costigan, 

1899-1900. 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1899. 
1 




3,450 
4,250 
5,100 
3,900 
3,550 

3,360 
3,190 
3,300 
3,200 
3,100 

3,100 
2,950 
2,750 
2,630 
2,630 


3,300 
5,600 
10,800 
12,200 
11,000 

10,800 
10,500 
14,000 
9,090 
8,300 

7,620 
7,300 
6,020 
6,240 
6,100 


4,800 
5,100 
5,950 
8,000 
8,750 

8,650 
8,650 
7,700 
8,500 
7,900 

7,440 
7,230 
9,400 
11,500 
11,500 


1899. 
16 


2,640 
2,600 
2,350 
2,900 
2,380 

2,450 
2,750 
2,670 
2,850 
2,450 

a3,410 

a 3, 300 

3,140 

3,020 

3,190 


2,330 
2,410 
2,330 
2,330 
2,390 

2,430 
2,350 
2,100 
2,670 
2,420 

2,320 
2,100 
2,330 
2,160 
«2,000 
2,550 


6,100 
5,800 
4,400 
5,100 
5,250 

5,950 
6,240 
6,700 
6,800 
6,450 

5,600 
5,100 
5,250 
5,600 
5,800 


10,000 
9,750 
10,200 
10,200 
10,500 

11,000 


2 




17 


3 




18 


4 




19 


5 . ... 




20 


6 




21 


7 




22 


11,200 


8 




23 


11,200 


9 




24 


10,300 


10 




25 


9,850 


11 




26 


9,750 


12 




27 


9,200 
8,850 


13 




28 

29 


14 




8,570 
8,400 


15 


2,830 


30 




31 


9,430 









a Shut down at Montague. 



Day. 



Jan. 



Feb. 



Mar. 



Apr. 



May. 



June. 



July. 



Aug. 



1900 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 



9,500 
10,000 
10,500 
11,700 
11,900 

11,200 
11,000 
10,000 
10, 200 
10,200 

10,200 
12, 600 
13 600 
13, 200 
12,800 

12,200 
12,000 
12, 400 
12, 200 
11,800 

11,800 
12, 600 
13, 600 
14,800 
15,600 

16,300 
19,000 
27,500 
32,000 
33,500 
35,400 



36,000 
35,800 
33, 700 
32,200 
31,700 

31,800 
31,500 
31,000 
30,000 
29,200 

27, 200 
26,200 
27,200 
29,800 
43,000 

51,000 
52, 400 
49, 900 
47,300 
45,000 

43,000 
39, 700 
38, 300 
35,700 
34,800 

38,300 
44, 400 
47,300 



47, 600 
47,500 
45, 600 
44, 400 
42,300 

41,400 
39,400 
37, 700 
36, 500 
35, 100 

33, 600 
32, 600 
31,100 
30,500 
29,800 

29,200 
34,800 
44,100 
33, 200 
32,500 

62, 700 
62, 500 
61,300 
59, 500 
58,000 

55,500 
54,800 
57,500 
48, 100 
44,500 
41,300 



40,300 
39, 690 
41,300 
44,500 
46,600 

43, 800 
42, 600 
45, 300 
48,800 
44,500 

48,800 
36, 600 
38,000 
42,600 
44,500 

46, 100 
48, 100 
49,400 
54, 800 
62,400 

62,000 
75, 100 
74, 700 
71, 400 
69,600 

67,500 
65,300 
61,700 
59,500 
56,800 



59, 400 
54, 800 
54, 100 
61,200 
72,500 

74,700 
69,900 
66,900 
63,600 
63,000 

61,700 
58,000 
53, 400 
49,400 
50, 100 

54, 100 
50, 700 
50,800 
48, 800 
54, 100 

62,400 
55, 700 
61,700 
60,000 
57,800 

55,000 
50,800 
49,800 
47, 100 
44, 200 
39,900 



34,300 
30,300 
36,300 
41,600 
38,200 

34,700 
32,300 
30, 300 
27,400 
24,200 

24, 200 
23, 900 
22. 300 
22,000 
18,400 

19,000 
17,500 
14, 600 
13,600 
12,600 

10,500 

9,700 

12, 200 

10, 200 

9,400 

8,300 
8,150 
7,800 
9,000 
10, 200 



11,900 
12, 200 
11,900 
11,300 
11,700 

12,500 
12, 800 
12,800 
13, 200 
14,100 

14, 100 
14, 100 
14, 400 
13,900 
14,600 

14,000 
11,900 
13,200 
16,900 
21,400 

18,700 
14, 400 
12, 900 
11,300 
11,300 

12,200 
15, 100 
15, 100 
14,800 
14,600 
13,600 



14, 100 
13,600 
12, 900 
12,700 
12,400 

12,400 
12,000 
12,000 
12,000 
12,000 

12,000 
13, 400 
13,200 
12, 700 
12,400 

13,400 
12, 400 
12,000 
11,900 
11, 700 

11,200 
10,400 
9,000 
7,650 
6,350 

4,850 
6,600 
6,450 
6,150 
5,950 
6,200 



56 WATER RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Monthly discharge of Penobscot River at SunJchaze Rips, near Costigan, 1899-1900. 
[Drainage area, 7,260 square miles.] 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 








Per 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


square 
mile. 


3,410 


2,350 


2,810 


0.387 


5,100 


2,000 


2,760 


.380 


14,000 


3,300 


7,170 


.988 


11,500 


4,800 


9,020 


1.24 


35, 400 


9,500 


14,900 


2.05 


52, 400 


26,200 


37,300 


5.14 


62,700 


29, 200 


43,800 


6.03 


75, 100 


36, 600 


52,400 


7.22 


74,700 


39,900 


56,600 


7.80 


41, 600 


7,800 


20, 400 


2.81 


21, 400 


11,300 


13,800 


1.90 


14, 100 


4,850 


10,700 


1.47 


6,950 


2,620 


4,520 


.623 



Run-ofif 
(depth in 
inches on 

drainage 
area). 



1899. 

Sept. 15-30 

October 

November 

December 

1900. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

Sept. 1-21 



0.23 
.44 
1.10 
1.43 



2.36 
5.35 
6.95 
8.06 
8.99 
3.14 
2.19 
1.70 
.49 



EAST BRANCH OF PENOBSCOT RIVEH AT GRINDSTONE. 

The East Branch of the Penobscot originally had its headwaters in 
Webster and East Branch streams in the north-central part of the 
State. Prior to 1845 a canal was cut from Telos Lake, in the AUagash 
basin, to Webster Lake, in the Penobscot basin, and a dam was con- 
structed between Chamberlain and Eagle lakes. Thus, by means of 
these artificial structures. Chamberlain Lake, with its drainage basin 
of 270 square miles, was made tributary to the Penobscot. This 
diversion of St. John water is still continued. During the log-driving 
season nearly all of the run-off from this area is thrown to the Penob- 
scot, and during the remainder of the year the gates in the dam at 
Chamberlain Lake are opened and water is allowed to flow both ways. 
On account of the fact that the gates in the dam at the outlet of 
Chamberlain Lake are about 2 feet lower than those in the dam at 
Telos Lake, the flow from this basin to the St. John is greater than 
that to the Penobscot when the gates in both are open. As the surface 
of the lake is lowered the proportion flowing to the St. John increases 
until at extreme low water none flows to^the Penobscot. The basin 
of the East Branch, which, including the 270 square miles of the St. 
John area, comprises an area of 1,100 square miles, is completely 
forested and largely wild, has much undeveloped water power, and 
affords excellent opportunities for water storage. 

The gaging station was established October 23, 1902, at the Bangor 
& Aroostook Railroad bridge, one-half mile south of the railroad 
station at Grindstone. It is about 8 miles above the junction of the 
East Branch with the Penobscot at Medway. No water power is 



STREAM FLOW. 



57 



used on the river above the station, but dams are maintained at the 
outlet of several of the lakes and ponds near the source of the river, 
and the impounded water is used for log driving. 

The datum of the gage has remained the same during the main- 
tenance of the station. The discharge is affected by ice during the 
winter months, and in the log-driving season jams at the station and 
at Grindstone Falls immediately below are liable to materially vitiate 
the published estimates of discharge. 

Conditions for obtaining accurate discharge data are good except 
at low stages, when the current becomes very sluggish. A good 
rating curve has been developed, although more measurements are 
required at extreme low and extreme high stages. 

Discharge measurements of East Branch of Penobscot River at Grindstone^ 1902-1906 

and 1908-9. 



Date. 



1902, 

Oct. 23 

Nov. 26 

1903, 

Apr. 9 

Apr. 14 

Apr. 22 

May 23 

Sept. 9 

Sept. 26 

Oct. 28a 

1904, 

Apr. 29 

Oct. 24 



Gage 
height. 



Feet. 
5 15 
5.41 



7.85 
8.10 
7.20 
6.64 
4.32 
5.36 
4. .58 



9.13 
6.32 



Discharge. 



Second-feet. 
706 
921 



4,670 

5,350 

3,230 

2,580 

223 

824 

474 



8,180 
2,230 



Date. 



1905 

Apr. 14 

Oct. 17 

1908 

Feb. 21^ 

Apr. 23 

Oct. 5 

Oct. 31 

Dec. 2 

1909 

Apr. 29c 

Oct. 27 



Gage 
height. 



Feet. 
7.45 
3.96 



6.83 
6.16 
4.56 
4.69 
5.13 



8.72 
6.06 



Discharge. 



Second-feet. 

4,080 

122 



1,340 

1,950 

393 

433 

733 



5,530 
1,770 



a Measurement made from boat. 

b Gage height to top of ice, 6.83. Average thickness of ice, 1.6 feet. 

c Jam of logs on pier. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of East Branch of Penobscot River, at Grindstone, 1902-1909. 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov- 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1. 


1902. 




6.15 
6.05 
5.90 
5.90 
5.90 

5.80 
5.80 
5.70 
5.65 
5.70 


5.50 
5.50 
5.40 
5.20 
5.20 

5.30 
5.30 
5.30 
5.30 
5.30 


1902. 
11 




5.60 
5.65 
5.80 
5.55 
5.50 

5.50 

5.70 
5.60 
5.55 
5.50 


5.30 
5.30 
5.30 
(a) 


1902. 
21 




5.55 
5.60 
5.60 
5.60 
5.55 

5.50 
5.60 
5.70 
5.55 
5.50 




2 




12 




22 






3 




13 




23 


5.15 
5.10 
5.10 

5.10 
5.10 
5.50 
7.65 
7.05 
6.45 




4 




14 




24 . . 




5 




15 




25 




6 




16 




26 




7 




17 




27 




8 




18 




28 




9 




19 




29 




10 




20 




30 














31 













o Frozen from Dec. 14 to 31. 



58 WATER EESOUECES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of East Branch of Penobscot River at Grindstone, 1902-1909 — Con. 



Day. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1903. 
1 




7.85 
7.55 
7.60 
8.25 
8.30 

7.90 
7.65 
7.50 
7.90 
8.40 

8.40 
8.30 
8.20 
8.10 
8.10 

8.30 
8.20 
7.55 
7.30 
7.00 

6.90 
7.00 
7.15 
7.10 
7.30 

7.50 
7.80 
7.90 
8.05 
8.20 


8.20 
8.05 
7.85 
7.70 
7.15 

6.70 
6.45 
6.75 
7.45 
7.20 

7.20 
7.10 
7.20 
7.50 
8.10 

8.20 
8.35 
8.40 
8.20 
7.10 

7.10 
6.85 
6.60 
5.90 
5.40 

5.20 
5.20 
5.30 
5.10 
5.10 
5.10 


5.70 
5.65 
5.70 
5.65 
5.60 

5.60 
5.60 
5.50 
5.50 
5.50 

4.90 
5.40 
6.00 
6.80 
6.20 

5.60 
5.40 
5.25 
5.40 
5.30 

5.30 
5.30 
5.30 
5.30 
5.30 

5.20 
5.10 
5.10 
5.00 
5.00 


5.00 
5.00 
5.00 
5.00 
5.00 

5.05 
6.20 
6.50 
6.35 
6.70 

7.40 
6.25 
5.40 
5.40 
. 5.90 

7.40 
7.90 
7.85 
7.80 
7.90 

7.90 
7.80 
7.45 
6.30 
6.05 

6.15 
7.20 
7.70 
7.70 
7.70 
7.60 


7.60 
7.40 
7.45 
7.40 
7.25 

7.10 
7.10 
7.10 
7.15 
7.05 

6.70 
6.15 
6.00 
5.85 
5.70 

5.55 
4.90 
4.70 
4.60 
4.90 

5.70 
5.25 
5.05 
4.80 
4.70 

4.60 
4.70 
4.50 
4.50 
4.50 
4.50 


4.50 
4.50 
4.50 
4.50 
4.50 

4.50 
4.40 
4.30 
4.30 
4.30 

4.30 
4.30 
4.30 
4.40 
4.40 

4.40 
4.50 
- 4.50 
4.50 
6.20 

6.20 
6.10 
5.95 
5.80 
5.60 

5.45 
5.20 
5.05 
4.90 
4.80 


4.80 
4.65 
4.50 
4.50 
4.50 

4.50 
4.40 
4.25 
4.10 
4.10 

4.10 
4.10 
4.40 
4.40 
4.30 

4.30 
4.20 
4.50 
4.90 
4.75 

4.55 
4.50 
4.50 
4.50 
4.50 

4.50 
4.50 
4.50 
4.50 
4.50 
4.50 


4.50 
4.50 
4.50 
4.50 
4.55 

4.75 
4.80 
4.80 
4.80 
4.80 

4.90 
5.10 
5.45 
5.40 
5.25 

5.20 
5.10 
5.10 
4.95 
4.75 

4.60 
4.00 
4.45 
4.35 
4.30 

4.30 
4.20 
4.15 




2 






3 






4. 




3 70 


5 






6.. 






7 




3.70 


8 






9 






10 






11 






12 






13 




3 90 


14 






15 






16 






17 






18 






19 






20 




4 


21 






22 






23 






24 


(a) 
10.00 

10.00 
9.85 
9.30 
8.70 
8.40 
8.25 




25 




28 




27 


4.30 


28 




29 




30 




31 













a Frozen Jan. 1 to Mar. 24. 



& Readings Nov. 29 to Dec. 31 through ice. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1904. 
1 










10.30 
10.80 
10.25 
9.60 
9.60 

9.40 

8.40 
7.65 
7.30 
7.75 

8.30 
9.05 
9.50 
8.65 
8.60 

7.30 
8.70 
8.15 
8.40 
8.75 

9.00 
7. 05 
7.95 
7.90 
7.45 


8.70 
8.60 
8.20 
7.25 
7.35 

8.20 
7.90 
7.90 
8.05 
8.20 

8.20 
8.20 
8.05 
8.05 
6.30 

6.40 
6.50 
6.60 
6.15 
5.30 

5.50 
5.40 
5.10 
5.10 
5.10 


6.10 
6.30 
6.60 
6.80 
6.80 

6.40 
6.20 
6.20 
6.20 
6.20 

6.20 
6.20 
6.20 
6.05 
5.65 

5.60 
6.10 
6.40 
6.55 
6.60 

6.80 
6.80 
6.95 
7.20 
7.20 


7.00 
6.80 
6.60 
6.60 
6.70 

6.80 
6.95 
7.00 
7.00 
7.00 

7.00 
6.80 
6.80 
5.40 
5.80 

5.80 
5.55 
5.45 
6.25 
5.20 

5.50 
5.30 
5.30 
5.40 
5.20 


4.60 
4.60 
4.70 
5.40 
5.60 

5.40 
5.05 
5.00 
5.00 
4.80 

4.70 
4.70 
4.70 
4.70 
5.10 

6.20 
5.25 
5.60 
5.65 
5.70 

5.55 
5.35 
5.30 
5.30 
5.80 


7.15 
7.30 
7.30 
6.90 
6.55 

6.30 
6.10 
6.05 
5.90 
5.80 

5.80 
5.85 
5.60 
5.60 
5.60 

5.60 
5.60 
5.50 
5.50 
5.40 

5.40 
6.90 
7.15 
6.35 
6,30 


5.60 
5.60 
5.60 
5.30 
5.30 

5.30 
5.30 
5.30 
5.30 
5.30 

5.20 
5.20 
5.30 
5.30 
5.30 

5.30 
5.30 
5.30 
5.30 
5.30 

5.30 
5.30 
5.30 
5.30 
5.30 




2 












3 - 


4.20 








4.30 


4 






4.80 




5 










6 






3.40 






7 




3.30 




8 










9 












10 


3.50 






6.50 


4.10 


11 








12 












13 






3.40 






14 




3.30 




15 










16 












17. 


3.50 






6.50 
6.50 
6.50 
6.50 

6.70 
7.00 
7.20 
7.20 
7.75 




18 






8.00 


19 










20 






3.60 




21 




3.30 




22 






23 










24 


3.50 








25 






8.00 



STREAM FLOW. 59 

Daily gage height, in feet, of East Branch of Penobscot River at Grindstone, 1902-1909 — Con. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dee. 


26 


1904. 








8.30 
9.00 
9.20 
9.20 
9.90 


7.20 
7.90 
8.70 
8.90 
8.70 
8.70 


5.20 
5.20 
5.20 
5.20 
5.90 


7.20 
7.20 
7.20 
7.20 
7.20 
7.10 


5.20 
5.20 
4.90 
4.85 
4.70 
4.60 


6.05 
6.10 
6.10 
6.55 
6.90 


6.20 
6.10 
6.00 
6.00 
5.75 
5.60 


5.30 




27 






4.40 




28 




3.20 






29 




5.30 




30 










31 


3.50 








3 80 















Note. — River frozen Jan. 1 to Apr. 16 and Nov. 26 to Dec. 31. During frozen season readings are to 
surface of water in liole cut in ice. 
The following measurements of the thickness of the ice were made: 



Feet. 

Jan. 10 1. 15 

Jan. 17, 24, 31 1. 35 

Feb. 7, 14,21 1.7 

Feb . 28 1. 85 

Mar. 6 2. 15 

Mar. 13 2. 1 

Mar. 20 2. 

Mar. 27 1. 85 



Feet. 

Apr. 4 1. 35 

Nov. 29 85 

Dec. 3 -•-.. .85 

Dec. 10 1. 

Dec. 18 1. 15 

Dec. 25 1.4 

Dec. 31 1.6 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


Jime. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1905. 
1 










7.35 

7.25 
7.1 
6.95 
6.4 

5.85 
5.95 
5.9 

5.85 
5.85 

5.85 

5.85 

5.85 

6.1 

6.2 

6.35 

6.5 

7.0 

7.4 

7.55 

7.5 

7.25 

7.25 

7.25 

7.45 

7.55 

7.55 

7.25 

7.15 

6.6 

6.35 


6.25 
5.95 
6.05 
6.45 
7.15 

7.35 
7.05 
7.05 
7.05 
7.15 

7.1 

7.05 
7.05 
7.05 
7.05 

7.05 

6.8 

6.25 

5.35 

5.4 

5.15 
5.05 
5.05 
5.05 
5.1 

5.25 

5.25 

5.3 

5.35 

5.35 


5.35 

5.4 

5.55 

5.55 

5.55 

5.6 

5.35 

5.3 

5.35 

5.4 

6.35 

6.15 

6.05 

6.0 

5.9 

5.9 

5.9 

6.15 

6.7 

6.9 

6.9 
6.9 

6.85 

6.8 

7.0 

7.35 

7.4 
7.4 
7.4 
7.4 
7.4 


5.4 

5.05 

4.9 

4.75 

4.7 

4.8 
4.9 
4.9 
4.9 
4.65 

4.6 
4.5 
4.5 

4.5 
4.5 

4.5 
4.5 
4.5 
4.5 
4.5 

4.5 
4.5 
4.4 
4.4 
4.4 

5.85 

6.2 

6.35 

6.8 

6.9 

7.1 


7.3 

7.3 

7.3 

7.05 

6.25 

6.1 

5.85 

5.3 

5.15 

4.8 

4.6 
4.4 
4.2 
4.2 
4.4 

4.4 
4.5 
4.5 
4.5 
4.5 

4.5 
4.5 
4.3 
4.2 
4.2 

4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 


4.2 

4.15 

4.1 

4.1 

4.1 

4.1 
4.1 
4.1 
4.4 
4.3 

4.1 

4.1 
4.1 
4.1 
4.1 

4.1 
4.2 
4.3 
4.3 
4.3 

4.3 
4.3 
4.3 
4.3 
4.05 

3.9 
3.9 
3.9 
3.8 
3.8 
3.8 


4.5 
4.5 
4.5 
4.5 
4.4 

4.4 
4.4 
4.4 
4.4 

4.4 

4.4 
4.5 
4.7 
4.7 
4.7 

4.7 
4.7 
4.7 


5.2 


2 








7.15 




3 










4 






5.55 






5 








6 




5.55 








7 


5.65 




8.95 
8.55 
8.4 
7.85 

7.45 

7.45 

7.45 

7.2 

6.95 

6.95 

6.7 

6.25 

6.15 

6.15 

6.85 
7.25 
7.75 
7.85 
7.9 

7.35 

7.0 

7.05 

7.05 

7.15 




8 








9 








4.4 


10 










11 






5.55 




12 




5.55 




13 






14 










15 










16 ... 


5.65 






4.4 


17 








18 




5.55 


5.25 




19 






20 












21 


5.55 










22 










23 








4.9 




24 










25 












26 




5.55 


5.55 




4.4 


27 






28 












29 












30 


5.6 








4.4 


31 























Note. — River frozen Jan. 1 to Apr. 7 and Nov. 19 to Dec. 31. Diuing frozen period gage heights were 
read to the surface of the ice. 
The following measurements of the thickness of the ice were made: 

Feet. 

Jan. 7 1.8 

Jan . 16 2.0 

Jan. 21 2.0 

Jan. 30 2. 

Feb. 6 2.3 

Feb. 12 2.3 

Feb. 18 2.3 

Feb. 26 2.4 

Mar. 4 2. 4 

Mar. 11 2. 4 



Mar. 18. 
Mar. 26. 
Apr. 2.. 
Nov. 23. 
Dec. 1.. 
Dec. 9.. 
Dee. 16., 
Dee. 26., 
Dec. 30., 



Feet. 
.. 2.3 
..1.8 
..1.0 
.. .2 
.. .5 
.. .5 
.. .7 
-. .7 
.. .7 



60 WATER RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of East Branch of Penobscot River at Grindstone, 1902-1909 — Con. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


.May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1906. 
1 










9.4 
9.6 
9.7 
9.8 
9.85 

9.9 
10.25 
10.4 
9.9 
9.6 

9.3 
9.3 
9.3 
9.3 
9.0 

9.0 
9.0 

8.8 
8.7 
8.6 

8.55 

9.3 

9.0 

8.7 
8.9 

8.75 

8.8 

8.4 

8.35 

7.3 

7.2 


7.1 

7.2 
7.9 
7.1 
8.4 

8.25 

8.65 

8.7 

8.65 

8.65 

8.7 

8.65 

7.35 

7.75 

7.25 

6.85 

6.55 

7.8 

6.55 

6.45 

6.4 

6.5 

5.6 

5.85 

5.75 

5.45 

5.25 

5.4 

4.85 

4.85 


4.85 

5.45 

6.2 

6.85 

6.65 

6.7 

7.85 

7.8 

7.85 

7.5 

7.45 
7.4 

7.7 

7.85 

7.65 

7.65 

7.6 

7.5 

7.3 

7.35 

7.35 

7.1 

7.3 

6.9 

6.55 

6.4 

6.2 

6.15 

5.75 

5.25 

4.85 


4.6 
4.5 
4.6 
4.5 
4.5 

4.4 

4.35 

4.35 

4.2 

4.25 

4.3 

t\ 

4.4 
4.35 

4.3 

4.25 

4.2 

4.2 

4.1 

4.1 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 

4.5 

4.65 

4.9 

5.3 

5.45 

5.75 


6.0 
5.9 
5.7 
5.6 
5.45 

5.3 

5.15 

5.1 

5.0 

4.9 

4.9 
4.8 
4.8 
4.7 
4.7 

4.7 

4.7 

4.8 

4.85 

4.9 

5.0 
5.1 
5.1 
5.1 
5.05 

5.0 
5.0 
4.95 
4.9 

4.8 


4.9 
4.9 

4.8 
4.8 
4.7 

4.6 
4.6 
4.7 
4.7 
5.05 

5.85 

6.4 

6.8 

6.7 

6.5 

6.4 

6.15 

6.1 

5.8 

5.55 

5.45 

5.4 

5.2 

5.15 

5.1 

5.0 

5.05 

5.15 

5.05 

4.9 

4.8 


4.75 

4.9 

5.05 

5.2 

5.35 

5.45 

5.7 

5.8 

5.9 

6.3 

6.25 

6.1 

6.0 

6.0 

5.95 

5.9 

5.9 

5.85 

5.9 

5.95 

6.15 

6.25 

6.2 

6.1 

5.9 

5.85 

5.75 

5.7 

5.6 

5.5 


5 3 


2 




5.4 






5.3 


3 




5.6 




5.2 


4 






5 15 


5 




5.1 






5.1 


6 


4.5 


5.15 


6.3 


5.0 


7 • 


4.95 


8 










4 9 


9 










4.85 


10 




5.1 






4.85 


11 








4.8 


12 








5.7 


4 8 


13 






5.2 


4.7 


14 






4.7 


15 










4 7 


16 


4.5 






8.3 


4 6 


17 






4.5 


18 






5.2 


8.7 


4.5 


19 







4.45 


20 




5.0 






4.4 


21 






8.7 
8.7 
8.7 
7.8 
8.05 

8.4 
8.7 
8.9 
9.1 
9.35 


4.4 


22 


5.0 






4.4 


23 






4.4 


24 








4.4 


25 






6.3 


4 4 


26 ... 






4 4 


27 








4.3 


28 








4.3 


29 








4 3 


30 








4.3 


31. . 








4 3 















Note. — River frozen Jan. 1 to Apr. 21 and Nov. 25 to Dec. 31, 1906, inclusive. During the frozen 
period gage heights were taken to water surface through a hole in the ice. The following comparative 
readings were taken: 



Date. 



Jan. 6.. 
Jan. 16. 
Jan. 22. 
Feb. 2. 
Feb. 5. 
Feb. 10 
Feb. 20 
Mar. 3. 
Mar. 6. 
Mar. 13 
Mar. 18 



Water 


Top of 


Thick- 


surface. 


ice. 


of ice. 


Feet. 


Feet. 


Feet. 


4.5 


4.5 


0.8 


4.5 


4.5 


.9 


5.0 


5.0 


.9 


5.4 


5.4 


.9 


5.1 


5.1 


1.2 


5.1 


5.1 


1.4 


5.0 


5.0 


1.8 


5.6 


5.6 


2.1 


5.15 


5.15 


1.9 


5.2 


5.2 


2.0 


5.2 


5.2 


2.0 



Date. 



Mar. 25. 
Apr. 6.. 
Apr. 12. 
Apr. 16. 
Nov. 25 
Dec. 2.. 
Dec. 9.. 
Dec. 16. 
Dec. 23. 
Dec. 30. 



Water 


Top of 


surface. 


ice. 


Feet. 


Feet. 


6.3 


6.3 


6.3 


6.3 


5.7 


5.7 


8.3 


8.3 


5.85 
5.3 






4.85 
4.6 






4.4 


4.4 


4.3 


^ 





Thick- 
ness 
of ice. 



Feet. 



2.0 

1.8 

1.4 

1.2 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.8 

1.0 

1.2 



Note. — Gage heights were probably affected by log jams on Grindstone Falls during June and up 
to July 26, when the river was reported clear. From Aug. 27 to Oct. 16, inclusive, a jam of poles and ties at 
the bridge was reported. 



STREAM FLOW. 61 

Daily gage height, infeet,ofEast Branch of Penobscot River at Grindstone, 1902-1909 — Con. 



Jan. 



Feb. 



Mar. 



Apr. 



May. 



June. 



July. 



Aug. 



Sept. 



Oct. 



Nov. 



4.4 

4.4 

4.35 

4.35 

4.3 



4.3 
4.3 
4.3 
4.3 

4.3 
4.3 
4.3 
4.3 
4.3 

4.3 
4.3 
4.3 
4.3 
4.3 

4.3 
4.3 
4.3 
4.3 
4.3 

4.3 
4.3 
4.3 
4.3 
4.3 
4.35 



6.05 

6.3 

6.5 

6.55 

6.45 

6.35 

6.25 

6.2 

5.95 

5.95 

5.95 
5.95 

5.85 
5.85 
5.85 

5.85 

5.85 

5.85 

5.5 

5.35 

5.25 
5.05 
4.95 
4.95 
4.95 

4.95 
4 95 
4.95 
4.95 
4 95 



4.4 
4.4 
4.4 
4.4 

4.4 
4.4 
4.4 
4.4 
4.4 

4.4 
4.4 
4.4 
4.4 
4.4 

4.4 
4.4 
4.4 
4.4 



4.4 
4.4 
4.4 
4 4 
4 4 

4.4 
4.4 
4 4 



4.95 

4.9 

4.85 

4.85 

4.85 

4.85 
4.85 
4.85 
4.85 
4.85 

4.85 
4.85 
4.85 
4.95 
5.15 

5.35 
5.75 
5.95 
6.25 
6.45 

6.7 

6.85 

6.85 

6.85 

6.85 



6.85 



4.4 
4.4 
4.4 
4.4 
4.45 

4.5 
4.5 
4.5 
4.5 
4.5 

4.5 
4.5 
4.5 
4.5 
4.5 

4.5 
4.5 
4.5 
4.5 
4.5 

4.5 
4.5 
4.5 
4 5 
4 5 

4.5 
4.6 
4 6 
4.6 
4.6 
4.6 



6.65 
6.4 
6.35 
6.35 

6.35 
6.35 
6.35 
6.45 
6.45 

6.45 
6.45 
6.45 
6.45 
6.45 

6.45 

6.45 

6.6 

6.65 

6.65 

6.65 
6.75 
6.75 
6.75 
6.75 

6.85 
6.85 



4.6 
4.6 
4.6 
4.6 



4.7 
4.7 
4.7 

4.7 
4.7 
4.7 
4.9 
5.1 

5.2 

5.25 

5.3 

5.3 

5.3 

5.4 
5.45 
5.5 
5.75 
6 4 

7.9 

9.0 

9.55 

10.1 

11.6 



6.85 

6.8 

6.45 

6.35 

6.45 

6.45 

6.55 

6.55 

6.6 

6.65 

6.65 
6.15 
6.1 

5.85 
5.85 

5.85 

6.05 

6.6 

6.7 

6.7 

6.75 

6.75 

6.45 

6.5 

7.0 

8.75 
8.95 
9.55 
10.05 
9.8 



12.05 
12.15 
11.4 
10.5 
9.95 

9.65 

9.3 

9.5 

9.6 

9.65 



9.75 
9.85 
9.8 
9.75 

10.0 
9.95 
10.45 
10.7 
10.5 

9.95 



).45 

).5 

).35 

).l 

).0 

).15 

).15 



9.4 
11.05 
10.6 
10.0 

9.85 



9.2 
9.05 
9.25 
9.35 

9.2 

8.0 

7.9 

8.25 

8.3 

8.35 

8.2 

8.2 

8.25 

8.2 

7.25 
7.7 
7.3 
6.95 

7.7 

8.4 
8.2 
8.45 
8.25 
80.5 
9.3 



9.4 

9.6 

9.45 

9.45 

9.25 



8.5 
8.25 

7.95 

7.85 
7.65 
7.8 
7.8 

7.5 
7.3 

7.2 
7.1 
7.0 

7.3 

7.45 

7.5 

8.05 

8.45 



9.75 

8.5 

8.15 

8.0 

7.55 

7.5 

7.05 



6.75 

6.7 

6.65 

6.55 

6.35 

6.15 

6.4 

6.05 

5.95 

6.15 

6.35 

6.3 

6.05 

5.9 

5.6 

6.4 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.75 



9.0 

8.95 
8.75 
8.6 
8.55 

8.3 
8.0 
7.9 
7.8 
7.9 

7.6 
7.45 
7.55 
7.4 

7.2 

6.95 

6.7 

6.55 

6.15 

5.5 

5.1 

4.9 

5.85 

6.25 

6.1 

6.0 

5.8 

6.25 

6.7 

7.0 

6.75 



6.2 

5.55 

4.9 

4.9 

4.95 

5.05 
5.95 

7.2 
7.2 
5.8 

7.1 

7.2 

6.55 

5.75 

7.3 

7.45 

7.35 

7.35 

7.3 

7.15 

7.05 

7.5 

7.55 

6.9 

6.3 

6.15 

6.0 

5.8 

5.75 

5.65 

5.6 



6.55 
6.25 
5.95 

5.7 

5.55 

5.1 

4.95 

5.1 

5.3 

5.45 

5.75 

5.9 

5.95 

6.25 
6.45 
6.55 
6.65 
6.4 

6.15 

5.9 

5.65 

5.5 

5.6 

5.7 

5.9 

5.95 

5.75 

5.6 

5.35 



5.55 

5.45 

5.35 

5.3 

5.25 

5.5 
5.5 
5.35 
5.0 

4.7 

4.6 
4.5 
4.6 
5.7 
5.45 

5.1 

4.95 

5.15 

5.55 

5.2 

5.0 

4.85 
4.9 
5.45 
6.0 

5.9 

5.8 
5.65 
5 25 
4.85 
4.55 



5.25 

5.1 

5.25 

5.65 

6.05 

5.8 

5.65 

5.45 

5.35 

5.2 

5.15 
5.15 
5.05 
5.05 
5.1 



4.95 

4.95 

5.05 

5.1 

5.15 

5.25 

5.25 

5.25 

5.2 

4.9 



4.55 

4.5 

4.55 

4.45 

4.45 

4.45 
4.45 
4.45 
4.35 
4.35 

5.3 

5.55 

5.45 

5.4 

5.2 

5.1 

4.95 

5.05 

5.05 

4.75 

4.65 
4.55 
4.45 
4.35 
4.35 

4.35 
4.35 
4.35 
4.25 
5.75 



4.85 

4.75 

4.75 

4.8 

4.85 



5.0 
5.15 
5.35 
5.65 

5.7 

5.65 

5.55 

5.3 

5.1 

4.95 

4.85 
4.85 
4.85 
4.85 

4.9 

5.05 

5.15 

5.1 

5.0 

4.95 

4.95 

4.95 

4.85 

4.9 

4.95 



5.65 

5.5 

4.7 

4.85 

4.65 

4.6 

4.45 

4.4 

4.3 

4.25 

4.4 
4.7 
4.6 
4.5 
4.35 

4.25 

4.2 

4.2 

4.2 

4.2 

4.1 
4.1 
4.1 
4.1 
4.1 

4.1 

4.4 

5.1 

4.75 

4.7 

4.6 



4.95 
4.95 
5.5 
6.65 
7.4 

8.1 

8.85 

9.15 

9.45 

9.4 

8.95 

8.7 

8.2 

7.45 

6.65 

6.05 

5.8 

5.95 

6.05 

6.15 

6.35 
6.35 
6.35 
6.35 
6.35 

6.45 
6.55 
6.55 
6.35 
6.35 



4.6 
4.5 
4.5 
4.5 
4.4 

4.4 
4.3 
4 3 
4.4 
4.35 

4.45 

4.6 

4.7 

4.6 

4.6 

4.65 
4.65 



11.1 




a River frozen Jan. 1 to Apr. 23, 1907, about Jan. 3 to Apr. 22, Nov. 17 to 25, and Dec. 3 to 31, 1908.. Dur- 
ing 1907 gage heights are to the top of the ice, except during March, when there was a considerable depth 
of water on the ice. During 1908 gage heights were taken to water surface in a hole cut in the ice. 
Dviring May and June, 1907, the gage heights were affected by accumulations of logs at the bridge and 
below. 



62 WATER KESOUKCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of East Branch of Penobscot River at Grindstone, 1902-1909— Con. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1909.a 
1 




5.3 






8.0 

7.95 

8.25 

8.3 

8.65 

8.5 
8.9 
9.35 
9.7 
10.2 

11.4 
11.2 
10.7 
10.25 
9.75 

9.5 

9.25 

8.95 

8.8 

8.4 

8.4 

8.15 

8.15 

8.4 

8.3 

8.15 

7.7 
7.6 
8.0 
8.3 

8.2 


7.9 
7.9 

7.8 
7.9 

7.7 

6.1 
6.6 
7.3 

7.75 
7.66 

7.7 
7.35 

7.2 

7.7 
7.7 

7.65 

7.6 

8.0 

9.1 

7.55 

7.1 
7.0 
7.0 
7.1 
7.0 

6.9 
6.8 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 


6.6 

6.45 

6.4 

6.9 

6.8 

6.7 

6.75 

7.0 

7.2 

7.0 

6.7 

6.2 

5.95 

5.9 

6.1 

6.5 

6.7 

6.4 

5.65 

6.2 

6.05 

5.65 

5.6 

5.55 

5.5 

5.5 

5.35 

5.3 

5.2 

5.05 

5.0 


5.0 

4.95 

4.9 

4.9 

4.9 

4.8 
4.8 
4.8 
4.8 
4.8 

4.9 
4.9 

4.85 
4.75 

4.7 

4.7 

4.65 

4.6 

5.05 

5.2 

5.25 
6.1 

6.05 
5.25 
6.7 

6.0 

6.0 

6.0 

5.9 

5.75 

5.6 


6.6 

5.8 

5.75 

6.6 

5.65 

6.75 

6.3 

6.95 

5.75 

5.45 

5.4 

5.4 

5.3 

6.15 

6.1 

6.0 
6.0 
4.9 

4.8 
4.8 

4.8 

4.8 

4.76 

4.7 

4.66 

4.66 
6.3 
9.5 
13.4 
12.0 


9.5 

8.35 

7.65 

7.35 

7.4 

7.55 

7.7 

7.85 

7.85 

7.66 

7.46 

7.3 

7.05 

6.75 

6.5 

6.35 
6.16 
6.05 
6.9 

6.76 

5.7 

5.7 

5.86 

6.9 

6.9 

6.06 

6.1 

6.96 

6.76 

6.66 

6.6 


6.5 

6.6 

5.55 

6.65 

6.7 

6.45 

6.15 

6.0 

5.95 

6.0 

6.0 
5.9 
5.9 
5.9 

5.8 

6.76 

6.7 

6.6 

6.5 

6.5 

6.6 
5.5 
5.6 
6.0 
6.25 

7.96 

7.8 
7.4 
7.1 

7.7 


6.9 


2 


4.6 


6.6 


--■-■ 


6.75 


3 


6.65 


4 


4.6 


5.3 


6.5 


6.4 


5 


6.4 


6.., 




5.3 


6.3 


7.1 


6.35 


7 


7.1 


6.3 


8 -- . 








6.25 


9 


6.1 


5.3 


6.1 


"s.'o" 


6.15 


10 


6.1 


11 


5.8 


""5.'2' 


6.2 


5.95 


12 


6.9 


13 




6.1 


7.8 


5.9 


14 






6.15 


15 


6.5 


5.2 






6.15 


16 


6.1 


10.5 
10.1 
9.3 
9.2 
9.5 

9.8 
10.4 
9.85 
9.75 
9.6 

9.2 
9.0 
9.0 
8.6 
8.2 


6.1 


17 






6.06 


18 


5.4 


5.2 


""'e.'o' 


6.0 


19 


5.95 


20 






6.9 


21 


5.3 






6.85 


22 ... 


6.9 


6.9 


6.7 


23 






24 










25 


6.3 


6.9 


5.9 




26 .... 




27 






6.8 
""'7.'6" 


5.8 


28 . = 


5.3 


6.8 




29 




30 






5.8 


31 






7.4 















o Gage heights affected by ice Jan. 1 to Apr. 15 and Dec. 1 to 31, 1909. Gage heights Jan. 1 to Apr. 10 
and Dec. 27 to 31, 1909, are to top of ice. Logs jammed on bridge pier Apr. 28 to 30, 1909. 

Rating table for East Branch of Penobscot River at Grindstone, 1902-1909 fl 



Gage 
height. 


Dis- 


Gage 


Dis- 


Gage 


Dis- 


Gage 


Dis- 


charge, 


height. 


charge. 


height. 


charge. 


height. 


charge. 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 


3.80 


140 


6.40 


940 


7.00 


3,130 


9.20 


8,380 


3.90 


160 


5.50 


1,030 


7.10 


3,310 


9.40 


8,980 


4.00 


185 


5.60 


1,130 


7.20 


3,496 


9.60 


9,580 


4.10 


210 


5.70 


1,235 


7.30 


3,686 


9.80 


10,180 


4.20 


240 


5.80 


1,345 


7.40 


3,880 


10.00 


10,780 


4.30 


275 


6.90 


1,460 


7.50 


4,080 


10.20 


11,380 


4.40 


315 


6.00 


1,680 


7.60 


4,285 


10.40 


12,000 


4.50 


360 


6.10 


1,705 


7.70 


4,495 


10.60 


12,620 


4.60 


406 


6.20 


1,840 


7.80 


4,710 


10.80 


13,240 


4.70 


456 


6.30 


1,980 


7.90 


4,930 


11.00 


13,860 


4.80 


510 


6.40 


2,130 


8.00 


6,155 


12.00 


16,960 


4.90 


570 


6.50 


2,285 


8.20 


5,620 


13.00 


20, 160 


5.00 


630 


6.60 


2,446 


8.40 


6,110 


14.00 


23,360 


5.10 


700 


6.70 


2,610 


8.60 


6,630 






6.20 


775 


6.80 


2,780 


8.80 


7,190 






6.30 


865 


6.90 


2,956 


9.00 


7,780 







a The above rating supersedes all ratings previously published for this station. 

Note.— The above table is not applicable for ice or obstructed-channel conditions. It is based on dis- 
charge measurements made dxiring 1902-1909, and is well defined between gage heights 4.5 and 10 feet. 



STKEAM FLOW. 



63 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of East Branch of Penobscot River at Grindstone, 

1902-1909. 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




1,770 
1,640 
1,460 
1,460 
1,460 

1,340 
1,340 
1,240 
1,180 
1,240 


1,030 

1,030 

940 

775 
775 

855 
855 
855 
855 
855 


11 
12 
13 
14 
15 

16 
17 
Ig 

19 
2C 






1,130 
1,180 
1,340 
1,080 
1,030 

1,030 
1,240 
1,130 
1,080 
1,030 


855 
855 
855 


21.. 




1,080 
1,130 
1,130 
1,130 
1,080 

1,030 
1,130 
1,240 
1,080 
1,030 




2 








22 






z 








23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 


735 

700 
700 

700 
700 
1,030 
4,390 
3,220 
2,200 




4 . ... 










5 












6 












7 












8 












9 












10.. . . 






























Day. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1903. 
1 




4,820 
4,180 
4,280 
5,740 
5,860 

4,930 
4,390 
4,080 
4,930 
6,110 

6,110 
5,860 
5,620 
5,380 
5,380 

5,860 
5,620 
4,180 
3,680 
3,130 

2,960 
3,130 
3,400 
3,310 
3,680 

4,080 
4,710 
4,930 
5,270 
5,620 


5,620 
5,270 
4,820 
4,500 
3,400 

2,610 
2,200 
2,700 
3,980 
3,500 

3,500 
3,310 
3,500 
4,080 
5,380 

5,620 
5,980 
6,110 
5,620 
3,310 

3,310 
2,860 
2,440 
1,460 
940 

775 
775 
855 
700 
700 
700 

11, 700 
13, 200 
11,300 
9,580 
9,580 

8,980 
6,110 
4,390 
3,680 
4,600 

5,860 
7,930 
9,280 
6,770 
6,630 

3,680 
6,910 
5,500 
6,110 
7,050 


1,240 
1,180 
1,240 
1,180 
1,130 

1,130 
1,130 
1,030 
1,030 
1,030 

570 

940 

1,580 

2,780 

1,840 

1,130 
940 
815 
940 
855 

855 
855 
855 
855 
855 

775 
700 
700 
630 
630 


6,910 
6, 630 
5,620 
3,590 
3,780 

5,620 
4,930 
4,930 
5,27a 
5,620 

5,620 
5,620 
5,270 
5,270 
1,980 

2,130 
2,280 
2,440 
1,770 
855 


630 
630 
630 
630 
630 

665 
1,840 
2,280 
2,060 
2,610 

3,880 

1,910 

940 

940 

1,460 

3,880 
4,930 
4,820 
4,710 
4,930 

4,930 
4,710 
3,980 
1,980 
1,640 

1,770 
3,500 
4,500 
4,500 
4,500 
4,280 

1,700 
1,980 
2,440 
2,780 
2,780 

2,130 
1,840 
1,840 
1,840 
1,840 

1,840 
1,840 
1,840 
1,640 
1,180 

1,130 
1,700 
2,130 
2,360 
2,440 


4,280 
3,880 
3,980 
3,880 
3,590 

3,310 
3,310 
3,310 
3,400 
3,220 

2,610 
1,770 
1,580 
1,400 
1,240 

1,080 
570 
455 
405 
570 

1,240 

815 
665 
510 
455 

405 
455 
360 
360 
360 
360 

3,130 

2,780 
2,440 
2,440 
2,610 

2,780 
3,040 
3,130 
3,130 
3,130 

3,130 

2,780 

2,780 

940 

1,340 

1,340 

1,080 

985 

815 

775 


460 
360 
360 
360 
360 

360 
315 
275 
275 
275 

275 
275 
275 
315 
315 

315 
360 
360 
360 
1,840 

1,840 
1,700 
1,520 
1,340 
1,130 

985 
775 
665 
550 
510 

405 
405 
455 
940 
1,130 

940 
665 
630 
630 
510 

455 
453 
455 
455 
700 

1,840 
815 
1,130 
1,180 
1,240 


510 
430 
360 
360 
360 

360 
315 
255 
210 
210 

210 
210 
315 
315 
275 

275 
240 
360 
570 
480 

380 
360 
360 
360 
360 

360 
360 
360 
360 
360 
360 

3,400 
3,680 
3,680 
2,960 
2,360 

1,980 
1,700 
1,640 
1,460 
1,340 

1,340 
1,400 
1,130 
1,130 
1,130 

1,130 
1,130 
1,030 
1,030 
940 


360 
360 
360 
360 
380 

480 
510 
510 
510 
510 

570 
700 
985 
940 
815 

775 
700 
700 
600 
480 

405 
405 
335 
295 
275 

275 
240 
225 




2 






3 






4 






5 






6 




• 


7 






8 






9 






10 . . .. 






11 






12 






13 






14 






15 






16 






17 






18 - - 






19 






20 






21 






22 






23 






24 






25 


10,800 

10,800 
10,300 
8,680 
6,910 
6,110 
5,740 




26 




27 




28 




29 




30 






31 






1904. 
1 




1,130 

1,130 

1,130 

855 

855 

855 
855 

855 
855 
855 

775 
775 
855 
855 
855 

855 
855 
855 
855 
855 




2 








3 








4 








5 








6 








7 








8. 








9 








10 








11 








12 








13 








14.. . . 








15 








16 








17 




2,280 
2,280 
2,280 
2,280 




18.. 






19 






20 







64 WATER EESOUECES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of East Branch of Penobscot River at Grindstone, 
1902-1909— Continued. 



Day. 



Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. 



1904. 



31. 



1905. 



1906. 



2,610 
3,130 
3,500 
3,500 
4,600 

5,860 
7,780 
8,380 
8,380 
10,500 



7,630 
6,500 
6,110 
4,820 

3,980 
3,980 
3,980 
3,500 
3,040 

3,040 
2,610 
1,910 
1,770 
1,770 

2,860 
3,590 
4,600 
4,820 
4,930 

3,780 
3,130 
3,220 
3,220 
3,400 



7,780 
4,390 
5,040 
4,930 
3,980 

3,500 
4,930 
6,910 
7,480 
6,910 
6,910 



3,780 
3,590 
3,310 
3,040 
2,130 

1,400 
1,520 
1,460 
1,400 
1,400 

1,400 
1,400 
1,400 
1,700 
1,840 

2,060 
2,280 
3,130 
3,880 
4,180 

4,080 
3,590 
3,590 
3,590 
3,980 

4,180 
4,180 
3,590 
3,400 
2,440 
2,060 



9,580 
9,880 
10,200 
10,300 

10,500 
11,500 
12,000 
10, 500 
9,580 

8,680 
8,680 
8,680 
8,680 
7,780 

7,780 
7,780 
7,190 
6,910 
6,630 



1,030 
940 
700 
700 
700 

775 
775 
775 
775 



1,910 
1,520 
1,640 
2,200 
3,400 

3,780 
3,220 
3,220 
3,220 
3,400 

3,310 
3,220 
3,220 
3,220 
3,220 

3,220 

2,780 

1,910 

895 

940 

735 
665 
665 
665 
700 

815 
815 
855 
895 



3,310 
3,500 
4,930 
3,310 
6,110 

5,740 
6,770 
6,910 
6,770 
6,770 

6,910 
6,770 
3,780 
4,600 
3,590 

2,860 
2,360 
4,710 
2,360 
2,200 



2,780 
2,780 
3,040 
3,500 
3,500 

3,500 
3,500 
3,500 
3,500 
3,500 
3,310 



1,080 
1,080 
1,080 

1,130 
895 
855 
895 
940 

2,060 
1,770 
1,640 
1,580 
1,460 

1,460 
1,460 
1,770 
2,610 
2,960 

2,960 
2,960 
2,800 
2,780 
3,130 

3,780 
3,880 
3,880 
3,880 
3,880 
3,880 



540 

985 

1,840 

2,860 

2,580 

2,610 
4,820 
4,710 
4,820 



4,500 
4,820 
4,390 

4,390 
4,280 
4,080 
3,680 
3,780 



1,030 

855 
855 
940 

775 

775 
775 
570 
540 
455 
405 



940 
665 
570 
480 
455 

510 
570 
570 
570 
430 

405 
360 
360 
360 
360 



360 
360 
360 



360 
360 
315 
315 
315 

1,400 
1,840 
2,060 
2,780 
2,960 
3,310 



405 
360 
405 
360 
360 

315 
295 
295 
240 
255 

275 
315 
315 
315 

295 

275 
255 
240 
240 
210 



1,080 
895 
855 
855 

1,340 

1,640 
1,700 
1,700 
2,360 
2,960 



3,680 
3,680 
3,680 
3,220 
1,910 

1,700 

1,400 

855 

735 

510 

405 
315 
240 
240 
315 

315 

360 
380 
360 
360 

360 
360 
275 
240 
240 

240 
240 
240 
240 
240 



1,580 
1,460 
1,240 
1,130 
985 

855 
735 
700 
630 
670 

570 
510 
510 
455 
455 

455 
455 
510 
540 
570 



940 
2,960 
3,400 
2,060 
1,980 

1,840 
1,700 
1,580 
1,580 
1,290 
1,130 



240 
225 
210 
210 
210 

210 
210 
210 
315 
275 

210 
210 
210 
210 
210 

210 
240 
275 
275 
275 

275 
275 
275 
275 
195 



160 
160 
140 
140 
140 



570 
570 
510 
510 
455 

405 
405 
455 
455 
665 

1,400 
2,130 
2, 780 
2,610 
2,280 

2,130 
1,770 
1,700 
1,340 
1,080 



855 
855 
855 
855 
855 



360 
360 
360 
360 
315 

315 
315 
315 
315 
315 

315 

360 
455 
455 
455 

455 
455 
455 



480 
570 
665 

775 



985 
1,240 
1,340 
1,460 



1,910 
1,700 
1,580 
1,580 
1,520 

1,460 
1,460 
1,400 
1,460 
1,520 



STBEAM FLOW. 



65 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of East Branch of Penobscot River at Grindstone, 
1902-1909— Continued . 



Day. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1906. 
21 




6,910 
6,910 
6,910 
4,710 
5,270 

6,110 
6,910 

7,480 
8,080 
8,830 


6,500 
8,680 
7,780 
6,910 
7,480 

7,050 
7,190 
6,110 
5,980 
3,680 
3,500 

17, 100 
17,400 
15, 100 
12,300 


2,130 
2,280 
1,130 
1,400 
1,290 

985 
815 
940 
540 
540 


3,780 
3,310 
3,680 
2,960 
2,360 

2,130 

1,840 

1,770 

1,290 

815 

540 

7,780 
7,630 
7,050 
6,630 
6,500 

5,860 
5,160 
4,930 
4,710 
4,930 

4,280 
3,980 
4,180 
3,880 
3,500 

3,040 
2,610 
2,360 
1,770 
1,030 

700 

570 

1,400 

1,910 

1,700 

1,580 
1,340 
1,910 
2,610 
3,130 
2,700 

1,840 

1,080 

570 

570 

600 

665 
1,520 
3,500 
3,500 
1,340 

3,310 
3,500 
2,360 
1,290 
3,680 

3,980 
3,780 
3,780 
3,680 
3,400 


210 
240 
240 
240 
240 

360 
430 
570 
855 
985 
1,290 

2,610 
2,440 
2,360 
1,910 
1,520 

1,240 

1,080 

700 

600 

700 

855 

985 

1,290 

1,460 

1,520 

1,910 
2,210 
2,360 
2,530 
2,130 

1,770 
1,460 
1,180 
1,030 
1,130 

1,240 
1,460 
1,520 
1,290 
1,130 
898 

1,080 
985 
898 
855 
815 

1,030 

1,030 

898 

630 

455 

405 
360 
405 
1,240 
985 

700 

600 

738 

1,080 

775 


630 
700 
700 
700 
665 

630 
630 
600 
570 
510 

815 

700 

815 

1,180 

1,640 

1,340 

1,180 

985 

898 

775 

738 
738 
665 
665 
700 

665 
600 
540 
570 
600 

600 
600 
665 
700 
738 

815 
815 
815 
775 
570 

382 
360 
382 
338 
338 

338 
338 
338 
295 
295 

855 

1,080 

985 

940 

775 

700 
600 
665 
665 
482 


985 
940 
775 
735 
700 

630 

665 
735 
665 
570 
510 

540 
482 
482 
510 
540 

570 
630 
738 
898 
1,180 

1,240 

1,180 

1,080 

855 

700 

600 
540 
540 
540 
540 

570 
665 
738 
700 
630 

600 
600 
600 
540 
570 
600 

1,180 

1,030 

455 

430 

430 

405 
338 
315 
275 
258 

315 
455 
405 
360 
295 

258 
240 
240 
240 
240 


1,770 
1,910 
1,840 
1,700 
a 1,460 

1,400 
1,290 
1,240 
1,130 
1,030 

600 

600 

1,030 

2,530 

3,880 

5,380 
7,340 
8,230 
9,130 
8,980 

7,630 
6,900 
5,620 
3,980 
2,530 

1,640 
1,340 
1,520 
1,640 
1,770 

2,060 
2,060 
2,060 
2,060 
2,060 

2,210 
2,360 
2,360 
2,060 
2,060 

405 
360 
360 
360 
315 

315 
275 
275 
315 
295 

338 
405 
455 
405 
405 

430 
430 


315 


22 




315 


23 




315 


24 




315 


25 




315 


26 




815 


27 




275 


28 




275 


29 




275 


30 




275 


31 




275 


1907. 
1 






2,060 


2 






2,060 


3 






2,210 


4 






2,210 


5 






2,210 


6 










2,360 


7 










2,360 


8 










2,360 


9. 










2,530 


10 










2,700 


11 










3,590 


12 










8,980 


13 










7,930 


14 










7,050 


15 










6,770 


16 










5,270 


17 










4,390 


18 










2,960 


19 










2,870 


20 










2,440 


21 










2,360 


22 










2,280 


23 










2,210 


24 




1,290 
2,130 

4,930 
7,780 
9,430 
11, 100 
15,700 






1,700 


25 








1,520 


26 








1,400 


27 








1,180 


28 








1,080 


29 








1,030 


30 








985 


31 








940 


1908. 
1 






8,980 
14,000 
12,600 
10,800 
10,300 

8,980 
8,380 
7,930 
8,530 
8,830 

8,380 
5,160 
4,930 
5,740 
5,860 

5,980 
5,620 
5,620 
5,740 
5,620 


10,000 
6,360 
5,500 
5,160 
4,180 

4,080 
3,220 
2,780 
2,870 
2,780 

2,700 
2,610 
2,530 
2,360 
2,060 

1,770 
2,130 
1,640 
1,520 
1,770 


600 


2 






630 


3 
























6..... 
















8 








9 








10 








11 








12 








13 
















15 








16 








17 








18 








19. 










20 











a Although the river was frozen over Nov. 25 to Dec. 31, an inspection of the gage heights and ice notes for 
that period seems to warrant the application of the open-channel rating with a fair degree of accuracy. 

15042°— wsp 279—12 ^5 



66 



WATER RESOURCES OE PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of East Branch of Penobscot River at Grindstone^ 

1 902-1909— Qontimie^ . 



Day. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1908. 
21 






3,590 
4,500 
3,680 
3,040 
4,500 

6,110 
5,620 
6,240 
5,740 
5,270 
8,680 

5,160 
5,040 
5,740 
5,860 
6,500 

6,360 
7,480 
8,830 
9,880 
11,400 

15,100 
14,500 
12,900 
11,500 
10,000 

9,280 
8,530 
7,630 
7,190 
6,110 

6,110 
5,500 
6,500 
6,110 
5,860 

5,500 
4,500 
4,280 
5,160 
5,860 
5,620 


2,060 
1,980 
1,640 
1,460 
1,130 

2,130 
2,610 
2,610 
2,610 
2,700 

4,930 
4,930 
4,710 
4,930 
4,500 

1,700 
2,440 
3,680 
4,600 
4,390 

4,500 
3,780 
3,500 
4,500 
4,500 

4,390 
4,280 
. 5,160 
8,080 
4,180 

3,310 
3,130 
3,130 
3,310 
3,130 

2,960 
2,780 
2,610 
2,610 
2,610 




3,220 
4,080 
4,180 
2,960 
1,980 

1,770 
1,580 
1,340 
1,290 
1,180 
1,130 

2,440 
2,210 
2,130 
2,960 
2,780 

2,610 
2,700 
3,130 
3,500 
3,130 

2,610 
1,840 
1,520 
1,460 
1,700 

2,280 
2,610 
2,130 
1,180 
1,840 

1,640 
1,180 
1,130 
1,080 
1,030 

1,030 

898 
855 
775 
665 
630 


630 
540 
670 
985 
1,580 

1,460 

1,340 

1,180 

816 

640 

382 

630 
600 
670 
570 
670 

510 
510 
510 
610 
510 

570 
570 
540 
482 
466 

465 
430 
406 
665 

775 

816 
700 
666 
816 
1,240 

1,680 
1,580 
1,580 
1,460 
1,290 
1,130 


430 
382 
338 
296 
295 

295 
295 
296 
258 
1,290 

1,130 
1,340 
1,290 
1,130 
1,180 

2,700 
1,980 
1,520 
1,290 
986 

940 
940 
855 
738 
700 

630 
630 
670 
510 
610 

610 
510 

482 
455 
430 

430 

1,980 

9,280 

21,400 

17,000 


210 
210 
210 
210 
210 

210 
316 
700 
482 
465 
405 

9,280 
5,980 
4,390 
3,780 
3,880 

4,180 
4,600 
4,820 
4,820 
4,390 

3,980 
3,680 
3,220 
2,700 
2,280 

2,060 
1,770 
1,640 
1,460 
1,290 

1,240 
1,240 
1,400 
1,460 
1,460 

1,640 
1,700 
1,620 
1,290 
1,180 
1,130 






22 










23 




2,210 
2,280 
3,130 

7,050 
7,630 
9,430 
10,900 
10,200 






24 








25 








26 




815 
940 
1,180 
856 
700 




27 






28 






29 






30 






31 






1909. 
1 






1,030 
1,030 
1,080 
2,520 
2,610 

2,210 
1,770 
1,580 
1,520 
1,680 

1,680 
1,460 
1,460 
1,460 
1,340 

1,290 
1,240 
1,130 
1,030 
1,030 

1,030 
1,030 
1,030 
1,580 
1,910 

6,040 
4,710 
3,880 
3,310 
4,500 


2,960 


2 






2,700 


3 






2,360 


4 






2,130 


5 






2,130 


6.. 






2,060 


7 






1,980 


8 . 






1,910 


9 






1,770 
1,700 

1,620 


10 






11 






12. ... 






1,460 
1,460 
1,770 
1,770 

1,700 
1,640 
1,680 
1,520 
1,460 

1 400 


13 






14.. 






15 






16 




12,300 
11, 100 
8,680 
8,380 
9,280 

10,200 
12,000 
10,300 
10,000 
9,580 

8,380 

7,780 

a 6, 230 

5,300 

4,500 


17 




18 




19 




20.. 




21 




22 






23 






24 






25 






26 






27 






28 






29 






30 




.... 


31 

















a Jam of logs on pier. Coeflacient of 80 per cent vised. 



STEBAM FLOW. 



67 



Monthly discharge of East Branch of Penobscot River at Grindstone^ 1902-1909. 
[Drainage area, 1,100 square miles. a\ 



Month 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. 



Minimum. 



Mean. 



Per 

square 
mile. 



Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area). 



Oct. 23-31.. 
November. 
Dec. 1-13... 



Mar. 25-31. 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September. 

October 

Nov. 1-28.. 



Apr. 17-30. 
May 

June.. 

July 

August 

September. 

October 

Nov. 1-25.. 



Apr. 7-30.. 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September. 

October 

Nov. 1-18.. 



Apr. 21-30 &. 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September.. 

October 

November. . 
December. . . 



January 

February. . 

March 

April. . 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September . 

October 

November. 
December. . 



1902. 



1903. 



1904. 



1905. 



1906. 



1907 



The year. 



4,390 
1,770 
1,030 



10,800 
6,110 
6,110 
2,780 
4,930 
4,280 
1,840 
570 



10,500 
13,200 
6,910 
3,500 
3,130 
2,960 
3,680 
1,130 



7,630 
4,180 
3,780 
3,880 
3,310 
3,680 
315 
455 



8,830 
12,000 
6,910 
4,820 
1,290 
1,580 
2,780 
1,980 
855 



15,700 
17,400 



7,780 
2,610 
1,640 
1,240 
9,130 



700 
1,030 

775 



5,740 
2,960 
700 
570 
630 
360 
275 
210 
225 



2,280 
3,500 
700 
1,130 
405 
405 
940 
775 



1,770 
1,400 
665 
855 
315 
240 
140 
315 



4,710 
3,500 
540 
540 
210 
455 
405 
480 
275 



1,600 

1,220 

876 



4,710 

3,240 

1,050 

.2,750 

1,740 

634 

342 

502 



4,810 
6,830 
3,160 
2,440 
1,700 
1,030 
1,810 
882 



3,840 

2,740 

2,040 

2,140 

820 

910 

220 

374 



6,810 

8,150 

3,540 

3,100 

377 

708 

1,040 

1,360 

459 



1.45 
1.11 

.796 



7.71 
4.28 
2.95 
.955 
2.50 
1.58 
.576 
.311 
.456 



4.37 
6.21 
2.87 
2.22 
1.55 

.936 
1.65 

.802 



3.49 
2.49 

1.84 
1.95 
.745 
.827 
.200 
.340 



6.20 
7.41 
3.22 
2.82 
.343 
.644 
.945 
1.24 
.417 



570 



540 

482 



940 



800 

350 

300 

1,970 

8,000 

5,000 

3,590 

1,500 

797 

684 

3,450 

2,970 



0.727 
.318 
.273 
1.79 
7.27 
4.55 
3.26 
1.36 
.725 
.622 
3.14 
2.70 



17,400 



2,450 



2.23 



0.49 
1.24 



2.00 

4.78 

3.40 

1.07 

2.88 

1.82 

.63 

.36 

.47 



2.28 
7.16 
3.20 
2.56 
1.79 
1.04 
1.90 
.74 



3.12 

2.87 

2.05 

2.25 

.86 

.92 

.23 

.23 



2.30 

8.54 

3.59 

3.25 

.40 

.72 

1.09 

1.38 

.48 



0.84 
.33 
.31 

2.00 
8.38 
5.08 
3.76 
1.57 
.81 
.72 
3.50 
3.11 



.41 



a Includes Chamberlain Lake drainage, 270 square miles. 

& A monthly mean for April of 3,180 second-feet has been obtained by estimating the discharge for Apr. 
1 to 20. 

c Discharge during the frozen period, 1907, based largely on the natural flow of North Branch of Penobscot 
River at Millinocket. 

Discharges for May and June, 1907, are rough estimates to allow as nearly as possible for the effect of log 
jams. 

Discharge Apr. 1 to 23, 1907, 600 second-feet. 



68 



WATEE KESOUEOES OF PENOESCOT BASIN, MAINE. 



Monthly discharge of East Branch of Penobscot River at Grindstone, 1902-1909 — Contd. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. 



Minimum. 



Mean. 



Per 
square 
mile. 



Eun-ofE 
(depth in 
inches on 
drainage 
area). 



Accu- 
racy. 



January. . . 
•February. , 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September. 
October.... 
November. 
December. 



1908.O 



1,980 
1,340 



10,900 

14,000 

10,000 

4,180 

1,580 

1,290 

1,180 

1,180 

630 



928 

688 

1,040 

2,710 

6,930 

2,960 

2,340 

838 

511 

380 

434 

175 



0.844 

.625 

.945 

2.46 

6.30 

2.69 

2.13 

.762 

.464 

.345 

.395 

.159 



0.97 

.67 

1.09 

2.74 

7.26 

3.00 

2.46 

.88 

.52 

.40 

.44 

.18 



The year. 



14,000 



1.51 



20.61 



January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September... 

October 

November. .. 
December — 



12,300 
15, 100 
8,080 
3,500 
1,580 
21,400 
9,280 
5,040 
2.960 



4,280 

1,700 

630 

405 

430 

1,130 

1,030 



440 
770 
5,070 
7,580 
3,910 
1,860 
764 
2,470 
2,880 
1,930 
1,470 



0.600 
.400 
.700 
4.61 
6.89 
3.56 
1.69 
.695 
2.25 
2.62 
1.75 
1.34 



0.69 

.42 

.81 

5.14 

7.94 

3.97 

1.95 

.80 

2.51 

3.02 

1.95 

1.54 



The year. 



21,400 



105 



2,490 



2.26 



30.73 



a Discharge during the frozen periods, 1908, based on climatologic reports, the discharge of adjacent 
drainages, and one discharge measurement made under ice conditions. 

Second-feet. 

Discharge Apr. 1 to 22, 1908 1, 300 

Discharge Nov. 18 to 25, 1908 300 

b Discharge estimated for periods of ice conditions, 1909, based on studies of climatologic data and 
comparisons with other stations. 

Second-feet. 

Mean discharge Apr. 1 to 15, 1909, estimated 1,200 

Mean discharge Dec. 22 to 31, 1909, estimated 660 

MATTAWAMKEAG RIVER AT MATTAWAMKEAG. 

Mattawamkeag River rises near the eastern boundary of Maine 
and drains a country that is generally low and swampy, although 
there are on the river a few good sites for power development, none 
of which have been utilized. Dams are maintained at the outlets 
of several large lakes and ponds in this drainage basin, but the stored 
water is used only for log driving. The total area of the basin is 
about 1,500 square miles. 

The gaging station, which was established August 26, 1902, is 
located at the Maine Central Railroad bridge in the village of Mat- 
tawamkeag, about half a mile from the mouth of the river. 

The datum of the gage has remained the same during the mainte- 
nance of the station. It is 85.93 feet above mean sea level, as deter- 
mined by the Penobscot River survey of 1904. The discharge is 



STREAM FLOW. 



69 



affected by ice during the winter and is also occasionally affected by 
log jams for short periods in the log-driving season. When the chan- 
nel is unobstructed conditions are good for obtaining accurate dis- 
charge data. A very good rating curve has been developed. (See 
PI. IV.) 

Discharge measurements of Mattawamheag River at Mattawamheag , 1902-19C9. 



Date. 



1902, 

July 31 

Aug. 27 

Sept. 16 

Nov. 8 •.... 

1903. 

Apr. 4 

Apr. 25 

May 18 

May 25 

June 11 

Aug. 8 

Sept. 11 

Oct. 14 

Oct. 230 

1904. 

Apr. 15 

Apr. 27 

Oct. 20 

1905. 

Apr. 13 

May 5 



height. 



Feet. 
4.40 
4.70 
5.00 
5.89 



9.15 
7.15 
4.58 
4.45 
4.02 
3.87 
3.39 
2.75 
3.32 



9.85 
9.50 
5.07 



Discharge 



Second-feet. 
1,170 
1,600 
1,680 
3,050 



9,780 

5,410 

1,260 

1,110 

742 

558 

340 

121 

300 



12,600 
11,400 
1,760 



10,740 
4,150 



Date. 



1905 

Jtme23 

Oct. 24 

Oct.25& 

Nov. 15 & 

1906 
Aug. 23 

1907 

Mar. 6 

Mar. 26 

May 8 

June 4 

1908 

Mar. 20 

Mar. 21 

Apr. 15 

N0V.2 

Dec. IOC 

Dec. 23 

1909 
Apr. 30d 



Gage 
height. 



Feet. 
4.91 
2.65 
2.62 
3.61 



5.94 



10.84 
6.54 



8.58 
8.46 
6.70 
5.03 
5.38 
5.40 



Discharge. 



Second-feet. 

1,460 

117 

104 



250 



482 

752 

15,000 

4,180 



2,270 
2,970 
4,380 
1,670 
1,100 
640 



12,400 



a Measurement by wading. 

b Measurement by wading about 1 mile above gage. 

c Discharge affected by anchor ice. 

d Meter held at 1 foot depth and coefficient of 0.9 used to obtain mean velocity. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Mattawamheag River at Mattawamheag, 1902-1909. 



Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1902. 
1 




4.10 
4.05 
4.40 
4.70 
4.60 

4.60 
4.50 
4.40 
4.30 
4.45 

4.50 
4.60 
4.70 
4.80 
4.80 


4.60 
4.60 
4.60 

4.55 
4.40 

4.45 
4.75 
5.25 
5.45 
.5.40 

5.20 
5.10 
4.95 
4.90 
4.80 


7.85 
7.40 
7.00 
6.65 
6.35 

6.10 
6.00 
5.90 
5.75 
5.65 

5.45 
5.30 
5.25 
5.20 
5.30 


5.65 
5.45 
5.45 
5.25 
5.35 

5.30 
5.35 
7.25 
7.05 
6.70 

6.45 
6.40 
(a) 


1902. 
16 




5.00 
5.00 
4.90 
4.85 
4.70 

4.50 
4.40 
4.40 
4.40 
4.35 

4.40 
4.40 
4.25 
4.30 
4.35 


4.80 
4.80 
4.80 
4.80 
4.85 

5.05 
5.20 
5.15 
5.00 
4.85 

4.70 
4.65 
5.05 
6.80 
7.80 
8.00 


5.40 
5.50 
5.50 
5.50 
5.50 

5.40 
5.50 
5.50 
5.50 
5.50 

5.45 
5.35 
5.40 
5.55 
5.70 




2 




17 




7.00 


3 




18 




7.45 


4 




19 




7.80 


5 




20 




(a) 


6 




21 




7 




22 






8 


23 






9 


24 






10 




25 






11 




26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 


4.60 
4.70 
4.60 
4.50 
4.40 
4.25 




12 






13 






14 






15 



















a Frozen Dec. 13 to 16 and 20 to 31, 1902. 



70 WATER RESOUE.CES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Mattawamkeag River at Mattawamkeag , 1902-1909 — Contd. 



Day. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1903. 
1 




9.65 
9.35 
9.05 
9.15 
9.15 

9.00 
9.05 
9.05 
9.45 
9.90 

10.10 
10.00 
9.85 
9.60 
9.45 

9.10 
9.00 

8.85 
8.60 
8.45 

7.90 
7.40 
7.20 
7.10 
V.15 

7.25 
7.50 
7.55 
7.45 
7.30 


7.25 
7.00 
6.80 
6.70 
6.75 

6.65 
6.70 
6.85 
6.70 
6.40 

6.35 
6.20 
6.15 
6.40 
6.15 

5.80 
5.30 
5.20 
5.10 
5.15 

5.20 
5.20 
5.20 
5.20 
4.95 

4.90 
4.95 
4.85 
4.75 
4.55 
4.25 


4.00 
3.95 
4.00 
3:95 
4.00 

4.00 
3.95 
4.00 
3.90 
4.10 

4.10 
. 4.30 
4.60 
4.55 
4.55 

4.55 
4,60 
4.45 
4.30 
4.20 

4.20 
4.15 
4.00 
4.00 
4.00 

4.00 
4.00 
4.00 
4.00 
4.35 


4.55 
4.50 
4.40 
4.40 
4.35 

4.20 
4.25 
4.40 
4.40 
4.25 

3.95 
3.80 
3.65 
3.60 
3.75 

3.95 
4.35 
4.70 
4.70 
4.65 

4.50 
4.50 
4.50 
4.60 
4.60 

4.60 
4.45 
4.25 
4.20 
4.10 
4.35 


4.60 
4.45 
4.25 
4.00 
4.00 

4.00 
3.90 
3.90 
3.80 
3.70 

3.60 
3.80 
3.80 
3.80 
3.80 

3.80 
3.70 
3.60 
3.80 
3.90 

4.00 
4.00 
4.10 
4.10 
4.10 

4.00 
3.90 
3.80 
3.70 
3.70 
3.60 


3.50 
3.40 
3.50 
3.50 
3.50 

3.50 
3.50 
3.40 
3.40 
3.50 

3.50 
3.40 
3.30 
3.30 
3.20 

3.20 
3.40 
3.50 
3.50 
3.50 

3.40 
3.30 
3.20 
3.30 
3.30 

3.30 
3.30 
3.30 
3 30 
3.20 


3.20 
3.20 
3.20 
3.20 
3.10 

2.90 
2.90 
3.00 
3.00 
2.80 

2.80 
2.80 
2.70 
2.70 
2.70 

2.70 
2.70 
2.80 
3.00 
3.25 

3.40 
3.40 
3.40 
3.40 
3.40 

3.40 
3.50 
3.70 
3.60 
3.50 
3.40 


3.50 
3.50 
3.50 
3.50 
3.60 

3.70 
3.80 
3.80 
3.90 
4.05 

4.10 
4.15 
4.35 
4.60 
4.80 

4.80 
4.70 
4.70 
4.70 
4.70 

4.40 
4.40 
4.30 
4.20 
4.50 

4.60 
4.50 
4.40 
4.40 
4.30 


4.20 


2. 




4.10 


3 




4.00 


4 




3.90 


5 




3.90 


6/. 




4.00 


7 




4.10 


8 




4.10 


g 


(a) 
10.05 

11.90 
12.70 
12.90 
10.30 
10.50 

10.25 
10.20 
10.15 
10.00 
10.00 

10.00 
10.00 
10.20 
10.60 
11.25 

11.25 
11.15 
11.00 
10.80 
10.30 
9.95 


4.10 


10 


4.10 


11 


4.10 


12 


4.10 


13 


4.20 


14 


4.60 


15 


4.70 


16 


4.80 


17 


4.90 


18 


(&) 


19 


20 


4.90 


21 




22. 




23 




24 . .... 




25 




26. 




27 


5.50 


28 




29 




30 




31 











a Frozen Jan. 1 to Mar. 9. 






b Readings Dec. 18 to 31 through ice. 






Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1904. 
1 










10.70 
11.00 
11.10 
11.00 
10.75 

10.40 
10.10 
9.95 
9.45 
9.40 

9.15 

9.65 

10.85 

11.40 

11.70 

11.55 
11.30 
10.75 
9.65 
9.35 

9.35 
8.75 
8.60 
8.55 
8.35 


6.40 
6.30 
6.20 
6.20 
6.25 

6.50 
6.95 
7 05 
6.80 
6.70 

6.60 
6.50 
6.20 
6.10 
6.05 

6.00 
6.00 
6.00 
6.00 
5.85 

5.45 
5.15 
4.95 
4.80 
4.65 


4.50 
4.50 
4.75 
4.90 
4.90 

4.90 
4.90 
4.85 
4.70 
4.70 

4.30 
4.20 
4.30 
4.30 
4.40 

4.50 
4.45 
4.35 
4.10 
4.20 

4.10 
4.05 
4.00 
3.90 
3.85 


3.75 
3.50 
3.65 
3.70 
3.70 

3.70 
3.70 
3.55 
3.40 
3.55 

3.70 
3.80 
3.80 
3.80 
3.75 

3.55 
3.60 
3.80 
3.90 
3.90 

4.00 
4.00 
4.00 
4.00 
4.00 


3.50 
3.40 
3.45 
3.60 
3.75 

4.10 
4.40 
4.30 
4.20 
4.05 

4.00 
3.90 
3.90 
3.80 
4.25 

4.55 
4.90 
5.05 
5.00 
5.10 

5.20 
5.10 
5.20 
5.20 
5.35 


6.10 
6.45 
6.60 
6.45 
6.25 

6.05 
5.85 
5.65 
5.45 
5.30 

5.30 
5.20 
5.10 
5.25 
5.40 

5.40 
5.30 
5.20 
5.20 
5.10 

5.00 
5.15 
5.45 
5.50 
5.60 


5.40 
5.30 
5.20 
4.95 
4.85 

5.15 
5.15 
5.10 
5.10 
5.05 

4.90 
4.80 
4.80 
4.75 
4.65 

4.40 
4.40 
4.55 
4.80 
5.10 

4.80 
4.70 
4.75 
5.00 
4.95 


5.20 


2 










5.10 


3 


4.60 








5.00 


4 









5.10 


5 










5.20 


6 






5.00 




5.30 


7 




4.20 


5.50 


8 






8.20 
7.60 
8.20 

9.00 
9.75 
9.95 
10.05 
9.90 

9.65 
9.50 
9.10 
8.90 
8.80 

8.70 
8.70 
8.70 
8.75 
9.05 


5 80 


9 








5.80 


10 


4.40 






5 70 


11 






5 70 


12 








5.70 


13 . . . 






6.30 


5 70 


14 




4.20 


5.60 


15. 




5 50 


16 








5.40 


17 


4.10 






5 30 


18 






5.20 


19.. 








5 10 


20 






6.30 


5.00 


21. 




4.30 




22 






23. 










24 


4.00 








25 









STEEAM FLOW. 



71 



Daily gage height, in feet, of Mattawamheag River at Mattawamkeag , 1902-1909 — Contd. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


26 








9.35 
9.55 
9.75 
9.95 
10.30 


7.80 
7.55 
7.50 
7.20 
6.75 
6.50 


4.45 
4.35 

4.45 
4.60 
4.60 


3.60 
3.70 
3.80 
3.80 
3.90 
3.90 


4.00 
3.85 
3.70 
3.70 
3.65 
3.65 


5.65 
5.80 
5.80 
5.70 
5.75 


5.75 
5.90 
5.90 
6.00 
5.85 
5.65 


5.15 
5.30 
5.20 
5.20 
5.20 


4.30 


27 






6.30 




28 




4.50 




29 






30 










31 


4.20 





















Note.— River frozen Jan. 1 to Apr. 7 and Dec. 21 to 31, 1904. 
surface in hole cut in ice. 

The following thicknesses of ice were measured: 

Feet. 

Jan. 3 1.2 

Jan. 10 1.6 

Jan. 17, 24, 31 1.7 

Feb. 7, 14, 21, 28 1.7 



During frozen season readings are to water 



Feet, 

Mar. 6, 13, 20 1.7 

Mar. 27 1.4 

Dec. 26 4 



Day. 



Jan. 



Feb. 



Mar. 



Apr. 



May. 



June. 



July. 



Aug. 



Sept. 



Oct. 



Nov. 



Dec. 



1905.O 



4.0 



4.7 



4.9 



4.2 



4.7 



4.7 



4.7 



4.7 



4.7 



4.7 



4.7 



11.4 

8.85 
8.6 
8.45 

8.65 
9.2 
9.8 
10.0 
10.0 

9.9 
9.6 
9.45 



9.15 

8.8 
8.4 
8.15 

7.9 
7.9 
8.0 
8.0 
8.0 

7.9 

7.7 

7.35 

7.1 

7.0 



6.7 
6.7 
6.65 

6.5 
6.3 
6.2 
6.1 
6.1 

6.1 

6.15 

6.1 

5.95 

5.65 

5.65 

5.9 

6.1 

6.5 

6.75 

7.35 

7.2 

7.2 

7.3 

7.15 



6.45 
6.0 
5.6 
5.45 
5.3 



5.3 
5.3 
5.3 
5.2 
5.2 

5.2 
5.2 
5.1 
5.1 
4.95 

4.85 

4.7 

4.65 

4.8 

4.95 

5.2 
5.55 
5.25 
5.35 
5.7 

5.6 

5.1 

4.95 

4.75 

4.55 



4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 

4.2 

4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 

4.1 
4.1 
4.0 
4.0 



3.9 

3.8 
3.7 
3.7 
3.7 

3.7 

3.7 

3.7 

3.55 

3.4 

3.6 



3.5 

3.5 

3.5 

3.45 

3.3 

3.3 
3.3 
3.2 
3.2 
3.25 

3.4 
3.4 
3.4 
3.25 
3.1 

3.1 
3.0 
3.2 
3.2 
3.2 

3.15 

3.0 

2.9 

2.85 

3.0 

3.1 
3.0 
2.9 
2.9 
2.7 
2.8 



2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.9 

3.1 
3.1 
3.2 
3.2 
3.2 

3.1 
3.0 
3.0 
3.2 
3.4 

3.35 

3.3 

3.2 

3.2 

3.3 

3.2 
3.2 
3.1 
2.0 

2.95 

2.8 
2.8 
2.7 
2.7 

2.7 



2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.5 
2.5 

2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 

2.5 
2.5 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.5 
2.5 
2.6 
2.6 

2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 

2.7 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 



2.6 
2.7 
2.7 
3.4 
3.5 

3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 

3.7 
3.7 
3.7 
3.7 
3.6 



3.7 
3.95 
4.25 
4.6 

4.3 

4.05 

3.9 

3.9 

4.0 

4.0 
4.0 
4.0 
4.15 



4.9 
4.9 
4.7 
4.8 
4.9 

5.05 
5.0 
4.9 

4.8 
4.65 

4.5 
4.4 
4.4 
4.55 



4.9 
4.85 
4.75 
4.8 

4.8 
4.7 
4.7 
4.6 
4.6 

4.5 
4.5 
4.4 
4.4 
4.5 
4.5 



a River frozen Jan. 1 to Apr. 1, and Dec. 17-31, 1905. For the first of these periods the gage-height read- 
ings were taken to the surface of the water in a hole cut in the ice. The following comparative readings 
were taken: 



Date. 



Water 
surface. 


Top of 
ice. 


Thick- 
ness of 
ice. 


Feet. 
4.0 
4.2 


Feet. 


Feet. 
0.7 
1.0 
1.2 
1.3 
1.3 
1.6 
1.6 








5.0 
4.9 
4.9 



Date. 



Water 


Top of 


surface. 


ice. 


Feet. 


Feet. 


4.4 


4.6 


4.7 


4.9 


4.9 


5.0 


4.7 


4.9 


4.7 


4.9 


4.9 


5.1 



Thick- 
ness of 
ice. 



Jan. 1.. 
Jan. 9.. 
Jan. 16. 
Jan. 22, 
Jan. 29. 
Feb. 5. 
Feb. 12 



Feb. 20 
Feb. 26 
Mar. 5 . 
Mar. 12 
Mar. 19 
Mar. 26 



FeeU 



Apr. 6, river clear of ice. May 8-9 and Nov. 3, no record; gage heights estimated* 
frozen over, but not safe to go upon; gage heights to top of ice 0.6 foot thick Dec. 31. 



Dec. 17-31, river 



72 WATEK RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Mattawamkeag River at Mattawamkeag , 1902-1909 — Contd. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


Jime. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1906.O 
1 




8.7 
8.4 

8;o 

7.7 




9.7 


10.4 
10.6 
10.7 
10.8 
11.05 

11.1 
11.1 
11.1 
10.9 
10.7 

10.7 

10.4 

10.1 

9.9 

9.95 

9.55 
9.25 
8.9 

8.8 
8.25 

7.5 

7.2 

7.05 

7.4 

7.2 

6.55 

6.5 

6.4 

6.45 

6.8 

6.8 


7.2 
7.05 
6.7 
6.8 
7.35 

7.1 
6.9 
6.7 
6.6 
6.2 

5.8 
5.4 
4.9 
4.6 
4.45 

4.3 
4.1 
3.9 
3.8 
4.05 

4.65 

5.05 

5.5 

5.6 

5.6 

5.6 
5.2 
4.9 
4.8 
4.55 


4.45 
4.2 
4.0 
4.2 
4.5 

4.35 
4.4 
4.25 
3.95 
4.2 

4.1 
4.2 
4.3 
4.4 
4.5 

4.4 
4.3 
4.3 
4.2 
4.2 

4.5 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 

4.2 

4.2 

4.1 

4.1 

3.85 

3.7 


3.6 
3.8 
3.8 
3.75 
3.7 

3.7 

3.7 

3.65 

3.6 

3.45 

3.4 
3.4 
3.4 
3.35 
3.3 

3.3 
3.3 
3.3 
3.3 
3.2 

3.1 

3.05 

3.15 

3.2 

3.2 

3.2 

3.2 

3.3 

3.4 

3.45 

3.5 


3.35 

3.25 

3.2 

3.3 

3.6 

3.6 
3.7 
3.6 
3.5 
3.5 

3.4 
3.4 
3.2 
3.1 
3.0 

3.0 
2.8 
2.6 
2.5 
2.6 

2.6 

2.6 

2.65 

2.7 

2.7 

2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 


2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.5 
2.7 
3.0 
3.3 
3.65 

4.4 
5.75 
6.0 
6.0 
5.9 

5.8 

5.65 

5.45 

5.2 

4.85 

4.8 
4.7 
4.8 
5.0 
5.1 

5.55 

5.95 

6.15 

6.3 

6.2 

6.2 


6.2 
6.1 
6.0 
6.0 
6.1 

6.2 

6.05 

5.9 

5.8 

5.85 

6.0 
6.0 
5.9 
5.8 
5.8 

5.8 
5.9 
5.9 
6.0 
6.2 

6.3 
6.3 
6.2 
6.1 
6.0 

5.8 
5.7 
5.7 
5.5 
5.3 


5 4 


2 




5.45 


3. 








5 5 


4 




9.2 






5 






6.: 












7 


3.7 











8 ... 


9.5 








9 








5.7 


10 












11 












12 






8.5 






13.... 




9.5 




14 


3.7 




8.6 
8.6 

9.8 
9.6 
9.75 
10.1 
10.55 

10.65 

10.7 

10.7 

10.75 

10.8 

10.6 
10.6 
10.4 
10.4 
10.3 




15 








16 








6.6 


17 










18 






8.6 




19 








20 




8.8 






21 






22 


3.8 








23 






6.9 


24 










25. . . 


11.6 

11.6 
11.4 
11.05 
11.0 
10.75 
9.0 


9.3 


8.4 




26 




27 








28 








29 








30 






6.7 


31... . 
















1 



a The following ice condition prevailed during 1906: River frozen over Jan. 1 to 24; open Jan. 25 to Feb. 3; 
frozen Feb. 4 to Apr. 13; clear of ice Apr. 17. River frozen Dec. 4 to 31. During the frozen period gage 
heights were taken to water svirface through a hole in the ice. The following comparative readings were 



Date. 


Water 
surface. 


Top of 
ice. 


Thick- 
ness of 
ice. 


Date. 


Water 
surface. 


Top of 
ice. 


Thick- 
ness of 
ice. 


Jan. 7 


Feet. 
3.7 
3.7 
3.8 
7.7 
9.5 
9.5 
8.8 
9.3 
9.2 


Feet. 
3.7 
3.7 
3.8 
7.7 
9.7 
9.3 
8.6 
9.5 
9.4 


Feet. 

1.1 
. 1.3 

1.5 
.6 
.8 
.8 

1.1 
.9 

1.0 


Mar. 12 


Feet. 
8.5 
8.6 
8.4 
9.7 


Feet. 
8.7 
8.7 
8.5 
9.8 
9.9 
5.8 
6.7 
7.0 
6.8 


Feet. 
1.2 


Jan. 14 


Mar. 18 


1.5 


Jan. 22 


Mar. 25 


1.4 


Feb. 4 


Apr. 1 


1.2 


Feb. 8 


Apr. 8 .... 




Feb. 13 


Dec.9 


5.7 
6.6 
6.9 
6.7 


.5 


Feb. 20 


Dec. 16 


.7 


Feb. 25 . 


Dec 23 


.9 


Mar. 4 


Dec. 30 


1.0 









STREAM FLOW. 73 

Daily gage height^ in feet, of Mattawamkeag River at Mattawamheag, 1902-1909 — Contd. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1907.O 
1 










13.7 
13.9 
13.6 


5.75 
5.75 
6.05 
6.55 
6.6 

6.85 
7.05 
7.2 
7.75 
7.75 

7.55 

7.35 

7.15 

6.9 

6.55 

6.3 

5.85 

5.35 

5.3 

5.15 

5.1 
5.0 
4.9 
5.0 
5.25 

5.55 

5.9 

6.75 

7.85 

8.35 

7.35 
8.5 

"s.ls" 

7.85 

7.3 

6.9 

6.7 

6.45 

6.45 

6.3 

6.15 

5.95 

5.4 

5.4 
5.95 
6.05 
5.95 
5.95 

5.85 
5.7 
5.4 
5.4 

5.2 

5.05 
4.95 
4.6 
4.25 
4.15 


8.5 
8.6 
8.6 
8.5 
8.1 

7.85 
7.4 
7.05 
6.85 
6.65 

6.4 
6.2 
6.05 
6.0 
6.0 

5.9 

5.9 
5.9 

5.8 
5.7 

5.7 
5.9 
5.9 
5.9 

5.8 

5.8 
5.7 
5.8 
5.8 
5.8 
6.0 

4.25 
4.15 
4.05 
3.95 
3.95 

3.85 
3.75 
3.75 
3.75 
3.75 

3.75 
3.65 
3.55 
3.55 
3.45 

3.45 
3.45 
3.45 
3.55 
3.55 

3.55 
3.55 
3.55 
3.6 
3.65 

3.55 
3.45 
3.35 
3.35 
3.35 
3.35 


6.45 

6.75 

6.8 

6.65 

6.5 

6.5 
6.6 
6.5 
6.3 
6.05 

5.75 
5.55 
5.4 
5.35 
5.2 

5.1 

5.0 

4.85 

4.75 

4.7 

4.7 
4.6 
4.6 
4.5 
4.55 

4.6 

4.6 

4.55 

4.4 

4.3 

4.4 

3.35 
3.35 
3.25 
3.15 
3.05 

3.15 

3.3 

3.5 

3.6 

3.7 

3.8 

3.8 

3.9 

3.75 

3.45 

3.75 

3.8 

3.95 

4.0 

4.1 

4.1 
4.0 
3.9 
3.8 
3.7 

3.6 
3.5 
3.5 
3.4 
3.3 
3.2 


4.25 

3.95 

3.8 

3.9 

4.6 

5.0 

5.55 

5.65 

5.45 

5.3 

5.15 

5.0 

5.1 

5.05 

4.9 

4.8 
4.7 
4.6 
4.6 
4.6 

4.6 
4.55 
4.4 
4.4 
4.7 

5.15 
5.6 
5.2 

4.85 
4.8 

3.1 
3.0 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 

3.1 
3.2 
3.4 
3.5 
3.5 

3.4 
3.4 
3.3 
3.2 
3.0 

2.9 
2.9 

2.8 
2.8 
2.8 

2.7 
2.7 
2.6 
2.5 
2.5 

2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
2.6 


4.8 
4.8 
4.7 
4.6 
4.5 

4.55 

4.75 

5.15 

5.8 

6.45 

6.85 

7.0 

6.75 

6.55 

6.4 

6.3 

6.05 

5.85 

5.7 

5.55 

5.4 

5.3 

5.15 

5.1 

5.0 

4.9 
4.95 
5.45 
5.6 

5.7 
5.7 

2.65 

3.05 

3.7 

4.3 

4.4 

4.3 

4.0 

3.9 

3.75 

3.6 

3.6 
3.7 
3.7 
3.7 
3.6 

3.6 
3.5 
3.4 
3.3 
3.2 

3.1 
3.1 
3.0 
2.9 

2.8 

2.95 

3.3 

3.4 

3.55 

3.8 

4.35 


5.6 
5.6 
5.65 
6.05 
6.2 

6,25 
6.6 
7 3 

7.65 
7.8 

7.6 

7.25 

6.9 

6.6 

6.5 

6.5 
6.4 
6.3 
6.05 

5.85 

5.65 

5.5 

5.5 

5.6 

5.6 

5.6 
5.9 

5.8 
5.8 
5.8 

4.8 

5.15 

4.9 

4.45 

4.4 

4.4 
4.3 
4.2 
4.1 
4.1 

4.1 
4.0 
4.1 
4.2 
4.25 

4.45 

4.55 

4.4 

4.3 

4.2 

4.1 
4.1 
4.0 
4.2 
4.1 

3.9 

4.05 

4.2 

4.3 

4.4 


5.8 


2 






5.9 




5 8 


3 




6.6 


5.9 


4 








6.0 


5 


7.2 










6.1 


6 




5.95 


8.3 


'io.'es' 
10.3 

9.8 

9.2 

8.75 
8.35 

8.15 

7.85 
7.25 

7.05 

6.8 

6.7 

6.6 

6.55 

6.7 

6.85 

6.9 

6.5 

6.05 

5.9 

5.85 

6.25 

6.4 

6.3 

6.15 

11.2 

11.55 

11.5 

11.35 

11.1 

10.65 

10.2 
9.85 
9.7 
9.75 

9.9 

9.9 

9.65 

9.3 

9.05 

8.9 

8.75 

8.45 

7.95 

7.65 

7.25 

6.75 

6.6 

6.4 

6.2 

5.95 

5.8 

5.95 

5.95 

5.95 

6.35 


6.2 


7 






6.3 


8 










6 3 


9 










6.8 


10 






6.0 





6.4 


11 






6.7 


12 


7.4 








7 7 


13 








8.5 


14 








9.0 


8.6 


15 








80 35 


16 










7.9 


17 






6.2 


9.1 

8.85 

7.9 

8.15 

8.2 

8.65 

9.1 

9.35 

9.95 

11.05 

11.6 

12.15 

12.5 

13.05 


7.45 


18 






7 15 


19 








6.7 


20 


6.4 






6.4 


21 






6.4 


22 








6.3 


23 








6.1 


24 






6.6 


6 


25 






6.2 


26 




5.8 


6.4 


6.4 


27 


6.5 


6.5 


28 






6.45 


29 








6.3 


30 








6.15 


31 






7.0 

8.5 


6.0 


1908.& 
1 


6.0 
6.0 
6.0 
6.0 
6.0 

6.0 
6.0 
6.0 
6.3 
6.5 

6.8 
6.8 
6.7 
6.6 




4.6 


2 


4.7 


3 


8.0 






4.9 


4 






5.0 


5 








4.75 


6 








4.8 


7 




7.8 


"9." 65" 
9.2 
9.1 

9.1 


4.8 


8 


4.9 


9 






5.15 


lo: 


7.5 




5.3 


11 


5.3 


12 .... 






5.4 


13 








5.4 


14 : 








5.4 


15 




7.3 


6.7 

6.9 

7.0 

7.05 

7.0 

6.9 

6.8 
6.8 
6.9 
7.0 
7.55 

8.15 
9.05 
9.7 
9.85 
10.45 


5.4 


16 




8.5 
8.5 


5.4 


17 




5.5 


18 




5.6 


19 








5.6 


20 . ... 


8.0 




8.6 

8.5 
8.3 


5.1 


21 




22 








23 




8.5 


5.4 


24. 






25 










26. . 


8.0 








27 






5.0 


28. .. 










29 










30 










31 

























a River frozen Jan. 1 to Apr. 18, 1907. During the frozen season gage heights were taken to water surface 
In a hole cut ia tlie ice. June 14, 1907, all logs out of the river. 

6 River frozen from about Jan. 5 to Apr. 7, and from about Dec. 1 to 31, 1908. During the frozen season 
gage heights were taken to water surface in a hole cut in the Ice. Gage heights afiEected by log jams from 
about June 2 to 14, 1908. 



74 WATEE RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Mattawamheag River at Mattawamheag, 1902-1909 — Contd. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


JTine. 


Jiily. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1909.a 
1 










9.45 

9.35 

9.1 

9.1 

9.35 

9.5 

9.6 

9.45 

9.45 

9.7 

9.8 
9.95 
10.2 
10.2 
10.2 

10.2 
10.15 
9.85 
9.75 
9.45 

9.2 
8.6 
8.2 
7.95 

7.8 

7.55 

7.0 

6.65 

6.45 

6.3 

6.3 


6.15 
5.85 
5.8 
5.7 
5.6 

5.55 

5.5 

5.5 

5.5 

5.5 

5.5 

5.5 

4.85 

4.55 

4.5 

4.5 

4.4 

4.5 

4.65 

5.05 

4.8 

4.7 

4.6 

4.55 

4.4 

4.3 

4.15 

4.0 

3.95 

4.25 


4.6 
4.6 
4.6 
4.5 
4.4 

4.3 

4.3 

4.45 

4.7 

4.85 

5.0 
5.1 
5.0 
4.9 
4.9 

4.9 
4.9 
4.9 
5.0 
5.0 

5.1 
5.2 
5.3 
5.3 
5.15 

5.0 

4.9 

4.8 

4.7 

4.55 

4.4 


4.3 

4.15 

4.0 

4.0 

4.0 

3.9 
3.8 
3.8 
3.8 
3.65 

3.5 

3.5 

3.6 

3.55 

3.5 

3.4 
3.4 
3.55 
3.75 

3.8 

3.9 
3.9 
3.9 
3.9 
4.0 

4.1 

4.0 

4.0 

3.95 

3.8 

3.7 


3.8 

3.8 

3.75 

3.6 

3.65 

3.8 
3.8 
4.1 
4.2 
4.35 

4.1 
4.2 
4.3 

4.45 
4.7 

4.9 

4.9 

4.9 

4.65 

4.5 

4.3 
4.2 
4.2 
4.1 
4.0 

4.0 
4.55 
6.35 
9.0 
10.15 


9.9 
10.0 
9.85 
9.4 
9.05 

8.6 
8.05 
7.4 
6.95 
6.55 

6.1 
6.0 

5.85 
5.65 
5.5 

5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.3 
5.3 

5.2 
5.1 
5.1 
5.1 
5.1 

5.2 
5.3 
5.3 
5.2 
5.1 
5.0 


4.85 

5.1 

5.45 

5.75 

6.05 

6.4 

6.5 

6.45 

6.2 

6.3 

6.1 
5.7 
5.45 
5.55 

5.8 

5.7 
5.7 
5.7 
5.7 
5.6 

5.5 

5.4 

5.3 

5.45 

5.8 

6.8 

7.9 

8.25 

7.95 

7.55 


7.3 


2 










7 05 


3 


4.2 








6.75 


4 






11.3 


6.7 


5 








6.8 


6 










7.0 


7 




6.9 


9.1 




6.9 


8 




6.85 


9 










6.45 


10 


8.3 








6.15 


11 






9.65 
9.05 
8.9 
9.4 
11.2 

12.3 

12.65 

12.7 

12.75 

12.8 

12.8 

12.6 

12.5 

12.25 

11.9 

11.5 
il.05 
10.65 
10.25 
9.8 


5.85 


12 








5.7 


13 








5.6 


14 




7.1 


7.8 


5.6 


15 




5.5 


16 








5.5 


17 


7.0 






5.6 


18 






5.6 


19 








5.6 


20 








5.6 


21 




7.2 


7.4 


5.6 


22 




5.7 


23 








5.7 


24 


6.3 






5.8 


25 






5.8 


26 








5.9 


27.. 








5.8 


28 




8.9 


8.4 




29 






30 










31. 


6.2 





















a Gage heights affected by ice Jan. 1 to Apr. 10, and Dec. 28 to 31, 1909. Gage heights are to water 
surface during periods of ice cover except' Mar. 28 and Apr. 4, which are to top of ice. Anchor ice was 
running Dec. 1 and 12. Logs cleared the bridge June 13. 

Rating table for Mattawamheag River at Mattawamkeag, 1902-1909. 



Gage 


Dis- 


height. 


Dis- 


Gage 


Dis- 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 


height. 


charge. 


charge. 


height. 


charge. 


charge. 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 


2.50 


86 


3.90 


590 


5.30 


2,080 


7.40 


5,920 


2.60 


100 


4.00 


660 


5.40 


2,220 


7.60 


6,360 


2.70 


114 


4.10 


736 


5.50 


2,360 


7.80 


6,810 


2.80 


134 


4.20 


818 


5.60 


2.500 


8.00 


7,270 


2.90 


160 


4.30 


906 


5.70 


2,660 


8.20 


7,750 


3.00 


190 


4.40 


1,000 


5.80 


2,820 


8.40 


8,230 


3.10 


223 


4.50 


1,100 


5.90 


2,980 


8.60 


8,730 


3.20 


258 


4.60 


1,210 


6.00 


3,160 


8.80 


9,230 


3.30 


295 


4.70 


1,320 


6.20 


3,520 


9.00 


9,750 


3.40 


334 


4.80 


1,440 


6.40 


3,900 


10.00 


12,520 


3.50 


375 


4.90 


1,560 


6.60 


4,280 


11.00 


15,570 


3.60 


420 


5.00 


1,690 


6.80 


4,680 


12.00 


18, 620 


3.70 


470 


5.10 


1,820 


7.00 


5,080 


13.00 


21, 670 


3.80 


525 


5.20 


1,950 


7.20 


5,490 


14.00 


24, 720 



Note.— The above tabte supersedes all ratings . 
ble for ice or obstructed channel conditions. It is 
to 1909 and is well defined below gage height 12 feet, 



ublished for this station. It is not applica- 
ased on' 27 discharge measurements made diiring 1902 



STEEAM FLOW. 75 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Mattawamkeag River at Mattawamheag , 1902-1909. 



Day. 



1902. 



Aug. 



Sept. 



736 

698 

1,000 

1,320 

1,210 

1,210 
1,100 
1,000 
906 
1,050 

1,100 
1,210 
1,320 
1,440 
1,440 



Oct. 



1,210 
1,210 
1,210 
1,150 
1,000 

1,050 
1,380 
2,020 
2,290 
2,220 

1,950 
1,820 
1,620 
1,560 
1,440 



Nov. 



6,920 
5,920 
5,080 
4,380 
3,800 

3,340 
3,160 
2,980 
2,740 
2,580 

2,290 
2,080 
2,020 
1,950 
2,080 



Dec. 



2,580 
2,290 
2,290 
2,020 
2,150 

2,080 
2,150 
5,600 
5,180 
4,480 

4,000 
3,900 



Day. 



1902. 



17 




18 




19 




20 




21 




22 




23 




24. . .. 




25 




26 


1,210 


27 


1,320 


28 


1,210 


29 


1,100 


30 


1,000 


31 


862 



Aug. 



Sept. 



1,690 
1,690 
1,560 
1,500 
1,320 

1,100 
1,000 
1,000 
1,000 
953 

1,000 

1,000 

862 

906 

953 



Oct. 



1,440 
1,440 
1,440 
1,440 
1,500 

1,750 
1,950 
1,880 
1,690 
1,500 

1,320 
1,260 
1,750 
4,680 
6,810 
7,280 



Nov. 



2,220 
2,360 
2,360 
2,360 
2,360 

2,220 
2,360 
2,360 
2,360 
2,360 

2,290 
2,150 
2,220 
2,430 
2,660 



Dec. 



5,080 
6,030 
6,810 



Day. 



Jan. 



Feb. 



Mar. 



Apr. 



May. 



June. 



July. 



Aug. 



Sept. 



Oct. 



Nov. 



Dec. 



1903. 



1904. 



12,700 

18,300 
20, 700 
21,300 
13, 400 
14,000 

13,300 
13, 100 
13,000 
12, 500 
12,500 

12,500 
12,500 
13, 100 
14,300 
16,300 

16,300 
16,000 
15,600 
14,900 
13,400 
12,400 



11,500 
10,700 
9,880 
10, 100 
10,100 

9,750 



10,900 
12,200 

12,800 
12,500 
12, 100 
11,400 
10,900 

10,000 
9,750 
9,360 
8,730 
8,360 

7,040 
5,920 
5,500 
5,280 
5,390 

5,600 
6,140 
6,250 
6,030 
5,700 



7,750 
6,360 
7,750 

9,750 
11,800 
12,400 
12,700 
12,^ 



5,600 
5,080 
4,680 
4,480 
4,580 

4,380 
4,480 
4,780 
4,480 
3,900 

3,800 
3,520 
3,430 
3,900 
3,430 

2,820 
2,080 
1,950 
1,820 



1,950 
1,950 
1,950 
1,950 
1,620 

1,560 
1,620 
1,500 
1,380 
1,150 



14,600 
15,600 
15,900 
15,600 
14,800 

13,700 
12,800 
12,400 
10,900 
10,800 

10, 100 
11,500 
15, 100 
16,800 
17,700 



660 
625 
660 
625 
660 

660 
625 
660 
590 
736 

736 

906 

1,210 

1,150 

1,150 

1,150 

1,210 

1,050 

906 

818 

818 

777 
660 



660 



953 



3,900 
3,710 
3,520 
3,520 
3,620 

4,090 
4,980 
5,180 
4,680 
4,480 

4,280 
4,090 
3,520 
3,340 
3,250 



1,150 
1,100 
1,000 
1,000 
953 

818 

862 

1,000 

1,000 

862 

625 
525 
445 
420 
498 

625 

953 

1,320 

1,320 

1,260 

1,100 
1,100 
1,100 
1,210 
1,210 

1,270 
1,050 
862 
818 
736 
953 



1,100 
1,100 
1,380 
1,560 
1,560 

1,560 
1,560 
1,500 
1,320 
1,320 

906 
818 
906 
906 
1,000 



1,210 
1,050 



660 
660 



590 
590 
525 
470 

420 
525 
525 
525 
525 

525 
470 
420 
525 
590 



736 
736 
736 

660 
590 
525 
470 
470 
420 



498 
375 
445 
470 
470 

470 
470 
398 
334 



470 
525 
525 
525 
498 



375 
334 
375 
375 
375 

375 
375 
334 
334 
375 

375 
334 
295 
295 

258 

258 
334 
375 
375 
375 

334 
295 

258 
295 
395 

295 
295 
295 
295 

258 



375 
334 
354 
420 



736 

1,000 

906 

818 



590 
590 
525 



258 
258 
258 
258 
223 

160 
160 
190 
190 
134 

134 
134 
114 
114 
114 

114 
114 
134 
190 
276 

334 
334 
334 
334 
334 

334 
375 
470 
420 
375 
334 



3,340 
4,000 
4,280 
4,000 
3,620 

3,250 
2,900 
2,580 
2,290 
2,080 

2,080 
1,950 
1,820 
2,020 
2,220 



375 
375 
375 
375 
420 

470 
525 
525 
590 



736 

777 

953 

1,210 

1,440 

1,440 
1,320 
1,320 
1,320 
1,320 

1,000 

1,000 

906 

818 

1,100 

1,210 
1,100 
1,000 
1,000 



2,220 
2,080 
1,950 
1,620 
1,500 

1,880 
1,880 
1,820 
1,820 
1,750 

1,560 
1,440 
1,440 
1,380 
1.260 



818 
736 
660 
590 
590 



736 
736 
736 
736 

736 
736 
818 
,210 
,320 



1,440 
1,560 



1,950 
1,820 
1,690 
1,820 
1,950 

2,080 
2,360 
2,820 
2,820 
2,660 

2,660 
2,660 
2,660 
2,500 
2,360 



76 



WATER RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Mattawamheag River at Mattawamkeag , 1902-1909 — 

Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1904. 
16 








11,500 
11, 100 
10,000 
9,490 
9,240 

8,980 
8,980 
8,980 
9,110 
9,880 

10,700 
11,200 
11,800 
12,400 
13,400 


17,300 
16,500 
14,800 
11,500 
10,700 

10,700 
9,110 
8,730 
8,600 
8,110 

6,810 
6,250 
6,140 
5,500 
4,580 
4,090 

4,880 
4,680 
4,480 
4,480 
4,380 

4,090 
3,710 
3,520 
3,340 
3,340 

3,340 
3,430 
3,340 
3,070 
2,580 

2,580 
2,980 
3,340 
4,090 
4,580 

5,810 
5,500 
5,500 
5,700 
5,390 

4,680 
4,000 
3,160 
2,500 
2,290 
2,080 

13,700 
14,300 
14,600 
14,900 
15,800 

15,900 
15,900 
15,900 
15,300 
14,600 

14,600 
13,700 
12,800 
12,200 
12,400 

11,200 
10,400 
9,490 
9,240 
7,870 


3,160 
3,160 
3,160 
3,160 
2,900 

2,290 
1,880 
1,620 
1,440 
1,260 

1,050 
953 
1,050 
1,210 
1,210 

2,080 
2,080 
2,080 
1,950 
1,950 

1,950 
1,950 
1,820 
1,820 
1,620 

1,500 
1,320 
1,260 
1,440 
1,620 

1,950 
2,430 
2,020 
2,150 
2,660 

2,500 
1,820 
1,620 
1,380 
1,150 

1,000 
906 

1,000 
906 
906 

5,500 
5,180 
4,480 
4,680 
5,810 

5,280 
4,880 
4,480 
4,280 
3,520 

2,820 
2,220 
1,560 
1,210 
1,050 

906 
736 
590 
525 
698 


1,100 

1,050 

953 

736 

818 

736 
698 
660 
590 
557 

420 
470 
525 
525 
590 
590 

818 
818 
818 
818 
818 

818 
818 

818 
818 
818 

736 
736 
660 
660 
590 

590 
525 
470 
470 
470 

470 
470 
470 
398 
334 

420 
470 
420 
354 
375 
375 

1,050 
818 
660 
818 

1,100 

953 
1,000 
862 
625 
818 

736 

818 

906 

1,000 

1,100 

1,000 
906 
906 
818 
818 


398 
420 
525 
590 
590 

660 
660 
660 
660 
660 

660 
557 
470 
470 
445 
445 

375 
375 

375 
354 
295 

295 
295 

258 
258 
276 

334 
334 
334 
276 
223 

223 
190 
258 

258 
258 

240 
190 
160 
147 
190 

223 
190 
160 
160 
114 
134 

420 
525 
525 
498 
470 

470 
470 
445 
420 
354 

334 
334 
334 
314 
295 

295 
295 
295 
295 
258 


1,150 
1,560 
1,750 
1,690 
1,820 

1,950 
1,820 
1,950 
1,950 
2,150 

2,580 
2,820 
2,820 
2,660 
2,740 

134 
134 
134 
134 
160 

223 
223 
258 
258 
258 

223 
190 
190 
258 
334 

314 
295 
258 
258 
295 

258 
258 
223 
190 
175 

134 
134 
114 
114 
114 

314 
276 
258 
295 
420 

420 
470 
420 
375 
375 

334 
334 
258 
223 
190 

190 
134 
100 
86 
100 


2,220 
2,080 
1,950 
1,950 
1,820 

1,690 
1,880 
2,290 
2,360 
2,500 

2,740 
2,980 
2,980 
3,160 
2,900 
2,580 

114 
100 
100 

86 
86 

86 
86 
86 
86 
86 

86 
86 
100 
100 
100 

100 
86 
86 
100 
100 

114 
114 
114 
114 
114 

114 
114 
100 
100 
100 
100 

114 
100 
100 
100 
100 

86 
114 
190 
295 
445 

1,000 
2,740 
3,160 
3,160 
2,980 

2,820 
2,580 
2,290 
1,950 
1,500 


1,000 
1,000 
1,150 
1,440 
1,820 

1,440 
1,320 
1,380 
1,690 
1,620 

1,880 
2,080 
1,950 
1,950 
1,950 


2,220 
2,080 


17 








18 








1,950 
1,820 


19 








^0 








1,690 


21 










22 










23 










24 










25 










26 










27 










28 










29 










30 










31 










1905. 
1 










100 
114 
114 
334 
375 

420 
420 
420 
420 
420 

470 
470 
470 
470 
420 

420 
470 
625 
862 
1,210 

906 
698 
590 
590 
660 

660 
660 
660 
777 
1000 


1,560 


2 








16,800 
9,360 
8,730 
8,360 

8,860 
10,300 
11,900 
12,500 
12,500 

12,200 
11,400 
10,900 
10,500 
10,500 

10,500 
10,100 
9,240 
8,240 
7,630 

7,040 
7,040 
7,280 
7,280 
7,280 

7,040 
6,580 
5,810 
5,280 
5,080 


1,560 
1,320 


3 








4 








1,440 


5 








1,560 


6 








1,750 


7 








1,690 
1,560 


8 








9 








1,440 


10 








1,260 


11 








1,100 


12 








1,000 
1,000 
1,150 


13 








14 








15 








1,440 
1,560 


16 








17 








18 










19 










20 










21 










22 










23 










24 










25 










26 










27 










28 










29 . . 










30 










31 










1906. 
1. . 




8,980 
8,230 
7,270 






3,520 
3,340 
3,160 
3,160 
3,340 

3,520 
3,250 
2,980 
2,820 
2,900 

3,160 
3,160 
2,980 
2,820 
2,820 

2,820 
2,980 
2,980 
3,160 
3,520 


2,220 
2,290 


2 








3 








2,360 


4 








5 












6 













7 












8 












9. . 












10 












11 












12 












L3 












14 












15 












L6 












L7 








11,400 
11,800 
12,800 
14,200 




L8 










L9 








JO 









STEEAM FU3-W. 



77 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Mattawamkeag River at MattawamTceag, 1902-1909 — 

Continued. 



Day. 



Jan. 



Feb. 



Mar. 



Apr. 



May. 



June. 



July. 



Aug. 



Sept. 



Oct. 



Nov. 



1906. 



17,400 

17,400 
16,800 
15,800 
15,600 
14,800 
9,750 



1907. 



1908. 



14,500 

14,600 
14, 600 
14,800 
14,900 

14,300 
14,300 
13, 700 
13,700 
13,400 



7,040 
7,630 

7,750 

8,860 

10,000 

10,700 

12,400 

15,800 
17,400 
19, 100 
20, 100 
21,900 



9,880 
10,300 
10,000 

10,000 

68,000 

6,000 

5,000 

4,480 

4,880 
5,080 
5,180 
5,080 
4,880 



6,140 
5,500 
5,180 
5,920 
5,500 

4,190 
4,090 
3,900 
4,000 
4,680 
4,680 



23,800 

24,400 

23,500 

a21,300 

«19,000 

al6,800 
14,500 
13,400 
11,900 
10,300 

9,110 
8,110 
7,630 
6,920 
5,600 

5,180 
4,680 
4,480 
4,280 
4,1«0 

4,480 
4,780 
4,880 
4,090 
3,250 

2,980 
2,900 
3,620 
3,900 
3,710 
3,430 



16,200 
17,200 
17,100 
16,600 
15,900 

14,500 
13, 100 
12, 100 
11,700 
11,800 

12,200 
12,200 
11,500 
10,500 



9,490 
9,100 

8,360 
7,160 
6,470 



1,260 
1,750 
2,360 
2,500 
2,500 

2,500 
1,950 
1,560 
1,440 
1,150 



2,740 
2,740 
3,250 
4,190 
4,280 

4,780 
5,180 
5,500 
6,700 
6,700 

6,250 
5,810 
5,390 
4,880 
4,190 

3,710 
2,900 
2,150 
2,080 
1,880 

1,820 
1,690 
1,560 
1,690 
2,020 

2,430 
2,980 
4,580 
6,920 
8,110 



5,810 
8,000 
7,500 
7,000 
6,500 

6,000 
5,000 
4,500 
4,000 
3,500 

3,500 
3,000 
3,000 
2,500 
2,220 

2,220 
3,070 
3,250 
3,070 
3,070 



1,100 

818 
818 
818 
818 

818 
818 
736 
736 
557 
470 



8,480 
8,730 
8,730 
8,480 
7,510 

6,920 
5,920 
5,180 
4,780 
4,380 

3,900 
3,520 
3,2o0 
3,160 
3,160 

2,980 
2,980 
2,980 
2,820 
2,660 

2,980 
2,980 
2,980 
2,980 
2,820 

2,820 
2,660 
2,820 
2,820 
2,820 
3,160 



862 
777 
698 
625 
625 

558 
498 
498 
498 
498 

498 
445 
398 
398 
354 

354 
354 

354 
398 



223 



258 
258 

258 
258 
295 
334 
354 
375 



4,000 
4,580 
4,680 
4,380 
4,090 

4,090 
4,280 
4,090 
3,710 
3,250 

2,740 
2,430 
2,220 
2,150 
1,950 

1,820 
1,690 
1,500 
1,380 
1,320 

1,320 
1,210 
1,210 
1,100 
1,150 

1,210 
1,210 
1,150 
1,000 
906 
1,000 



314 
314 
276 
240 



240 
295 
375 
420 
470 

525 
525 



354 

498 
525 
625 
660 
736 



100 
100 
107 
114 
114 

114 
114 
114 
114 
114 



625 

525 

590 

1,210 

1,690 
2,430 
2,580 
2,290 
2,080 

1,880 
1,690 
1,820 
1,700 
1,560 

1,440 
1,320 
1,210 
1,210 
1,210 

1,210 
1,150 
1,000 
1,000 
1,320 

1,880 
2,500 
1,950 
1,500 
1,440 



223 
190 
223 
223 
223 

223 
258 
334 
375 
375 

334 
334 
295 
258 
190 

160 
160 
134 
134 
134 



1,440 
1,320 
1,440 
1,690 
1,820 

2,430 
3,070 
3,430 
3,710 
3,520 
3,520 



1,440 
1,440 
1,320 
1,210 
1,100 

1,150 
1,380 
1,880 
2,820 
4,000 

4,780 
5,080 
4,580 
4,190 
3,900 

3,710 
3,250 
2,900 
2,660 
2,430 

2,220 
2,080 
1,880 
1,820 
1,690 

1,560 
1,620 
2,290 
2,500 
2,660 
2,660 



107 
206 
470 
906 
L,000 



690 
498 
420 

420 
470 
470 
470 
420 

420 
375 
334 
295 

258 



3,710 
3,710 
3,520 
3,340 
3,160 

2,820 
2,660 
2,660 
2,360 
2,080 



2,500 
2,500 
2,580 
3,2o0 
3,520 

3,620 
4,280 
5,700 
6,470 
6,810 

6,360 
5,600 
4,830 
4,230 
4,090 

4,090 
3,900 
3,710 
3,250 
2,900 

2,580 
2,360 
2,360 
2,500 
2,500 

2,500 
2,980 
2,820 
2,820 
2,820 



1,440 
1,880 
1,560 
1,050 
1,000 

1,000 
906 
818 
736 
736 

736 
660 

736 
818 
862 

1,050 

1,160 

1,000 

906 

818 



a Record missing. Discharge interpolated. 

6 Discharge estimated for Apr. 12 to 14, when there was no record. Also estimated for June 2 to 14, 
logs were running and jammed under gage. 



when 



78 



WATER EESOUECES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Mattawamkeag River at Mattawamheag , 1902-1909- 

Continued. 



Day. 



Jan. 



Feb. 



Mar. 



Apr. 



May, 



June. 



July. 



Aug. 



Sept. 



Oct. 



Nov. 



Dec. 



1908. 



1909. 



4,680 
4,680 
4,880 
5,080 
6,250 

7,630 

9,880 

11,700 

12, 100 

13, 900 



9,490 
10,800 
16,200 

19,500 
20,600 
20,800 
20,900 
21, 100 

21,100 
20,400 
20, 100 
19,400 
18,300 

17, 100 
15, 700 
14,500 
13,300 
11,900 



5,600 
4,580 
4,280 
3,900 
3,520 

3,070 
2,820 
3,070 
3,070 
3,070 
3,800 



11,000 
10, 700 
10,000 
10,000 
10, 700 

11,100 
11, 400 
11,000 
11,000 
11,700 

11,900 
12, 400 
13,100 
13, 100 
13, 100 

13, 100 
13,000 
12, 100 
11,800 
11,000 

10,300 
8,730 
7,750 
7,160 
6,810 

6,250 
5,080 
4,380 
4,000 
3,710 
3,710 



2,900 
2,660 
2,220 
2,220 
1,950 

1,760 

1,620 

1,210 

862 

777 



3,430 
2.900 

2,820 
2,660 
2,500 

2,430 
2,360 
2,360 
2,360 
2,360 

2,360 
2,360 
al, 500 
1,160 
1,100 

1,100 
1,000 
1,100 
1,260 
1,760 

1,440 
1,320 
1,210 
1,160 
1,000 

906 

777 
660 
625 



420 
445 



354 
314 
314 
314 
314 



1,210 
1,210 
1,210 
1,100 
1,000 



906 
1,050 
1,320 
1,500 

1,690 
1,820 
1,690 
1,560 
1,560 

1,560 
1,560 
1,560 
1,690 
1,690 

1,820 
1,950 
2,080 
2,080 
1,880 

1,690 
1,560 
1,440 
1,320 
1,160 
1,000 



736 
660 
590 
525 

470 

420 
375 
375 
334 
295 
258 



906 

777 



660 



590 
525 
525 
525 
445 

375 
375 
420 
398 
375 

334 
334 
398 
498 
525 

590 
590 
590 
590 
660 

736 



625 
525 
470 



114 
114 
100 



86 



100 



525 
525 

498 
420 

445 

525 
525 
736 
818 
953 

736 

818 

906 

1,050 

1,320 

1,560 
1,560 
1,560 
1,260 
1,100 

906 
818 
818 
736 
660 



1,160 
3,800 
9,750 
13,000 



223 
223 
190 
160 
134 

175 
295 
334 
398 
525 
953 



12,230 
12,500 
12,100 
10,800 



8,730 
7,390 
5,920 
4,980 
4i,180 

3,340 
3,160 
2,900 
2,580 
2,360 

2,220 
2.220 
2,220 
2,080 
2,080 

1,950 
1,820 
1,820 
1,820 
1,820 

1,950 
2,080 
2,080 
1,950 
1,820 
1,690 



736 
736 
660 
818 
736 

590 
698 
818 
906 
1,000 



1,500 
1,820 
2,290 
2,740 
3,250 

3,900 
4,090 
4,000 
3,520 
3,710 

3,340 
2,660 
2,290 
2,430 
2,820 

2,660 
2,660 
2,660 
2,660 
2,500 

2,360 
2,220 
2,080 
2,290 
2,820 

4,680 
7,040 
7,870 
7,160 
6,250 



5,700 
5,180 

4,580 
4,480 
4,680 

5,080 
4,880 
4,780 
4,000 
3,430 

2,900 
2,660 
2,500 
2,500 
2,360 

2,360 



o Discharge probably affected by logging for some days previous to June 13. 



STEEAM FLOW. 



79 



Monthly discharge of Mattawamheag River at Mattawamheag , 1902-1909. 
[Drainage area, 1,500 square miles.] 





Discharge in second-feet. . 


Run-off 

(depth in 

inches on 

drainage 

area). 




Month. 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


Per 
square 
mile. 


Accu- 
racy. 


1902. 
Aug. 26-31 


1,320 
1,690 
7,280 
6,920 
6,810 

21,300 

12,800 

5,600 

1,210 

1,320 

1,210 

375 

470 

1,440 

1,560 

13,400 
17,700 
5,180 
1,560 
660 
2,820 
4,280 
2,220 
2,820 

16,800 

5,810 

2,660 

818 

375 

334 

114 

1,210 

1,750 

14,900 

15,900 

5,810 

1,100 

525 

470 

3,710 

3,710 


862 

698 

1,000 

1,950 

2,020 

12,400 
5,280 
862 
590 
420 
420 
258 
114 
375 
590 

6,360 

4,090 

953 

420 

334 

334 

1,690 

1,000 

1,690 

5,080 
2,080 
906 
334 
114 
114 
86 
100 
1,000 

11,400 

3,900 

525 

470 

206 

86 

86 

2,080 


1,120 
1,140 
2,010 
2,880 
3,780 

14,600 
8,990 
2,990 

798 

938 

613 

327 

242 

887 

872 

10,300 

11,500 

2,990 

952 

508 

1,360 

2.600 

1,640 

2.230 

9,180 
3,900 
1,690 

601 

250 

208 
98.7 

541 
1,400 

13,800 

10,300 

2,650 

846 

345 

224 

1,720 

3,080 


0:747 
.760 
1.34 
1.92 
2.52 

9.73 

5.99 

1.99 
.532 
.625 
.409 
.218 
.161 
.591 
.581 

6.87 

7.67 

1.99 
.635 
.339 
.907 

1.73 

1.09 

1.49 

6.12 

2.60 

1.13 
.401 
.167 
.139 
.0658 
.361 
.933 

9.20 

6.87 

1.77 
.564 
.230 
.149 

1.15 

2.05 


0.17 
.85 
1.54 
2.14 
1.41 

7.96 
6.68 
2.29 
.59 
.72 
.47 
.24 
.19 
.66 
.37 

5.88 
8.84 
2.22 
.73 
.39 
1.01 
1.99 
1.22 
1.11 

6.60 
3.00 
1.26 
.46 
.19 
.16 
.08 
.40 
.56 

4.79 

7.92 

1.98 

.65 

.26 

.17 

1.33 

2.29 


A. 


September 


A. 


October 


A. 


November .... 


A. 


December (15 days) 


B. 


1903. 
Mar. 10-31 


A. 


April 


A. 


May...... 


A. 




A. 


July 


A. 




A. 


September 


A. 


October 


A. 


November 


A. 


Dec. 1-17 


A. 


1904. 
Apr. g-30 


A. 


Mav . . 


A. 




A. 


Julv 


A. 




A. 


September . . 


A. 


October 


A. 


November ... . . ... 


A. 


Dec. 1-20 


A. 


1905. 
Apr. 2-30 


B. 


Mav 


A. 


June 


A. 


July 


A. 


August 


A. 




A. 


October 


B. 




A. 


Dec. 1-16 


B. 


1906.O 
Apr. 17-30 


B. 


Mav 


B. 


June 


A. 


July 


A. 


August . .. 


A. 




A. 


October . . 


A. 




A. 






1907. & 
January 


1,850 
1,000 
1,290 
21,900 
24,400 
8,110 
8,730 
4,680 
2,580 
5,080 
6,810 
8,730 


880 

480 

470 

1,290 

2,900 

1,560 

2,660 

906 

525 

1,100 

2,360 

2,820 


1,330 
740 
694 
6,690 
9,070 
3,970 
4,260 
2,350 
1,500 
2, 520 
3,680 
4,410 


.887 
.493 
.463 
4.46 
6.05 
2.65 
2.84 
1.57 
1.00 
1.68 
2.45 
2.94 


1.02 
.51 
.53 
4.98 
6.98 
2.96 
3.27 
1.81 
1.12 
1.94 
2.73 
3.39 


D. 




D. 


March . . 


B. 


April 


A. 


May ■•■::•• •.: 


A. 




A. 


July . 


A. 




A. 


September 


A. 


October 


A. 


November 


A. 


December 


A. 






The year 


24,400 


470 


3,430 


2.29 


31.24 









a An estimate of 6,440 second-feet per day for Apr. 1 to 16 gives a monthly mean of 9,870 second-feet. A 
monthly mean of 1,740 second-feet has been estimated for December. 

b Discharge during the frozen period 1907 determined from an approximate ice rating. Discharge May 
4 to 6, 1907, interpolated. Discharge Apr. 1 to 18, 1907, 2,330 second-feet. Discharge probably not affected 
by ice conditions during December, 1907, 



80 



WATER EESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 



Monthly discharge of Mattawamkeag River at Mattawamkeag, 1902-1909 — Continued. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. 



Minimum. 



Mean. 



Per 

square 
mile. 



Run-off 
(depth in 
inches on 

drainage 
area). 



Accu- 
racy. 



January... 
February.. 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September. 

October 

November. 
December. . 



1908.a 



The year. 



January... 
February . . 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September. 

October 

November. 
December. . 



1909. b 



The year. 



13, 900 

17,200 

8,000 

862 

736 

• 375 

1,000 

1,880 

1,100 



2,820 
777 
314 
206 
86 
107 
590 
400 



2,980 

2,510 

2,280 

6,780 

9,160 

3,500 

457 

443 

191 

429 

919 

722 



1.99 
1.67 
1.52 
4.52 
6.11 
2.33 
.305 
.295 
.127 
.286 
.613 
.481 



2.29 

1.80 

1.75 

5.04 

7.04 

2.60 

.35 

.34 

.14 

.33 

.68 

.55 



17,200 



2,530 



22.91 



21,100 
13,100 
3,430 
2,080 
906 
13,000 
12,500 
7,870 
5,700 



3,710 
625 
906 
334 
420 
1,690 
1,500 



928 

888 

1,910 

12,400 

9,710 

1,690 

1,408 

548 

1,670 

4,340 

3,410 

3,310 



.619 
.592 
1.27 
8.27 
6.47 
1.13 
.987 
.365 
1.11 
2.89 
2.27 
2.21 



.71 
.62 
1.46 
9.23 
7.46 
1.26 
1.14 
.42 
1.24 
3.33 
2.53 
2.55 



21, 100 



334 



3,490 



2.33 



31.56 



a Discharge during the frozen periods 1908 based on the 1907 ice rating climatological reports and on four 
discharge measurements made under ic3 conditions. Discharge Apr. 12 to 14 and June 2 to 14, estimated. 

Second-feet. 

Discharge Apr. 1 to 14, 1908 6, 660 

Discharge June 2 to 14, 1908 4, 920 

?) Discharge for frozen periods estimated by study of climatologic data and comparisons with other 
stations. 

Second-feet. 

Mean discharge, Apr. 1 to 11 , estimated 4, 730 

Mean discharge, Dec. 17 to 31, estimated 1, 670 



PISCATAQUIS RIVER NEAR FOXCROFT. 

Piscataquis River rises in the hilly and mountainous region south 
and east of Moosehead Lake, flows for about 50 miles in an easterly 
direction, and enters the Penobscot at Rowland. Its slopes and 
valleys are generally steep, and the regimen of flow is therefore 
variable. Sebec, Schoodic, and Seboois streams, all outlets of large 
lakes having the same names, are the principal tributaries. 

The gaging station, which was established August 17, 1902, is 
located at Low's bridge, about halfway between the villages of 
Guilford and Foxcroft, and is just above the mouths of Black and 
Salmon streams. Water power is used at several manufacturing 
plants within a few miles above the station, and the river fluctuates 
considerably at the gage during low stages. The little storage on 
the river above this point is used solely for log driving. 



STREAM FLOW. 



81 



The gage datum has remained the same during the maintenance 
of the station. During the winter the discharge is affected by ice. 
Conditions for obtaining accurate discharge data are good, and a very 
good rating curve has been developed for medium stages. At high 
and low stages the curve is not yet accurately defined. 

Discharge measurements' of Piscataquis River near Foxcroft, 1902-1906 and 1908-9, 



Date. 



1902. 

Aug. 13 , 

Aug. 16 

Sept. 10 

Oct. 18 

1903. 

Apr. 6 

May 14 

Do 

June 12 

Do 

Do 

Sept. 16 

Oct. 3a 

0ct.31a 

Do 

Do 

Nov. 24a 



Gage 
height. 



Feet. 
3.70 
2.80 
2.75 
2.00 



4.30 
2.80 
2.79 
2.48 
2.64 
2.47 
2.19 
1.52 
1.78 
1.94 
1.78 
2.50 



Discharge. 



Second-feet. 

1,000 

332 

288 

61 



1,490 

370 

368 

160 

208 

169 

112 

22 

31 

79 

37 

181 



Date. 



1904. 

Apr, 22 

May 13 

Do 

June 2 

1905. 

Apr. 15 

June 20 

1906. 

Aug. 22 

Aug. 31 

1908. 

Apr. 6 

Oct. 30 

1909. 
Oct. 28 



Gage 
height. 



Feet. 
4.00 
5.92 
5.98 
2.90 



5.35 
3.04 



2.73 
2.81 



3.19 
2.69 



3.14 



Discharge. 



Second-feet. 

1,190 

3,850 

3,910 

415 



425 



320 
330 



550 



499 



a Measurement by wading. 
Daily gage height, in feet, of Piscataquis River near Foxcroft, 1902-1909. 



Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1902. 
1 




2.45 
2.35 
2.4 
2.4 
2.5 

2.4 
2.35 
2.55 
2.55 
3.3 

3.6 

3.25 

2.45 

2.7 

2.95 

3.15 


2.05 
2.65 
2.55 
2.45 
2.4 

2.3 

2.9 

3.15 

3.1 

2.95 

2.75 

2.5 

2.7 

2.35 

2.1 

2.15 


3.9 

3.55 

3.5 

3.5 

3.3 

3.35 

3.1 

3.15 

3.0 

3.1 

2.9 

3.25 

3.85 

3.5 

3.4 

3.3 


3.05 

3.0 

2.9 

2.8 

2.7 

(a) 



1902. 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21..- 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 


2.45 

2.75 

2.55 

2.5 

2.85 

2. 65 

2.4 

2.35 

2.65 

2.7 

2.75 

2.7 

2.5 

2.45 

1.75 


3.15 
2.85 
2.75 
2.75 
2.7 

2.65 

2.55 

2.7 

2.6 

2.6 

2. 55 
2.2 
2. .35 
2.65 


2.6 

2.25 

2.0 

2.9 

3.35 

3.1 
2.95 
2.95 
2.9 

2.7 

2.75 

4.0 

6.25 

5.1 

4.25 


3.5 

3.35 

3.05 

3.25 

3.25 

3.15 

3.05 

3.05 

3.0 

3.0 

2.8 
3.05 
3.0 
2.95 


(a) 


2 




3 






4 






5 






() 






7 






8 






9 






10 






11 






12 






13 






14 






15 






16 















a Frozen Dec 6 to 31. 



15042°— wsp 279—12- 



-6 



82 AVATEE KESOURCES OE PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Piscataquis River near Foxcroft, 1902-1909 — Continued. 



Day. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. ' 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1903. 
1 


a3.9 
4.05 
4.25 
4.25 
4.5 

4.05 

3.9 

3.75 

4.5 

5.4 

8.45 
10.9 
9.6 
8.95 
7.8 

7.05 

5.8 

6.1 

5.5 

6.55 

6.75 

6.55 

6.8 

7.25 

7.05 

6.15 

5.8 

5.3 

5.0 

4.65 

4.4 


5.05 

4.85 

4.75 

5.0 

5.35 

5.05 

4.3 

4.6 

5.8 

5.7 

5.6 

4.85 

4.55 

4.45 

4.2 

4.4 
4.8 
4.55 
4.45 
4.4 

4.45 

4.1 

4.05 

3.8 

3.75 

3.4 
3.3 
3.4 
3.3 
3.3 


3.25 

3.1 

2.95 

2.9 

2.9 

2.85 
2.9 
2.85 
2.7 

2.8 

2.7 

2.6 

2.55 

2.55 

2.55 

2.55 
2.55 
2.55 
2.55 
2.6 

2.75 
3.15 
3.15 
2.95 
2.35 

2.45 

2.35 

2.3 

2.3 

2.0 

2.3 


2.35 

2.3 

2.25 

2.2 

2.2 

2.05 

2.0 

2.0 

2.5 

2.15 

2.15 

2.25 

4.7 

6.95 

4.8 

4.25 

4.25 

4.05 

4.0 

3.7 

3.8 

2.95 

2.75 

2.75 

2.7 

2.7 

2.55 

2.5 

2.4 

2.4 


2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.25 

2.35 
2.25 
2.25 
2.35 
2.45 

2.55 
2.55 
2.45 
2.4 
2.45 

2.45 

2.5 

2.6 

2.3 

2.4 

2.35 
2.35 
2.6 
3.05 
2.9 

3.15 

3.15 

2.5 

2.45 

2.65 

3.8 


3.65 

2.7 

2.55 

2.55 

2.45 

2.45 

2.25 

2.25 

2.1 

2.35 

2.55 

2.85 

2.85 

2.9 

2.6 

2.5 

2.3 

2.3 

2.25 

2.3 

2.85 

3.0 

2.75 

2.6 

2.4 

2.25 

2.25 

2.25 

2.3 

1.9 

2.2 


2.1 

2.05 

2.05 

1.85 

2.35 

2.0 
1.9 
1.7 
2.0 
1.9 

1.7 
1.7 
1.5 
1.6 
1.7 

2.0 
1.9 
1.7 
1.9 
1.6 

1.8 

1.8 

1.75 

1.7 

1.6 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 


1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.75 

1.8 

1.75 

1.75 

1.75 

1.75 

1.75 

1.75 

1.75 

1.7 

1.6 

1.5 

1.5 

1.55 

2.5 

2.4 

2.3 

2.3 

2.05 

2.1 

1.5 

1.7 

1.75 

1.75 

1.8 

1.8 

1.8 


1.75 
1.75 
1.75 
1.75 
1.75 

1.75 

1.75 

1.7 

1.95 

2.0 

1.9 
2.1 
2.3 
2.4 
2.2 

2.4 
2.1 
2.2 
2.0 
1.8 

1.95 

1.65 

1.8 

2.1 

2.0 

1.9 

1.85 

1.85 

1.85 

1.75 


1.75 


2 


1.75 


3 


1.65 


4 


1.65 


5 


1.75 


6 


1.6 


7 


1.75 


8 


1.75 


9 


1.75 


10 


1.75 


11 


1.7 


12 


1.7 


13 . . 


1.85 


14 


2.05 


15 .... 


2.15 


16 


2.35 


17 


2.05 


18 ■ 


2.0 


19 


2.0 


20 


2.15 


21 


3.75 


22 .... 


4.4 


23 


4.1 


24 .... 


3.85 


25 


3.35 


26 


3.3 


27 


2.9 


28 


3.2 


29 


3.2 


30 


3.1 


31 


3.05 







o Frozen Jan. 1 to Feb. 



Day. 



Jan. 



Feb. 



Mar. 



Apr. 



May. 



June. 



July, 



Aug. 



Sept. 



Oct. 



Nov. 



Dec. 



1904. 

1. 

2 

3 

4 

5 



7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14.. 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

81 



3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.1 
3.0 

3.2 
3.2 
3.0 
2.9 
2.5 

3.2 
3.2 
3.2 
3.4 
3.4 

3.5 
3.5 
3.7 
3.9 
3.4 

3.2 
3.2 
3.3 
3.2 

3.7 

3.2 
3.4 
3.2 
2.9 
3.0 
3.0 



3.8 
3.4 
3.0 
2.9 

2.8 

2.8 
2.2 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 

2.8 
2.6 
2.5 
2.6 
2.8 

2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.7 
2.4 

2.0 
2.4 
2.8 
3.0 
3.2 

3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
2.9 



3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.1 
3.3 

3.6 
3.6 
3.8 
4.4 
4.9 

5.2 
5.0 
4.6 
4.6 
4.5 

4.4 
4.2 
4.2 
3.9 
3.8 

3.8 
3.8 
3.6 
4.3 
4.4 

4.6 
5.1 
5.2 
5.0 
4.8 
4.6 



4.7 
4.6 
4.5 
4.3 
4.2 

5.0 
5.0 
5.5 
5.8 
7.0 

10.2 
8.6 
6.2 
4.6 

4.2 

4.0 
3.8 
3.6 
3.8 
4.0 

4.1 
4.0 
4.0 
4.8 
5.2 

5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
6.0 
6.7 



7.0 
5.6 
5.2 
5.5 
4.9 

4.8 
4.6 
3.8 
4.0 
6.4 

6.9 

8.2 
6.2 
5.4 
4.4 

5.8 
6.6 
5.6 
4.8 
5.0 

4.4 
4.2 
4.3 
4.0 
3.7 

3.0 
3.6 
3.5 
3.3 
3.4 
3.4 



2.4 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.7 

3.4 
4.2 
3.6 
3.3 
3.2 

2.6 
2.0 
2.0 
2.3 
2.3 

2.5 

2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 

2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.5 
3.1 
3.0 
2.7 
2.6 



3.2 
3.4 
3.7 
3.7 
3.6 

3.2 
3.2 
3.0 
3.0 
2.9 

2.9 

2.9 
3.0 
3.2 
3.2 

3.0 

2.8 
2.8 
2.''7 
2.7 

2.7 
2.6 
2.5 
2.4 
2.3 

2.3 
2.3 
2.4 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 



2.3 
2.4 
2.2 
2.1 
2.1 

2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
2.2 
2.2 

2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.7 

2.6 
2.6 
2,6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.9 
3.0 
2.9 



2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.5 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.2 

3.6 
3.3 
2.2 
2.3 



3.5 
3.0 
2.8 
3.0 
3.0 

2.8 
2.8 
2.8 

'2.7 
2.6 



2.2 
2.4 
2.2 
2.1 



2.8 
4.0 



4.0 
4.0 
3.6 
3.5 
3.2 

3.2 
3.0 
3.0 
2.4 
2.2 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.7 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

3.0 
4.5 
3.9 
3.5 
3.2 

3.4 
4.0 
3.8 
3.5 
3.4 
3.2 



3.2 
3.2 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 

2.8 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 

3.0 
3.0 
2.6 
3.0 
3.1 

3.6 
3.2 
3.0 
2.8 
2.6 

2.8 
2.9 
3.0 
2.8 
2.9 

2.8 
2.5 
2.6 
2.6 
2.4 



STREAM FLOW. 83 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Piscataquis River near Foxcroft, 1902-1909 — Continued. 



Jan. 



2.0 
3.5 
3.5 
3.2 
3.2 
3.1 
3.0 
3.0 
3.4 
4.0 

4.0 
4.0 
4.0 
4.0 
3.6 

4.0 
3.6 
3.7 
3.8 
3.7 

3.4 
3.4 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 

3.4 
3.6 
3.4 
2.8 
3.2 
3.2 



2.2 

2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.8 

2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 

2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 

2.4 
2.5 
3.0 
3.2 
3.3 

3.3 
3.4 
3.6 
3.8 
4.4 

4.6 
4.6 
4.2 
4.2 
3.8 
3.8 



Feb. 



3.1 
3.1 
3.2 
3.7 
2.8 
3.2 
3.7 
3.7 
3.2 
3.2 

3.2 
3.2 
3.2 
3.2 
3.3 

3.4 
3.3 
3.2 
2.8 
3.0 

3.0 
3.1 
3.2 
3.3 
3.4 

4.2 
4.2 
4.0 



3.8 
3.6 
3.4 
2.9 
3.4 

3.4 
3.2 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 

2.8 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.0 

3.2 
3.4 
2.5 
3.4 
3.4 

3.4 
3.4 
3.4 
3.6 
3.4 

3.1 
3.0 
3.4 



Mar. 



3.8 
3.8 
3.8 
3.6 
3.5 
3.0 
2.6 
2.6 
2.5 

2.4 
2.4 
2.5 
2.5 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.4 
2.8 

3.0 
3.0 
3.1 
3.2 
3.2 

3.2 
4.8 
5.4 
6.5 
a 6. 6 
8.0 



3.5 
3.2 
3.2 
2.8 
3.5 

3.6 
3.4 
3.4 
3.1 
3.1 

2.8 
2.8 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 

3.0 
2.8 
3.0 
3.2 
3.4 

3.4 
3.4 
3.4 
3.2 
3.1 

3.2 
3.4 
3.5 
3.8 
3.8 
4.0 



Apr. 



8.3 
6.5 

6.5 
4.8 
4.3 
5.2 
8.2 
5.7 
4.7 
4.7 

4.7 
4.9 
5.0 
4.8 
5.2 

5.0 
4.6 
4.3 

4.4 



3.9 

4.6 
4.7 
4.3 
4.2 

4.3 
4.4 

4.4 
3.8 
3.5 



3.8 
3.8 
3.8 
3.8 
3.8 

4.0 
4.0 
3.8 
3.8 
3.6 

3.4 
3.3 
3.2 

3.2 
3.8 

8.0 
10.0 
7.6 
6.4 
6.3 

6.3 
6.5 
6.5 
6.0 
4.2 

4.6 
4.8 
5.6 
5.6 
5.4 



May. 



3.5 
3.8 
4.0 
4.5 
4.4 
4.4 
4.2 
4.0 
3.9 
3.9 

3.1 
3.1 
3.3 
3.7 
4.1 

3.3 
3.3 
3.3 
3.3 
3.8 

3.8 
3.4 
3.2 
3.2 
3.2 

3.1 
3.3 
.3.3 
2.9 
2.9 
2.9 



5.8 
6.2 
6.1 
6.1 
6.2 

6.2 
5.9 
5.5 
5.2 
8.1 

6.5 
5.1 
4.6 
5.1 

4.8 

4.7 
4.6 
4.5 
3.5 
3.5 

3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.0 
3.0 

3.2 
3.2 
3.8 
3.8 
3.8 
3.5 



June. 



2.9 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.6 
3.0 
3.0 
2.8 
2.8 
2.7 

2.4 
2.6 
3.1 
3.1 
3.0 

3.0 
2.8 
2.9 
3.3 
3.5 

3.4 
3.2 
3.1 
2.9 
3.0 

2.8 
2.9 
2.9 
2.8 
2.5 



3.3 
3.0 
3.4 
3.4 
3.4 

3.5 

4.8 
4.2 
3.8 
3.5 

3.0 
3.0 
3.0 

2.8 
2.8 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.3 

2.0 
2.3 
2.3 
2.6 
2.9 

2.6 
2.6 
2.2 
2.2 
2.1 



July. 



2.4 
2.8 
3.7 
3=3 
3.0 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.5 
2.5 
2.0 

2.0 
2.2 
2.0 
2.0 
2.1 

2.1 

2.0 
2.0 
2.2 

2.2 

2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.5 



2.0 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.3 

2.2 
2.2 
1.8 
2.1 
2.1 

2.2 
3.4 
2.8 
2.8 
2.5 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.5 

2.4 
3.2 
2.9 
2.9 
2.9 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.4 
2.6 
2.6 



Aug. 



2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
.8 
2.0 
2.1 
2.1 
2.2 

2.2 
2.2 
1.5 
2.3 
2.3 

2.3 
2.2 

2.2 
2.2 
2.2 

2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 

2.2 
1.8 
2.0 
2.0 
2.1 
2.1 



2.6 
2.6 
2.5 
2.4 
2.3 

2.3 
2.2 
2.1 
2.0 
2.2 

2.2 
2.2 
2.3 
2.3 

2.2 

2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.7 
2.4 

2.4 
2.4 
2.5 
2.7 
2.6 

2.5 
3.0 
3.2 
2.9 

2.8 
2.7 



Sept. 



2.1 
2.3 
1.8 
2.2 
2.3 
2.6 
2.6 
2.7 
2.2 
2.0 

2.3 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 

2.3 
2.0 
2.0 
1.7 
1.7 

1.8 
2.2 
2.2 
1.9 
2.0 

2.0 
2.2 
2.2 
1.9 
1.9 



2.6 
2.6 
2.7 

2.7 
2.7 

2.7 
2.6 
2.5 
2.4 
2.5 

2.5 
2.5 
2.4 
2.6 
2.5 

2.0 
2.0 
2.4 
2.4 
3.2 

3.0 
2.6 
2.4 
2.2 

2.8 

2.7 
2.8 
2.4 
2.2 
1.7 



Oct. 



2.0 
2.2 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.2 
2.0 
1.8 
2.3 
2.3 

2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
1.7 

2.2 
2.2 

2.2 
2.0 
1.9 

1.9 
1.6 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 

1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 



2.3 
2.8 
2.8 
1.9 
1.9 

1.8 
1.6 
2.2 
2.2 
3.8 

4.2 
3.5 
3.3 

2.8 
2.8 

2.7 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.0 

2.8 
2.9 
3.0 
3.0 
3.3 

4.2 
3.8 
3.7 
3.8 
3.4 
3.4 



Nov. 



2.0 
2.2 
2.0 
2.0 
1.7 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.3 
2.2 

2.0 
1.7 
2.0 
2.2 
2.0 

1.9 
2.2 

2.4 
2.6 
2.2 

2.2 
2.2 
2.1 
2.0 
1.9 

1.8 
2.3 
2.2 
2.2 
2.0 



3.5 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 

3.4 
3.4 
3.2 
3.2 
3.0 

3.0 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 

3.0 
3.3 
3.4 
3.4 
3.4 

3.4 
3.3 
3.2 
3.1 
3.1 

3.3 
3.3 
3.3 
3.2 
3.2 



a Ice in river broke up Mar. 30; river clear of ice Apr. 7. River did not freeze at section near gage 
during 1905. 

b River frozen over through February and probably through January. Gage heights are to water 
surface in hole cut in ice. River open on Apr. 7. The following thicknesses of ice were obtained: Feb. 17, 
1.4; Feb. 24, 1.1; Mar. 3, 1.2; Mar. 10, 1,0; Mar. 17, 1.5; Mar. 24, 1.7; Mar. 31, 1.5. 



84 WATER SESOUECES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Piscataquis River near Foxcroft, 1902-1909— Qoniimxed. 



Dav. 



1908.6 



Jan. 



3.6 
4.1 
4.0 
3.7 
3.5 

3.4 
3.2 
3.2 
3.2 
3.4 

3.0 
3.6 
3.4 
3.5 
3.6 

3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 

3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.9 

3.6 
3.5 
3.4 
3.4 
3.4 
3.3 



3.8 
3.8 
3.8 
3.8 
3.65 

3.65 

4.05 

4.1 

4.5 

4.0 

3.5 
3.5 
3.4 
3.4 
3.3 

3.2 

3.2 

3.2 

3.25 

3.3 

3.2 
3.2 
3.2 
3.2 
3.2 

3.0 

3.55 

3.55 

3.65 

3.6 

3.6 



Feb. 



3.6 
3.6 
3.3 
3.6 
3.6 

3.6 
3.6 
3.4 
3.4 
3.0 

3.5 
3.1 
3.3 
3.2 
3.2 

3.2 
2.9 
3.8 
3.7 
3.7 

3.7 
3.7 
3.4 
3.4 
3.2 

3.6 
3.4 
3.4 



3.6 
3.6 

4.0 
4.1 
4.25 

4.25 
4.25 
4.25 
3.85 
3.85 

3.7 
3.7 
3.6 
3.6 
4.0 



4.9 

4.7 

4.25 

4.25 

4.25 
4.0 
3.6 
3.6 
3.55 

3.55 
3.4 
3.4 
3.4 



Mar. 



3.4 
3.3 
3.1 
3.2 
3.3 

3.3 
3.3 
3.3 
3.4 
3.3 

3.3 
3.3 
3.2 
3.-2 
3.2 

3.5 
3.5 

4.4 
4.4 
4.1 

3.6 
3.6 
3.5 
3.6 
3.9 

3.9 
3.9 
3.9 
3.9 
3.9 
4.4 



3.55 
3.55 
3.55 
3.55 
3.55 

3.55 
3.35 
3.35 
3.35 
3.35 

3.35 
3.35 
3.35 
3.3 
3.4 

3.4 

4.4 

4.35 

3.85 

3.6 

3.4 

3.4 

3.35 

3.5 

3.9 

4.25 

4.1 

3.85 

3.7 

3.6 

3.6 



Apr. 



4.5 
4.5 
4.3 
6.3 
4.2 

4.4 
4.0 
3.9 
3.9 
3.9 

3.8 
3.6 
3.5 
3.4 
3.9 

4.2 
4.3 
4.6 
4.8 
3.9 

3.7 
4.2 
4.7 
7.3 

8.4 

7.2 
7.2 
7.2 
7.0 
7.6 



3.65 
3.75 
4.05 
4.35 
3.8 

3.25 

3.5 

3.65 

3.75 

3.9 

3.75 

4.1 

3.95 

3.75 

3.7 

4.1 

4.2 

3.8 

3.55 

4.0 

4.0 
3.95 
4.3 
4.95 
5.35 

6.35 

7.9 

8.1 

8.6 

7.2 



May. 



9.4 
8.6 
7.0 
5.5 
5.5 

5.9 
4.9 

5.7 
5.8 
5.7 

5.7 
4.6 
4.6 
4.5 
4.5 

4.5 
4.9 
5.0 
5.2 
5.0 

4.4 
3.5 
3.4 
3.4 
3.4 

3.2 
3.4 
3.5 
4.4 
4.0 
3.6 



8.1 

6.75 

6.7 

5.7 

5.55 
5.35 
4.55 
5.25 
5.55 

5.25 

4.4 

4.5 

4.5 

4.5 

4.4 

4.3 

4.1 

3.95 

3.9 

3.8 

3.6 

3.5 

3.35 

3.3 

3.3 



June. 



3.6 
3.2 
3.2 
3.0 
3.0 

3.0 
2.8 
3.1 
3.2 
3! 2 

3.2 
3.2 
3.2 
3.0 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.5 

2.7 
2.6 
2.8 

3.1 

4.2 
6.0 
4.4 
3.9 



5.1 

4.5 
4.15 
3.8 
3.4 

3.4 
3.2 
3.2 

3.05 

2.8 

2.4 
2.4 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 

2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 

2.2 
2.3 

2.25 
2.25 
2.25 

2.1 

2.1 

2.1 

2.25 

2.25 



July. 



5.6 
5.6 
5.5 
5.0 

4.4 

3.4 
3.4 
3.5 
3.4 
3.1 

3.2 
3.2 
3.3 
3.3 
3.1 

2.9 

2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 

2.8 
2.5 
3.0 
3.1 
3.1 

3.8 
4.0 
3.5 
3.3 
3.2 
3.2 



2.1 

1.95 

1.95 

1.95 

1.8 

1.8 
1.75 

1.7 
1.7 
1.7 

1.7 

1.65 

2.2 

2.2 

2.2 

2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 

2.2 

2.15 

2.2 

2.25 

2.1 

1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 



Aug, 



3.2 
3.2 
3.0 
3.0 
3.2 

3.6 
4.2 
4.2 
3.9 
3.5 

3.2 
3.1 
3.0 
2.9 
2.5 

2.4 
2.6 
3.2 
3.1 
3.0 

2.5 
2.4 
2.4 
2.3 
2.3 

2.4 
2.6 
2.7 
2.5 
2.3 
2.3 



Sept. 



2.3 
2.3 
2.7 
3.0 
4.3 

4.5 
3.9 
3.4 
3.4 
3.3 

3.4 
3.4 
3.2 
3.2 
3.2 

3.2 
3.2 
3.2 
3.2 
3.2 

3.0 
2.9 
2.9 
2.9 
3.1 

3.1 
3.0 
3.0 
2.8 
3.6 



Oct. 



2.05 


2.25 


2.1 


2.25 


2.3 


2.15 


2.2 


2.1 


2.45 


2.1 


2.95 


2.1 


2.95 


2.1 


2.95 


2.25 


2.95 


2.3 


2.9 


2.3 


2.85 


2.4 


2.7 


2.4 


2.7 


2.4 


2.45 


2.4 


2.45 


2.3 


2.45 


2.15 


2.5 


2.15 


2.5 


2.0 


2»5 


2.0 


2.4 


2.0 


2.3 


2.2 


2.0 


2.2 


2.0 


2.2 


2.0 


2.2 


2.0 


2.2 


1.95 


2.2 


1.95 


1.4 


1.9 


1.8 


1.9 


1.95 


1.9 


1.95 


1.9 





4.0 
3.7 
3.5 
4.0 
4.0 

3.6 
3.5 
3.8 
5.2 
4.4 

4.4 
4.0 
3.9 
3.8 
3.6 

3.8 
4.0 
3.8 
3.4 
3.4 

3.4 
3.4 
3.4 
3.3 
3.3 

3.2 
2.9 
3.0 
5.4 
6.2 
4.8 



2.2 
2.5 
2.2 
1.9 

2.2 

2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 

1.9 

2.35 

2.1 

1.95 

1.95 

1.95 

1.95 

1.7 

1.95 

1.95 

1.95 
1.95 
1.95 
1.95 
1.6 

1.95 

2.45 

2.75 

2.5 

2.35 

2.25 



a River frozen over more or less completely from about Jan. 10 to Apr. 7, 1907. During the frozen season 
gage heights were taken to water surface in a hole in the ice. 

^ Ice conditions prevailed from about Feb. 1 to 15, 1908, and it is probable that the discharge may have 
been more or less affected by ice conditions for short periods during the remainder of the winter months. 



STKEAM FLOW. 85 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Piscataquis River near F oxer oft, 1902-1909 — Continued. 



Day. 



1909.a 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 



7 

8. 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 - 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 



Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


2.2 


3.5 


5.0 


4.2 


4.45 


3.15 


2.15 


1.55 


2.25 


4.65 


2.65 


2.2 


3.25 


4.95 


4.05 


4.3 


3.0 


2.15 


1 55 


2 25 


4.25 


2.65 


2.2 


3.2 


4.7 


4.0 


4.75 


2.85 


2.15 


1.55 


2.25 


3.95 


2.65 


2.25 


3.2 


4.7 


3.75 


5.55 


2.85 


2.7 


1.55 


2.25 


3.75 


3.5 


2.25 


3.2 


4.7 


3.8" 


5.6 


2.85 


2.7 


1.55 


2.5 


3.75 


3.5 


3.4 


3.35 


4.7 


4.25 


5.45 


2.5 


2.55 


1.55 


2.45 


3.6 


3.1 


5.25 


3.25 


4.5 


5.1 


5.45 


2.7 


2.4 


1.55 


2.3 


2.7 


2.9 


4.25 


3.25 


4.5 


5.9 


5.45 


2.7 


2.3 


1.55 


2.3 


2.7 


3.0 


4.25 


3.25 


4.4 


6.05 


5.3 


2.65 


2.2 


1.55 


2.25 


2.5 


2.95 


3.9 


3.25 


4.4 


4.7 


5.45 


2.55 


2.2 


1.55 


2.25 


2.45 


2.95 


3.75 


2.G5 


4.4 


4.4 


5.45 


2.5 


1.8 


1.55 


2.25 


2.45 


2.95 


3.25 


2.95 


4.25 


4.4 


6.25 


2.5 


2.2 


1.55 


1.8 


2.45 


2.65 


3.25 


3.1 


4.25 


4.55 


6.4 


2.2 


2.2 


1.55 


2.1 


2.9 


2.65 


3.25 


2.95 


4.25 


6.65 


6.0 


2.1 


1.95 


1.55 


2.0 


3.7 


2.5 


3.25 


2.95 


4.25 


9.65 


5.7 


2.1 


1.95 


1.2 


1.95 


3.7 


2.65 


3.25 


2.95 


4.0 


9.2 


5.6 


2.05 


1.95 


1.7 


1.95 


3.7 


2.65 


3.15 


3.2 


4.0 


7.5 


5.1 


2.05 


1.95 


2.05 


1.95 


2.95 


2.7 


3.75 


3.3 


4.1 


6.45 


4.8 


2.95 


1.9 


2.25 


2.0 


2.95 


2.7 


3.75 


3.3 


4.1 


6.35 


4.8 


3.35 


1.^5 


2.15 


1.8 


3.05 


2.7 


3.2 


3.5 


4.1 


7.15 


4.35 


3.7 


2.3 


2.2 


1.95 


3.1 


2.7 


3.0 


3.5 


3.8 


7 


3.85 


2.8 


2.3 


2.2 


2.0 


3.1 


2.6 


3.0 


5.3 


4.05 


6.5 


3.25 


2.8 


2.3 


1.8 


2.0 


3.2 


2.8 


2.95 


5.5 


4 05 


6.4 


3.0 


2.5 


2.3 


2.1 


2.0 


3.2 


2.65 


2 


5.65 


4.05 


6.0 


2 95 


2.3 


2.3 


2.1 


2.0 


2.9 


2.65 


2.95 


5.8 


4.05 


5.6 


2.95 


2.3 


2.0 


2.15 


2.0 


3.05 


2.65 


2.95 


5.75 


4.15 


5.6 


2.95 


2.3 


1.95 


2.15 


1.7 


3.1 


4.1 


3.2 


5.7 


4.75 


5.6 


2.95 


2.0 


1.95 


2.15 


2.3 


3.1 


3.9 


3.25 


5.6 


4.8 


5.6 


2.95 


2.2 


1.95 


2.15 


4.7 


3.15 


3.7 


3 25 




4.8 


5.45 


2.95 


2.15 


1.95 


1.8 


12.75 


3.05 


3.7 


3.25 




4.85 


4.95 


2.7 


2.15 


1.95 


2.15 


6.1 


2 85 


3.55 


2.75 




4.6 




2.7 




1.95 


2.15 




2.65 





Dec. 



3.55 
3.45 
3.35 
3.2 
3.2 

3.2 
3.3 
3.3 
3.3 

3.8 

4.0 

3.35 

3.0 

2.9 

3.05 

3.05 
2.9 
2.9 
2.9 

2.85 

2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.55 

2.5 

2.65 

2.65 

2.65 

3.0 

3.0 



a No ice conditions were reported for 1909, yet it is believed that ice was present during the winter 
months. 

Rating table for Piscataquis River near Foxcroft, 1902-1909.^ 



Gage 


Dis- 


Gage 


Dis- 


Gage 


Dis- 


Gage 


Dis- 


he.ght. 


charge. 


he.ght. 


charge. 


: height. 
1 Feet. 


charge. 


hexght. 


charge. 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 


Sec.-ft. 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 


1.00 


5 


2.30 


123 


'■ 3.00 


868 


5.80 


3,610 


1.10 


7 


2.40 


U8 


i 3.70 


938 


G. 00 


3,970 


1 20 


9 


2.50 


180 


3.80 


1,023 


0.20 


4,335 


1.30 


12 


2. GO 


220 


3.90 


1,113 


6.40 


4,705 


1.40 


15 


2.70 


267 


4.00 


1,208 


6.60 


5,080 


1.50 


19 


2.80 


318 


4.20 


1,*03 


G.80 


5. 460 


1.60 


24 


2.90 


374 


4.40 


1,015 


7.00 


6,840 


1.70 


31 


3.00 


437 


4.60 


1,840 


8.00 


7,810 


1.80 


40 


.3.10 


502 


4.80 


2,085 


9.00 


9,860 


1.90 


51 


3.20 


569 


5.00 


2,350 


10.00 


11,960 


2.00 


64 


3.30 


G38 


5.20 


2,635 


11.00 


14, 160 


2.10 


81 


3.40 


709 


5.40 


2,940 


12.00 


16,360 


2.20 


100 


3.50 


782 


i 5.60 


3,2G5 


13.00 


18,660 



a The above table supersedes all ratings previously published for this station. It is not applicable for 
ice or obstructed-channel conditions. It is based on discharge measurements made during 1902 to 1909 
and is well defined between gage heights 1.5 feet and 7 feet. 



86 WATER RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Piscataquis River near Foxcroft, 1902-1909. 



Day. 



Aug. 



Sept. 



148 
148 
148 
148 
180 

148 
148 
220 
220 

638 

858 
569 
148 
267 
437 



Oct. 



220 
220 
220 

148 
148 

123 
374 
569 
502 

437 

318 
180 

267 
148 
81 



Nov. 



1,110 

858 
782 
782 



709 
502 
569 
437 
502 

374 

569 

1,020 

. 782 



Dec. 



437 
437 
374 
318 
267 



Day. 



1902. 



17 


148 


18 


318 


19 


220 


20 


180 


21 


318 


22 


220 


23 


148 


24 


148 


25 


220 


26 


267 


27....... 


318 


28 


267 


29 


180 


30 


148 


31 


90 



Aug. 



Sept. 



569 
569 
318 
318 
318 

267 
220 
220 
267 
220 

220 
220 
100 

148 
220 



Oct. 



100 
220 
100 
64 
374 



502 
437 
437 
374 



267 
318 
1,210 
4,340 
2,490 
1,400 



Nov. 



437 



569 
569 
437 
437 
437 

318 
437 
437 
437 



Dec. 



Day. 



Jan. 



Feb. 



Mar. 



Apr. 



May. 



Juno. 



July. 



Aug. 



Sept. 



Oct. 



Nov. 



Dec. 



1903. 



437 

437 
437 
502 
437 

569 
569 
437 
374 
180 



569 



709 
709 



1,020 
709 
437 
374 
318 

318 
100 
318 
318 
318 

318 
220 
180 
220 
318 



1,110 
1,210 
1,400 
1,400 
1,720 

1,210 
1,110 
1,020 
1,720 
2,940 

8,610 
13,800 
11,100 
9,860 
7,410 

5,840 
3,610 
4,150 
3,100 
5,080 

5,460 
5,080 
5,460 
6,230 
5,840 

4,340 
3,610 
2,790 
2,350 
1,840 
1,620 



437 

437 
437 
502 



1,020 
1,620 
2,220 

2,640 
2,350 
1,840 
1,840 
1,720 



2,350 
2,080 
2,080 
2,350 
2,940 

2,350 
1,510 
1,840 
3,610 
3,440 

3,260 
2,080 
1,840 
1,620 
1,400 

1,620 
2,080 
1,840 
1,620 
1,620 

1,620 
1,300 
1,210 
1,020 
1,020 

709 
638 
709 
638 
638 



1,960 

1,840 
1,720 
1,510 
1,400 

2,350 
2,350 
3,100 
3,610 
5,840 

12, 400 
9,020 
4,340 
1,840 
1,400 



502 
437 
374 
374 

318 
374 
318 
267 
318 

267 
220 
220 
220 
220 

220 
220 
220 
220 
220 

318 
569 
569 
437 
148 

148 
148 
123 
123 
64 
123 



5,840 
3,260 
2,640 
3,100 
2,220 

2,080 
1,840 
1,020 
1,210 
4,700 

5,650 
8,210 
4,340 
2,940 
1,620 



148 
123 
100 
100 
100 

64 
64 
64 
180 
100 

100 

100 

1,960 

5,840 

2,080 

1,400 
1,400 
1,210 
1,210 
938 

1,020 
437 
318 
318 

, 267 

267 
220 
180 

148 
148 



148 
123 
123 
123 

267 

709 
,400 
858 
638 



220 
64 
64 
123 
123 



48 



48 



180 

148 

220 

1,020 



569 
709 



569 
437 
437 
374 

374 
374 
437 



267 
220 
220 

148 

148 
100 
100 
81 
148 

220 
318 
318 
374 
220 

180 
123 
123 
100 
123 

318 
437 
318 
220 
148 

100 
100 
100 
123 
51 
100 



123 
148 
100 
81 
81 

81 
81 
81 
100 
100 

148 
148 
148 
148 
267 



81 
64 
64 
40 
148 

64 
51 
31 
64 
51 

31 
31 
19 
24 
31 

64 
51 
31 
51 

24 

40 
40 
40 
31 

24 

19 
19 
19 
19 
19 



64 
64 
64 
180 
220 

220 
220 
220 
220 
100 

858 
638 
100 
123 
318 



19 
19 
19 
19 

40 

40 
40 
40 
40 
40 

40 
40 
40 
31 
24 

19 

19 

24 

180 

148 

123 
123 

64 
81 
19 

31 
40 
40 
40 
40 
40 



1,210 

1,210 

858 

782 

569 

569 
437 
437 
148 
100 

220 
220 
220 
220 
267 



40 
40 
40 

40 
40 
31 
64 
64 

51 
81 
123 
148 
100 

148 
81 

100 
64 
40 

64 

24 
40 
81 
64 

51 
40 
40 
40 
40 



569 
569 
437 
437 
437 

318 
437 
437 
437 
437 

437 
437 
220 
437 
502 



40 
40 
24 
24 
40 

24 
40 
40 
40 
40 

31 
31 
40 
64 
100 

148 
64 
64 
64 

100 

1,020 
1,620 
1,300 
1,020 
709 



374 

569 
569 
502 
437 



148 
318 
318 
220 
318 

267 
220 
220 
220 
220 

267 
220 
267 
180 
148 



STREAM FLOW. 87 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Piscataguis River near Foxcroft, 1902-1909 — Contd. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dee. 


1904. 
16 


782 
782 
938 
1,110 
709 

569 
569 
638 
569 
938 

569 
709 
569 
374 
437 
437 

64 
782 
782 
569 
569 

502 
437 
437 
709 
1,210 

1,210 
1,210 
1,210 
1,210 

858 

1,210 
858 
938 

1,020 
938 

709 
709 

858 
858 
858 

709 
858 
709 
318 
569 
569 


318 
318 
318 
267 
148 

64 
148 
318 
437 
569 

437 
437 
437 
374 

502 
502 
569 
938 
318 

569 
938 
938 
569 
569 

569 
569 
569 
569 
638 

709 
638 
569 
318 
437 

437 
502 
569 
638 
709 

1,400 
1,400 
1,210 


1,620 
1,400 
1,400 
1,110 
1,020 

1,020 
1,020 
858 
1,510 
1,620 

1,840 
2,4Q0 
2,6^0 
2,350 
2,080 
1,840 

1,020 
1,020 
1,020 
1,020 
858 

782 
437 
220 
220 
180 

148 
148 
180 
180 
220 

220 
220 
220 
148 
318 

437 
437 
502 
569 
569 

569 
2,080 
2,940 
4,890 
5,080 
7,810 


1,210 
1,020 
858 
1,020 
1,210 

1,300 
1,210 
1,210 
2,080 
2,640 

2,940 
2,940 
2,940 
3,970 
5,270 

8,410 
4,890 
4,890 
2,080 
1,510 

2,640 
8,210 
3,440 
1,960 
1,960 

1,960 
2,220 
2,350 
2,080 
2,6i0 

2,350 
1,840 
1,510 
1,620 

858 

1,110 
1,840 
1,960 
1,510 
1,400 

1,510 
1,620 
1,620 
1,020 

782 


3,610 
5,080 
3,260 
2,080 
2,350 

1,620 
1,400 
1,510 
1,210 
938 

437 
858 
782 
638 
709 
709 

782 
1,020 
1,210 
1,720 
1,620 

1,620 
1,400 
1,210 
1,110 
1,110 

502 
502 
638 
938 
1,300 

638 
638 
638 
638 
1,020 

1,020 
709 
569 
569 
569 

502 
638 
638 
374 
374 
374 

3,610 
4,340 
4,150 
4,160 
4,340 

4,340 
3,790 
3,100 
2,640 
8,010 

4,890 
2,490 
1,840 
2,490 
2,080 

1,960 
1,840 
1,720 

782 
782 


180 
267 
267 
267 
267 

267 
220 
220 
220 
220 

180 
502 
437 
267 
220 

374 
318 
• 318 
318 
220 

437 
437 
318 
318 
267 

148 
220 
502 
502 
437 

437 
318 
374 
638 

782 

709 
569 
502 
374 
437 

318 
374 
374 
318 
180 

638 
437 
709 
709 
709 

782 
2,080 
1,400 
1,020 

782 

437 
437 
437 
318 
318 

220 
220 
220 
220 
123 


437 
318 
318 

267 
267 

267 
220 
180 
148 
123 

123 
123 
148 
123 
123 
123 

148 
318 
938 
638 
437 

318 
318 
318 
220 
220 

220 
220 
180 
180 
64 

64 
100 
64 
64 
81 

81 
64 
64 
100 
100 

100 
100 
100 
100 
100 
180 

64 
148 
148 
148 
123 

100 

100 

40 

81 

81 

100 
709 
318 
318 
180 

220 
220 
220 
220 
180 


220 
220 
220 
220 
220 

374 
437 
374 
267 
220 

220 
123 
100 
148 
100 


782 
437 
318 
437 
437 

318 
318 
318 
267 
220 

220 
267 
267 
318 
1,210 


220 
220 
220 
220 
220 

437 

1,720 

1,110 

782 

569 

709 
1,210 
1,020 
782 
709 
569 

64 
100 
123 
123 
123 

100 
64 
40 
123 
123 

123 
123 
123 
123 
31 

100 
100 
100 
64 
51 

51 
24 
51 
51 
51 

51 
51 
51 
19 
19 
19 

123 
318 
318 
51 
51 

40 

24 

100 

100 

1,020 

1,400 
782 
638 
318 
318 

267 
148 
148 
148 
64 


858 
569 
437 
318 
220 

318 
374 
437 
318 
374 

318 
180 
220 
220 
148 

64 
64 
64 
64 
31 

64 
64 
64 
123 
100 

64 
31 
64 
100 
64 

51 
100 
148 
220 
100 

100 
100 
81 
64 
51 

40 
123 
100 
100 

64 

782 
858 
858 
858 
858 

709 
709 
569 
569 
437 

437 
502 
502 
502 
502 

437 
638 
709 
709 


148 


17 


148 


18 


81 


19 


318 


20 


437 


21 


318 


22 


318 


23 


318 


24 


318 


25 


220 


26 


318 


27 


318 


28 


569 


29 


437 


30 


318 


31 


318 


1905. 
1 


148 
148 
148 
148 
148 

5 

64 
81 
81 
100 

100 
100 
19 
123 
123 

123 
100 
100 
100 
100 

100 
100 
100 
100 
100 

100 
40 
64 
64 
81 
81 

220 
220 
180 
148 
123 

123 
100 

81 
64 
100 

100 
100 
123 
123 
100 

100 
100 
100 

267 
148 


81 
123 

40 
100 
123 

220 
220 
267 
100 
64 

123 

148 
148 
148 
148 

123 
64 
64 
31 
31 

40 
100 
100 
51 
64 

64 
100 
100 
51 
51 

220 

220 
267 
267 
267 

267 
220 
180 
148 
180 

180 
180 
148 
220 
180 

64 
64 
148 
148 
569 


81 


2 


100 


3 


100 


4 


148 


5 


148 


6 


148 


7 


148 


8 


148 


9 


100 


10 


64 


11 


100 


12 


180 


13 . 


220 


14 


220 


15 


220 


16 


220 


17 


100 


18 


81 


19 


100 


20 


64 


21 


64 


22 


64 


23 


64 


24 


64 


25 


64 


26 


64 


27 


64 


28 


64 


29 


51 


30 


51 


31 


51 


1906. 
1.- 


569 


2 










1,020 


3 










1,020 


4 










1,020 


5 










938 


6. 










938 


7 








1,210 
1,020 
1,020 

858 

709 
638 
569 
569 
1,020 

7,810 
12,000 
7,010 
4,700 
4,520 


782 


8 








709 


9 








709 


10 








569 


11 








569 


12 








569 


13 








569 


14 








709 


15 








1,020 


16 








858 


17 








569 


18 








709 


19 








709 


20 








709 1 709 



88 

Daily dii 



WATEK EESOUECES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

in second-feet, of Piscataquis River near Foxcroft, 1902-1909 — Contd. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1906. 
21 








4,520 
4,890 
4,890 
3,970 
1,400 

1,840 
2,080 
3,260 
3, 260 
2,940 


858 
858 
858 
437 
437 

569 

569 

1.020 

i;020 

1,020 

782 

10,700 
9,020 
5,840 
4,890 
3,100 

3,790 
2,220 
3,440 
3,610 
3,440 

3,440 
1,840 
1,840 
1,720 
1,720 

1,720 
2,220 
2,350 
2,640 
2,350 

1,620' 
782 
709 
709 
709 

569 
709 
782 
1,620 
1,210 
858 

9,040 
8,020 
5,360 
5,270 
3,440 

3,180 
2,860 
1,780 
2,710 
3,180 

2,710 
1,620 
1,720 
1,720 
1,720 

1,620 
1,510 
1,300 
1,160 
1,110 

1,020 
858 
782 
674 
638 


04 
123 
123 
220 
374 

220 
220 
100 
100 
81 

858 
509 
569 
437 
437 

437 
318 
502 
569 
569 

569 
569 
569 
437 
220 

220 
220 
220 
220 
220 

220 
180 
267 
220 
318 

502 
1,400 
3,970 
1,620 
1,110 

2,490 
1,720 
1,350 
1,020 
709 

709 
569 
569 
470 
318 

148 
148 
123 
123 
123 

123 
123 
123 
123 
123 

100 
123 
111 
111 
111 


148 
569 
374 
374 
374 

220 
220 
220 
148 
220 
220 

3,260 
,3,260 
3,100 
2,350 
1,620 

709 
709 
782 
709 
502 

569 
569 
638 
638 
502 

374 
318 
318 
318 
318 

318 
180 
437 
502 
502 

1,020 
1,210 

782 
638 
509 
569 

81 
58 
58 
58 
40 

40 
36 
31 
31 
31 

31 

28 
100 
100 
100 

100 
100 
100 
100 
100 

100 
90 
100 

111 

81 


148 
148 
180 
267 
220 

180 
437 
569 
374 
318 
267 

569 
569 
437 
437 
569 

858 
1,400 
1,400 
1,110 

782 

569 
502 
437 
374 
180 

148 
220 
569 
502 
437 

180 
148 
148 
123 
123 

148 
220 
267 
180 
123 
123 

72 
81 
123 
100 
163 

405 
405 
405 
405 
>374 

345 
267 
267 
163 
163 

163 
180 
180 
180 
148 

123 
64 
64 
64 
64 


437 
220 
148 
100 
318 

267 
318 
148 
100 
31 

123 
123 
267 
437 
1,510 

1,720 

1,110 

709 

709 

638 

709 
709 
569 
569 
569 

569 
569 
569 
569 
569 

437 
374 
374 
374 
502 

502 
437 
437 

318 
858 

111 
111 
90 
81 
81 

81 
81 
111 
123 
123 

148 
148 
148 
148 
123 

90 
90 
64 
64 
64 

100 
100 
100 
100 
100 


318 
374 
437 
437 
638 

1,400 

1,020 

938 

1,020 

709 

709 

1,210 

938 

782 

1,210 

1,210 

858 

782 

1,020 

2,640 

1,620 

1,620 
1,210 
1,110 
1,020 
858 

1,020 

1,210 

1,020 

709 

709 

709 
709 
709 
638 
638 

569 

374 

437 

2,940 

4.340 

2; 080 

100 
180 
100 
51 
100 

100 
100 
100 
100 
100 

51 
135 
81 
58 
58 

58 
58 
31 

58 
58 

58 
58 
58 
58 
24 


709 
638 
569 
502 
502 

638 
638 
638 
569 
569 

1,400 
1,210 
2,080 
2,940 
2,350 

1,720 
10,500 
9,860 
5,650 
2,940 

1,960 
1,620 
1,300 
1,020 
858 

709 
569 
709 
709 
709 

569 
502 
502 
437 
569 

709 
709 
638 
502 
502 

51 
58 
58 
72 
58 

40 
40 
24 
40 
40 

40 
40 
40 
40 

24 

24 
24 
24 
19 
15 

9 
5 
17 
24 
46 


827 


22 








588 


23 








983 


24 








938 


25 








858 


26 








858 


27 








709 


28 








709 


29..- 








709 


30 








709 


31 








709 


1907. 
1 










437 


2 










502 


3 










502 


4 










502 


5 










502 


6 










502 


7 










502 


8 








1,110 
1,110 
1,110 

1,020 

858 

782 

709 

1,110 

1,400 
1,510 
1,840 
2,080 
1,110 

938 
1,400 
1,960 
6,420 
8,610 

6,230 
6,230 
6,230 
5,840 
7,010 


267 


9 








374 


10 








3,100 


11 








10, 100 


12 








3,260 


13 








1,020 


14 








1,400 


15 








1,020 


16 








938 


17 








858 


18 








709 


19 








709 


20 








709 


21 








709 


22 








709 


23 








858 


24 








852 


25 








888 


26 








858 


27 








858 


28 








858 


29 .... 








858 


30 








502 


31 








502 


1908. 
1 


1,020 
1,020 
1,020 
1,020 
898 

898 
1,260 
1,300 
1,720 
1,210 

782 
782 
709 
709 
638 

569 
569 
569 
600 
638 

569 
569 
569 
569 
569 


1,840 
2,220 
1,960 
1,460 
1,460 

1,460 

1,210 

858 

838 

820 


820 
820 
820 
820 
820 

820 
674 
674 
674 
674 

674 
674 
674 
638 
709 

709 
1,620 
1,560 
1,070 

858 

709 
709 
674 
782 
1.110 


898 

980 

1,260 

1,560 

1,020 

604 
782 
898 
980 
1,110 

980 

1,300 

1,100 

980 

938 

1,300 
1,400 
1,020 
820 
1,210 

1,210 
1, 160 
1,510 
2,280 
2.860 


100 


2 


163 


3 


220 


4 


180 


5 


148 


6 


111 


7 


111 


8 


111 


9 


180 


10 


180 


11 


180 


12 


180 


13 


40 


14 


148 


15 


148 


16 


148 


17 


148 


18 


180 


19 


180 


20 


31 


21 


163 


22 


148 


23 


148 


24 


163 


25 


148 



STREAM FLOW. 89 

Daily discharge^ in second-feet, of Piscataquis River near Foxcroft, 1902-1909 — Contd. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1908. 
26 


437 
820 
820 
898 
858 
858 

100 
100 
100 
111 
111 

709 
2,710 
1,460 


820 
709 
709 
709 


1,460 

1,300 

1,070 

938 

858 
858 


4,610 
7,610 
8,020 
9,040 
6,230 


1,400 
1,2C0 
1,210 
980 
1,020 

1,460 
2,490 
3,790 
4,060 
1,960 

1,620 
1,020 
1,780 
5,180 
11,200 

10,300 
6,820 
4,800 
4,610 
6,130 

5,840 
4,890 
4,700 
3,970 
3,260 

3,260 
3,260 
3, 260 
3,020 
2,280 


638 
820 
938 
820 
2,869 
2,490 

1,670 
1,510 
2,020 
3,180 
3,260 

3,020 
3,020 
3,020 
2,780 
3,020 

3,020 
4,430 
4,700 
3,970 
3,440 

3,260 
2,490 
2,080 
2,080 
1,560 

1,070 
604 
437 
405 
405 

405 
405 
405 
405 
267 
267 


81 
81 
81 
111 
111 

536 
437 
345 
345 
345 

180 
267 
267 
243 
199 

180 
180 
100 

81 
81 

72 

72 

405 

674 

938 

318 
318 
180 
123 
123 

123 
64 

100 
90 
90 


51 
51 
51 
51 
51 
51 

90 
90 
90 

267 
267 

199 
148 
123 
100 
100 

40 
100 
100 

58 
58 

58 
58 
51 
58 
123 

123 
123 
123 
123 

64 

58 
58 
58 
58 
58 
58 


58 
58 
51 
51 
51 
51 

22 
22 
22 
22 
22 

22 
22 
22 
22 
22 

22 
22 
22 
22 
9 

31 
72 

111 
90 

100 

100 
40 
81 
81 
90 

90 
90 
90 
40 
90 
90 


100 
15 

40 

58 
58 



Ill 
111 
111 
111 
180 

163 
123 
123 
111 
111 

111 
40 
81 
64 

58 

58 
58 
64 
40 

58 

64 
64 
64 
64 
51 

31 

123 

1,960 

18,100 

4,150 


58 
163 
292 
180 
135 
111 

1,900 

1,460 

1,160 

980 

980 

858 
267 
267 
180 
163 

163 
374 
938 
938 
938 

938 
405 
405 
470 
502 

502 
569 
569 
374 

470 

502 
502 
536 
470 
345 
243 


100 
220 
437 
199 
199 

243 
243 
243 

782 
782 

502 
374 
437 
405 
405 

405 
243 
243 
180 
243 

243 
267 
267 
267 

267 

220 
318 
243 
243 
243 

1,300 

1,110 

938 

938 

820 


148 


27 


163 


28 


163 


29 


163 


30 


163 


31 


135 


1909. 
1 


820 


2 






746 


3 






674 


4 . . 






569 


5 






569 


6 






569 


7 






638 


8 






638 


9 






638 


10 . . 








1,020 


11 






* 


1,210 


12 








674 


13 








437 


14 








374 


15 








470 


16 








470 


17 








374 


18 










19 










20 










21 










22.. 










23 










24 










25 










26 










27 










28 










29 










30 










31 

























Monthly discharge of Piscataquis River near Foxcroft, 1902-1909. 
[Drainage area, 286 square miles.] 





Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-off 
(depth in 
inches on 
drainage 
area). 




Month. 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


Per 
square 
mile. 


Accu- 
racy. 


1902. 
Aug. 17-31 . 


318 

858 

4,340 

1,110 

437 

13,800 

3,610 

569 

5,840 

1,020 

858 

148 

180 

148 

1,620 


40 
100 

64 
318 

207 

1,020 
638 
64 
64 
100 
51 
19 
19 
24 
24 


209 
287 
558 
600 
367 

4,260 
1,770 

286 

687 

228 

207 
42.8 
49.1 
62 

317 


0.730 

1.00 

1.95 

2.10 

1.28 

14.9 
6.19 
1.00 
2.40 
.797 
.724 
.150 
.172 
.217 
1.11 


0.41 
1.12 
2.25 
2.34 
.24 

17.2 

6.91 

1.15 

2.68 

.92 

.83 

.17 

.20 

.24 

1.28 


A. 


September 


A, 


October 

November 

Dec. 1-5 


A. 
A. 
A. 


1903. 
March... 


C. 


April 


B. 


May.... 


A. 


June 


A. 


July.... 


A. 


August 


A. 


September . 


B. 


October 


B. 


November 


B. 


December. 


B 







90 WATER RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Monthly discharge of Piscataquis River near Foxcroft, 1902-1909 — Continued. 





Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-Off 
(depth in 
inches on 
drainage 
area). 




Month. 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


Per 
square 
mile. 


Accu- 
racy. 


1904. 
January 


1,110 

1,020 

2,640 

12,400 

8,210 

1,400 

938 

437 

1,210 

1,720 

858 

569 


180 

64 

437 

858 

437 

64 

123 

81 

64 

100 

148 

81 


587 

347 

1,460 

2,880 

2,510 

318 

388 

174 

325 

587 

396 

273 


2.05 
1.21 
5.10 
10.1 
8.78 
1.11 
1.36 

.608 
1.13 
2.05 
1.38 

.955 


2.36 

1.30 

5.88 

11.27 

10.12 

1.24 

1.57 

.70 

1.26 

2.36 

1.54 

1.10 


B. 


February 


c 


March 


c 


April 


B. 


May.... 


A 


June 


A. 


July.... 


A. 


August 


A. 


September 


A. 


October 


A. 


November 


A. 


December. . 


B. 






The year 


12,400 


64 


854 


2.99 


40.70 








1905. 
January 


1,210 

1,400 

7,810 

8,410 

1,720 

782 

938 

148 

267 

123 

220 

220 


64 

318 

148 

782 

374 

148 

64 

5 

31 

19 

31 

51 


788 

674 
1,120 
2,460 

858 

394 

200 
96.4 

103 
76.1 
82.2 

108 


2.76 

2.36 

3.92 

8.60 

3.00 

1.38 

.599 

.337 

.360 

.266 

.287 

.378 


3.18 

2.46 

4.52 

9.60 

3.46 

1.54 

.81 

.39 

.40 

.31 

.32 

.44 


B. 


February 


C. 


March 


C. 


April 


B. 


May.... 


A. 


June 


A. 


July.. . 


A. 


August 


B. 


September . . . 


B. 


October 


B. 




B. 


December. 


B. 






The year 


8,410 


5 


579 


2.02 


27.38 








1906. 
Apr. 7-30O 


12,000 

8,010 

2,080 

709 

569 

569 

1,400 

858 

1,020 


569 

437 

64 

40 

64 

31 

24 

437 

569 


3,200 
2,320 
461 
220 
185 
207 
464 
627 
776 


11.2 
8.11 
1.61 
.769 
.647 
.724 
1.62 
2.19 
2.71 


10.00 

9.35 

1.80 

.87 

.75 

.81 

1.87 

2.44 

3.12 


B. 


May . . 


A. 


June 


A. 


July.... 


A. 


August 


A. 


September 


A. 


October 


A. 




A. 


December 


A. 






1907.6 
January 


1,300 




499 

250 

300 

2,400 

2,650 

618 

913 

447 

598 

1,190 

1,880 

1,190 


1.75 

.874 
1.05 
8.39 
9.27 
2.16 
3.19 
1.56 
2.09 
4.16 
6.57 
4.16 


2.02 
.91 
1.21 
9.36 
10.69 
2.41 
3.68 
1.80 
2.33 
4.80 
7.33 
4.80 


D. 






D. 


March 






D. 


April.. 


8,610 

10, 700 

3,970 

3,260 

1,400 

1,720 

4,340 

10,500 

10, 100 




A. 


May 


569 
180 
180 
123 
123 
374 
437 
267 


A. 




A. 


July 


A. 




A. 


September 


A. 


October 


A. 


November 


A. 


December 


A. 








10, 700 




1,080 


3.77 


51.34 










1908. 


1,720 

2,220 

1,620 

9,040 

9,040 

2,490 

100 

405 

148 

292 

437 

220 


437 


822 
796 
880 
2,190 
2,370 
408 

68.1 
171 

95 

92.6 

67.6 
148 


2.87 

2.78 

3.08 

7.66 

8.29 

1.43 

.238 

.598 

.332 

.324 

.236 

.518 


3.31 

3.00 

3.55 

8.55 

9.56 

1.60 

.27 

.69 

.37 

.37 

.26 

.60 


D, 


February 


D. 


March 


638 

604 

638 

81 

28 

51 

16 

24 

5 

31 


D. 


April... 


A. 


May 


A. 


June . . 


A. 


July 


B. 




A. 


September 


B. 


October 


B. 


November 


B. 


December 


C. 






The year 


9,040 


5 


676 


2.36 


32.13 









a An estimate of 550 second-feet per day for Apr. 1 to 6 gives a monthi jr mean of 2,670 second-feet for April. 
b Estimates of discharge during the frozen periods 1907-8, based on chmatological reports and the discharge 
of adjacent drainages. 



STEEAM FLOW. 91 

Monthly discharge of Piscataquis River near Foxcroft, i90^-^909^Continued. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. 



Minimum. 



Mean. 



Per 
square 
mile. 



Run-off 
(depth in 
inches on 
drainage 



Accu- 
racy. 



January — 
February . . 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September. 
October. . . . 
November. 



1909.a 



The year. 



2,710 



11,200 

4,700 

938 

267 

111 

18, 100 

1,900 

1,300 

1,210 



267 
64 
40 
9 
31 
163 
180 



150 

500 
3,710 
2,020 

249 
99.4 
51.7 

885 

600 

447 

449 



1.03 

.524 

1.75 

13.00 

7.06 

.871 

.348 

.181 

3.09 

2.10 

1.56 

1.57 



1.19 

.55 

2.02 

14.50 

8.14 

.97 

.40 

.21 

3.45 

2.42 

1.74 

1.81 



18, 100 



788 



2.76 



37.40 



a Discharge for periods of probable ice conditions has been estimated from study of climatologie data 
and comparisons with other stations. 

Second-feet. 

Mean discharge, Jan. 9 to 31, estimated 164 

Mean discharge, Dec. 18 to 31, estimated 217 



COLD STREAM AT ENFIELD. 

Cold Stream is the outlet from Cold Stream Pond — really a series 
of ponds comprising a total area of water surface of about 10 square 
miles, the largest, which is mostly in the town of Enfield, having 
about 8 square miles area. 

Cold Stream flows into Passadumkeag Stream, a tributary of the 
Penobscot, at a distance of some 4 J miles from Cold Stream Pond, 
and drains a total area comprising about 37 square miles. Its basin 
is for the most part wooded and only sparsely settled. During the 
first half mile the stream falls rapidly, but for the rest of its course it 
traverses a great swamp, through which it winds with sluggish cur- 
rent. Near the village of Enfield a fall of perhaps 10 to 12 feet has 
in the past been developed for power for a sawmill and shingle mill 
but is not now in use. This drainage basin has been considered as a 
source of water supply for the district which includes Bangor and 
some other adjacent towns. 

This station, which was established June 14, 1904, and discontinued 
December 31, 1906, was located at the highway bridge about three- 
fourths of a mile south of Enfield on the road to Passadumkeag. 
During the summer it was found that the gage was within the influ- 
ence of backwater from Passadumkeag Stream, and consequently, on 
September 12, 1904, the gage was removed to a point about 200 feet 
below the old mill, near Enfield post office. The drainage area at 
this point is about 26 square miles. 



92 WATER RESOUECES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Discharge measurements of Cold Stream at Enfield, 1904-1906. 



Date. 



1904. 

Sept. 9 

Oct. 12 

Oct. 21 

Nov. 4 

1905. 

Apr. 28 

Mays 

Mays 

May 2G 



Gage 
height. 



Feet. 
2.72 
'ilb 
2.92 
2.90 



2.68 
3.33 
2.63 
2.78 



Discharge. 



Sec.-ft. 
36 
37 
56 
54 



22.6 
168 
29.3 
52 



Date. 



1905— Continued. 

May 26 

Do 

June 24 

Oct. 23 

Nov. 28 

1906. 

Feb. 24 

Apr. 13 

Apr. 30 



Gage 
height. 



Feet. 
2.78 
2.78 
2.80 
2.68 
2.64 



2.66 
3.04 
3.10 



Discharge. 



Sec.-ft. 
55 
42 
52 

21.3 
15.9 



Daily gage height, in feet, of Cold Stream at Enfield, 1904-1906. 



Day. 



1904. 



Sept. 



2.4 

2.8 
2.8 
2.7 
2.7 
2.9 
2.9 



Oct. 



2.9 
2.9 
2.9 
2.9 
3.0 

2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.9 
2.8 

2.5 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.8 



Nov. 



2.9 

2.8 
2.8 
3.0 
2.8 

2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 

2.8 
2.8 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 



Dee. 



2.6 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.8 

2.8 
2.7 

2.7 
2.7 
2.8 

2.7 
2.8 
2.8 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 



Day. 



1904. 
17 


2.9 


18 


2.9 


19 


2.8 


20 


2.8 


21 


2.8 


22 


2.8 


23 


2.8 


24 


2.9 


25 . - 


2.9 


26 


2.8 


27 


2.8 


28 


2.8 


29 


2.8 


30 


3.0 


31 





Sept. 



Oct. 



3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 

2.8 

3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 

3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 



Nov. 



2.7 
2.9 

2.8 
2.7 
2.8 

2.8 
2.7 
2.6 
2.7 
2.8 

2.8 
2.8 
2.7 
2.6 



Dec. 



2.7 
2.7 
2.6 
2.7 
2.6 

2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 

2.7 
2.7 
2.6 

2.7 
2.6 



Day. 



1905 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 



Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. 



2.6 
2.6 

2.7 
2.7 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.8 
2.8 
2.7 

2.7 

2.7 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 

2.0 

2.8 
2.8 
2.7 
2.8 

2.9 

2.8 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 



2.7 
2.8 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 

2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 

2.7 

2.7 
2.7 
2.7 

2.8 

2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 

2.7 

2.7 

2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 



2.8 
2.7 
2.8 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.8 
2.8 
2.7 
2.7 

2.8 
2.8 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 

2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.7 
2.7 

2.7 
2.8 
2.8 
2.7 
2.7 



2.9 

2.8 
2.8 
2.9 
2.9 

3.0 
3.0 

2.8 
2.7 

2.7 

2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.6 
2.7 

2.7 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.7 

2.6 
2.6 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 



3.9 
3.6 
3.4 
3.4 
3.1 

2.9 

2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
3.0 

3.2 
3.2 
3.1 
3.1 
3.0 

3.0 
2.7 
2.7 
2.6 
2.7 

2.7 
2.7 
2.7 

2.8 

2.8 



2.8 
2.7 
2.7 

2.8 
2.8 

2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 

2.8 

2.7 
2.8 
2.7 

2.8 

2.8 
2.7 
2.7 
2.8 
2.8 

2.8 
2.9 
2.9 
2.9 

2.8 



2.7 

2.7 
2.8 
2.8 

2.8 

2.8 
2.7 
2.7 
2.8 
2.8 

2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.9 
2.9 

2.8 
2.7 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 

2.8 
2.9 
2.8 
2.8 
2.9 



2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.5 
2.5 

2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 

2.5 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 

2.4 

2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 

2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 



2.5 
2.5 
2.6 
2.6 
2.7 

2.6 
2.6 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 

2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.7 

2.7 
2.7 

2.7 
2.8 

2.8 



2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 

2.7 
2.7 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.7 

2.7 
2.7 
2.7 

2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.7 



2.6 
2.6 
2.7 
2.7 

2.7 

2.7 
2.7 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 

2.7 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.7 

2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.6 

2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 



2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.6 

a 2. 9 
2.8 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 



2.7 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 



a River was frozen Dec. 11-13; ice reached a thickness of 0.3 foot. 



STEEAM FLOW. 93 

Daily gage height^ in feet, of Cold Stream at Enfield, 1904-1906 — Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1905. 
26 


2.6 
2.6 
2.7 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.4 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.5 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 

2.6 
2.7 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 

2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 

2.7 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 


2.7 
2.6 
2.6 

2.7 

2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.5 

2.7 
2.7 

2.7 
2.7 
2.6 

2.7 
2.7 

2.7 
2.7 
2.7 

2.7 
2.7 

2.6 
2.7 
2.7 

2.7 
2.7 

2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 


2.8 
2.7 
2.6 
2.7 
2.8 
2.8 

2.6 
2.7 

2.7 
2.7 
2.6 

2.6 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.5 

2.5 
2.5 
2.7 
2.7 

2.7 

2.7 
2.5 
2.6 
2.7 
2.7 

2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.8 
2.7 
2.7 


2.6 
2.7 
2.8 
3.6 
3.7 

2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.7 

2.9 
2.9 
3.0 
2.9 
3.0 

2.9 
2.9 
3.3 
3.0 
3.0 

3.0 
3.3 
3.1 
2.9 
2.9 

2.9 
2.9 
3.3 
3.3 
3.3 

3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 


2.7 

2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 

3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.2 

3.2 
3.2 
3.2 
3.1 
3.1 

3.0 
3.0 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 

3.2 
3.3 
3.3 
3.4 
3.4 

3.4 
3.3 
3.3 
3.2 
3.2 

3.2 
3.2 
3.2 
3.2 
3.2 
3.1 


2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 

3.2 
3.2 
3.1 
3.1 
3.2 

3.2 
3.2 
3.2 
3.2 
3.4 

3.9 
3.8 
3.8 
3.8 
3.7 

3.6 
3.7 
3.7 
3.6 
3.6 

3.4 
3.1 
3.0 
3.0 
3.1 

3.1 
3.1 
3.2 
3.2 
3.1 


2.8 
2.8 
2.9 
2.8 
2.7 
2.6 

3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.1 
3.1 

3.1 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 

3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 

3.1 
3.1 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 

3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
2.9 
2.9 

2.9 
2.9 

2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 


2.5 
2.6 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 

2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.9 

2.9 
2.9 

2.8 
2.8 
2.8 

2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 

2.8 

2.7 
2.7 

2.7 
2.7 

2.8 

2.8 
2.8 
2.8 

2.8 
2.8 

2.8 
2.8 
2.7 
2.7 
2.8 
2.8 


2.7 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 

2.8 

2.7 
2.7 

2.7 
2.8 
2.8 

2.7 

2.7 
2.7 

2.7 
2.7 

2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 

2.7 

2.7 

2.8 
2.7 

2.7 
2.8 

2.7 

2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 

2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 


2.7 
2.6 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 

2.8 
2.8 
2.9 
2.8 

2.8 

2.7 
2.7 

2.7 
2.7 

2.8 

2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 

2.6 

2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.7 

2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.7 
2.7 

2.6 
2.7 
2.8 
2.7 
2.7 


2.6 
2.6 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 

2.6 
2.6 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 

2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 

2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.7 

2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.6 


2.6 


27 


2.6 


28 


2.6 


29 


2.6 


30 


2.6 


31 


2.6 


1906. 
1 


2.6 


2 


2.6 


3 


2.6 


4 


2.6 


5 


04.0 


6 


a 2. 9 


7 


2,7 


8 


2.7 


9 


2.6 


10 


2.6 


11 


2.7 


12 


2.7 


13 


2.6 


14:: 


2.7 


15 


2.7 


16 


2.7 


17 


2.7 


18 


2.7 


19 


2.6 


20 . .. 


2.6 




21 


2.6 


22 


2.8 


23 


2.8 


24 


2.8 


25 


2.7 


26 


2.7 


27 


2.6 


28 


2.6 


29 


2.7 


30 


2.7 


31 


2.8 




1 


1 





a Backwater from anchor ice on riffles below station. 

Note.— Ice does not usually form at this station. It sometimes forms to a thickness of 0.2 foot during 
the night but invariably goes out during the day. The folio-wing thicknesses of ice were obtained: 
Feb. 3, 2 inches; Feb. 15, 2 inches; Mar. 12, 2 inches; Mar. 13, 1 inch; Mar. 23, 2 inches. 

Rating table for Cold Stream at Enfield, 1904-1906. 



Gage 


Dis- 


Gage 


Dis- 


Gage 


Dis- 


Gage 


Dis- 


height. 


charge. 


height. 


charge. 


height. 


charge. 


height. 


charge. 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 


2.40 


2 


2.90 


52 


3.40 


158 


3.90 


316 


2.50 


6 


3.00 


69 


3.50 


186 


4.00 


353 


2.60 


12 


3.10 


88 


3.60 


216 






2.70 


24 


3.20 


109 


3.70 


248 






2.80 


37 


3.30 


132 


3.80 


281 







Note.— The above table is applicable only for open-channel conditions. It is based on 8 discharge 
measurements made during 1904-1906 and is fairly well defined between gage heights 2.6 feet and 3.2 feet. 
Below gage height 2.6 feet it is very uncertaia. 



94 WATEK KESOUECES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Cold Stream at Enfield, 1904-1906. 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1904. 
1 




52 
52 
52 
52 
69 

37 
37 
37 
52 
37 

6 

24 
24 
24 
•24 
37 


52 
37 
37 
69 
37 

37 
37 
37 
37 
37 

37 
37 
24 
24 
24 
24 


12 
24 
24 
24 
37 

37 
24 
24 
24 
37 

24 
37 
37 
24 
12 
12 


1904. 
17 


52 
52 
37 
37 
37 

37 
37 
52 
52 
37 

37 
37 
37 
69 


69 
69 
69 
69 
37 

69 
69 
69 
69 
69 

69 
69 
69 
69 
69 


24 
52 
37 
24 
37 

37 
24 
12 
24 
37 

37 
37 
24 
12 


o^ 


2 




18 


24 


3 

4 




19 


12 


20 


24 


5 




21 


12 


6 




22 


24 


7 




23 


24 


3 




24 


24 


9 




25 


12 


10 


2 

37 
37 
24 
24 
52 
52 


26 


12 


11 


27 


24 


12 


28 


24 


13 


29 


12 


14 


30 


24 


15 


31 


12 


16 













Day. 



1905. 



1906. 



Jan. 



Feb. 



Mar. I Apr. 



12 


24 


2 


24 


12 


12 


12 


12 


12 


12 


6 


12 


12 


12 


12 


6 


12 


24 


12 


24 


12 


24 


24 


24 


24 


12 


! 24 


24 


1 24 


24 



37 

24 
24 

24 
24 
24 
12 
24 

24 
24 
12 
12 
24 

12 
12 
24 
12 
12 

12 

24 

37 

216 

248 



52 
52 
132 

69 
69 



May. 



316 
216 
158 
158 

88 

52 
24 
12 
12 



109 
109 



69 



June. 



109 
109 



109 

109 
109 
109 
109 
158 

316 
281 
281 
281 
248 



ly. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


24 


24 


6 


24 


12 


24 


12 


6 


24 


12 


37 


12 


12 


24 


24 


37 


6 


12 


12 


24 


37 


6 


24 


12 


24 


37 


6 


12 


24 


24 


24 


6 


12 


24 


24 


24 


6 


37 


12 


12 


37 


6 


37 


12 


12 


37 


6 


37 


12 


12 


37 


6 


37 


12 


24 


37 


2 


37 


24 


24 


37 


2 


37 


24 


12 


52 


2 


37 


24 


12 


52 


2 


24 


24 


24 


37 


6 


24 


24 


24 


24 


6 


24 


12 


24 


37 


6 


24 


12 


24 


37 


6 


37 


12 


12 


37 


6 


37 


12 


12 


37 


6 


37 


24 


12 


52 


6 


24N 


12 


12 


37 


6 


24 


12 


12 


37 


6 


24 


12 


12 


52 


6 


24 


24 


12 


37 


6 


24 


24 


12 


37 


12 


37 


12 


12 


52 


6 


37 


24 


24 


37 


6 


37 


24 


24 


24 


6 


37 


24 


24 


12 


6 




24 




69 


37 


24 


37 


12 


69 


37 


24 


37 


12 


69 


37 


24 


52 


12 


88 


37 


37 


37 


12 


88 


52 


37 


37 


12 


88 


52 


24 


24 


24 


69 


52 


24 


24 


24 


69 


37 


24 


24 


24 


69 


37 


24 


24 


24 


69 


37 


24 


37 


24 


69 


37 


24 


24 


12 


69 


37 


24 


24 


12 


69 


37 


24 


24 


24 


69 


37 


24 


24 


24 


69 


37 


24 


24 


24 



Dec. 



24 
12 
12 
12 
12 

12 
24 
24 
24 
12 

a 10 

a 10 

12 

12 

12 

12 
12 
12 
12 
12 

24 
24 
12 
12 

12 

12 
12 
12 
12 
12 
12 



12 
12 
12 
12 
&12 

6 24 
24 
24 
12 
12 

24 
24 
12 
24 
24 



a River frozen . D ischarge estimated . 



b Discharge corrected for backwater effect. 



STREAM FLOW. 95 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Cold Stream at Enfield, 1904-1906 — Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1906. 
16 


12 
24 
24 
12 
12 

24 
24 
24 
12 
12 

24 
24 
12 
12 
12 
12 


24 
24 
24 
24 
24 

12 

24 
24 
24 
24 

24 
12 
12 


6 
6 

24 
24 
24 

24 
6 
12 
24 
24 

24 
12 
12 
37 
24 
24 


69 
132 
88 
52 
52 

52 
52 
132 
132 
132 

88 
88 
88 
88 
88 


109 
132 
132 
158 
158 

158 
132 
132 
109 
109 

109 
109 
109 
109 
109 
88 


216 
248 
248 
216 
216 

158 

88 
69 
69 
88 

88 
88 
109 
109 
88 


88 
88 
69 
69 
69 

69 
69 
69 
52 
52 

52 
52 
37 
37 
37 
37 


24 
24 
24 
24 
37 

37 
37 
37 
37 
37 

37 
37 
24 
24 
37 
37 


24 
37 
24 
24 
37 

24 
37 
37 
37 
37 

37 
37 

37 
37 
37 


12 
37 
37 
37 
24 

24 
12 
12 
24 
24 

12 
24 
37 
24 
24 
ol8 


24 
24 
24 
24 

24 

37 

37 
37 
37 
24 

24 
24 
24 
24 
12 


24 


17 


24 


18 


24 


19 


12 


20 


12 


21 


12 


22 


37 


23 


37 


24 


37 


25 - - 


24 


26 


24 


27 


12 


28 


12 


29 


24 


30 


24 


31 


37 







a No record; discharge interpolated. 

Monthly discharge of Cold Stream at Enfield, 1904-1906. 
[Drainage area, 26 square miles.] 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. 



Minimum. 



Mean. 



Per 
square 
mile. 



Run-off 
(depth in 
inches on 
drainage 
area). 



1904 

Sept. 10-30 

October 

November 

December 

1905, 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December a 

The year 

1906 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December & 

The year 



52 
37 
37 
248 
316 
52 
52 
24 
37 
24 
24 
24 



316 



24 

24 

37 

132 

158 

316 

88 

52 

37 

52 

37 

37 



316 



39.9 
53.2 
33.5 

22.6 



1.53 
2.05 
1.29 



22.8 
24.1 
26.3 
42.2 
66.5 
35.9 
36.1 

6.65 
27.3 
19.0 
17.6 
13.7 



.877 
.927 
1.01 
1.62 
2.56 
1.38 
1.39 
.256 
1.05 
.731 
.677 
.527 



28.2 



15.7 
19.5 
11.8 
72.4 

107 

153 
65.7 
35.9 
29.6 
26.9 
22.5 
20.6 



.604 
.750 
.454 
2.78 
4.12 
5.88 
2.53 
1.38 
1.14 
1.03 
.865 
.792 



48.4 



1.19 
2.36 
1.44 
1.00 



1.01 

.97 

1.16 

1.81 

2.95 

1.54 

1.60 

.30 

1.17 

.84 

.76 

.61 



14.72 



.70 

.78 

.52 

3.10 

4.75 

6.56 

2.92 

1.59 

1.27 

1.19 

.97 

.91 



25.26 



a River frozen Dec. 11 to 13, 1905; discharge estimated 10 second-feet. 
^ Backwater Dec. 5 and 6; discharge corrected. 

Note.— Values 1904 to 1906 approximated, owing to local changes in control which could not be covered 
by meter measurements. 



96 



WATER RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 



KENDXJSKEAG STREAM NEAR BANGOR. 

This station, which was estabhshed September 15, 1908, is located 
at the wooden highway bridge about 6 miles northwest of Bangor. It 
is just below Sixmile Falls, which affords the best unutilized power 
site on the lower stretch of the river. 

The discharge at the station does not represent the actual discharge 
from the natural drainage basin of Kenduskeag Stream. A number 
of years ago an artificial cut for log driving was made through a low 
divide between Souadabscook Stream and Black Stream, the latter 
tributary to the Kenduskeag about 7 miles above the gaging station. 
During high stages in the Souadabscook a part of its water passes 
through the artificial cut into Kenduskeag; at low stages in the 
Souadabscook all of the flow continues down its own channel. It is 
believed that all of the flow of, Black Stream is into the Kenduskeag 
and none into the Souadabscook. The drainage area of Kenduskeag 
Stream above the mouth of Black Stream is 136 square miles; at the 
gaging station, including all of Black Stream but none of Souadabs- 
cook, it is 191 square miles; at the mouth under the same conditions, 
it is 214 square miles. The drainage area of Black Stream itself 
is 40 square miles. The monthly discharge data show the condi- 
tions actually existing at the station. The estimates of discharge per 
square mile and the depth in inches on the drainage area are not abso- 
lutely accurate because of the conditions outlined above. The part 
of the area of the Souadabscook Basin that contributes to the flow of 
the Kenduskeag can not be determined. 

The datum of the gage has remained unchanged during the 
maintenance of the station. During the winter months the flow of 
the stream is somewhat affected by ice. Conditions for obtaining 
accurate discharge data are good and a good rating curve has been 
developed, although more measurements are needed at higher stages. 

Discharge measurements of Kenduskeag Stream near Bangor, 1908-9. 



Apr. 25.. 
Do.o 
July 9 o . 
July 9... 
Sept. 4.. 
Sept. 15. 
Dec. 11.. 
Dec. 24.. 



Date. 



1908. 



Gage 
height. 


Discharge. 


Feet. 


Second-feet. 


4.13 


656 


(») 


770 


{^) 


28.6 


1.71 


29.8 


1.52 


21.3 


1.31 


7.2 


2.98 


94.9 


d2.08 


40.1 



Apr. 21.. 
May 24., 
Sept. 20. 



Date. 



Gage 
height. 



Feet. 
6.42 
2.40 
1.45 



Discharge. 



Second-feet. 
1,420 
148 
13.5 



a Gaging made from upstream side of highway bridge at East Bangor. 

ft Distance to water surface from the top of floor beam, 100 feet; from left abutment, 15.19 feet, 
c Distance to water surface from the top of floor beam, 100 feet; from left abutment, 16.77 feet, 
d Gage height to top of ice, 2.14 feet; average thickness of ice, 0.58 foot. 



STKEAM FLOW. 
Daily gage height, in feet, of Kendusheag Stream near Bangor, 1908-9. 



97 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1908. 
1 




1.3 

1.5 

1.55 

1.55 

1.45 

1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.5 
1.5 

1.65 

1.5 

1.4 

1.4 

1.4 


2.5 

2.6 

2.65 

2.6 

2.5 

2.4 
2.3 
2.2 
2.0 
2.0 

2.0 
2.0 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 


2.2 
2.2 
2.1 
2.2 
2.2 

2.3 
2.4 
2.4 
a 2. 65 
2.9 

2.9 

2.9 

2.9 

2.95 

3.0 


1908. 
16 


1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 

1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 

1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 


1.5 

1.5 

1.6 

1.55 

1.5 

1.5 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 

1.6 

1.85 

2.15 

2.2 

2.2 

2.5 


2.4 
2.9 
2.9 
2.65 
2.35 

2.05 

1.95 

2.1 

2.2 

2.2 

2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.35 


3.05 


2 




17 


3.25 


3 




18 


3.2 


4 




19 . 


3 25 


5 




20 




6 




21 





7 




22 


2.1 


8 





23 


2.0 


9 




24 


2.0 


10 




25 


2.2 


11 




26 


2.25 


12 




27 


2.1 


13 




28. ... 


2.1 


14 




29 


2.1 


15 


1.3 


30 . 


2.1 




31 


2.2 











alee conditions prevailed from about Dec. 9 to 26. 



Day. 



Jan. 



2.2 
2.2 
2.2 

2.45 
6.65 
6.6 

6.05 
5.0 

4.8 

4.6 

4.45 

4.4 

4.4 



a 3. 



3.6 



Feb. 



3.7 



6.0 



Mar. 



5.5 



5.3 



6.4 
6.0 
6.0 
6.45 

6.8 

6.85 

7.0 

7.75 

8.4 

8.9 



Apr. 



8.3 
6.9 
6.4 
6.3 

6.85 

7.35 

8.1 

8.1 

7.4 

6.4 
6.3 

7.7 
8.6 
9.65 

10.0 
9.3 
7.75 
6.8 
6.55 

5.9 
5.4 
5.8 
5.8 
4.9 

4.6 
4.5 
4.2 
4.5 
4.7 



May. 



4.8 

4.95 

5.2 

5.2 

5.0 

4.8 

4.55 

4.25 

4.2 

4.25 

4.65 

4.8 

4.6 

4.3 

3.9 

3.45 
3.2 
3.15 
3.15 
3.3 

3.25 

3.05 

3.0 

2.6 

2.6 

2.55 

2.9 

2.65 

2.9 

2.75 

2.6 



June. 



2.6 
2.4 
2.4 
2.3 
2.35 

2.2 
2.2 
2.1 
2.0 
1.9 

1.9 
1.9 

1.8 
1.85 
1.9 



2.05 
2.25 
2.35 
2.5 

2.6 

2.55 

2.4 

2.3 

2.2 

2.1 
2.0 
2.0 
1.9 
1.9 



July. 



1.9 

1.8 

1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.9 

1.8 

1.8 

1.8 

1.75 

1.7 

1.7 
1.8 
1.9 
2.4 
2.5 

2.5 

2.35 

2.25 

2.05 

1.9 

1.85 
1.75 
1.75 
1.75 
1.75 
1.65 



Aug. 



1.65 
1.55 
1.55 
1.55 
1.55 

1.55 

1.55 
1.55 
1.55 
1.55 

1.55 
1.55 
1.55 
1.55 
1.55 

1.55 
1.65 
1.65 
1.75 
1.75 

1.75 
1.75 
1.65 
1.65 
1.55 

1.55 

1.45 
1.45 
1.45 
1.45 
1.35 



Sept. 



1.35 
1.35 
1.35 
1.45 
1.55 

1.55 
1.65 
1.65 
1.65 
1.65 

1.65 
1.65 
1.55 
1.55 
1.45 

1.45 
1.45 
1.45 
1.55 
1.55 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

1.7 

3.1 

5.15 

7.8 

9.2 



Oct. 



8.2 

5.8 

4.65 

4.1 

3.75 

3.55 
3.3 

3.05 
2.75 
2.55 

2.5 
2.6 
2.6 
2.5 
2.4 

2.35 

2.65 

2.55 

2.4 

2.25 

2.15 

2.25 

2.35 

2.6 

2.7 

3.15 

3.45 

3.5 

3.7 

3.55 

3.15 



Nov. 



2.85 

2.7 

3.85 

4.7 

4.5 

4.1 

3.65 
3.3 
3.2 
3.2 

3.35 

3.25 

3.05 

3.0 

3.0 

2.9 

2.95 

3.3 

3.3 

3.2 

3.05 

2.85 

3.0 

3.0 

3.35 

4.8 
5.6 
5.3 
4.9 
4.55 



Dec. 



4.2 

4.05 

4.0 

3.95 

3.75 

3.7 
3.8 
3.9 
3.4 
2.95 

3.05 

3.3 

3.45 

3.4 

3.3 

3.75 

3.8 

3.7 

3.7 

3.8 

3.7 

3.45 

2.9 

3.0 

3.0 

2.75 
2.75 
2.75 
2.65 
2.55 
2.5 



Note.— Ice conditions existed from Jan. 15 to Apr. 2. 
affected by backwater from ice jams below. 

15042°— wsp 279—12 7 



a Gage height to top of ice. 

Gage heights Mar. 21 to Apr. 2 were probably 



98 WATER RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Rating table for Kendusheag Stream near Bangor, 1908-9. 



Gage 


Dis- 


Gage 


Dis- 


Gage 


Dis- 


Gage 


Dis- 


height. 


charge. 


height. 


charge. 


height. 


charge. 


height. 


charge. 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 


1.30 


7 


2.70 


214 


4.10 


665 


6.00 


1,820 


1.40 


12 


2.80 


239 


4.20 


707 


6.20 


1,985 


1.50 


18 


2.90 


265 


4.30 


751 


6.40 


2,155 


1.60 


2 


3.00 


292 


4.40 


797 


6.60 


2,330 


1.70 


34 


3.10 


320 


4.50 


845 


6.80 


2,510 


1.80 


45 


3.20 


349 


4.60 


895 


7.00 


2,690 


1.90 


58 


3.30 


379 


4.70 


945 


7.20 


2,880 


1.00 


72 


3.40 


410 


4.80 


1,000 


7.40 


3,070 


2.10 


88 


3.50 


442 


4.90 


1,055 


7.60 


3,265 


2.20 


105 


3.60 


476 


5.00 


1,115 


7.80 


3,465 


2.30 


124 


3.70 


511 


5.20 


1,240 


8.00 


3,665 


2.40 


145 


3.80 


547 


5.40 


1,370 


9.00 


4,705 


2.50 


167 


3.90 


585 


5.60 


1,510 


10.00 


5,805 


2.60 


190 


4.00 


624 


5.80 


1,660 







Note. — The above table is not applicable for ice or obstructed channel conditions. It is based on 6 dis- 
charge measurements made during 1908-9 and is well defined between gage heights 0.3 feet and 6.0 foot. 



Daily 



, in second-feet, of Kendusheag Stream near Bangor, 1908-9. 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1908. 
1. . 




7 
18 
22 
22 
15 

12 
12 
12 
18 
18 

30 
18 
12 
12 
12 


167 
190 
202 
190 
167 

145 
124 
105 

72 
72 

72 
72 
58 
58 
58 


105 
105 
88 
105 
105 

124 
145 
145 
ol20 
100 

95 
90 
90 
90 
90 


16 




18 
18 
25 
22 
18 

18 
25 
25 
25 
25 

25 
52 
96 
105 
105 
167 


145 
265 
265 
202 
134 

80 
65 
88 
105 
105 

145 

145 
145 
145 
134 


80 


2 




17 


80 


3 




18 


80 


4 . 




19 


- 80 


5 




20 


60 


6 




21 


60 


7 




22. 


60 


8 




23 


40 


9 




24 


40 


10. . . 




25 


60 


11.. 




26. 


114 


12 




27 


88 


13 




28. . 


88 


14. 




29 


88 


15 


7 


30. .. . 


88 




31 


105 











a Discharge for period of ice conditions, Dec. 9 to 26, estimated on basis of two measurements during 
that period. 



Day. 


Jan. 


xeb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1909.ffl 
1 


105 
105 
105 
105 
105 

156 
2,380 
2,330 
1,860 
1,120 

1,000 
895 
821 
797 








1,000 
1,080 
1,240 
1,240 
1,120 

1,000 
870 
729 
707 
729 

920 

1,000 

895 

751 

585 


190 
145 
145 
124 
134 

105 
105 

88 
72 
58 

58 
58 
45 
52 

58 


58 
58 
58 
58 
45 

45 
45 
45 
45 
58 

45 
45 
45 
40 
34 


30 
22 
22 
22 
22 

22 
22 
22 
22 
22 

22 
22 
22 
22 
22 


9.5 
9.5 
9.5 
9.5 
15 

22 
30 
30 
30 
30 

30 
30 
22 
22 
15 


3,860 

1,660 

920 

665 

529 

459 
379 
306 
226 
178 

167 
190 
190 

167 
145 


252 
214 
566 
945 

845 

665 
494 
379 
349 
349 

394 
364 
306 
292 
292 


707 


2 








644 


3 






2,600 
2,160 
2,070 

2,560 
3,020 
3,760 
3,760 
3,070 

1,160 
2,070 
3,360 
4,280 
5,420 


624 


4 






604 


5.. 






529 


6.. 






511 


7 






547 


8 






585 


9 






410 


10 






278 


11 






306 


12 






379 


13 






426 


14. 






410 


15 






379 



aAssumed that backwater conditions existed from Mar. 29 to Apr. 2, 1909. Mar. 21 to 28 may have been 
affected also. Discharge Mar. 21 to Apr. 2 estimated to be about 85 per cent of the normal flow for period 
Mar. 21 to 28. Estimates Jan, 15 to Mar. 20 are very approximate. 



STREAM FLOW. 99 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Kenduskeag Stream near Bangor, 1908-9 — Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1909. 
16 








5,800 
5,040 
3,420 
2,510 
2,280 

1,740 

1,370 

1,660 

1,660 

1,060 

• 

895 

845 

707 

845 

945 


426 
349 
334 
334 
379 

364 
306 

292 
190 
190 

178 
265 
202 
265 
226 
190 


45 
80 
114 
134 
167 

190 
178 
145 
124 
105 

88 
72 
72 
58 
58 


34 
45 

58 
145 
167 

167 
134 
114 
80 
58 

52 
40 
40 
40 
40 
30 


22 

30 
30 
40 
40 

40 
40 
30 
30 
22 

22 
15 
15 
15 
15 
9.5 


15 
15 

15 
22 
22 

18 
18 
18 
18 
18 

34 

320 

1,210 

3,460 

4,920 


134 
202 
178 
145 
114 

96 
114 
134 
190 
214 

334 
426 
442 
511 
459 
334 


265 
278 
379 
379 
349 

306 
252 
292 
292 
394 

1,000 
1,510 
1,300 
1,060 
870 


529 


17 








547 


18 








511 


19 








511 


20 








547 


21 








511 


22 








426 


23 








265 


24 








292 


25 








292 


26 








226 


27 








226 


28 









226 


29 









202 


30 








178 


31 









167 

















Monthly discharge of Kenduskeag River near Bangor, 1908-9. 
[Drainage area, 191 square miles.o] 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. 



Minimum. 



Mean. 



Per 

square 
mile. 



Run-ofE 
(depth in 
inches on 

drainage 
area). 



Accu- 
racy. 



Sept. 15-30. 

October 

November. 
December. . 



7 
167 
265 
145 



7 

32.5 
131 
90.6 



0.037 
.170 



475 



0.01 
.20 

.77 
.55 



January . . . 
February . . 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July , 

August 

September. 

October 

November. 
December. . 



1909. 



2,380 



707 

178 

45 

30 

9. 

9. 

96 

214 

167 



538 

2.72 
984 
2,500 
592 
102 
63.5 
24.3 
348 
454 
521 
419 



2.82 
1.42 
5.15 
13.1 
3.10 
.534 
.332 
.127 
1.82 
2.38 
2.73 
2.19 



3.25 

1.48 

5.94 

14.62 

3.57 

.60 

.38 

.15 

2.03 

2.74 

3.05 

2.52 



The year. 



5,800 



568 



2.97 



40.33 



o Does not include any of the Souadabscook drainage area. 

Note. — Discharge estimated for periods of ice conditions in December, 1908, and January to April, 1909. 
Discharge estimated for Dec. 9 to 26, 1908. is equivalent to 77 second-feet per day. For Jan. 15 to 31, 1909, 
equivalent to 282 second-feet per day. 

PHILLIPS LAKE AND OUTLETS IN HOLDEN AND DEDHAM. 

Phillips Lake, situated about 10 miles southeast of Bangor, receives 
the drainage from an area 11.5 square miles in extent and has a 
water surface of about 1.4 square miles. The shores of the lake are 
in most places rocky, and most of the adjacent country is wooded 
and but sparsely settled. 

The lake has two outlets. The greater flow is from the north end 
of the lake northward through the village of East Holden, thence 
southward through Long Pond and into Penobscot River below 



100 



WATER RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 



Bucksport, a total length of 18 miles. The other stream flows from 
the southeast end of the lake, in the town of Dedham, into Green 
Lake and thence into Union River; this outlet carries water only 
during medium and high stages. Gages have been maintained at 
the outlets of the lake and on the lake itself for the purpose of deter- 
mining the quantity of water available for public use, as the lake 
was for some time under consideration as a source of water supply 
for the city of Bangor. 

The gage at the northern outlet was established July 7, 1904, and 
discontinued July 1, 1908. It is located about 1| miles from the lake, 
one-quarter mile south of the village of East Holden, and 175 feet 
south of an old mill. The drainage area at this point is 12.3 square 
miles. 

The gage at the southeast outlet was established July 19, 1904, 
and was read only at the time of visits by the hydrographers. It is 
located at the highway bridge about 1 J miles southeast of Lake House 
railroad station and is about 700 feet southeast of the Maine Central 
Eailroad crossing. The flow through this outlet is proportional to 
the lake height. 

The gage on Phillips Lake was established July 19, 1904, and dis- 
continued July 1, 1908. It was originally located at a point on the 
east shore of the lake about 300 feet northwest of Dr. L. S. Chilcott's 
cottage. On December 6, 1904, its location was changed to the 
Maine Central Railroad bridge over the north end of Phillips Lake, 
being still referred to the same datum. 

The respective gage datums have remained the same during the 
maintenance of the stations. 

Conditions for obtaining accurate data at the two outlets are 
rather poor and the results are only approximate. The discharge is 
probably not materially affected by ice. 

Discharge measurements of Phillips Lake outlet, at East Holden, 1904-1908. 



Date. 



1904 

July 19 

Aug. 18 

Oct.l7 

1905 

Apr. 17 

Apr, 29 « 

May 25 o 

June 17 

Aug. 11 

Aug. 15 

Sept. 2 

Oct. 21 



height. 


Discharge. 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 


1.55 


9.66 


1.45 


6.29 


1.46 


5.64 


1.84 


24.2 


1.90 


27.2 


1.90 


30.7 


1.82 


21.5 


1.77 


15.0 


1.67 


11.0 


1.74 


12.6 


1.41 


1.8 



Date. 



1906. 

Feb. 23 

Mar. 5 

Apr. 14 

Apr. 27 

May 23 

Aug. 24 

1907, 
Dec. 16 

1908, 
Apr. 24 




Discharge. 



a From log across stream 100 feet below gauge. 

b Gage height varied from 2.18 feet to 2.68 feet during the measurement. 



Sec.-ft. 
59 
46 
44 
40 
52 
17.2 



18.7 
37.7 



STREAM FLOW. 



101 



Discharge measurements of Phillips Lake, southeast outlet, near Lake House railroad 

station, 1904-1908. 





Gage height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Date. 


Gage height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Date. 


Outlet. 


Phillips 
Lake. 


Outlet. 


Phillips 
Lake. 


1904. 
July 19 


Feet. 
1.42 
1.14 
1.49 

2.80 
2.28 
2.20 
1.62 
1.38 
1.35 
1.06 
1.10 


Feet. 
7-. 05 
6.40 
7.34 

9.40 
8.94 
8.97 
8.48 
7.37 
7.20 
6.40 
6.00 


Sec.-ft. 
1.09 
.07 
1.48 

42.7 
12.2 
11.9 
3.3 
1.25 
1.04 
.05 
.03 


1906. 
Feb. 23 


Feet. 
1.50 
1.94 
2.90 
2.20 
1.15 

2.50 

1.92 


Feet. 
7.55 
7.25 
9.35 
8.80 
6.05 

9.05 

8.65 


Sec.-ft. 
1 69 


Aug 18 


Mar. 5 


1.21 


Oct. 17 


Apr. 27 


44.2 




May 23 


13.5 


1905. 


Aug. 24 


.01 


Apr 17 . . . . 


1907. 
Dec. 16 




Apr. 29 




May 25 


24.5 


June 17 


1908. 
Apr. 24 




Aug. 11 




Aug 15 


5.2 


Sept. 2 






Oct. 21 









Daily gage height, in feet, of Phillips Lake, north outlet, at East Holden, 1904-1908. 



Day. 



1904. 



2 




3 




4 




5 




6 




7 


1.60 


8 


1.60 


9 


L60 


10 


L60 


11 


1.60 


12 


1.60 


13 


1.60 


14 


1.55 


15 


1. 50 



July. 



Aug. 



L70 
L70 
L65 
1.65 
L65 

1.60 
LOO 
L60 
L60 
L55 

L55 
L55 
L48 
L45 
1.40 



Sept. 



L45 
L50 
L48 
L45 
L45 

L45 
L45 
L45 
L45 
L42 

L40 
L40 
L40 
1.40 
1.40 



Oct. 



(a) 



Nov. 



L45 
L45 
L45 
L45 
L45 

L45 
L45 
L45 
L45 
L45 

L45 
1.45 
1.45 
L45 
L45 



Dec. 



L80 
L90 
2.00 
L80 
L70 

L70 
L70 
L70 
L70 
L65 

L65 
L65 
L70 
L70 
L65 



Day. 



1904 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 



July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


L50 


L40 


L40 




L45 


1.50 


L40 


L40 


L45 


L45 


L50 


L40 


L40 


L45 


L45 


L52 


L40 


L40 


L45 


L4.5 


L55 


L40 


L40 


L45 


L45 


L52 


L62 


1.40 


L45 


1.50 


L50 


L50 


L40 


L45 


1. 50 


L50 


L48 


L40 


L45 


L50 


L50 


L45 


L40 


L45 


1. .55 


L50 


L45 


L40 


L45 


LOO 


L50 


L45 


L40 


L45 


L65 


L55 


L45 


1.40 


1.45 


1.70 


L70 


1.45 


L40 


L45 


L75 


L70 


L48 


L40 


L45 


L75 


L70 


L45 


L40 


1.45 


1.75 


L70 


L45 




L45 





Dec. 



1.65 
1.65 
L65 
L70 
L65 

L70 
L75 
L70 
LOO 
L65 

1.65 
1.65 
L70 
L65 
L65 
L65 



a No gage readings Oct. 1-16. 



Day. 



1905.a 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 



Jan. 



L6 
L6 
L6 
L6 
L7 

L7 

L7 

2.7 

2.55 

2.15 

2.05 

L95 

L95 

L9 

L9 

L9 

L85 

L85 

1.85 

1.8 



Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec 



L75 
L75 
L75 
L75 
L75 

L7 
L7 
L7 
L7 
L7 

L7 
L7 
L7 
L7 
L7 

L7 

L65 
L65 
L65 
L65 



L6 
L6 
L6 
L6 
L6 

L6 

L6 

L55 

L55 

L55 

L5 
L5 
L5 
L5 
L5 

L5 

L5 

L5 

L55 

L6 



2.05 

L8 

L8 

L85 

L9 

2.2 
2.2 
2.1 
2.0 
L9 

L9 
L9 
L8 

L8 
L8 

L85 

L85 

L8 

L9 

1.9 



L9 

L9 

L85 

L95 

L9 

L95 
L9 
L9 
L9 
L9 

L9 

L95 

L95 

L95 

L95 

2.0 

2.05 

2.0 

2.0 

2.0 



L9 
L9 
L9 
L9 
L9 

2.0 
L9 
L9 
L9 
L9 

L9 

L85 
L9 
L85 
L85 

L85 

L85 
L85 
L9 
L95 



L85 

L9 

L9 

L9 

L7 

L7 
L5 
L5 
L5 
L5 

L5 
L5 

L55 
L55 
L55 

L55 
L55 
L55 
L55 
L55 



L8 

is 

L8 
L8 
L8 

L6 
L5 

L45 
L4 
L4 

L4 
L4 
L4 
L4 
L4 

L4 
L4 
L4 
L4 
L4 



L4 
L4 
L4 
L4 
L4 

L4 

L4 
L4 
L4 
L4 

L4 
L4 
L4 
L4 

L8 

L5 
L4 
L4 
L4 
L4 



L7 
L5 
L5 
L5 
L5 

L5 

L5 

L55 

L6 

L55 

L5 
L5 
L5 
L5 
L5 

L6 

L6 

L55 

L5 

L5 



L5 
L5 
L7 
L7 
L55 

1.55 

L55 

L55 

L6 

L75 

L9 
L7 
L6 
1.6 
L6 

L6 
L6 
L6 
L9 
L9 



a River did not freeze near gage during 1905. 



102 



WATER RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 



Daily gage height, in feet, of Phillips Lake, north outlet, at East Holden, 1904-1908 — 

Continued. 



Day. 



Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


1.8 


i.a5 


1.55 


1.85 


2.0 


1.95 


1.55 




1.4 


1.4 


1.5 


1.8 


1.6 


1.6 


2.0 


2.0 


1.95 


1.55 




1.4 


1.8 


1.5 


1.8 


1.6 


1.6 


2.0 


2.0 


1.9 


1.55 


1.9 


1.4 


1.5 


1.5 


1.8 


1.6 


1.6 


2.0 


2.0 


1.9 


1.55 


1.9 


1.4 


1.5 


1.5 


1.8 


1.6 


1.7 


2.0 


1.95 


1.9 


1.55 


1.9 


1.4 


1.5 


1.4 


1.8 


1.6 


1.9 


1.95 


1.95 


1.85 


1.55 


1.9 


1.4 


1.5 


1.4 


1.8 


1.6 


1.95 


1.9 


1.9 


1.9 


1.55 


1.85 


1.4 


1.5 


1.4 


1.8 


1.6 


2.0 


1.9 


1.9 


1.85 


1.55 


1.85 


1.4 


1.5 


1.4 


1.8 




2.1 


1.9 


1.9 


1.85 


1.55 


1.85 


1.4 


1.5 


1.45 


1.8 




2.1 


1.9 


1.9 


1.85 


1.55 


1.8 


1.4 


1.5 


1.5 


1.75 




2.3 





1.9 




1.6 


1.8 




1.5 





1.8 


2.3 


2.4 


2.4 


2.5 


2.5 


1.8 


1.65 


1.8 


1.55 


1.9 


2.0 


2.3 


2.45 


2.45 


2.2 


2.35 


2.45 


1.65 


1.8 


1.55 


2.1 


2.3 


2.5 


2.4 


2.4 


2.5 


2.0 


1.8 


1.65 


1.8 


1.55 


2.3 


1.85 


2.2 


2.5 


2.15 


2.2 


2.45 


2.3 


1.65 


1.8 


1.55 


2.3 


1.85 


2.2 


2.35 


1.8 


2.2 


2.4 


2.3 


1.65 


1.8 


1.55 


2.3 


1.85 


2.2 


2.3 


2.45 


2.2 


2.5 


2.35 


1.65 


1.75 


1.55 


2.3 


2.0 


2.1 


2.05 


2.5 


2.5 


2.55 


2.2 


1.65 


1.7 


1.55 


2.3 


2.2 


2.05 


2.05 


1.8 


2.3 


2.3 


1.8 


1.65 


1.7 


1.55 


2.4 


1.85 


2.05 


2.3 


2.3 


2.25 


2.0 


1.7 


1.65 


1.65 


1.55 


2.4 


2.6 


2.05 


2.4 


2.35 


2.5 


2.0 


1.7 


1.65 


1.6 


1.55 


2.4 


2.0 


2.0 


2.5 


2.3 


2.4 


2.4 


1.8 


1.7 


1.6 


1.55 


1.9 


1.9 


2.0 


2.45 


2.3 


2.2 


2.3 


1.7 


1.65 


1.6 


1.55 


2.4 


1.8 


2.05 


2.4 


2.4 


2.2 


2.4 


1.7 


1.65 


1.6 


1.55 


2.4 


1.8 


2.5 


2.5 


2.3 


2.25 


2.25 


1.7 


1.65 


1.6 


1.55 


2.4 


1.8 


2.5 


2.45 


2.15 


2.45 


2.4 


1.7 


1.65 


1.6 


1.6 


2.4 


2.2 


2.2 


2.3 


2.55 


2.3 


2.4 


1.7 


1.65 


1.6 


1.55 


2.25 


2.3 


2.5 


2.3 


2.32 


2.05 


2.0 


1.7 


1.65 


1.6 


1.55 


2.4 


2.1 


2.3 


2.3 


2.38 


2.05 


2.3 


1.7 


1.7 


1.6 


1.55 


1.9 


2.1 


2.35 


2.3 


2.38 


2.05 


2.4 


1.7 


1.9 


1.6 


1.55 


2.5 


2.1 


2.5 


2.25 


2.42 


2.0 


2.35 


1.7 


1.9 


1.6 


1.55 


2.5 


2.1 


2.2 


2.1 


2.42 


2.0 


2.4 


1.7 


1.9 


1.6 


1.55 


2.4 


2.1 


2.5 


2.5 


2.2 


2.05 


2.4 


1.7 


1.9 


1.55 


1.55 


2.4 


2.1 


2.35 


2.3 


2.4 


2.25 


2.45 


1.7 


1.9 


1.55 


1.5 


2.4 


2.55 


2.4 


2.2 


2.15 


2.4 


1.9 


1.7 


1.9 


1.55 


1.45 


2.4 


2.4 


2.2 


2.2 


2.4 


2.5 


2.3 


1.65 


1.9 


1.55 


1.5 


1.9 


2.4 


2.3 


2.3 


2.5 


2.4 


2.4 


1.65 


1.9 


1.55 


1.95 


1.7 


2.5 


2.5 


2.3 


2.3 


2.0 


2.3 


1.65 


1.85 


1.55 


1.95 


1.7 


2.4 


2.5 


2.5 


2.2 


2.05 


2.4 


1.65 


1.85 


1.55 


1.6 


1.7 


2.4 




2.5 


2.2 


2.3 


2.55 


1.65 


1.8 


1.55 


1.75 


1.7 


2.4 




2.5 


2.4 


2.3 


2.15 


1.65 


1.8 


1.55 


1.6 


1.7 


2.4 




2.55 




2.4 




1.65 


1.8 




1.9 




1.9 


1.9 


4.9 


2.5 


1.7 


1.8 


1.95 


2.1 


1.8 


2.25 


1.7 


1.9 


1.9 


3.8 


2.1 


2.6 


2.0 


2.5 


2.1 


1.75 


1.9 


1.7 


1.9 


1.9 


2.0 


1.8 


2.0 


2.5 


2.05 


2.1 


1.7 


1.85 


2.1 


1.9 


1.9 


2.0 


1.8 


2.5 


2.5 


2.0 


2.05 


1.7 


1.8 


1.95 


1.9 


1.9 


2.4 


2.5 


2.0 


2.4 


1.9 


2.05 


1.75 


1.8 


1.9 


1.9 


1.9 


2.4 


2.5 


2.55 


2.0 


1.9 


2.05 


1.75 


1.8 


1.9 


1.9 


1.9 


2.2 


1.7 


2.55 


2.0 


1.8 


2.05 


1.8 


2.2 


2.4 


1.9 


2.0 


2.2 


2.4 


2.5 


2.0 


1.8 


2.05 


2.0 


2.1 


2.2 


1.9 


2.0 


2.2 


2.4 


2.2 


1.8 


1.9 


2.05 


1.95 


2.05 


2.2 


1.9 


2.9 


2.1 


2.5 


2.0 


2.4 


1.95 


2.05 


1.8 


2.0 


2.1 


2.5 


3.5 


2.1 


2.55 


2.1 


2.0 


1.95 


2.05 


1.8 


1.9 


2.1 


2.2 


3.0 


2.05 


2.3 


2.45 


2.0 


2.5 


2.05 


1.9 


1.8 


2.1 


2.1 


3.0 


2.0 


2.3 


2.45 


2.4 


2.55 


2.05 


1.9 


1.8 


2.2 


1.85 


2.5 


2.0 


2.0 


2.5 


2.5 


1.8 


1.9 


1.9 


1.8 


2.2 


1.9 


2.45 


2.0 


2.3 


2.45 


2.5 


1.8 


1.85 


1.9 


1.8 


2.2 


1.85 


2.2 


2.0 


2.3 


2.4 


1.9 


1.8 


1.8 


1.9 


1.8 


2.2 


2.0 


2.2 


1.9 


2.7 


2.45 


2.55 


1.8 


1.75 


1.9 


1.8 


2.2 


2.0 


2.2 


2.0 


2.7 


2.45 


2.5 


1.8 


1.75 


1.9 


1.9 


2.2 


1.9 


2.2 


2.2 


2.65 


2.15 


2.4 


1.8 


1.75 


1.9 


1.9 


2.4 


1.95 


2.15 


2.2 


2.65 


1.8 


1.9 


1.8 


1.7 


1.9 


1.9 


2.4 



1906. a 



1907. 



a The outlet does not freeze over near the gage, but during short periods the gage height may be affected 
by ice conditions downstream. 



STKEAM PLOW. 



103 



Daily gage height, in feet, of Phillips Lake, north outlet, at East Holden, 1904-1908 — 

Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1907. 
21 


1.95 

1.9 

1.95 

1.9 

1.9 

1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 


2.15 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 

2.1 

2.1 
2.1 
2.0 


2.2 
2.0 
2.0 
1.9 
1.9 

2.2 
2.2 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
2.2 


2.0 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.2 
2.2 
2.3 

2.7 
2.0 


2.5 

2.45 

2.5 

2.45 

2.4 

1.8 
2.4 
2.3 
2.3 
2.6 
2.0 


2.6 
2.4 
1.8 
2.0 
2.0 

2.0 

2.0 

2.35 

2.3 

1.95 


1.8 
1.9 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.1 
2.6 
2.6 
2.1 


1.7 
IJ 
1.7 

1.7 
1.7 

1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 


1.9 

1.9 

1.95 

2.0 

2.2 

2.15 

2.15 

2.15 

2.2 

2.25 


1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 

1.85 

1.8 

1.8 

1.8 

1.7 

1.7 


1.9 
2.6 
2.4 
2.1 
2.3 

2.3 

2.3 

2.3 

2.25 

2.2 


1.95 


22 


2.1 


23 


2.1 


24 


2.7 


25 


1.95 


26 


1.9 


27 


2.2 


28 


2.2 


29 


2.2 


30 


2.1 


31 


2.2 







Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


Jxine. 


Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


1908. 
1 


2.2 

2.1 

2.05 

2.05 

2.05 

2.1 

2.15 

2.75 

2.15 

2.1 

2.1 

2.1 

2.15 

2.1 

2.1 


.2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.2 
2.0 

2.2 
2.0 
2.0 
2.1 
2.15 

2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 

2.0 


2.1 

2.1 

2.05 

2.0 

2.0 

2.0 

2.0 

2.0 

2.0 

2.0 

2.0 

2.0 

2.0 

2.05 

2.05 


2.75 

2.55 

2.55 

2.3 

2.3 

2.75 

2.2 

2.7 

2.05 

2.7 

2.7 

2.4 

2.9 

2.35 

2.7 


2.9 
2.4 
2.5 

2.8 
2.75 

2.8 

2.9 

2.8 

2.85 

2.5 

2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.45 


2.35 

2.75 

2.7 

2.7 

2.7 

2.6 
2.3 
2.5 
2.3 
2.75 

2.1 

2.3 

2.7 

1.95 

2.9 


1908. 
16 


2.1 

2.05 

2.05 

2.05 

2.05 

2.0 

2.0 

2.0 

2.0 

2.0 

2.0 

2.0 

2.05 

2.05 

2.05 

2.2 


2.25 
2.45 
2.15 
2.15 
2.3 

2.3 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 

2.1 
2.2 
2.15 
2.1 






2.3 
2.3 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 

2.05 

2.05 

2.05 

2.9 

2.5 

2.7 
2.8 
2.3 
2.7 
2.6 


2.8 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 

2.8 

2.4 
2.8 
2.9 

2.7 
2.7 

2.4 

2.8 

2.3 

2.75 

2.9 


2.8 

2.45 

2.1 

2.65 

2.7 

2.5 
2.7 
2.3 
2.7 
2.75 

2.7 

2.15 

2.0 

1.95 

2.1 

2.15 


2.7 


2 


17 


2 3 


3 


18 


2.75 


4 


19 . . 


2.75 


5 . 


20 


1.95 


6 


21 


2.3 


7 


22 


1.9 


8 


23 . 


2 


9 


24 


2.0 


10 


25 


1.95 


11 


26 


1.9 


12 


27 


1.9 


13 


28 


1.9 


14 


29 


2.75 


15 


30 


2.75 




31 

















Daily 


gage height, 


in 


feet 


, of Phillips Lake, 


at East Holden 


, 1904-1908. 






Day. 


July. 


Aug. 


Oct. 


Dec. 


Day. 


July. 


Aug. 


Oct. 


Dec. 


1904. 
6 




6.50 
6.37 




8.30 


1904. 

19 

21 


7.05 








14 






6.62 
6.70 






17 




7.34 




22 








18 




6.40 




31 


6.70 






















Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1905. a 
1 








9.5 






8.1 












2 














6.4 






6.5 


3 












8.7 












4 




8.8 


8.3 














6.0 




5 












7.6 








6 










8.9 














7 


















6.3 






8 








9.7 






8.0 










9 














6.4 






7.4 


10 














. 8.6 












11 




8.8 


8.3 














6.2 




12 












7.4 








13 










8.8 














14 



















6.2 






15 








9.6 






7.9 


7.2 









16 








. 




6.4 






7.6 


17 








9.4 





8.5 












18 




8.3 


8.2 










6.3 




19. 












7.1 








20 1 










9.1 








.... 











a Feb. 4, 11, gage height to top of ice; ice 4 inches thick. Feb, 
ice left lake. Dec. 16, 2 inches ice at gage. Dec. 23, 30, no ice 



. 18, 25, and Mar. 4, no ice at gauge. Apr. 22, 

at gage. 



104 WATER EESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Phillips Lake, north outlet, at East Ilolden, 1904-1908- 

Con tinned. 



1 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1905. 
21 




















6.1 






22 








9.3 






7.7 










23 














6.4 






7 6 


24 




1 








8.2 












25 




8.4 


8.5 




9.0 










6.3 




26 








6.7 








27 










8.9 














28 




i 












6.0 






29 






9.0 






7.6 










30 














6.3 






7:6 


31 
























1906.a 
1 


















5.8 






5.9 


2 






:::::::;::;:: 




9.3 












3 




8.7 


7.1 














5.35 




4 ... 












6.7 








5 










9.4 














6 


7.8 
















5.35 






7 






6.8 






7.2 










8 














5.7 






6 1 


9 












9.1 












10 




8.4 


7.4 














5.3 




11 












6.6 








12 










9.4 














13 


7.9 
















5.35 






14 






7.3 






7.1 










15 














5.5 






6.1 


16 












8.6 












17 




8.1 


6.8 














5.35 




18 












6.4 








19 










9.1 














20 


8.3 
















5.3 






21 






9.2 






6.9 










22 














5.4 






6.4 


23 




7.6 
7.5 






8.8 


8.1 












24 .. . .. 




6.4 












5.7 




25 












6.2 








26 










8.7 














27 


8.8 
















4.1 






28 






9.4 






6.9 










29 














5.35 






6.8 


30 












7.6 












31 






6.4 


















1907.6 
1. 










8.4 














2 




7.9 


7.2 














6.0 




3 












6.8 








4 










9.6 














5 


7.2 
















5.9 






6 






7.2 






7.9 










7 














6.1 






8 6 


8 












8.5 












9 




7.9 


6.8 














8.1 




10 












6-5 








11 










9.0 














12 


7.5 
















6.2 






13 






7.7 






7.6 










14... 














6.0 






9.0 


15 












8.4 












16 




7.6 


6.5 














8.4 




17 












6.3 








18 










8.8 














19 


7.6 
















6.1 






20 






8.3 






7.4 











o The lake did not freeze over 
'' The lake did not freeze over 
Dec. 21, 1907. 



at the gage during 1906. 

at the gage during 1907. Ice left the lake Apr. 30, 1907. Lake frozen over 



STREAM FLOW. 



105 



Daily gage height, in feet, of Phillips Lake, north outlet, at East Holden, 1904-1908 — 

Continued, 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1907. 
21 


















5.9 






9.0 


22 












8.3 












23 




7.5 


6.3 















8.4 




24 












6.2 








25 










8.5 














26 


7.8 
















6.0 






27 






9.6 






7.1 










28 














5.7 


1 


9.0 


29 












8.0 












30 






6.3 














8.6 




31 














6.1 

































Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


1908.a 
1 




8.9 










1908.O 
16 










8.8 




2 








8.7 




17 












3 










18. 


9.2 






8.8 






4 


9.1 






9.1 






19 










5 










20 












8,1 


6 












8.7 


21 






9.0 








7 






9.0 






22 




9.1 








8 




8.9 








23 








8,5 '' 


9 








9.0 




24 












10 










25 


8.9 






8.7 




11 


9.2 






8.9 






26 






! 

! 


12 










27. 












8.0 


13 












8.3 


28 






9.0 








14 






8.8 






29.. 




9.1 








15 




9.0 








30 








8.4 

















31 





























a The lake did not freeze over at the gage during 1908. Ice went out of lake, except from coves, Apr. 22, 
1908, 

Rating table for Phillips Lake, north outlet, at East Holden, 1904-1908. 



height 


Dis- 


Gage 


Dis- 


charge. 


height. 


charge. 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 


1.40 


1.3 


2.20 


36.5 


1.50 


3.6 


2.30 


42 


1.60 


7.2 


2.40 


47.5 


1.70 


11.3 


2.50 


53 


1.80 


15.8 


2.60 


59 


1.90 


20.5 


2.70 


65 


2.00 


25.5 


2.80 


71 


2.10 


31 


2.90 


77 



Note.— The above table is not applicable for ice or obstructed-channel conditions. It is based on 10 dis- 
charge measurements made during 1904-1906 and is fairly well defined. Discharges for gage heights 3 feet 
and over, estimated. 



106 



WATEB RESOURCES OF PEKOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 



Rating table for Phillips Lake, southeast outlet, near Lake House railroad station, 1904- 

1908. 



Gage 


Dis- 


Gage 


Dis- 


Gage 


Dis- 


height. 


charge. 


height. 


charge. 


height. 


charge. 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 


5.90 


0.01 


7.10 


0.95 


8.30 


3.2 


6.00 


.02 


7.20 


1.10 


8.40 


3.6 


6.10 


.03 


7.30 


1.25 


8.50 


4.2 


6.20 


.04 


7.40 


1.40 


8.60 


5.3 


6.30 


.05 


7.50 


1.55 


8.70 


7.0 


6.40 


.07 


7.60 


1.70 


8.80 


9.5 


6.50 


.10 


7.70 


1.85 


8.90 


13 


6.60 


.20 


7.80 


2.0 


9.00 


17 


6.70 


.35 


7.90 


2.2 


9.20 


29 


6.80 


.50 


8.00 


2.4 


9.40 


46 


6.90 


.65 


8.10 


2.6 


9.60 


65 


7.00 


.80 


8.20 


2.9 







Note. — The above table is not applicable for ice or obstructed channel conditions. It is based on 18 
discharge measurements made during 1904-1908 and is fairly well defined. It apphes to Phillips Lake 
gage heights. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Phillips Lake, north outlet, at East Holden, 1904-1908. 



Day. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1904. 
1 




11.3 
11.3 
9.2 
9.2 
9.2 

7.2 

7.2 
7.2 
7.2 
5.4 

5.4 
5.4 
3.1 
2.4 
1.3 


2.4 
3.6 
3.1 
2.4 
2.4 

2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
1.8 

1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 

1.3 


(a) 


2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 

2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 

2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 


15.8 
20.5 
25.5 
15.8 
11.3 

11.3 
11.3 
11.3 
11.3 
9.2 

9.2 
9.2 
11.3 
11.3 

9.2 


1904. 
16 


3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
4.3 
5.4 

4.3 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 

3.6 
5.4 
11.3 
11.3 
11.3 
11.3 


1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 

8.0 
3.6 
3.1 

2.4 
2.4 

2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
3.1 
2.4 
2.4 


1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 

1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 

1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 


"2.4' 
2.4 
2.4 

2.4 

2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 

2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 


2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 

2.4 

3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
5.4 

7.2 

9.2 
11.3 
13.5 
13.5 
13.5 


9.2 


2 




17 


9.2 


3 




18 


9.2 


4 




19 


11.3 


5 .. 




20 


9.2 


6 




21 


11.3 


7 


7.2 
7.2 
7.2 
7.2 

7.2 
7.2 
7.2 
5.4 
3.6 


22 


13.5 


8 


23 


11.3 


9 


24 


7.2 


10 


25 


9.2 


11 


26 


9.2 


12 


27 


9.2 


13...-. .... 


28 


11.3 


14 


29 


9.2 


15 


30 


9.2 




31 


9.2 









a No record Oct. 1 to 16. Daily discharge estimated at 1.8 second-feet. 



Day. 



1905, 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 



Jan. 



7.2 
7.2 
7.2 
7.2 
11.3 

11.3 
11.3 
65.0 
56.0 
33.8 

28.2 
23.0 
23.0 
20.5 
20.5 

20.5 
18.1 
18.1 
18.1 
15.8 



Feb. 



13.6 
13.6 
13.6 
13.6 
13.6 

11.3 
11.3 
11.3 
11.3 
11.3 

11.3 
11.3 
11.3 
11.3 
11.3 

11.3 
9.2 
9.2 
9.2 
9.2 



Mar. 



7.2 
7.2 
7.2 
7.2 
7.2 

7.2 
7.2 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 



3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 

3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
5.4 
7.2 



Apr. 



28.2 
15.8 
15.8 
18.2 
20.5 

36.5 
36.5 
31.0 
25.5 
20.5 

20.5 
20.5 
15.8 
15.8 
15.8 

18.2 
18.2 
15.8 
20.5 
20.5 



May. 



20.5 
20.5 
18.2 
23.0 
20.5 

23.0 
20.5 
20.5 
20.5 
20.5 

20.5 
23.0 
23.0 
23.0 
23.0 

25.5 
28.2 
25.5 
25.5 
25.5 



June. 



20.5 
20.5 
20.5 
20.5 
20.5 

25.5 
20.5 
20.5 
20.5 
20.5 

20.5 
18.2 
20.5 
18.2 
18.2 

18.2 
18.2 
18.2 
18.2 
20.5 



July. 



18.2 
20.5 
20.5 
20.5 
11.3 

11.3 



3.6 
3.6 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 

5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 



Aug. 



5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 

5.4 
15.8 
18.2 
15.8 
15.8 

15.8 
15.8 
15.8 
15.8 
15.8 

13.6 
11.3 
11.3 
11.3 
11.3 



Sept. 



15.8 
15.8 
15.8 
15.8 
15.8 

7.2 
3.6 
2.4 
1.3 
1.3 

1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 

1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 



Oct. 



1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 

1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 



3.6 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 



Nov. 



11.3 



3.6 
3.6 

3.6 
3.6 
5.4 

7.2 
5.4 

3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 

7.2 
7.2 
5.4 
3.6 
3.6 



Dec. 



3.6 
3.6 
11.3 
11.3 
5.4 

5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
7.2 
13.6 

20.5 
11.3 

7.2 
7.2 
7.2 

7.2 

7.2 

7.2 

20.5 

20.5 



STKEAM FLOW. 



107 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Phillips LaJce, north outlet, at East Holden, 1904-1908- 

Continued. 



Jan. 



Feb. 



Mar. 



Apr. 



May. 



June. 



July. 



Aug. 



Sept. 



Oct. 



Nov. 



15.8 
15.8 
15.8 
15.8 
15.8 

15.8 
15.8 
15.8 
15.8 
15.8 
13.6 



15.8 



25.5 
20.5 
15.8 
15.8 
15.8 

36.5 

42 

31 

31 

31 

31 
31 
31 
56 
47.5 

47.5 

53 

47.5 

47.5 

47.5 

47.5 



20.5 
20.5 
20.5 
20.5 
20.5 

20.5 
20.5 
20.5 
20.5 
20.5 

53 

36.5 

31 

18.2 

20.5 

18.2 
25.5 
25.5 
20.5 
23 



9.2 

7.2 
7.2 
7.2 

7.^ 

7.2 
7.2 
7.2 



42 

42 

53 

36.5 

36.5 

36.5 
31 

28.2 
28.2 
28.2 

25.5 

25.5 

28.2 

53 

53 

36.5 

53 

42 

44.8 

53 

36.5 

53 

44.8 

47.5 

36.5 

42 
53 
53 



20.5 
20.5 
20.5 
20.5 
20.5 

20.5 
20.5 
25.5 
25.5 

77 

113 
83 
83 
53 

50.2 

36.5 
36.5 
36.5 
36.5 
33.8 



5.4 

7.2 
7.2 
7.2 
11.3 

20.5 
23.0 
25.5 
31.0 
31.0 
42.0 



47.5 

5.02 

47.5 



53 

50.2 
47.5 
53 

50.2 

42 
42 
42 
42 
39.2 



42 

36.5 

36.5 

42 
42 
53 
53 
53 
56 



197 

131 
25.5 
25.5 
47.5 

47.5 
36.5 
36.5 
36.5 
31 

31 

28.2 
25.5 
25.5 
25.5 

25.5 
20.5 
25.5 
36.5 
36.5 



18.2 
25.5 
25.5 
25.5 
25.5 

23.0 
20.5 
20.5 
20.5 
20.5 



47.5 
50.2 
47.5 
33.8 
15.8 

50.2 

53 

15.8 

42 

44.8 

42 

42 

47.5 

42 

33.8 

56 

43.1 

46.4 

46.4 

48.6 



36.5 
47.5 
33.8 
47.5 

53 
42 
36. 
36. 



5 
5 
47.5 



53 

31 

15.8 

15.8 

53 

53 

11.3 

47.5 

47.5 

53 

56 

42 

42 

25.5 

42 

42 
65 
65 
62 



25.5 
25.5 
25.5 
25.5 
23.0 

23.0 
20.5 
20.5 
20.5 
20.5 
20.5 



53 

36.5 

53 

36.5 

36.5 



42 
28.2 

28.2 
28.2 
25.5 

25.5 
28.2 
39.2 
47.5 
53 



11.3 

59 

25.5 

53 

25.5 

56 

56 

53 

36.5 

25.5 

31 

50.2 

50.2 

53 

50.2 

47.5 
50.2 
50.2 
33.8 
15.8 



23.0 
23.0 
23.0 
20.5 
20.5 

18.2 
20.5 
18.2 
18.2 
18.2 



47.5 

25.5 

42 

47.5 

44.8 



47.5 

42 

47.5 

56 

33.8 



15.8 

25.5 

53 

53 

47.5 

25.5 
25.5 
25.5 

15.8 
47.5 

25.5 

25.5 

47.5 

53 

53 

20.5 

56 

53 

47.5 

20.5 



5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 

5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
7.2 



36.5 
15.8 
11.3 
11.3 

15.8 
11.3 
11.3 
11.3 
11.3 

11.3 
11.3 
11.3 
11.3 
11.3 



11.3 
11.3 
11.3 
11.3 
9.2 



23 

53 

28.2 

25.5 

20.5 

20.5 
15.8 
15.8 
20.5 
23 

23 

53 

56 

15.8 

15.8 

15.8 
15.8 
15.8 
15.8 
15.8 



15.9 

a 15. 9 

20.5 

20.5 

20.5 

20.5 
18.2 
18.2 
18.2 
15.8 
15.8 



9.2 
9.2 
9.2 
9.2 
9.2 

9.2 
9.2 
9.2 
9.2 
9.2 

11.3 
9.2 
9.2 
9.2 
9.2 

9.2 
9.2 
11.3 
20.5 
20.5 

20.5 
20.5 
20.5 
20.5 
20.5 

20.5 
18.2 
18.2 
15.8 
15.8 
15.8 



31 
31 
31 

28.2 
28.2 

28.2 
28.2 
28.2 
28.2 
28.2 



15.8 
14.1 
14.1 
14.1 
11.3 



1.3 



1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 



15.8 
15.8 
15.8 
15.8 
15.8 

13.6 
11.3 
11.3 
9.2 

7.2 

7.2 
7.2 
7.2 
7.2 
7.2 

7.2 

7.2 
7.2 
7.2 
7.2 

7.2 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 

5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 



15.8 
14.1 
11.3 
11.3 
14.1 

14.1 

15.8 

25.5 

23 

15.8 

15.8 



20.5 
20.5 
20.5 
20.5 
20.5 



1.3 
15.8 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 

3.6 
3.6 
3.6 



5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 

5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 

5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 

7.2 

5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 

5.4 
5.4 
3.6 
2.4 
3.6 

23 
23 

7.2 
13.5 

7.2 
20.5 



39.2 
20.5 
18.2 
15.8 
15.8 

15.8 

36.5 

31 

28.2 

25.5 

20.5 
15.8 
15.8 
15.8 
15.8 

15.8 
15.8 
20.5 
20.5 
20.5 



3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 



2.4 
3.6 



20.5 

31 

42 

42 

42 

42 

42 

47.5 

47.5 

47.5 

20.5 
47.5 
47.5 
47.5 
47.5 

39.2 

47.5 

20.5 

53 

53 

47.5 
47.5 
47.5 
47.5 
20.5 

11.3 
11.3 
11.3 
11.3 
11.3 



11.3 

11.3 

31 

23 

20.5 

20.5 
47.5 
36.5 
36.5 
31 

31 

31 

36.5 

36.5 

36.5 

36.5 
36.5 
36.5 
47.5 
47.5 



a Discharge interpolated. 



108 WATER RESOUECES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Phillips Lake, north outlet, at East Hadden, 1904-190S- 

Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dee. 


1907. 
21 


23 

20.5 

23 

20.5 

20.5 

20.5 
20.5 
20.5 
20.5 
20.5 
20.5 


33.8 

31 

31 

31 

31 

31 
31 
25.5 


36.5 
25.5 
25.5 
20.5 
20.5 

36.5 

36.5 

53 

53 

53 

36.5 


25.5 

59. 

59. 

59 

59. 

36.5 

36.5 

42 

65 

25.5 


53 

50.2 

53 

50.2 

47.5 

15.8 

47.5 

42 

42 

59 

25.5 


59 

47.5 

15.8 

25.5 

25.5 

25.5 

25.5 

44.8 

42 

23 


15.8 

20.5 

59 

59 

59 

59. 
59 
59 
59 
59 
31 


11.3 
11.3 
11.3 
11.3 
11.3 

15.8 
15.8 
15.8 
15.8 
15.8 
15.8 


20.5 

20.5 

23 

25.5 

36.5 

33.8 
33.8 
33.8 
36.5 
39.2 


20.5 
20.5 
20.5 
20.5 
20.5 

18:2 
15.8 
15.8 
15.8 
11.3 
11.3 


20.5 

59 

47.5 

31 

42 

42 

42 

42 

39.2 

36.5 


23 


22 


31 


23 


31 


24 


65 


25 


23 


26. 


20.5 


27 


36.5 


28 


36.5 


29 


36.5 


30 


31 


31 


36.5 







Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


1908. 
1 


36.5 

31 

28.2 

28.2 

28.2 

31 

33.8 
68 
33.8 
31 

31 

31 

33.8 

31 

31 


42 

42 

42 

36.5 

25.5 

36.5 

25.5 

25.5 

31 

33.8 

25.5 
25.5 
25.5 
25.5 
25.5 


31 
31 

28.2 
25.5 
25.5 

25.5 
25.5 
25.5 
25.5 
25.5 

25.5 
25.5 
25.5 

28.2 
28.2 


68 
56 
56 
42 
42 

68 

36.5 

65 

28.2 

65 

65 
47.5 

77 

44.8 

65 


77 

47.5 

53 

71 

68 

71 
77 
71 
74 
73 

71 
71 
71 
71 

50.2 


44.8 

68 

65 

65 

65 

59 
42 
53 
42 
68 

31 

42 
65 
23 

77 


1908. 
16.. 


31 

28.2 
28.2 
28.2 
28.2 

25.5 
25.5 
25.5 
25.5 
25.5 

25.5 
25.5 
28.2 
28.2 
28.2 
36.5 


39.2 
50.2 
33.8 
33.8 
42 

42 
31 
31 
31 
31 

31 

36.5 
33.8 
31 


42 
42 
31 
31 
31 

28.2 

28.2 

28.2 

77 

53 

65 
71 
42 
65 
59 
a64 


71 
31 
31 
31 
71 

47.5 

?7 

47.5 

71 

42 

68 

77 


71 

50.2 
31 
62 
65 

53 
65 
42 
65 
68 

65 

33.8 

25.5 

23 

31 

33.8 


65 


2 


17 


42 


3 


18 


68 


4 


19 


68 


5 


20 


23 


6 


21 


42 


7 


22 ... 


20.5 


8 


23 


25.5 


9 . 


24 


25.5 


10 


25 


23 


11 


26 


20.5 


12 


27 


20.5 


13 ... 


28 


20.5 


14 


29 


68 


15 


30 


68 




31 ... 











a Interpolated. 

Note. — Daily discharges for Phillips Lake, southeast outlet, can be determined approximately by 
using the rating table and the weekly lake gage heights. 



Monthly discharge of Phillips Lake outlets in Holden and Dedham, 1904-1908. 
[Drainage area, 12.3 square miles.] 





Discharge in second-feet. 




Month. 


Northern outlet. 


South- 
eastern 
outlet. 


Total. 


Per square 
mile. 


Run-off 
(depth in 
inches on 
drainage 
area). 




Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


Mean. 




1904.a 
July 7-31 


11.3 
11.3 
3.6 
2.4 
13.5 
25.5 


3.6 
1.3 
1.3 
1.8 

2.4 
7.2 


6.11 
4.62 
1.71 
2.09 
4.41 
11.3 


60.61 
C.14 








August 








September 








October 


(d) 








Novembe''.. . 








December 


(«) 

















o Values for both stations, 1904-1906, are approximate, owing to local changes in conditions of flow, which 
could not be covered by meter measurements. 
b July 19-31. 
c August 1-22. 

d Discharge Oct. 17, 1.31 second-feet, 
c Discharge Dec. 6, 3.2 second-feet. 



STREAM FLOW. 109 

Monthly discharge of Phillips Lake outlets in Holden and Dedham, 1904-1908— Contd. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Northern outlet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean 



South- 
eastern 
outlet. 



Total. 



Per square 
mile. 



Run-oflf 
(depth in 
inches on 
drainage 
area). 



1905.a 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year.. 

1906.a 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year.. 

1907. «> 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September , 

October 

November 

December 

The year.. 

1908.& 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 



65.0 

13.6 

42 

36.5 

28.2 

25.5 

20.5 

20.5 

15.8 

15.8 

11.3 

42.0 



65.0 



59.0 
53.0 
56.0 
56.0 
53.0 
56.0 
50.2 
20.5 
15.8 
23.0 
53.0 
15.8 



59.0 



53 
113 
197 

65 



31 

39.2 

39.2 

59 

65 



1.97 



50.2 

77 
77 
77 
77 



7.2 

7.2 
3.6 
15.8 
18.2 
18.2 
3.6 
5.4 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
3.6 



19.2 

10.3 

10.3 

21.8 

22.6 

20.2 

7.36 

14.1 

4.03 

2.98 

4.05 

14.9 



6.44 
8.38 
50.1 
14.6 
4.59 
2.18 
1.04 
.069 
.036 
.044 



16.7 
18.7 
71.9 
37.2 
24.8 
9.54 
15.1 
4.10 
3.02 
4.09 
16.4 



12.7 



15.8 
25.5 
28.2 
15.8 
25.5 
20.5 
9.2 
9.2 
5.4 
2.4 
11.3 
11.3 



33.2 
40.8 
44.8 
42.6 
39.6 
43.0 
16.8 
13.5 
8.65 
7.25 
36.5 
13.4 



4.22 
3.70 
.60 
19.2 
30.8 
13.9 
.84 
.15 



.13 



37.4 
44.5 
45.4 
61.8 
70.4 
56.9 
17.6 
13.7 
8.65 
7.25 
36.5 
13.5 



2.4 



28.3 



13 



34.5 



18.2 
20.5 
20.5 
11.3 
11.3 
15.8 
15.8 
11.3 
11.3 
11.3 
11.3 
20.5 



22.8 
38.5 
41.7 
45.0 
42.6 
35.7 
32.2 
20.5 
22.1 
19.8 
34.9 
35.4 



1.58 
1.83 

, -34 
J.VJ. 6 
22.0 
3.45 
1.58 
.15 
.02 
.02 
3.0 
13.4 



24.4 
40.3 
42.0 
61.6 
64.6 
39.2 
33.8 
20.6 
22.1 
19.8 
37.9 
48.8 



11.3 



32. 



5.33 



37.9 



25.5 
25.5 
25.5 

28.2 
23.0 
20.5 



30.7 
33.3 
37.4 
56.4 
57.5 
47.0 



22.3 

17.8 
16.1 
12.3 

8.66 
3.77 



53.0 
51.1 
53.5 

68.7 
66.2 
50.8 



1.36 

1.52 

5.85 

3.02 

2.02 

.776 

1.23 

.333 

.246 

.333 

1.33 



3.04 
3.62 

5^02 
5.72 
4.63 
1.43 
1.11 
.703 
.589 
2.97 
1.10 



2.80 



1.98 
3.28 
3.41 
5.01 
5.25 
3.19 
2.75 
1.67 
1.80 
1.61 
3.08 
3.97 



3.08 



4.31 
4.15 
4.35 
5.59 
5.38 
4.13 



1.42 

1.75 

6.53 

3.48 

2.25 

.89 

1.42 

.37 

.28 

.37 

1.53 



3.50 
3.77 
4.25 
5.60 
6.60 
5.17 
1.65 
1.28 
.78 
.68 
3.31 
1.27 



2.28 
3.42 
3.93 
5.59 
6.05 
3.56 
3.17 
1.92 
2.01 
1.86 
3.44 
4.58 



41.81 



4.97 
4.48 
5.02 
6.24 
6.20 
4.61 



o Values for both stations, 1904-1906, are approximate, owing to local changes in conditions of flow, 
which could not be co v^ered by meter measurements. 

b Values for both stations are classed as D, or approximate, owing to local changes in conditions of flow, 
which could not be covered by meter measurements. 



110 WATER RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

MISCELLANEOUS MEASUREMENTS IN PENOBSCOT RIVER 
DRAINAGE BASIN. 

In 1884 and in 1886 two discharge measurements were made of 
Penobscot River near Orono by Prof. George H. Hamlin, of Maine 
State College, as follows: 

September 20, 22, and 23, 1884, a discharge of 3,480 second-feet 
was obtained by subsurface floats. 

September 7 and October 23, 1886, with the river at practically the 
same stage on both dates, a total discharge of 2,470 second-feet was' 
obtained by use of an Ellis current meter. 

These measurements were considered as giving the low-water flow 
for their respective seasons. 

The following miscellaneous discharge measurements were made 
in Penobscot River drainage basin during 1908: 

Miscellaneous discharge measurements in Penobscot River basin in 1908. 



Date. 


Stream. 


Locahty. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gauge 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Apr. 27 

July 10 

10 


Souadabscook Stream 

do.... 

do 


Emersons Mills, Hampden . . 
do 

do. 


Feet. 
67 

56.5 
18 
24 
57 


68.5 
9.0 

34 

60 
6.2 


Feet. 
a 10. 13 
olO. 99 
a 10. 99 

66.82 
oil. 14 
oil. 14 


Sec.-jt. 
359 
15.7 
14 8 


Aug. 11 
Sept. 8 


do 

do . 


do 

do.. .. 


17.5 
10 8 


do 


do 


6.9 











o Bench mark is top of floor of highway bridge, 10 feet from left abutment. 

b Measurement made 100 feet upstream from remains of old highway bridge in Hampden, from timbers 
across the stream. Bench mark is on top of a log in cribwork on downstream side of left abutment of 
bridge. 

Note. — Gage height is distance from bench mark to water surface. 

RELATION OF RUN- OFF TO PRECIPITATION. 

In the following table the records of precipitation and discharge at 
Millinocket have been utilized to estimate the ratio of run-off to 
precipitation by months for the period of 1901-1909, inclusive. The 
record of discharge at Millinocket has been corrected for storage in 
the lakes above Millinocket, as explained on page 194, so that it shows 
approximately the natural flow of the West Branch during the period, 
and the table gives the ratios based on the observed flow and on the 
flow as corrected for storage. 



EELATION OF RUN-OFF TO PRECIPITATION. 



Ill 



Run-off and precipitation in Penobscot River basin above Millinochet, 1901-1909, inclu- 
sive, by months. 



Month. 





Run-otf , in 


inches, on 


Ratio of 


run-off to 


Precipita- 


drainage, area. 


precipitation. 










tion, in 




E.stiraated 


For 
observed 
run-off. 


For esti- 


inches. 


Observed 


run-off 


mated run- 




run-off. 


without 


off without 






storage. 


storage. 


2.53 


0.59 


0.33 


0.23 


0.13 


.59 


.90 


.47 


1.53 


.80 


5.12 


.99 


.45 


.19 


.09 


5.63 


5.61 


7.31 


1.00 


1.30 


.95 


4.04 


5.02 


4.25 


5.28 


3.03 


1.57 


1.43 


.52 


.47 


1.78 


2.20 


.86 


1.24 


.48 


4.59 


1.58 


1.13 


.34 


.25 


1.85 


1.54 


.42 


.83 


.23 


3.68 


.83 


.25 


.23 


.07 


2.55 


.39 


.38 


.15 


.15 


8.75 


.71 


1.92 


.08 


.22 


41.05 


20.95 


19.97 


.51 


.44 


3.97 


1.30 


1.59 


.33 


.40 


.86 


1.26 


1.20 


1.47 


1.40 


6.47 


3.30 


2.87 


.51 


.44 


1.95 


7.01 


8.67 


3.59 


4.45 


2.47 


5.80 


6.26 


2.35 


2.54 


5.82 


5.57 


5.58 


.96 


.96 


2.50 


1.48 


.53 


.59 


.21 


3.63 


1.60 


.70 


.44 


.19 


4.15 


1.28 


.83 


.31 


.20 


5.09 


1.41 


1.83 


.28 


.36 


1.88 


1.45 


2.20 


.77 


1.17 


5.23 


1.63 


1.41 


.31 


.27 


44.02 


33.09 


33.67 


.75 


.76 


2.66 


1.00 


.58 


.38 


.22 


2.82 


1.03 


.48 


.37 


.17 


5.78 


3.54 


3.16 


.61 


.55 


1.62 


7.89 


10.21 


4.87 


6.30 


.64 


3.95 


5.07 


6.17 


7.93 


2.22 


1.26 


.95 


.57 


.43 


3.91 


1.49 


.54 


.38 


.14 


2.66 


2.04 


.78 


.77 


.29 


2.04 


1.14 


.06 


.56 


.03 


2.24 


.48 


.15 


.21 


.07 


2.12 


.23 


.25 


.11 


.12 


3.33 


.26 


.31 


.08 


.09 


32.04 


24.31 


22.54 


.76 


.70 


2.56 


.20 


.21 


.08 


.08 


1.34 


.21 


.17 


.16 


.13 


2.98 


.32 


.28 


.11 


.09 


2.67 


.59 


1.70 


.22 


.06 


3.94 


3.12 


7.55 


.79 


1.93 


2.46 


2.19 


1.73 


.89 


.70 


4.60 


1.96 


.89 


.43 


.19 


4.75 


2.09 


.68 


.44 


.14 


5.95 


1.27 


1.23 


.21 


.21 


2.46 


1.36 


2.65 


.55 


1.08 


1.56 


1.36 


1.07 


.87 


.69 


1.24 


1.33 


.45 


1.07 


.36 


36.51 


16.00 


18.61 


.44 


.51 


4.06 


1.37 


.43 


.34 


.11 


.97 


1.21 


.19 


1.25 


.20 


1.05 


1.05 


.23 


1.00 


.22 


1.38 


1.32 


3.51 


.96 


2.54 


2.66 


3.71 


5.35 


1.39 


2.02 


2.03 


1.57 


2.32 


.77 


1.14 


2.22 


1.48 


1.00 


.67 


.45 


1.50 


1.88 


.20 


1.25 


.13 


2.32 


1.36 


.06 


.59 


.03 


1.13 


.90 


.06 


.80 


.05 


3.72 


.26 


.17 


.07 


.05 


2.90 


.25 


.17 


.09 


.06 


25.94 


16.36 


13.69 


.63 


.53 



1901 

January — 

February 

Marcb 

April 

May 

Jime 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 

1902 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

Jime 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 

1903, 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 

1904 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 

1905 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year, ., 



112 



WATER RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 



Run-off and precipitation in Penobscot River basin above Millinocket, 1901-1909, inclu- 
sive, by months — Continued. 



Month. 





Kun-oflf, in 


inches, on 


Ratio of run-off to 


Precipita- 


drainage area. 


precipitation. 










tion, in 
inches. 


Observed 


Estimated 
run-off 


For 
observed 
run-off. 


For esti- 
mated run- 




run-ofl. 


without 


oil' without 






storage. 


storage. 


2.76 


0.25 


0.27 


0.09 


0.10 


2.80 


.41 


.41 


.15 


.15 


6.04 


.42 


.44 


.07 


.07 


3.12 


.71 


1.58 


.23 


.52 


3.42 


4.23 


8.69 


1.24 


2.52 


2.78 


2.86 


2.93 


1.03 


1.05 


2.99 


2.22 


1.00 


.74 


.34 


1.80 


1.97 


.32 


1.09 


.18 


2.90 


1.20 


.16 


.41 


.06 


6.62 


1.26 


.97 


.19 


.15 


3.25 


1.23 


1.07 


.38 


.33 


3.40 


1.24 


.61 


.36 


.18 


41.88 


18.00 


18.35 


.43 


.44 


2.65 


1.24 


.77 


.47 


.29 


1.68 


.84 


.32 


.51 


.19 


2.13 


.23 


.24 


.11 


.11 


3.68 


.85 


1.70 


.24 


.46 


2.44 


4.34 


9.93 


1.78 


4.07 


5.30 


4.12 


3.85 


.78 


.73 


5.70 


3.19 


3.74 


.56 


.66 


3.27 


2.13 


1.84 


.66 


.56 


4.34 


1.27 


.96 


.29 


.22 


4.05 


1.66 


1.76 


.41 


.44 


3.56 


4.27 


4.14 


1.17 


1.16 


3.28 


2.77 


2.20 


.84 


.67 


42.08 


26.91 


31.45 


.64 


.75 


2.52 


1.91 


1.49 


.76 


.59 


3.82 


1.64 


.93 


.43 


.24 


2.65 


1.83 


.93 


.69 


.35 


1.93 


1.74 


2.39 


.90 


1.24 


5.16 


6.26 


9.68 


1.21 


1.88 


2.10 


4.11 


3.80 


1.96 


1.81 


2.35 


2.33 


.87 


.99 


.37 


5.01 


1.52 


.63 


.30 


.13 


2.46 


1.18 


.15 


.48 


.06 


3.30 


1.22 


.19 


.37 


.06 


1.88 


1.18 


.14 


.63 


.07 


3.32 


1.22 


.20 


.37 


.06 


36.50 


26.14 


21.40 


.72 


.59 


5.24 


.85 


.50 


.16 


.10 


5.36 


.45 


.42 


.08 


.08 


4.24 


.83 


.65 


.20 


.15 


4.64 


1.45 


4.90 


.31 


1.06 


3.05 


5.73 


9.34 


1.88 


3.06 


2.91 


2.74 


2.14 


.94 


.74 


3.09 


2.03 


1.41 


.66 


.46 


3.07 


1.42 


.57 


.46 


.19 


9.70 


1.35 


1.15 


.14 


.12 


1.80 


1.38 


2.61 


.77 


1.45 


4.92 


1.32 


1.53 


.27 


.31 


2.07 


1.34 


1.18 


.65 


.57 


50.09 


20.89 


26.40 


.42 


.53 


350.11 
38.90 


202.65 
22.52 


206.08 
22.90 






.58 


.59 


50.09 


33.09 


33.67 


.76 


.76 


25.94 


16.00 


13.69 


.42 


Ai 



1906. 

January 

February 

March , 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 

1907. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 

1908 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 

1909 

January 

February 

March 

April 

M!ay 

Jtme 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 

The period (1901-1909): 

Total 

Mean 

Yearly maximum . 
Yearly minimum. . 



E.VAPOKATTON. 



113 



The subjoined table shows the average monthly precipitation from 
1901 to 1909 in the Penobscot River basin above Millinocket; the 
observed average monthly discharge at Millinocket from 1901 to 1909; 
the estimated average monthly discharge, as corrected for storage, 
from 1901 to 1909, and the ratios of these discharges to the 
precipitation. 

The effect of storage on the distribution of the seasonal run-off is 
clearly shown by a comparison of the third and fourth columns of the 
table. Under the present conditions (column 3), during April, May, 
and occasionally in June, water is being stored; during the remainder 
of the year, except for a short time in the summer, during the log- 
driving season, stored water is used as required and the regimen of 
flow is a very even one — in marked contrast to the average conditions 
of low water existing under natural conditions of flow (column 4) for 
the fall and winter months. 

Mean ratios of run-off to precipitation, West Branch of Penobscot River at Millinocket, 

1901-1909. 



Month. 



Precipita- 
tion in 
inches. 



Run-ofE in inches on 
drainage area. 



Observed 
run-ofl. 



Estimated 
run-off 
without 
storage. 



Mean ratio of run-off to 
precipitation, 1901-1909. 



For 
observed 
ran-off. 



For esti- 
mated 
run -off 

withoiit 



January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



3.22 
2.25 
4.05 
2.96 
2.75 
3.18 
3.24 
3.36 
3.97 
3.37 
2.86 
3.72 



0.97 
.88 
1.39 
3.02 
4.57 
2.89 
2.04 
1.80 
1.29 
1.17 
1.30 
1.19 



0.69 

.51 

1.03 

4.66 

7.42 

2.75 

1.20 

.76 

.56 

1.16 

1.22 

.94 



38.90 



22.52 



22.90 



0.30 
.39 
.34 
1.02 
1.67 
.91 
.63 
.54 
.32 
.35 
.45 
.32 



.58 



0.21 
.23 
.25 
1.58 
2.70 
.86 
.37 
.23 
.14 
.34 
.43 
.25 



EVAPORATION. 



The rate of evaporation from water surfaces varies with the temper- 
ature of the water, the velocity of the wind at the water surface, and 
the dryness of the air, and consequently varies widely in different 
localities and in the same locality at different seasons. The method 
adopted for measuring the evaporation from a body of water consists 
in measuring the loss of water from a pan which is so placed that the 
contained water has as nearly as possible the same temperature and 
exposure as that of the water which it is intended to represent. 

The rate of evaporation has been measured in Maine by the United 
States Geological Survey in cooperation with private parties at four 
15042°— wsp 279— 12 8 



114 



WATER RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 



places, one of which, Ferguson Pond, Mihinocket, is in the Penob- 
scot drainage basin. The records at these stations show approxi- 
mately the ratio of evaporation from water surface in this State, but 
the data for the winter months are rather incomplete. 

Evaporation stations in Maine 



station. 



Location. 



Date estab- 
lished. 



Date discon- 
tinued. 



Soldier Pond 
Millinocket.. 

Lewiston 

Upper Dam . 



Soldier Pond 

Ferguson Pond 

Androscoggin River 

Mooselucmeguntic Lake. 



July 1,1905 

do , 

do 

Aug. 19,1905 



Nov. 7,1908 
Oct. 31,1907 

Do. 
Oct. 29,1907 



A skeleton log raft about 15 feet square is arranged to float with 
its surface just out of the water. A clear opening 6 feet square is 
left in the center and in this opening the evaporation pan floats, its 
top being kept perhaps 2 or 3 inches above the water surface by means 
of cylindrical galvanized-iron pontons. The evaporation pan is 3 
feet square and 18 inches deep, and is constructed of galvanized iron 
braced with iron straps. A spindle with sharp point is fixed vertically 
in the middle of the pan, with its point 1 or 2 inches below the top. 
The spindle is surrounded by a thin iron cylinder about 3 inches in 
diameter, with its axis parallel to the spindle, and closed with the 
exception of some small holes near the bottom. The spindle is 
originally so set that its point is just submerged by the water and at 
the time of each subsequent observation the quantity of water required 
to restore the water surface to the level of the spindle point is meas- 
ured. For pouring in the water (or dipping it out if rainfall has 
exceeded the evaporation) the cup used is of such capacity that it 
represents 0.01 inch depth of water in the pan, so that the number 
of cupfuls shows the change in depth in hundredths of inches — the 
evaporation if there has been no rainfall. A rain gage is maintained 
on the raft so that correction can be made for any rainfall. 

The evaporation raft on Soldier Pond is shown in Plate VII. At 
this station the temperature of the water in the pan and outside of 
the pan, the precipitation, and the evaporation are recorded. At 
the other three stations in Maine the temperature of the air, relative 
humidity, and velocity of the wind are also observed. 

In general the results obtained have been very satisfactory. The 
cylinder surrounding the spindle point prevents the water surface 
from moving rapidly even when the pan is being considerably shaken 
by waves. A difference of half a cupful (0.005 inch) can readily be 
detected. 

Some data regarding evaporation from ice were obtained at Mil- 
linocket and Lewiston. At Lewiston an iron dish was filled with 



U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 



WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 279 PLATE VII 




A. EVAPORATION STATION AT SOLDIER POND. 

Showing raft and floating pan. 




B. NICATOUS FALLS, ON PASSADUMKEAG STREAM. 



EVAPORATION. 



115 



water which was allowed to freeze solid and then exposed. The loss 
by evaporation was determined by recording the weight of the pan 
from time to time. During rain and sleet storms observations had 
to be discontinued and the record was therefore interrupted. Owing 
to the fact that the evaporation was not measured for the stormy 
days it seems probable that the estimates made of the monthly 
evaporation are slightly large. As there is usually some snow during 
the winter months, serving to protect the lake ice cover, the actual 
rate of evaporation from the lakes and reservoirs is probably sm^aller 
than the figure given. The rate of evaporation from snow is, how- 
ever, an undetermined quantity. 

The following tables show the results in weekly and monthly 
periods, of the daily determinations of temperature, precipitations, 
and evaporation.^ 

Evaporation of Soldier Pond at Soldier Pond, 1905-1908. 



Period. 


Average tempera- 
ture of water in 
degrees F. 


Total 
precipi- 
tation in 
inches. 


Evaporation in inches. 




Outside 
pan. 


In pan. 


Total. 


Average. 


Maxi- 
mum. 


Mini- 
mum. 


1905. 
julv 1-8 


70.5 
70.9 
67.7 
69.2 


72.8 
71.9 
68.0 
69.6 


1.02 
.17 

.72 
.69 


0.72 
1.38 
1.25 
.95 


0.090 
.172 
.156 
.136 


0.15 
.25 
.23 

.28 


0.01 


July 9-16 


11 


July 17-24 


.10 


July 25-31 


05 






Mean, 1-31 


69.6 


70.6 


2.60 


4.30 


.139 


.28 


01 






Aug. 1-8 


70.1 
70.6 
66.6 
64.7 


70.2 
70.1 
66.8 
64.9 


.46 
.78 
.10 
.03 


1.36 
1.44 
1.35 
1.10 


.170 
.180 
.169 
.157 


.21 
.29 
.20 
.21 


13 


Aug. 9-16 


.09 


Aug. 17-24 . 


.15 


Aug. 25-31 


,10 






Mean, 1-31 


68.0 


68.0 


1.37 


5.25 


.169 


.29 


.09 






Sept. 1-8 


62.0 
63.0 
61.6 
51.9 


62.2 
63.0 
62.0 
52.3 


1.06 
.07 
.73 
.20 


.63 
.95 
.48 
.59 


.079 
.136 
.060 
.084 


.15 

.21 
.13 
.18 


.01 


Sept. 9-15 . . . 


.08 


Sept. 16-23 


.01 


Sept. 24-30 


.01 






Mean, 1-30... 


59.6 


59.9 


2.06 


2.65 


.088 


.21 


.01 






Oct. 1-8 


55.0 
48.4 
44.4 
37.4 


55.1 
49.0 
43.8 
36.6 


.22 
^31 
1.10 


.56 

.53 

a. 30 

.12 


.070 

.066 

a. 060 

.017 


.13 
.11 
.08 
.04 


.01 


Oct. 9-16 


04 


Oct. 17-24 


.04 


Oct. 25-31 


00 








Mean, 1-31 


46.3 


46.1 


1.63 


n.bi 


.054 


.13 


.00 






Nov. 1-7 


35.4 
35.8 


34.7 
35.0 


1.48 
.29 


.11 
.05 


.016 
.008 


.03 
.03 


.01 


Nov. 8-13 


.00 






1906. 
May 3-8 . 


39.3 
39.9 
45.1 
44.1 


44.7 
42.2 
49.5 
47.3 


.10 
.85 
.51 
.51 


.33 
.35 
.52 

.47 


.055 
.044 
.065 
.067 


.07 
.12 
.10 
.17 


.04 


May 9-16 


.00 


May 17-24 


.04 


May 25-31 


.01 






Mean, 3-31 


C42. 1 


C45.9 


cl.97 


cl.67 


C.058 


C.17 


c 00 







5 days. 



& 28 days. 



c 29 days. 



1 At some of the stations, especially Millinocket, waves during occasional high winds caused the : 
several days' records. 



116 



WATER EESOUROES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 



Evaporation of Soldier Pond at Soldier Pond, 1905-1908 — Continued. 



Period. 


Average tempera- 
ture of water in 
degrees F. 


Total 
precipi- 


Evaporation in inches. 




Outside 
pan. 


In pan. 


inches. 


Total. 


Average. 


Maxi- 
mum. 


Mini- 
mum. 


1906. 
June 1-8 


53.9 

57.7 
68.0 
62.4 


57.9 
60.9 
70.9 
63.6 


1.30 
.34 
.30 

1.01 


0.42 

.77 
1.10 
.59 


0.052 
.110 
.138 
.084 


0.08 
.18 
.18 
.17 


0.02 


June 9-15 


.04 


June 16-23 


.06 


June 24-30 


.02 






Mean, 1-30 


60.5 


63.4 


2.95 


2.88 


.096 


.18 


.02 






July 1-8 


65.4 
70.4 
73.6 
75.2 


65.8 
71.6 
74.0 
75.3 


.17 
.24 
.94 
.14 


.97 
.87 
1.20 
1.30 


.121 
.109 
.150 
.186 


.15 
.14 
.25 
.23 


.04 


July 9-16 


.07 


July 17-24 


.05 


July 25-31 


.14 






Mean, 1-31 


71.2 


71.7 


1.49 


4.34 


.140 


.25 


.04 






Aug. 1-8 


76.5 
72.0 
70.2 
66.1 


77.2 
72.5 
70.9 
66.4 


.27 
.66 
1.06 
.24 


1.60 
1.52 
1.25 

.97 


.200 
.190 
.156 
.139 


.27 
.25 
.26 
.22 


.13 


Aug. 9-16 


.09 


Aug. 17-24 


.10 


Aug. 25-31 


.09 






Mean, 1-31 


71.2 


71.8 


2.23 


5.34 


.172 


.27 


.09 






Sept. 1-8 


60.0 
58.4 
59.1 
53.7 


59.9 
59.0 
59.6 
52.5 


1.23 
.46 
.56 

.47 


.81 
.85 
.85 
.59 


.101 
.106 
.106 
.098 


.17 
.21 
.16 
.14 


.05 


Sept. 9-16 


.04 


Sept. 17-24 


.06 


Sept. 25-30 


.06 






Mean, 1-30 


57.8 


57.8 


2.72 


3.10 


.103 


.21 


.04 






Oct. 1-8 


51.5 

48.2 
49.0 
47.0 


50.3 
47.5 
48.5 
45.1 


.62 

2.98 

.64 

.75 


.70 
.50 
.44 
.35 


.088 
.062 
.055 
.050 


.12 
.10 
.09 
.09 


.02 


Oct. 9-16 


.04 


Oct. 17-24 


.03 


Oct. 25-31 


.02 






Mean, 1-31 


48.9 


47.8 


4.99 


1.99 


.064 


.12 


.02 






Nov. 1-8 


40.5 
37.0 


38.9 
34.6 


.12 
.23 


.57 
.15 


.071 
.050 


.11 

.08 


.04 


Nov. 9-11 


.02 






1907. 
May 1-8 


37.2 
39.6 
41.7 
43.0 


39.2 
41.2 
44.9 
44.9 


.49 
.18 
.47 
1.11 


.26 
.34 
.39 

,41 


.032 
.042 
.049 
.059 


.08 
.08 
.08 
.11 


.01 


May 9-16 


.02 


May 17-24 


.02 


May 25-31 


.00 






Mean, 1-31 


40.4 


42.6 


2.25 


1.40 


.045 


.11 


.00 






June 1-8 


48.6 
54.3 
57.8 
61.4 


52.0 
59.4 
63.9 
63.8 


.98 
.23 

L41 


.40 
.64 
.68 
.38 


.050 
.092 
.085 
.054 


.08 
.13 
.14 
.09 


.02 


June 9-15 


.03 


June 16-23 


.06 


June 24-30 


.01 






Mean, 1-30 


55.5 


59.8 


4.31 


2.10 


.070 


.14 


.01 






July 1-8 


63.9 
64.0 
67.7 
64.2 


67.0 
66.5 
69.2 
64.9 


.81 
.90 
.55 

4.47 


.70 
.80 
.64 

.18 


.088 
.100 
.080 
.026 


.17 
.19 
.11 
.05 


.02 


July 9-16 


.01 


July 17-24 


.03 


July 25-31 


.00 






Mean, 1-31 


65.0 


66.9 


6.73 


2.32 


.075 


.19 


.00 






Aug. 1-8 


65.0 
65.5 
64.6 
63.0 


67.3 
66.9 
66.5 
63.3 


• .53 

2.18 

.20 

.36 


.69 
.80 
.95 

.72 


.086 
.100 
.119 
.103 


.14 
.20 
.19 
.15 


.02 


Aug. 9-16 


.00 


Aug. 17-24 


.05 


Aug. 25-31 


.07 






Mean, 1-31 


64.5 


66.0 


3.27 


3.16 


.102 


.20 


.00 






Sept. 1-8 


60.2 
59.6 

59.5 
55.9 


61.2 
61.0 
61.0 
56.9 


!73 
1.42 

.87 


.48 
.49 
.67 
.39 


.060 
.070 
.084 
.056 


.10 
.14 
.16 
.08 


.02 


Sept. 9-15 


.02 


Sept 16-23 


.04 


Sept. 24-30 


.02 






Mean, 1-30 


58.8 


60.0 


4.00 


2.03 


.068 


.16 


.02 







EVAPOKATION. 117 

Evaporation of Soldier Pond at Soldier Pond, 1905-1908— Contmued. 



Period. 


Average tempera- 
ture of water in 
degrees F. 


Total 
precipi- 
tation in 
inches. 


Evaporation in inches 






Outside 
pan. 


In pan. 


Total. 


Average. 


Maxi- 
mum. 


Mini- 
mum. 


1907. 
Oct. 1-8 


50.6 
49.0 
47.2 
43.4 


50.7 
48.8 
45.8 
42.5 


2.26 
.37 
.01 

1.82 


0.53 

.57 
.67 
.29 


0.066 
.071 
.084 
.041 


0.09 
.10 
.10 
.10 


0.01 


Oct. 9-16 


.02 


Oct. 17-24 


.06 


Oct. 25-31 


.00 






Mean, 1-31 


47.6 


47.0 


4.46 


2.06 


.066 


.10 




.00 






Nov. 1-8 


40.6 
40.0 


39.9 

38.7 


1.03 
.25 


.34 
.13 


.042 
.019 


.07 
.04 


.00 


Nov. 9-15 


.00 






Mean, 1-15 


40.3 


39.3 


1.28 


.47 


.031 


.07 


.00 






1908. 
May 12-16 


40.2 
43.7 
45.9 


45.8 
51.1 
48.9 


.28 
.09 
1.80 


.22 
.41 
.23 


.044 
.051 
.033 


.08 
.06 
.05 


.00 


May 17-24 


.03 


May 25-31 


.02 






Mean, 12-31 


43.3 


48.6 


2.17 


a.m 


a. 043 


.08 


.00 






June 1-8 


49.6 
59.5 
63.5 
70.1 


53.6 
64.5 
66.9 
72.6 


.15 

.08 

2.34 

.11 


.53 
.62 

!80 


.066 
.088 
.085 
.114 


.11 
.14 
.19 
.19 


.02 


June 9-15 .. 


.02 


June 16-23 


.02 


June24r-30 


.03 






Mean, 1-30 


60.7 


64.4 


2.68 


2.63 


.088 


.19 


.02 






July 1-8 


79.0 
75.6 
75.0 
67.2 


80.6 
77.8 
77.3 
79.5 


1.05 


1.00 
1.61 
1.07 
1.01 


.125 
.202 
.134 
.144 


.18 
.26 
.18 
.20 


.07 


July 9-16 


.15 


July 17-24 


.44 
.20 


.04 


July 25-31.. 


.10 






Mean, 1-31. 


74.2 


78.8 


1.69 


4.69 


.151 


.26 


.04 






Aug. 1-8 


72.9 
74.0 
68.0 
66.5 


74.8 
75.9 
69.0 
68.5 


1.52 
1.15 
1.10 


1.33 
1.17 
1.08 
1.06 


.166 
.146 
.135 
.152 


.28 
.22 
.18 
.17 


.05 


Aug. 9-16 


.08 


Aug. 17-24 


.08 


Aug 25-31 


.14 








Mean, 1-31 


70.4 


72.0 


3.77 


4.64 


.150 


.28 


.05 






Sept. 1-8 

Sept. 9-15 


65.7 
66.9 
64.4 
65.7 


67.0 
68.8 
67.0 
68.3 


.12 


.98 
1.05 

.84 
.79 


.122 
.150 
.105 
.113 


.18 
.22 
.16 
.19 


.07 
.09 


Sept. 16-23 


.12 
.16 


.07 


Sept. 24-30 


.02 






Mean, 1-30 


65.7 


67.8 


.40 


3.66 


.122 


.22 


.02 






Oct. 1-8 


57.8 
56.3 
54.1 
49.0 


59.8 
57.7 
56.1 
50.4 


1.20 
.32 


1.06 
.75 
.83 
.33 


.132 
.094 
.104 
.047 


.16 

.14 
.17 
.09 


.09 


Oct. 9-16 


.04 


Oct. 17-24 


.07 


Oct. 25-31.. 


.40 


.02 






Mean, 1-31 


54.3 


56.0 


1.92 


2.97 


.096 


.17 


.02 






Nov. 1-7 


35.7 


36.6 


.32 


.21 


.030 


.05 


.02 







a 20 days. 



118 WATER RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE; 

Evaporation of Ferguson Lake at Millinocket, 1905-1907. 





Aver- 
age 
tem- 
pera- 
ture of 
air in 
degrees 


Temperature of 
water, degrees F. 


Aver- 
age 
rela- 
tive 

humid- 
ity 
(per 

cent). 


Aver- 
age 
ane- 
mom- 
eter 
reading 
(miles 
daily). 


Total 
precipi- 
tation 

in 
inches. 


Evaporation in inches. 


Period . 


Out- 
side 
pan. 


In pan. 


Total. 


Aver- 
age. 


Maxi- 
mum. 


Mini- 
mum. 


1905. 
July 1-8 


70.4 
74.5 
64.9 
64.5 


70.8 
72.9 
72.0 
69.9 


72.0 
73.3 
71.5 
69.6 


67.7 
69.6 
65.4 


140 
144 
114 
113 


1.16 
.07 
.44 

1.44 


1.01 
1.50 
1.82 
1.22 


0.126 

.188 
.228 
.175 


0.09 
.37 
.37 
.25 


0.02 


July 9-16 


04 


July 17-24 


.11 


July 25-31 


.10 






Mean, 1-31.... 


68.6 


71.4 


71.6 


68.0 


128 


3.11 


5.55 


.179 


.37 


.02 


Aug. 1-8 


67.9 
67.6 
62.7 
56.5 


69.3 
70.7 
68.8 
66.4 


69.1 
70.6 
68.5 
65.9 


67.8 
69.0 
69.8 
67.0 


113 
115 
114 
101 


.19 

1.54 

.27 

.03 


1.27 
1.56 
1.59 
1.38 


.159 
.195 
.199 
.197 


.28 
.41 
.26 
.24 


.08 


Aug. 9-16 


08 


Aug. 17-24 

Aug. 25-31 . 


.10 
.13 






Mean, 1-31 .... 


63.7 


68.8 


68.5 


68.4 


111 


2.03 


5.80 


.187 


.41 


.08 


Sept. 1-8 


59.4 
56.6 
58.6 
46.9 


64.5 
64.0 
60.8 
56.0 


64.0 
64.1 
60.6 
55.1 


82.1 
73.7 

82.2 
72.7 


80.8 
122 
130 
130 


2.40 
..36 
.62 
.16 


.70 
1.00 

.60 
1.02 


.088 
.143 
.075 
.146 


.24 
.22 
!l9 

.28 


.00 


Sept. 9-15 


.07 


Sept. 16-23 


.00 


Sept. 24-30 


06 






Mean, 1-30.... 


55.4 


61.3 


61.0 


77.7 


116 


3.54 


3.32 


.111 


.28 


.00 


Oct 1-8 


52.6 
47.1 
42.1 
32.8 


54.9 
51.9 
48.0 
43.0 


54.6 
51.2 
47.9 
40.8 


66.5 
70.5 
68.6 
64.1 


128 
160 
160 
85.0 


.02 
.63 
.90 
.00 


.92 
.69 
.74 
.59 


.115 
.086 
.092 
.084 


.20 
.15 
.18 
.16 


.06 


Oct. 9-16 


.00 


Oct. 17-24 


.04 


Oct. 25-31 


.05 






Mean, 1-31 .... 


43.6 


49.4 


48.6 


67.4 


133 


1.55 


2.94 


.095 


.20 


.00 


Nov. 1-8 


33.5 
28.9 


39.1 
37.1 


38.6 
35.6 


84.8 
83.4 


124 
139 


2.12 
"""■.08" 


.30 
.24 
.355 


.038 
.034 
.044 


.11 
.07 
.12 


.00 


Nov. 9-15 


.01 


Nov 20-27 


— .005 
















Dec 15-20 














.08 
.12 


.013 
.024 


.03 
.03 


.00 


Dec. 23-27. ... 












.01 


.02 
















1906. 
Feb 13-16 












1.00 

2.29 


.11 
.21 


.028 
.026 


.07 
.06 


.00 


Feb.27-Mar.6. . .. 












.01 
















Mar. 7-15 












1.83 
2.07 


.29 
.36 


.032 
.036 


.06 
.07 


.01 


Mar. 16-'>5 












— .04 
















July 1-8 


65.8 
69.4 
70.4 
69.6 


65.4 
67.3 
70.9 
71.3 


66.4 
67.6 
71.2 
71.3 


56.8 
76.8 
78.9 
68.9 


100 

83.7 
114 

95 


.34 
1.49 
1.53 

.33 


1.49 

.93 

1.15 

1.23 


.186 
.116 
.144 
.176 


.22 
.17 
.27 
.24 


.14 


July 9-16 


.02 


July 17-24 


.04 


July 25-31 


.11 






Mean, 1-31 .... 


68.8 


68.7 


69.1 


70.3 


98.2 


3.69 


4.80 


.155 


.27 


.02 


Aug 1-8 


71.8 
65.6 
73.8 
63.6 


72.2 
71.4 
70.8 


72.3 
70.6 
71.3 
69.0 


68.0 
65.8 
70.0 
75.6 


91.2 
127 

93.2 
121 


.01 
.40 

.58 
.91 


1.43 
2.10 
1.19 
1.19 


.179 
.262 
.149 
.170 


.26 
.41 
.22 

.27 


.06 


Aug. 9-16. . 


.12 


Aug 17-24 


.04 


Aug. 25-31 . - 


.09 






Mean, 1-31.... 


68.7 


71.0 


70.8 


69.8 


108 


1.90 


5.91 


.191 


.41 


.04 


Sept. 1-8 


56.4 
60.9 
59.4 
52.1 


62.6 
62.6 

62.2 
58.1 


61.9 
61.9 
61.2 
56.8 


76.6 
84.5 
88.9 
76.5 


146 
121 

88.8 


1.50 
.64 
.40 
.54 


1.61 
1.23 
1.11 

.55 


.201 
.154 
.139 
.092 


.39 
.32 
.22 
.15 


.07 


Sept. 9-16 


.05 


Sept. 17-24 


.03 


Sept. 25-30 


.02 






Mean, 1-30 


57.2 


61.4 


60.4 


81.6 




3.08 


4.50 


.150 


.39 


.02 


Oct. 1-8 


52.2 
47.6 
45.0 
42.2 


56.7 
51.0 
50.4 
47.9 


55.0 
49.4 
49.2 
46.4 


89.3 
89.4 
86.0 
86.3 


""l05'"" 
69.8 
1.36 


1.00 
3.20 
1.05 
1.90 


a. 47 

a. 53 

.47 

.35 


«.094 

a. 106 

.059 

.050 


.14 
.19 
.09 
.09 


.05 


Oct. 9-16 


.05 


Oct. 17-24. 


.01 


Oct. 25-31 


.02 






Mean, 1-31 


46.7 


51.5 


50.0 


87.8 




7.15 


61.82 


.073 


.19 


.01 



'' 5 days. 



1 25 days. 



E V APOK ATIO N . 119 

Evaporation of Ferguson Lake at Millinocket, 1905-1907 — Continued. 



Period. 



1906. 

Nov. 1-8 

Nov. 9-16 

Nov. 17-24 

Nov. 25-30 

1907. 

May 1-8 

May 9-16 

May 17-24 

May 25-31 

Mean, 1-31 

June 1-8 

June 9-15 

June 16-23 

June 24-30 

Mean, 1-30 

July 1-8 

July 9-16 

July 17-24 

July 25-31 

Mean, 1-31 

Aug. 1-8 

Aug. 9-16 

Aug. 17-24 

Aug. 26-31 

Mean, 1-31 

Sept. 1-8 

Sept. 9-15 

Sept. 16-23 

Sept. 24-30 

Mean, 1-30 

Oct. 1-8 

Oct. 9-16 

Oct. 17-24 

Oct. 25-31 

Mean, 1-31 
a 4 days. 



Aver- 
age 
tem- 
pera- 
ture of 
air in 
degrees 
F. 



36.7 
32.2 
35.8 
24.5 



43.8 
49.8 
53.2 
49.6 



49.1 



56.0 

58.9 
69.0 
68.8 



63.2 



68.2 
68.8 
74.0 
64.8 



).0 



67.4 
70.5 
65.5 
61.0 



60.2 
58.5 
52.6 



58.0 



49.2 
46.1 
41.1 
39.4 



44.0 



Temperature of 
water, degrees F. 



Out- 
side 
pan. 



40.5 
36.7 
35.2 
33.1 



40.0 
42.2 
48.5 
47.9 



44. 



50.9 
54.0 
60.0 
64.3 



57.3 



64.1 
65.3 
68.5 
65.4 



65.1 



66.8 
67.8 
66.2 
63.5 



61.1 

57.2 



60.7 



53.0 
49.8 
46.3 
41.6 



47.7 



In pan. 



39.4 
35.8 
34.5 
32.1 



40.2 
42.6 
49.1 
48.5 



45.1 



51.5 
54.3 
60.6 
64.9 



57.8 



64.5 
65.5 

65! 9 



66.9 
68.3 
65.6 
63.0 



66.0 



61.4 
62.0 
60.5 
55.2 



59.8 



51.6 
48.2 
44.3 
40.5 



Aver- 
age 

rela- 
tive 

humid- 
ity 
(per 

cent). 



71.6 
83.3 
74.4 
79.6 



Aver- 
age 
ane- 
mom- 
eter 
reading 
(miles 
daily). 



152 
153 



74.3 
68.0 
70.8 
78.1 



72.8 



76.5 
80.0 

87.4 
85.5 



82.4 



90.6 

89.7 
84.8 
93.8 



95.0 



90.5 
95.7 



92.8 



91.0 
71.2 

81.7 
72.6 



82.7 
78.6 
62.0 
73.5 



74.2 



133 
161 
174 
144 



153 



79. 
110 



33.6 



74. i 



28.7 
67.1 

117 

102 



78.7 



143 

126 
171 



132 



80.5 
106 

90 
116 



122 
78.6 
136 
136 



118 



Total 
pi-efipi- 

tation 

in 
inches. 



1.41 

1.59 

.23 



.58 
.04 
.73 
1.01 



2.36 



.45 

.37 

.02 

4.76 



5.60 



1.16 

1.09 

.95 

1.47 



4.67 



2.91 
.15 
.22 
.76 



4.04 



2.58 



.05 
1.94 



5.16 



.93 
1.37 



Evaporation in inches. 



Total. 



0.61 

.31 

0.10 



6.31 

C.57 

d.51 

.76 



«2.15 



Aver- 
age. 



0.076 

.039 

a. 025 



b.C62 

C.081 

d.085 

.109 



2.85 



.85 
1.19 
1.28 



3.94 



.85 
1.69 
1.46 
1.39 



5.39 



.94 

.74 

1.16 



3.72 



.079 
.110 
.105 

.087 



,095 



,106 
,149 
,160 
,089 



.127 



.106 
.211 
,182 



118 
106 
145 
126 



124 



.112 
.095 
.112 
.060 



,096 



Maxi- 
mum. 



0.13 



,20 



.20 



25 



28 



.27 



Mini- 
mum. 



0.00 
.02 
.02 



.04 



,00 



,04 



.00 



.02 



b 5 days. 



: 7 days. 



d 6 days. 



25 days. 



120 WATER RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Evaporation of Androscoggin River at Lewiston, 1905-1907. 



Period. 


Aver- 
age 
tem- 
pera- 
ture of 
air in 
degrees 


Average tem- 
perature of wa- 
ter, degrees F. 


Aver- 

rela- 

tive 
humid- 

ity 

(per 
cent). 


Aver- 
age 
ane- 
mom- 
eter 
reading 
(mUes 
daily). 


Total 
precipi- 
tation 

in 
inches. 


Evaporation in inches. 


Out- 
side 
pan. 


In pan. 


Total. 


Aver- 
age. 


Maxi- 
mum. 


Mini- 
mum. 


1905. 
July 1-8 


66.5 
72.2 
67.5 
63.8 


69.9 
78.1 
76.4 
72.0 


70.4 
78.1 
76.2 
71.9 


64.9 
68.4 


66.8 
62.6 
49.8 
67.0 


0.64 
.11 
.59 

2.95 


0.96 
1.88 
2.09 
1.06 


0.120 
.235 
.261 
.151 


0.21 
.37 
.33 
.23 


0.01 


July 9-16 


.12 


July 17-24 


.16 


July 25-31 


.02 






Mean 1-31 


67.5 


74.1 


74.2 


67.0 


61.6 


4.29 


5.99 


.193 


.37 


.01 


Aug. 1-8 

Aug. 9-16 


68.4 
70.8 
65.2 
63.5 


67.0 
74.6 
69.3 
68.9 


67.6 
74.3 
69.3 

68.6 


69.9 
71.5 
67.0 
65.4 


47.0 
49.2 
42.8 
49.7 


.72 
1.16 

""".'19' 


.82 
1.20 
1.16 
1.14 


.102 
.150 
.145 
.163 


.14 
.29 
.18 
.20 


.02 
.07 


Aug. 17-24 


.10 


Aug. 25-31 


.07 






Mean 1-31..... 


67.0 


70.0 


70.0 


68.4 


47.2 


2.07 


4.32 


.139 


.29 


.02 


Sept. 1-8 


62.2 
61.2 
60.6 
51.9 


64.4 
64.1 
60.1 
57.2 


64.5 
64.1 
60.0 
56.9 


79.0 
71.1 

78.8 
66.3 


41.9 

68.7 
39.6 
87.0 


3.28 
.94 

1.26 
.02 


.54 

.94 

.52 

1.02 


.068 
.134 
.065 
.146 


.15 
.31 
.13 
.28 


.00 


Sept. 9-15 


.05 


Sept. 16-23 

Sept. 24-30 


.00 
.05 






Mean 1-30 


59.0 


62.4 


61.4 


73.8 


59.3 


5.50 


3.02 


.101 


.31 


.00 


Oct. 1-8 


58.2 
52.6 
48.6 
38.6 


57.4 
54.2 
50.3 
43.3 


57.6 
54.1 
50.2 
43.0 


65.7 
62.7 
61.6 
54.4 


74.7 
87.6 
75.0 
58.4 


.04 
.75 
.23 
T. 


.83 

.76 
.56 
.39 


.104 
.095 
.070 
.056 


.28 
.16 
.14 
.09 


.02 


Oct. 9-16 


.01 


Oct. 17-24 


- .01 


Oct. 25-31 


.02 






Mean 1-31 


49.5 


51.3 


51.2 


61.1 


73.9 


1.02 


2.54 


.082 


.28 


- .01 


Nov. 1-8 


38.0 
33.4 
34.8 
34.8 
36.9 


38.7 
35.4 
33.4 


38.4 
34.9 
33.4 


78.6 
69.0 
69.9 
39.3 
59.5 


83.4 
80.9 

122 
66.2 

114 


2.41 
.10 
.49 

'"'".'94" 


.25 

0.13 

.02 

.51 

c.lO 


.031 
a. 021 


.12 

.04 


.00 


Nov. 9-15 


.00 


Nov. 16-18 




Nov. 19-24. 


.085 


.15 


.03 


Nov 25-30 b 




















Dec 4-12 


27.2 
22.2 
28.0 






66.8 
61.2 
65.2 


88.7 
42.8 
43.2 


.73 
.05 
.06 


.25 
.12 
.12 


.028 
.015 
.024 


.08 
.03 
.05 


.00 


Dec. 13-20 . 






.01 


Dec 23-27 






.01 










Mean 1-31 


27.2 






67.3 


63.4 


3.65 


d.eo 


d.025 


.09 


.00 










1906. 
Jan. 4-9 


24.3 

28.8 
28.3 
29.7 






65.8 
77 

38.0 
59.5 


78.0 
75 

81.3 
74.9 


;27 

.24 
.34 


.24 
.16 
.16 
.23 


.040 
.053 
.053 
.029 


.09 
.08 
.11 
.07 


.01 


Jan. 12-14 






.04 


Jan. 17-19 






.02 


Jan 24-31 






.00 










Mean 1-31 


27.3 






67.7 


72.1 


3.15 


e.90 


.041 


.11 


.00 










Feb. 1-8 


20.0 
20.1 
26.2 
31.7 






69.2 

75.7 
67.0 
58.7 


97.8 
72.6 
65.3 
136 


.09 

1.13 

.12 

.25 


.22 

.10 

.30 

/.43 


.028 

.014 

.043 

/.086 


.05 
.04 
.11 
.13 


.00 


Feb. 9-15 






- .01 


Feb. 16-22 






.01 


Feb. 23-28 






.02 










Mean 1-28 .... 


24.5 






67.6 


92.9 


1.59 


^1.05 


g.039 


.13 


— .01 










Mar. 1-8 


25.0 
22.0 
22.4 
31.1 






52.3 
63.7 
59.0 
54.1 


103 
137 
103 
77.6 


1.31 
.58 
.99 

.45 


.36 

.49 

.53 

/.49 


.045 

.070 

.088 

/.098 


.09 
.12 
.16 
.18 


.01 


Mar. 11-17 






- .02 


Mar. 18-23 






.01 


Mar. 24-31 






.01 










Mean 1-31 


26.1 






58.5 


116 


4.51 


A 1.87 


A. 072 


.18 


— .02 











a 6 days. 

b Evaporation from water, Nov. 1-18; evaporation from ice, Nov. 19-30. 

c 1 day. 

d 24 days. 

e 22 days. 

/ 5 days. 

g 27 days. 

h 26 days. 



EVAPORATION. 121 

JEvaporation of Androscoggin River at Lewiston, 1905-1907- — Continued. 



Period. 


Aver- 
age 
tem- 
pera- 
ture of 
air in 
degrees 


Average tem- 
perature of wa- 
ter, degrees F. 


Aver- 

rela- 

tive 
humid- 

ity 

(per 
cent). 


Aver- 
age 
ane- 
mom- 
eter 
reading 
(miles 
daUy). 


Total 
precipi- 
tation 

in 
inches. 


Evaporation in inches. 


Out- 
side 
pan. 


In pan. 


Total. 


Aver- 
age. 


Maxi- 
mum. 


Mini- 
mum. 


1906. 
Apr. 1-8 


36.5 
41.5 
47.9 
44.7 






32.4 
63.6 
46.1 
71.9 


84.2 
73.7 
89.0 
98.3 


0.05 

2.36 

.03 

.48 


0.87 

a .38 

51.24 

.41 


0.109 
a. 127 

&.177 
.059 


0.18 
.16 
.26 
.13 


0.04 


Apr. 9-15 






.10 


Apr. 16-23 






.11 


Apr. 24-30 


41.9 


43.6 


.00 






Mean 1-30 


42.6 






52.5 


86.3 


2.92 


C2.90 


C.116 


.26 


.00 










May 1-8 


50.1 
50.4 
58.7 
52.9 


45.9 
47.2 
55.5 
56.3 


46.9 
47.9 
56.4 
56.6 


68.9 
62.2 
64.6 
73.6 


86.0 
87.6 
92.8 
84.9 


.28 

.28 

.24 

3.33 


.28 
.49 
.95 
.42 


.035 
.061 
.119 
.060 


.08 
.11 
.22 
.15 


.00 


May 9-16 ... 


.02 


May 17-24 


.03 


May 25-31 . 


.00 






Mean 1-31 


53.0 


51.2 


52.0 


67.3 


87.9 


4.13 


2.14 


.069 


.22 


.00 


June 1-8 ; . 


62.1 
64.6 
62.6 
68.6 


59.3 
62.2 
65.8 
67.1 


60.1 
63.4 
66.0 
67.7 


74.4 
56.2 

"'65.'4" 


65.2 
100 
71.1 
56.5 


1.07 

.03 

4.46 

2.11 


.40 
1.13 

.86 
.47 


.050 
.161 
.108 
.067 


.10 
.29 
.19 
.12 


.00 


June 9-15 


.05 


June 16-23.. 


.06 


June 24-30 


.01 






Mean 1-30 


64.3 


63.5 


64.2 


66.2 


73.5 


7.67 


2.86 


.095 


.29 


.00 


July 1-8 


67.8 
71.6 
74.6 
71.8 


70.9 
72.8 
76.7 
75.2 


71.4 
73.2 
76.7 
75.4 


62.5 
72.3 
73.7 
70.9 


"■■68.'2' 


1.18 

1.29 

2.44 

.59 


1.26 
1.07 
1.32 
1.14 


.158 
.134 
.165 
.163 


.23 
.22 
.25 
.24 


.01 


July 9-16 .. 


.07 


July 17-24 


.07 


July 25-31 


.05 






Mean 1-31 


69.2 


71.6 


71.8 


67.7 




5.50 


4.79 


.154 


.25 


.01 


Aug. 1-8.. 


73.7 

72'. 6 
68.2 


76.4 
76.5 
77.2 
74.3 


76.6 
76.3 
77.5 
74.1 


72.6 
60.4 
70.1 
69.8 


62.0 
87.0 
60.0 
94.0 


.07 
.30 
.29 
.15 


1.29 
2.04 
1.30 
1.33 


.161 
.255 
.162 
.190 


.20 
.34 
.36 
.29 


.14 


Aug. 9-16 


.16 


Aug. 17-24 


07 


Aug. 25-31 


.10 






Mean 1-31 


71.0 


76.1 


76.1 


68.2 


75.8 


.81 


5.96 


.192 


.36 


.07 


Sept. 1-8 


62.0 
63.8 
63.5 
55.6 


66.8 
67.5 
67.0 
61.3 


66.4 
67.5 
66.8 
61.4 


66.0 
63.5 
67.8 
65.3 


99.3 
85.9 
75.6 
87.3 


.05 
.41 
.24 
.26 


1.58 

1.11 

1.14 

.90 


.198 
.139 
.142 
.150 


.39 
.25 
.33 
.22 


.10 


Sept. 9-16 


04 


Sept. 17-24.. 


.05 


Sept. 25-30 


.08 






Mean 1-30 


61.2 


65.6 


65.5 


65.6 


87.0 


.96 


4.73 


.158 


.39 


.04 


Oct. 1-8 


54.5 
47.9 
50.0 
38.4 


58.2 
52.5 
51.6 
42.8 


58.6 
52.2 
51.4 
42.5 


66.1 
75.3 
81.1 
79.9 


78.1 
81.3 
53.5 
46.1 


.54 
1.85 

.59 
1.99 


.92 
.64 
.33 
.41 


.115 
.080 
.041 
.059 


.16 
.13 
.07 
.12 


.03 


Oct. 9-16. . . 


00 


Oct. 17-24 


.00 


Oct. 25-31.. 


00 






Mean 1-31 


47.7 


51.3 


51.2 


75.7 


64.8 


4.97 


2.30 


.074 


.16 


.00 


Nov. 1-8 


40.4 
32.8 
38.0 
30.6 


40.9 
37.1 


40.6 
36.7 


52.6 
74.9 
61.5 
87.9 


158 
85.5 
82.2 
77.3 


.47 

2.28 

.19 

.44 


.62 
.09 


.078 
.011 


.12 
.03 


00 


Nov. 9-16 


.00 


Nov. 17-24 




Nov. 25-30 




























Mean 1-30 . . . 


35.4 

15.3 
14.0 
20.2 
25.0 






69.2 


101 


3.38 
























Dec. 1-8 




65.8 
74.0 
77.6 
78.6 


147 
59.3 

77.2 
67.3 


.76 

.96 

.98 

1.20 


d.04 
C.08 
/.08 
^.08 








Dec. 9-16 






e 013 
/.020 
9 .027 


.03 
.04 
.04 


00 


Dec. 17-24 






.01 


Dec. 25-31 






00 










Mean 1-31 


18.6 






74.0 


87.7 


3.90 


^.28 


9.020 
















1907. 
Jaa.1-8 


30.5 
15.0 
9.9 
11.1 






68.7 
70.7 
69.0 

68.7 


68.8 
108 
100 

66.1 


.77 
.44 
.92 
.32 


/.13 

ft. 16 

A. 08 

.10 


f .032 

ft. 032 

ft. 016 

.014 


.06 
.06 
.04 
.03 


01 


Jan. 9-16 






01 


Jan. 17-24 






00 


Jan. 25-31 






00 










Mean 1-31 


16.6 






69.3 


85.7 


2.45 


i.47 


*.022 


.06 


.00 










a 3 days. 
6 7 days. 


c2 
dl 


5 days, 
day. 




c6day 
/4da3 


s. 


91 
AS 


4 days, 
days. 




i 21 daj 


rs. 



122 WATEB EESOITKCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Evaporation of Androscoggin River at Lewiston, 1905-1907— Continued. 



Period. 


Aver- 
age 
tem- 
pera- 
ture of 
air in 
degrees 


Average tem- 
perature of wa- 
ter, degrees F. 


Aver- 

rela- 
tive 

humid- 
ity 
(per 

cent). 


Aver- 
age 
ane- 
mom- 
eter 
reading 
(miles 
daily). 


Total 
precipi- 
tation 

in 
inches. 


Evaporation in inches. 


Out- 
side 
pan. 


In pan. 


Total. 


Aver- 
age. 


Maxi- 
mum. 


Mini- 
mum. 


1907. 
Feb. 1 8 


14.7 
18.1 
15.2 
11.6 






70.0 
68.6 
66.9 
59.2 


99.0 
86.0 

118 

141 


0.76 
.23 
.55 
.75 


0.14 

a. 19 

a. 23 

.13 


0.018 

<x.027 

a. 033 

.032 


0.04 
.05 
.08 
.05 


0.00 


Feb 9 16 






01 


Feb. 17-24 






.01 


Feb 25-28 




• 


,02 










Mean 1-28 


14.9 






66.2 


111 


2.29 


6.69 


.026 


.08 


.00 










Mar. 1-8 


18.8 
26.0 
33.1 
37.2 






66.0 
62.8 
52.6 
56.0 


61.7 
61.1 
105 
38.3 


.43 
.52 

1.88 
.18 


.22 

.24 

C.20 


.028 

.030 

c.lO 


.06 
.07 
.11 


.00 


Mar 9-16 






00 


Mar. 17-24 






.09 


Mar. 25-31 






















Mean 1-31 


28.8 






59.4 


66.5 


3.01 


d.66 


.037 


.11 


.00 










Apr. 1-8 


34.8 
37.7 
42.5 
46.4 






61.0 
60.8 
43.6 
81.0 


92.5 
114 
119 

91.0 


1.11 
3.25 


.25 
e.lO 


.032 
«.02 


.06 
.06 


.00 


Apr. 9-15 

Apr. 1&-23 






.00 








Apr. 24-30 






1.33 
























Mean 1-30 


40.4 






61.6 


104 


5.69 
























May 1-8 


48.6 
52.3 
52.4 
49.9 






64.3 
58.1 
51.4 
62.8 


92.5 
100 
111 
121 


.43 
.29 

.87 
.43 










May 9-16 


47.7 
50.8 
51.3 


48.3 
51.5 

47.4 


.68 
.78 
.76 


.085 
.098 
.109 


.13 
.22 
.17 


.01 


May 17-24 


.03 


May 25-31 


.00 






Mean 1-31 


50.8 


/49.9 


/49.1 


59.2 


106 


2.02 


9 2.22 


9.096 


.22 


.00 


June 1-8 . . . 


55.1 

58.6 
70.8 
72.8 


56.4 
59.8 
69.8 
73.5 


56.8 
60.3 
70.1 
73.3 


72.5 
60.1 
68.7 
70.8 


77.5 
84.0 
74.6 
85.4 


1.86 
.05 
.04 

2.78 


.62 

.91 

1.17 

1.10 


.078 
.130 
.140 
.157 


.12 
.17 
.22 
.28 


.02 


June 9-15 


07 


June 16-23 


.07 


June 24-30 


04 






Mean 1-30 


64.3 


64.9 


65.1 


68.0 


80.4 


4.73 


3.80 


.127 


.28 


.02 


July 1-8 


69.3 
67.7 
74.0 
68.0 


69.3 
72.0 
76.8 
70.9 


70.1 
72.2 
77.0 
70.9 


67.8 
67.4 
65.9 
74.4 


63.3 
91.4 
81.3 
87.3 


.18 

.61 

.73 

1.09 


1.01 
1.51 
1.53 
1.03 


.126 
.189 
.192 
.147 


.19 
.33 
.31 
.30 


.07 


July 9-16 


.06 


July 17-24 

July 25-31 


.07 
.05 






Mean 1-31 


69.8 


72.2 


72.6 


68.9 


80.8 


2.61 


5.08 


.164 


.33 


.05 


Aug. 1-8 


67.7 
70.9 
65.5 
62.5 


71.1 
73.6 
70.3 
68.2 


70.9 
73.9 
70.3 
68.2 


74.5 
59.3 
68.0 
58.2 


71.9 
85.5 
81.1 
103 


1.87 

'" ".32' 
.29 


.85 
1.71 
1.25 
1.38 


.106 
.214 
.156 
.197 


.18 
.41 
.20 
.23 


.03 


Aug. 9-16 


.12 


Aug. 17-24 . . 


.02 


Aug. 25-31 


.10 






Mean 1-31 


66.6 


70.8 


70.8 


65.0 


85.4 


2.48 


5.19 


.168 


.41 


.02 


Sept. 1-8 


62.5 
64.4 
62.6 
53.1 


64.4 
65.1 
65.5 
60.2 


64.8 
65.5 
65.5 
60.0 


80.8 
78.7 
68.0 
72.2 


60.2 
70.9 
59.6 
100 


2.03 

.39 

1.01 

3.44 


.58 
.63 
.97 
.75 


.072 
.090 
.121 
.107 


.17 
.15 
.23 
.24 


.00 


Sept. 9-15 


.04 


Sept. 16-23 


.03 


Sept. 24-30 


.00 






Mean 1-30 


60.6 


03. 8 


64.0 


74.9 


72.7 


6.87 


2.93 


.098 


.24 


.00 


Oct. 1-8 


51.6 
49.4 
44.4 
40.4 


51.0 
49.0 
45.3 
41.1 


51.2 
49.1 
45.1 
41.3 


70.8 
65.0 
54.0 
64.2 


93.8 
68.2 

104 

132 


1.72 
.06 
.02 

1.83 


.45 
.61 
.64 
.40 


.056 
.076 
.080 
.057 


.10 
.17 
.17 
.12 


.00 


Oct. 9-16 


.04 


Oct. 17-24 


.02 


Oct. 25-31 


.00 






Mean 1-31 


46.4 


46.6 


46.7 


63.5 


99.5 


3. 63 


2.10 


.008 


.17 


.00 



a 7 days. 



b 26 days. 



c 2 days. 



d 18 days. 



e 5 days. / 4 days. 



g 23 days. 



EVAPORATTOH. 

Evaporation of Mooseloohmeguntic Lake at upper dam, 1905-1907. 



123 



Period. 


Aver- 
age 
tem- 
pera- 
ture of 
air in 
degrees 


Average tem- 
perature of wa- 
ter, degrees F. 


Aver- 

rela- 

tive 
humid- 

ity 

(per 
cent). 


Aver- 
age 
ane- 
mom- 
eter 
reading 
(rnUes 
daily). 


Total 
precipi- 
tation 

in 
inches. 


Evaporation in inches. 


Out- 
side 
pan. 


In pan. 


Total. 


Aver- 
age. 


Maxi- 
mum. 


Mini- 
mum. 


1905. 
Aug. 19-24 




66.9 
65.4 


65.8 
64.1 








0.92 
.94 


0.153 
.134 


0.18 
.20 


0.12 


Aug. 25-31 








0.71 


.10 












Mean 19-31 




66.2 


65.0 






.71 


1.86 


.143 


.20 


.10 












Sept. 1-8 




63.8 
62.8 
61.4 
54.6 


62.7 
60.6 
59.6 
51.9 






.58 

.42 

2.51 


0.63 

a. 68 

6.49 

.71 


a . 126 

a. 136 

b .082 

.101 


.15 
.23 

.14 
.18 


.11 


Sept. 9-15 








09 


Sept. 16-23 








.03 


Sept 24-30 








.04 














Mean 1-30 . . . 




60.6 


58.7 






3.51 


C2.51 


C.109 


.23 


.03 












Oct. 1-8 




56.1 
51.4 
49.0 
45.1 


54.6 
50.0 
46.2 
41.2 


1 




.87 
.51 
.64 
.54 


.109 
.064 
.080 
.077 


.17 
.11 
.18 
.09 


.05 


Oct. 9-16... 




! 


.45 
.34 


.05 


Oct. 17-24 






.00 


Oct. 25-31 




.... 


06 






1 i 




Mean 1-31 




50.4 


48.0 






.79 


2.56 


.083 


.18 


00 












1906. 
May 20-24 


54.0 
52.7 


45. 6 
47.6 


46.3 

48.1 


57.1 
66.8 


86.0 
116.0 


"i.'92" 


.24 
.37 


.048 
.053 


.09 
.15 


.02 


May 25-31 


00 






Mean 20-31 


53.4 


46.6 


47.2 


62.0 


101.0 


1.92 


.61 


.051 


.15 


.00 


June 1-8 


57.9 
58.7 
63.5 
63.3 


50.4 
55.4 
62.1 
62.3 


51.2 
56.4 
62.5 
62.7 


78.9 
65.6 
78.6 
72.4 


71.8 
136.0 
120.0 
110.0 


1.00 
.56 

1.99 
.28 


d.lO 
.30 
.30 
.40 


.050 
.038 
.038 
.067 


.07 
.13 
.14 
.13 


.03 


Jime9-16 


.03 


June 17-24 


.00 


June 25-30 


.06 






Mean 1-30 


60.9 


57.6 


58.2 


73.9 


110.0 


3.83 


«1.10 


«.039 


.14 


.00 


July 1-8 


62.1 
68.5 
68.9 
70.0 


65.2 
70.4 
70.3 
72.5 


64.9 
69.9 
69.9 
71.9 


67.4 
79.4 
80.2 
76.1 


83.5 
58.0 
84.0 
66.6 


.63 
1.16 

.75 

.77 


.80 
.80 
.95 
.73 


.100 
.100 
.119 
.104 


.15 

.17 
.24 
.17 


.00 


July 9-16 


.03 


July 17-24 


.03 


July 25-31 


.00 






Mean 1-31 


67.4 


69.6 


69.2 


75.8 


73.0 


3.31 


3.28 


.106 


.24 


.00 


Aug. 1-8 


77.6 
62.3 
70.3 
60.0 


74.2 
71.4 
70.6 
68.1 


73.9 
70.0 
70.8 
68.3 


77.6 
71.1 
70.4 
76.9 


42.2 
138.0 

65.2 
101.0 


.06 
.08 
.34 
.89 


1.15 
1.92 

.86 
1.17 


.144 
.240 
.108 
.167 


.19 
.32 
.21 
.31 


.08 


Aug. 9-16 


.15 


Aug. 17-24 


.07 


Aug. 25-31 


.03 






Mean 1-31 


67.6 


71.1 


70.8 


74.0 


86.6 


1.37 


5.10 


.164 


.32 


.03 


Sept. 1-8 


53.9 
62.5 
59.4 
49.9 


60.8 
63.9 
62.5 
58.2 


59.4 
63.4 
61.1 
57.6 


78.3 
78.0 
80.2 
76.6 


143.0 
84.0 
102.0 
118.0 


.71 
.48 
.53 
.66 


1.03 
.80 
.90 

.77 


.129 
.100 
.112 
.128 


.22 
.18 
.23 
.20 


.07 


Sept. 9-16 


.05 


Sept. 17-24 


.03 


Sept. 25-30 


.06 






Mean 1-30 


56.4 


61.3 


60.4 


78.3 


112.0 


2.38 


3.52 


.117 


.23 


.07 


Oct. 1-8 


49.3 
45.0 
51.0 
45.4 


56.5 
52.7 
51.1 
47.9 


55.6 
51.4 
50.6 
46.3 


82.8 
86.8 
81.7 
84.2 


132.0 
115.0 
82.0 
180.0 


.17 
1.25 

.64 
1.07 


.99 
.60 
.49 

.48 


.124 
.075 
.061 
.068 


.20 
.11 

.08 
.14 


.04 


Oct. 9-16 


.03 


Oct. 17-24 


.04 


Oct. 25-31. 


.02 






Mean 1-31..... 


47.7 


52.0 


51.0 


83.9 


127.0 


3.13 


2.56 


.083 


.20 


.02 


Nov. 1-8 


40.7 
38.6 


40.6 
■37.6 


38.3 
35.8 


71.1 
88.0 


159.0 
83.0 


.09 
.13 


.69 
.02 


.086 
.007 


.11 
.02 


.07 


Nov. 9-11 


.00 






Mean 1-11 


39.6 


39.1 


37.0 


79.5 


121.0 


.22 


.71 


/.064 


.11 


.00 


1907. 
June 8-15 . 




53.2 
61.1 
63.3 


54.1 
62.3 
64.0 




82.8 
92.4 
142.0 


.21 
1.22 
1.42 


.48 
.60 
.60 


.060 
.075 
.086 


.12 
.16 
.13 


.00 


June 16-23 




.00 


June 24-30 




.00 








Mean 8-30 




59.2 


60.2 




106.0 


2.85 


1.68 


.073 


.16 


.00 









o 5 days. 



6 6 days 



c 23 days. 



d 2 days. 



days. 



/ll 



124 WATER EESOURCES OE PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Evaporation of Mooseloohmeguntic Lake at upper dam, 1905-1907 — Continued , 



Period. 


Aver- 
age 
tem- 
pera- 
ture of 
air in 
degrees 


Average tem- 
perature of wa- 
ter, degrees F. 


Aver- 

rela- 

tive 
humid- 

ity 

(per 
cent). 


Aver- 
age 
ane- 
mom- 
eter 
reading 
(miles 
daily). 


Total 
precipi- 
tation 

in 
inches. 


Ev 


aporation in inches. 


Out- 
side 
pan. 


In pan. 


Total. 


Aver- 
age. 


Maxi- 
mum. 


Mmi- 
mum. 


1907. 
July 1-8 




64.5 
64.5 
67.1 
66.1 


64.6 
64.5 
67.4 
65.8 




88.5 
136.0 
122.0 
142.0 


0.87 
.81 
.73 

1.33 


0.85 
.67 
.90 
.85 


0.106 
.084 
.112 
.121 


0.17 
.15 
.20 
.20 


0.03 


July 9-16 




.04 


July 17-24 




.03 


July 25-31 




.04 








Mean 1-31 . . 




65.6 


65.6 




122.0 


3.74 


3.27 


.105 


.20 


.03 








Aug. 1-8 




65.3 
66.0 
64.9 
61.6 


65.0 
65.9 
64.3 
60.1 




89.0 
143.0 
116.0 
201.0 


1.00 
.00 
.00 
.42 


.74 
1.13 

.88 
1.07 


.092 
.141 
.110 
.153 


.15 
.26 
.22 
.24 


.02 


Aug. 9-16 




• .02 


Aug. 17-24 




.04 


Aug. 2&-31 




.09 








Mean 1-31 




64.4 


63.8 




137.0 


1.42 


3.82 


.123 


.26 


.02 








Sept. 1-8 


61.0 
63.7 
63.7 
49.6 


60.2 
61.4 
61.5 
55.8 


59.9 
61.1 
60.5 
54.2 


91.0 

87.4 
83.4 
83.8 


123.0 
114.0 
118.0 
191.0 


2.32 

.85 

.87 

1.17 


.42 
.41 
.82 
.49 


.052 
.059 
.102 
.070 


.12 
.11 
.16 
.15 


.00 


Sept. 9-15 


.00 


Sept. 16-23 


.04 


Sept. 24-30 


.00 






Mean 1-30 


59.5 


59.7 


58.9 


86.4 


136.0 


5.21 


2.14 


.071 


.16 


.00 


Oct. 1-8 


51.2 
45.8 
42.2 
40.2 


52.9 
49.9 
47.0 
44.2 


51.8 
48.7 
44.7 
42.3 


82.4 
86.0 
60.8 
79.7 


150.0 
123.0 
192.0 
169.0 


1.92 
.47 
.00 

1.31 


.55 
.63 
.84 
.24 


.069 
.079 
.105 
.048 


.13 
.14 
.17 
.10 


.00 


Oct. 9-16 


.04 


Oct 17-24 


.04 


Oct. 25-29 


.00 






Mean 1-29 a ... 


44.8 


48.5 


46.9 


77.2 


158.0 


3.70 


2.26 


.078 


.17 


.00 



a 30-31 missing. 
SUMMARY OF OBSERVATIONS. 



The following tables give a comparison of the weekly and monthly- 
evaporation at the four stations : 

Evaporation from water surface, in inches, for weekly periods, 1905-1908. 



Period. 



Soldier 
Pond. 



Millinocket. 



Lewiston. 



Mooselook- 

meguntic 

Lake. 



July 1-8.... 
July 9-16... 
July 17-24.. 
July 25-31.. 

Aug. 1-8... 
Aug. 9-16.. 
Aug. 17-24. 
Aug. 25-31. 



Sept. 1-8... 
Sept. 9-15.. 
Sept. 16-23. 
Sept. 24-30. 



Oct. 1-8... 
Oct. 9-16- . 
Oct. 17-24. 
Oct. 25-31. 

Nov. 1-8.. 
Nov. 9-15. 



1905. 



0.72 
1.38 
1.25 
.95 

1.36 
1.44 
1.35 
1.10 

.63 
.95 
.48 
.59 

.56 
.53 



1.01 
1.50 
1.82 
1.2? 

1.27 
1.56 
1.59 
1.38 

.70 
1.00 

.60 
1.02 

.92 
.69 

.74 



0.96 
1.88 
2.09 
1.06 



1.20 
1.16 
1.14 

.54 

.94 

.52 

1.02 

.83 
.76 
.56 
.39 

.25 
6.13 



0.94 
a. 63 



.87 
.51 
.64 
.54 



a 5 days. 



6 6 days. 



c Nov. 1-7. 



EVAPORATION. 125 

Evaporation from water surface, in inches, for weekly periods, 1905-1908 — Continued. 



Period. 



Soldier 
I'ond. 




Mooselook- 

megnntic 

Lake. 



Feb. 1-8... 
Feb. 9-16- . 
Feb. 17-24. 
Feb. 25-28. 



Mar. 1-8... 
Mar. 9-16. . 
Mar. 17-24. 
Mar. 25-31- 



Apr. 1-8... 
Apr. 9-15.. 
Apr. 16-23. 
Apr. 24-30. 



May 1-8... 
May 9-16.. 
May 17-24. 
May 25-31. 



June 1-8... 
June 9-15.. 
June 16-23. 
June 24-30. 



July 1-8... 
July 9-16.. 
July 17-24. 
July 25-31. 



1906. 



1907. 



C.33 
.35 
.52 

.47 

.42 
.77 
1.10 



.97 

.87 
1.20 
1.30 

1.60 
1.52 
1.25 
.97 

.81 

.85 
.85 



.70 
.50 
.44 
.35 

.57 



1.49 
.93 
1.15 
1.23 

1.43 
2.10 
1.19 
1.19 

1.61 

1.23 

1.11 

.55 

A. 47 

ft. 53 

.47 

.35 

.61 
.31 



;.31 

fc.57 

«.51 

.76 

.63 

.77 
.84 
.61 

.85 
1.19 
1.28 

.62 



.87 

a .38 

6 1.24 

.41 

.28 
.49 
.95 

.42 

.40 

1.13 

.86 

.47 

1.26 
1.07 
1.32 
1.14 

1.29 
2.04 
1.30 
1.33 

1.58 
1.11 
1.14 



i.lZ 

;.16 

;.08 

.10 

.14 
A;.19 
fc.23 

.13 

.22 

.24 

i.20 



.25 
i.lO 



.68 
.78 
.76 

.62 
.91 
1.17 
1.10 

1.01 
1.51 
1.53 
1.03 



a 3 days. 


d 2 days. 


g June 25-30. 


i 5 days. 


m 6 days. 


b 7 days. 


e June 9-16. 


ft 5 days. 


k 7 days. 


n June 8-15. 


c May 3-8. 


/June 17-24. 


i 4 days. 


I 2 days. 





126 



WATEE RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 



Evaporation from water surface, in inches, for weekly periods, 1905-1908 — Continued. 



Period. 



1907. 

Aug.1-8 

Aug. 9-16 

Aug. 17-24 

Aug. 25-31 

Sept. 1-8 

Sept. 9-15 

Sept. 16-23 

Sept. 24-30 

Oct. 1-8 

Oct. 9-16 

Oct. 17-24 

Oct. 25-31 

Nov. 1-8 

Nov.9-15 

1908. 

May 12-16 

May 17-24 

May 25-31 

June 1-8 

June 9-15 

June 16-23 

June 24-30 

July 1-8 

July 9-16 

July 17-24 

July 25-31 

Aug.1-8 

Aug. 9-16 

Aug. 17-24 

Aug. 25-31 

Sept. 1-8 

Sept. 9-15 

Sept. 16-23 

Sept. 24-30 

Oct. 1-8 

Oct. 9-16 

Oct. 17-24 

Oct. 25-31 

Nov. 1-7 



Soldier 
Pond. 



0.69 
.80 
.95 
.72 

.48 
.49 
.67 
.39 

.53 
.57 
.67 
.29 

.34 
.13 



,21 



Millinocket, 



0.85 
1.69 
1.46 

.94 
.74 
1.16 



.90 
.76 
.90 

.42 



Lewiston. 



0.85 
1.71 
1.25 
1.38 

.58 
.63 
.97 
.75 

.45 
.61 
.64 
.40 



Mooselook- 

megujitic 

Lake. 



0.74 
1.13 

.88 
1.07 

.42 
.41 



.55 
.63 

.84 
1.24 



a Oct. 25-29. 

Evaporation from water surface, in inches, for monthly periods, 1905-1908. 



Period. 


Soldier 
Pond. 


Millinocket. 


Lewiston. 


Mooselook- 

meguntic 

Lake. 


July 

August 

September 

October 


1905. 
1906. 




4.30 

5.25 

2.65 

bl.51 


5.55 
5.80 
3.32 
2.94 


5.99 
4.32 
3.02 
2.54 

C.90 

rfl.05 

CL87 

/2.90 

2.14 

2.86 

4.79 

5.96 

4.73 

2.30 






02.51 
2.56 


February . 








March 








April... 








May 

June 






2.88 
4.34 
5.34 
3.10 
1.99 








bl.lO 


July. 




4.80 

5.91 

4.50 

61.82 


3.28 


August 


5.10 


September . 


3.52 


October 


2.56 


a 23 days. 
b 28 days. 




c 22 days. 
d 27 days. 


e 26 days. 
/ 25 days. 


g 29 days. 



EVAPOEATION. 



127 



Evaporation from water surface, in inches, for monthly periods, 1905-1908 — Continued. 



Period. 



Soldier 
Pond. 



Millinocket. 



Lewiston. 



January — 
February. . 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September. 
October 



1907. 



.66 



May (12-31). 

June 

July 

August 

September.. 
October 



1908. 



1.40 
2.10 
2.32 
3.16 
2.03 
2.06 

.86 
2.63 
4.69 
4.64 
3.66 
2.97 



d2.15 
2.85 
3.94 
5.39 
3.72 
2.98 



C2.22 
3.80 
5.08 
5.19 
2.93 
2.10 



3.27 
3.82 
2.14 

/2.26 



o21 days. 



& 26 days. 



; 18 days. 



d 25 days. 



e23 days. 



/Oct. 1- 



For the purpose of determining an average monthly evaporation, 
the following table was made : 



Comparison of monthly evaporation records. 

SOLDIER POND. 



May 

June 

July 

August 

September. 
October. .. 



Month. 



1905 



4.30 

5.25 

2.65 

cl.51 



1906 



1.67 
2.88 
4.34 
5.34 
3.10 
1.99 



1907 



MILLINOCKET. 



1.40 
2.10 
2.32 
3.16 
2.03 
2.06 



1908 



Average. 



'0.86 
2.63 
4.69 
4.64 
3.66 
2.97 



(1-5) 
2.5 
3.9 
4.6 
2.9 
2.2 



May 

June 

July 

August 

September. 
October 



5.55 
5.80 
3.32 
2.94 



4.80 

5.91 

4.50 

11.82 



d2. 15 
2.85 
3.94 
5.39 
3.72 
2.98 



(2.7) 
(2.8) 
4.8 
5.7 
3.8 
2.7 



LEWISTON. 



January... 
February. . 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September. 
October . . . 
November. 
December . 



5.99 
4.32 
3.02 
2.54 
il.Ol 
* .00 



e0.90 

«7l.05 

A 1.87 

d2.90 

2.14 

2.86 

4.79 

5.96 

4.73 

2.30 



I .28 



/0.47 
h .69 
i .66 



/2.22 
3.8»r 
5.08 
5.19 
2.93 
2.10 



±1.0) 

±0.8) 

±1.7) 

±2.8) 

±2.5) 

(3.3) 

5.3 

5.2 

3.6 

2.3 

(1.3) 

(•7) 



MOOSELGOKMEGITNTIC LAKE. 



June 

July 

August 

September. 
October. . . 



;2.51 
2.56 




(±3.3) 

(±4.5) 

(3.0) 

(2.2) 



a 29 days. 
b May 12-31. 
c28 days. 



d25 days. 
e 22 days. 



/ 21 days. h 26 days. i 23 days. 
? 27 days. i 18 days. * 24 days. 



1 14 days. 
m Opt. 1-29. 



128 



WATER RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 



The foregoing table indicates that owing to breaks in the records 
and their general short extent, only approximate results can be 
obtained. It is, however, believed that the results given are fairly 
representative of the evaporation in Maine, especially during that 
part of the year important in its relation to water storage. During 
the winter months the relative evaporation at Lewis ton is probably 
larger (as compared with that at the other stations) than during the 
summer months, since the change in conditions at Lewiston is less 
during the winter than at the other places. 

Figure 3 is a curve showing the monthly evaporation at the four 
stations and also a composite curve for Maine. It also shows the 



O Soldier Pond 

+ Millinocket 

X Lewiston 

• IVlooselookmeguntlc 




JAN. FEB. MAR.APR.MAY JUNE JULY AUG. SEP. OCT. NOV. DEC, 

Figure 3.— Monthly and average evaporation, in inches, at Maine stations. 

evaporation from water surface in the vicinity of Boston, as deter- 
mined by Fitzgerald. 

As would be expected, the results show that evaporation from 
water surface in Maine is considerably less than for the vicinity of 
Boston. 

The average annual evaporation from water surface in Maine as 
shown on figure 3 is about 26 inches, as compared with 39.12 inches 
at Boston. From May to September the Maine evaporation is about 
17.5 inches, as compared with 26.20 inches near Boston. 



FLOODS ON PENOBSCOT RIVER. 



129 



The importance of records of longer duration and of less interrup- 
tions is also evident. The results during the summer months are 
fairly representative of what may be expected, but the winter period 
needs further attention. 



Comparison of average monthly evaporation, in inches, at Maine stations and at Boston, 

Mass. 


Month. 


Soldier 
Pond. 


Millinocket. 


Lewiston. 


Mooselook- 

meguntic 

Tiake. 


Composite 
average. 


Average 
evapora- 
tion near 
Boston, 

Mass. 


January 






1.0 
0.8 
1.7 
2.8 
2.5 
3.3 
5.3 
5.2 
3.6 
2.3 
1.3 
.7 




(±0.7) 

(±0.7) 

±1.1) 

(±1.6) 

(2.1) 

'^^.■§ 

5.00 

3.32 

(2.2) 

(±1-3) 

(±.7) 


0.98 










1.01 


March 








1.45 


April 








2.39 


May 


1.5 
2.5 
3.9 
4.6 
2.9 
2.2 


2.7 
2.8 
4.8 
5.7 
3.8 
2.7 




3.82 


June 




5.34 


July 


3.3 
4.5 
3.0 
2.2 


6.21 


August . 


5.97 


September 

October 


4.86 
3.47 


November 


2.24 


December 








1.38 












Total 










25.84 


39.12 















FLOODS ON PENOBSCOT RIVER. 

FLOODS AT BANGOR. 

Reliable data from which to estimate the flow of Penobscot River 
during times of great floods are not available, for the scattered records 
of high water stages that have probably been kept are usually of little 
value. 

The best information regarding floods in the lower Penobscot 
basin is afforded by a record of flow over the Bangor waterworks 
dam. This record, though not complete, is fairly satisfactory. 

The crest of the dam is triangular in shape, upstream side 2.7 : 1, 
downstream side 9.2 : 1. The- total length between abutments is 764 
feet. The height of each abutment is 12 feet. About a quarter way 
across from the right bank is a log sluice, the bottom of which is 38 
feet wide and 5.5 feet below the crest of the dam. The tops of the 
piers of this log sluice are 9 feet above the crest of the dam, and are 
12 feet and 14 feet wide, respectively. The clear length of the dam 
between the right abutment and pier of log sluice is 145 feet, and 
the length on the other side is 555 feet. The total length of dam is 
therefore 738 feet in the clear up to 9 feet elevation, and above that 
the length is 764 feet. 

For computing the discharge over the dam during flood stages a coef- 
ficient of discharge has been assumed^ of 3.50 in the formula Q = CLH^. 
A great degree of accuracy is not claimed for these computations, as 
the dam has not been systematically rated, but it is believed that the 
figures are sufficiently accurate for studies of flood discharge. 

The following rating table is based on the figures given above, but 
special refinement in its preparation has not been exercised. 

1 This coeflacient has been adopted after a study of Weir experiments, coefaeients, and formulas: Water 
Supply Paper U. S. Geol. Survey No. 200. 
15042°— wsp 279—12 9 



130 WATEH EESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Flood rating table for Bangor dam. 



Head on 
crest. 


Discharge. 


Head on 

crest. 


Discharge. 


Feet. 


Second-feet. 


Feet. 


Second-feet. 


6.00 


41,200 


9.50 


79,600 


6.50 


46,200 


10.00 


85,600 


7.00 


51,200 


10.50 


92,000 


7.50 


56,400 


11.00 


98,700 


8.00 


62,000 


11.50 


105,000 


8.50 


67,800 


12.00 


112,000 


9.00 


73,600 


12.25 


115,000 



The following table gives a record of stage of some of the high- 
water periods of the Penobscot Eiver at Bangor waterworks dam: 

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, of Penobscot River at Bangor water 

works dam. 

[Drainage area, 7,700 square miles.] 



Date. 



1900. 

Apr. 22 

Apr. 23 

Apr. 24 

Apr. 25 

Apr. 26 

Apr. 27 

Apr. 28 

Apr. 29 

Apr. 30 

May 1 

May 2 

May 3 

May 4 

May 5 

May 6 

May 7 

May 8 

May 9 

May 10 

May 11 

May 12 

May 13 

May 14 

May 15 

May 16 

May 17 

May 18 

May 19... 

May 20 

May 21 

May 22... 

May 24 

May 25 

May 26 

May 27 

1901. 

Apr. 6 

Apr. 7 

Apr. 8 

Apr. 9 

Apr. 10 

Apr. 11 

Apr. 12 

Apr. 13 

Apr. 14 

Apr. 15 

Apr. 16 

Apr. 17-30 

May 1 

May 2 

May 3 

May 4 

1902. 

Mar.l9 

Mar. 20 



Gage 
height. 



8.6 
8.1 
8.8 
8.5 
8.1 
7.9 
7.8 
7.3 



7.3 



Discharge. 



73,600 
75,800 
73,600 
71,300 
69,000 
64,300 
60,900 
56,400 
51,200 
49,200 
48,200 
47,200 
57,500 
69,000 
63,200 
71,300 
67,800 
63,200 
60,900 
59,800 
54,300 
49,200 
46,200 
41,200 
46,200 
47,200 
44,200 
43,200 
48,200 
55,400 
58,600 
55,400 
52,200 
49,200 
46,200 



7.0 


51,200 


8.3 


65,400 


10.0 


85,600 


10.7 


94,700 


12. 25 


115, 000 


11.7 


108,000 


11.7 


108,000 


10.6 


93,300 


10.2 


88,200 


9.7 


82,000 


9.2 


75,800 


8.5 


67,800 


7.75 


59,300 


7.25 


53,800 


6.75 


48,500 


6.25 


43,600 



47,300 
54,300 



Date. 



Mar. 21. 
Mar. 22. 
Mar. 23. 
Mar. 24. 
Mar. 25. 
Mar. 26. 
Mar. 27. 
Mar. 28. 
Mar. 29. 
Mar. 30. 
Mar. 31. 



Apr. 25. 
Apr. 26. 
Apr. 27. 
Apr. 28. 
Apr. 29. 
Apr. 30. 
May 1 . . 
May 2.. 
May 3.. 
May 4 . . 
Mays.. 
May 6.. 
May 7 . . 
May 8.. 
May 9.. 
May 10. 
May 11. 



Apr. 15. 
Apr. 16. 
Apr. 17. 
Apr. 18. 
Apr. 19. 
Apr. 20- 
Apr.21. 
Apr. 22. 
Apr. 23. 
Apr. 24. 
Apr. 25. 
Apr. 26. 
Apr. 27. 
Apr. 28. 
Apr. 29. 
Apr, 30. 
Sept. 29. 
Sept. 30. 
Oct.l... 
Oct. 2... 
Oct. 3... 
Oct. 4... 



1902. 



1907. 



height. 


Discharge. 


8.6 


68,800 


9.8 


83,200 


10.3 


89, 500 


10.1 


86,900 


9.5 


79, 600 


8.8 


72,200 


8.1 


63, 300 


7.6 


57,800 


7.3 


54, 300 


7.6 


57,800 


8.3 


65,400 


6.75 


48,500 


7.8 


59,900 


8.0 


62, 000 


8.3 


65,400 


8.5 


67, 800 


8.7 


70, 500 


8.8 


71, 800 


9.7 


82, 000 


10.0 


85, 600 


9.7 


82, 000 


9.0 


73,600 


8.4 


66,600 


7.8 


59,800 


7.3 


54, 300 


6.8 


49,200 


6.6 


47,300 


6.2 


42,300 


7.1 


52,200 


9.0 


73,600 


9.8 


83,200 


9.75 


82,500 


9.2 


75,800 


9.0 


73,600 


9.0 


73,600 


9.0 


73,600 


8.9 


72,900 


8.75 


70,700 


8.3 


65, 400 


8.0 


62,000 


7.5 


56,400 


7.1 


52,200 


7.2 


53,300 


7.0 


51,200 


4.8 


30,200 


8.9 


72,400 


9.6 


80,800 


7.5 


56,400 


6.2 


43,200 


5.8 


39,200 



FLOODS ON PENOBSCOT EIVEK. 



131 



The records indicate that the highest water since the construction 
of the dam (about 1875) occurred between 3 p. m. and 9.30 p. m. 
April '10, 1901, when 12.25 feet of water was passing over the dam, 
corresponding to a discharge of about 115,000 second-feet. 

The Twin Lakes reservoir system of the Great Northern Paper Co. 
on the West Branch of Penobscot Kiver was placed in operation in 
January, 1901. The storage capacity was originally about 19,000 
million cubic feet, but it was subsequently enlarged until at the 
present time it is 32,000 million cubic feet. 

According to the record of discharge over the Millinocket dam, 
the discharge during the flood of April, 1901, was 22,100 second-feet. 
The natural flow would not have exceeded 24,000 second-feet, which 
was the discharge again in April, 1903. This is the maximum dis- 
charge for the last 10 years at Millinocket, both with storage and 
without storage. In May, 1907, the natural discharge would have 
been practically the same. In the spring flood of 1909 the Milli- 
nocket discharge was 21,000 second-feet. 

The following table shows the maximum discharge during various 
flood stages on Penobscot River and its tributaries. The Millinocket 
record is corrected for storage when necessary. 

Maximum discharge of streams, Penobscot River basin. 



Dates. 


West Branch 

at Millinocket; 

drainage area, 

1,880 square 

miles. 


Penobscot at 
West Enfield; 
drainage area, 

6,600 square 
miles. 


Penobscot at 

Bangor; 

drainage area, 

7,700 square 

miles. 


East Branch 
at Grind- 
stone; 
drainage area, 
1,100 square 
miles. 


Mattawam- 
keag at Mat- 
tawamkeag; 
drainage area, 
1,500 square 
miles. 


Piscataquis 

at Foxcroft; 

drainage area, 

286 square 

miles. 


Sec- 
ond- 
feet. 


Sec- 
ond- 
feet 
per 
square 
mile. 


Sec- 
ond- 
feet. 


Sec- 
ond- 
feet 
per 
square 
mile. 


Sec- 
ond- 
feet. 


Sec- 
ond- 
feet 
per 
square 
mile. 


Sec- 
ond- 
feet. 


Sec- 
ond- 
feet 
per 
square 
mile. 


Sec- 
ond- 
feet. 


Sec- 
ond- 
feet 
per 
square 
mile. 


Sec- 
ond- 
feet. 


Sec- 
ond- 
feet 
per 
square 
mile. 


Apr., 1900 
Apr., 1901 










75,800 
115,000 

89,500 


9.9 
15.0 

11.6 














24,000 

}l8,000 

24,200 
15,000 
21,000 
23,000 

}21,000 

8,500 


12.8 

9.7 

12.9 
8.0 
11.2 
12.2 

11.2 

4.5 


















Mar. 1902 
Apr., 1902 
Apr., 1903 
May, 1904 
May, 1906 
May, 1907 
Apr., 1909 
May, 1909 
Sept., 1909 


73, 000 


11.1 














52,000 7.9 
51,000' 7.7 
60, 800 9. 2 


9,600 
13,200 
12,000 
17,400 

15, 100 

25, 700 


8.7 
12.0 
10.9 
15.8 

13.7 

23.4 


12,000 
17, 800 
16, 000 
24, 400 

21, 100 

13,400 


8.0 
11.9 
10.7 
16.3 

14.1 

8.9 


6,800 
15,000 
12, 000 
10,700 

11,200 

22,200 


23.8 






52.5 






42.0 


a93,400 
62,000 
96,700 


14.1 
9.4 
14.6 


85,600 
75, 800 
80,800 


11.1 
9.9 
10.5 


37.4 
39.2 
77.6 



a Doubtful, owing to possibility of ice affecting discharge. 

Contrasted with the high stages due to heavy rainfall are the 
so-called ^^ floods" caused by backwater from ice jams. 

On March 19 and 20, 1902, the city of Bangor was flooded as a 
result of an ice jam in the '' Narrows," about 3 miles below the city. 
Exchange Street and Broad Street nearly to Main Street, in the 
business section, were entirely under water. One span of the highway 



132 

bridge between Bangor and Brewer, and two spans of the Maine Cen- 
tral Railroad bridge, together with one pier, were lifted from their 
foundations and swept into the river. The main jam that flooded 
the town was due to ice gorge at the '' Narrows " ; damage to the two 
bridges was caused by a smaller secondary jam against the pier of the 
railroad bridge. At the Bangor dam the discharge was 89,500 second- 
feet on March 23, according to the record. The discharge at this time 
over the Bangor dam probably represents approximately the true 
discharge of the river, as the effect of the ice jam below the city was 
not felt at the dam. 

Discharge records for this period are available only for Millinocket, 
West Enfield, and the Bangor dam. The actual discharge over the 
^iillinocket dam up to the end of March, 1902, had not exceeded 
10,000 second-feet. The flood height here did not occur until April 7, 
when the discharge was only 15,000 second-feet. The greater part of 
the water backed up by the ice jam must have come from the Matta- 
wamkeag and Piscataquis and the lower tributaries. The discharge 
at West Enfield was only 73,000 second-feet, an amount surpassed by 
the floods of May, 1907, and of September, 1909. 

FLOOD OF SEPTEMBER 26 TO 29, 1909. 

The flood of September, 1909, is especially noteworthy in that it 
was due solely to abnormal precipitation following a period of drought. 

A general deficiency in precipitation existed in the State of Maine 
from about June, 1908, to September, 1909. Although the precipita- 
tion for the first four months of 1909 was above the normal, it was 
mostly in the form of snow which, because of the frozen ground, passed 
off without materially increasing the ground-water supply. During 
the summer of 1909 the rivers fell to a low pitch and the prospects 
during early September were for very low water during the fall and 
winter. 

The drought was brought to an end on September 26, when a general 
rain began, which lasted three days and was heaviest on the third day. 
The rainfall was unusually heavy in the central and eastern parts of 
the State, and the rivers were at flood stage for several days. 

The rainfall was perhaps the heaviest in the upper Kennebec basin, 
but the resulting flood was most destructive on Piscataquis River and 
its branch. Pleasant River. 

Damage resulted from washouts and log jams which carried away 
bridges. A locomotive was derailed by a culvert washout near West 
Seboois and the engineer was killed. Shipping was delayed for several 
days. 



FLOODS ON PENOBSCOT BIVEK. 

Rainfall, in inches, Sept. 26 to 30, 1909. 



133 





26 


27 


28 


29 


30 


Total. 


Danforth . . . 


1.00 

.30 

1.98 


1.50 
1.58 
1.20 


1.30 
2.66 
3.78 


1.20 
2.91 








5.00 




7.45 


Greenville . 


6.96 


Houlton 


a 6. 10 


Millinocket 




.65 




2.15 
2.06 
2.35 



1.49 

.87 
1.00 
4.25 


3.23 
2.62 
2.60 



.15 



.15 


7.02 


Orono 


6.20 


Patten 


5.95 


The Forks 


4.40 







a Total for storm. No details available. 

The following table shows the range of the flood in the Penobscot 
and its branches and the maximum and minimum discharges. The 
sudden rise of the waters, coming when the lakes and ground-water 
level were both low and would presumably supply much storage, 
testifies to the intensity of the rainfall. 

Comparative flood flow of streams in Penobscot River basin. 





Drainage 
area in 
square 
miles. 


Previous minimum discharge. 


Previous maximum discharge. 


Stream. 


Date. 


Second- 
feet. 


Second- 
feet per 
square 
mile. 


Date. 


Second- 
feet. 


Second- 
feet per 
square 
mile. 


West Branch at Milli- 
nocket a 


1,880 
6,600 
7,700 
1,100 
1,500 
286 


Jan. 2, 1904 
Oct. 12,1903 


141 
1,600 


0.07 
.24 


Apr., 1903 
May 2, 1907 
Apr. 10,1901 
May 2, 1907 
May 6, 1907 
May 11,1904 


24,200 
b 93, 400 
115,000 
17,400 
24,400 
15,000 


12.9 


Penobscot at West 
Enfield 


14.1 


Penobscot at Bangor 
Dam 


15.0 


East Branch at Grind- 
stone 


Feb., 1909 
Oct., 1905 
Sept., 1908 


105 

■ 86 
15 


.10 
.06 
.05 


15.8 


Mattawa m k e a g at 
Mattawamkeag 

Piscataquis at Fox- 
croft 


16.3 
52.5 









Record for Sept. 26, 1909. 


Flood of Sept. 26-30, 1909. 


Stream 


Gage 

height in 

feet. 


Discharge. 


Maximum 

gage 
height in 

feet. 


Discharge. 




Second- 
feet. 


Second- 
feet per 
square 
mile. 


Second- 
feet. 


Second- 
feet per 
square 
mile. 


West Branch at Millinocket o.. 




2,155 

4,160 

30,200 

430 

660 
31 


1.14 
.63 

3.9 
.39 

.44 
.11 




2,280 
96,700 
80,000 
25,700 

13,400 
22,200 


1.21 


Penobscot at West Enfield 

Penobscot at Bangor Dam 

East Branch at Grindstone 

Mattawamkeag at Mattawam- 


2.4 
4.8 
4.65 

4.0 
1.7 


17.8 
9.6 
14.3 

10.3 
14.9 


14.6 
10.5 
23.4 

8.9 


Piscataquis at Foxcroft 


77.6 



a Actual discharge from storage. 



b Doubtful, owing to possibility of ice affecting discharge. 



134 WATER EESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Attention should be called to the seeming discrepancies between 
the discharge at West Enfield and at the Bangor dam during this 
flood. The maximum for West Enfield, 96,700 second-feet was the 
peak, whereas 73,600 second-feet was the average for the day during 
which that peak occurred. At the Bangor dam 80,800 second-feet 
was the average for the maximum day. 

The run-off from this storm was peculiarly distributed. The reser- 
voir system on the West Branch held it all. The record at Milli- 
nocket was simply the flow as ordinarily used through the mill. 
Even at that point the computed maximum discharge, unaffected by 
storage, was only 8,500 second-feet, the actual discharge being 2,280 
second-feet. 

The rainfall over the Mattawamkeag basin was distributed over a 
greater length of time and was somewhat less in amount than in the 
other areas considered, as shown by the Danforth precipitation 
record. The basin as a whole is wider in comparison to its length 
than is that of the East Branch. Finally, the slope of the main 
river from the mouth to North Bancroft or to the mouth of Baska- 
hegan Stream is only 4.5 feet per mile, just about one-half the slope 
per mile of the East Branch. It would be natural to expect a very 
much less run-off per square mile from the Mattawamkeag than from 
the East Branch. 

The East Branch of Penobscot River from the mouth to First 
Grand Lake has a slope of 8.8 feet per mile. The record at Grind- 
stone showed a higher run-off during this storm — 23.4 second-feet per 
square mile — than at any time since the station was established 
in 1902. The operation of the Grand Lake dam at this time was as 
follows: From June 13 to July 10 the dam was open while the East 
Branch drive was going from the dam to the boom; after July 10 the 
Grand Lake gates were shut in order to store water for the West 
Branch drive, which came down later. The gates remained shut until 
September 1, when the West Branch drive reached Medway, when 
they were opened and kept open until late in the fall. The flood on 
the East Branch was therefore unaffected by artificial storage. 

The center of the storm apparently passed across the Piscataquis, 
the West Branch, and the center and head of the East Branch basins. 
The immense lake system, both natural and artificial, of the West 
Branch absorbed the flood; the quick-spilling basins of the Piscata- 
quis and East Branch showed a high unit run-off. 

Records for the Foxcroft station on the Piscataquis showed a very 
high run-off — 77.6 second-feet per square mile. Previous records 
show that the Piscataquis drains a basin of unusually high unit run- 
off, at least for the State of Maine. The Foxcroft station is com- 
paratively high up, the drainage area at that point being 286 square 



FLOODS ON PENOBSCOT KIVEE. 



135 



miles, and that for the entire Piscataquis basin being 1,500 square 
miles. 

The maximum discharge of the Penobscot at West Enfield was 
96,700 second-feet. The combined discharge of the West and East 
branches and the Mattawamkeag was about 41,300 second-feet, 
leaving 55,400 second-feet to be contributed by the Piscataquis and 
the remaining area of the main river, which is 620 square miles. If 
5,000 second-feet be assumed as the discharge for this area, it would 
leave about 50,000 second-feet as the amount coming from the entire 
Piscataquis basin. Distributed evenly over the basin, this would 



30 



25 



MAXIMUM PISCATAQUIS 
77.6 



< 

D 

a 

t Ul 
ZtL 



20 



15 



10 



/\ 



\ 




+ Piscataquis 

Foxcroft (286sq.mi) 
East Branch 

Grindstone (llOOsq.mi.)- 
Mattawamkeag 

Mattawamkeag (ISOOsq. mi 
— o — Penobscot 

West Enfield (eeOOsq.mi.; 
West Branch 

Millinocket(l860sq.mi.;^. 



26 27 28 29 30 I 2 3i 

Figure 4.— Run-off of Penobscot River and tributaries during storm of September, 1909. 

amount to 33.4 second-feet per square mile; but 22,200 second-feet 
came from the 286 square miles above Foxcroft; therefore 27,800 
second-feet came from the remaining 1,214 square miles of the Pis- 
cataquis basin, or 22.9 second-feet per square mile. 

Figure 4 shows graphically the extent and distribution of the run- 
off during and after the storm, and incidentally the effect and great 
value of storage on certain of the tributaries. 

The total run-off during the storm has been computed approxi- 
mately, considering the period September 27 to October 2, inclusive, 
with the following results; 



136 WATER KESOtTRCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Total run-off in Penobscot River basin, Sept. 21 to Oct. 2, 1909. 



Station. 



Total run- 
off, Sept. 
27-Oct. 2. 



Probable 

total 
rainfall for 

drainage 
area, Sept. 
27-Oct. 2. 



Ratio 
run-off to 
rainfall. 



„, ll 



Piscataquis at Foxcroft 

East Branch at Grindstone 

Mattawamkeag at Mattawamkeag 

Penobscot at West Enfield 

"West Branch at Millinocket 



Inches. 
2.59 
2.22 
1.32 
1.43 
.26 



Inches. 
6.'^ 
6.5 
5.5 
6.3 
7.0 



0.40 
.34 
.24 
.23 
.04 



The ratio of run-off to rainfall shown in the foregoing table is some- 
what less than true value, particularly in the Mattawamkeag basin, 
where the run-off directly due to this storm continued for some time 
after October 2. 

LOW- WATER CONDITIONS. 

Kun-off records covering long periods have been kept on various 
rivers in the State of Maine. The Penobscot River records date 
back to 1887; those for the Androscoggin, at Rumford Falls, to 1892; 
those for Kennebec River, at Waterville, to 1893. These records 
indicate a continued drought from 1902 to 1908, the most severe 
occurring in 1903 and 1904. Various rainfall records confirm this, 
as is shown clearly by the Orono mass curve of precipitation on page 
19. A mass curve for the Lewiston rainfall, used in other studies, 
adds further confirmation. The more important gaging stations in 
the Penobscot basin were established as follows: Millinocket in 1901 ; 
Grindstone, West Enfield, Mattawamkeag, and Piscataquis in 1902. 
It is probable, therefore, that these records cover the period of mini- 
mum run-off during the last 25 years. 

The following tables give the minimum run-off at the various sta- 
tions in the basin for the years 1903, 1904, 1905, and 1908: 

Run-off of Penobscot River during low-water periods, based on observations from 1902 to 

1909. 

West Branch of Penobscot River at Millinocket. 

[Drainage area, 1,880 square miles.] 





Mean discharge. 


Period. 


Mean discharge. 


Period. 


Mean discharge 


Period. 


Second- 
feet. 


Second- 
feet per 
square 
mile. 


Second- 
feet. 


Second- 
feet per 
souare 
mile. 


Second- 
feet. 


Second- 
feet per 
square 
mUe. 


1904. 

Feb. 22-27 

Jan. 1-31 


320 
328 
407 

471 

1,560 


0.17 
.17 

.22 

.25 
.83 


1905. 

Dec. 20-26 

Jan., 1906 

Nov., 1905- Jan., 

1906 

Nov., 1905-Apr., 

1906 


351 
403 

415 

646 


0.19 
.21 

.22 

.34 


1908. 
(a) 






Jan. to Mar 

Oct., 1903-Mar., 
1904 




June, 1903-May, 
1904 













a Records October to December not available. 



LOW-WATER COKDITIONS. 



137 



Run-off of Penobscot River during low-water periods, based on observations from 1902 to 

i909— Continued. 



Penobscot River at West Enfield. 
[Drainage area, 6,600 square miles.] 





Mean discharge. 


Period. 


Mean discharge. 


Period. 


Mean discharge. 


Period. 


Second- 
feet. 


Second- 
feet per 
square 
mile. 


Second- 
feet. 


Second- 
feet per 
square 
mile. 


Second- 
feet. 


Second- 
feet per 
square 
mile. 


1903. 
Oct. 7-13 


2,030 

2,260 

a 2, 570 

a 4, 220 


0.31 

.34 
.39 
.64 


1905. 

Oct. 24-30 

Nov. 1-30 

Sept.-Nov 

June-Nov 


1,850 
2,630 
3,150 
4,730 


0.28 
.40 

.48 
.72 


1908. 
Sept. 28-Oct. 3. 

Oct. 1-31 

Oct.-Dec 

July-Dec 


2,460 
3,450 
3,820 
4,940 


0.37 


Oct. 1-31. 


.52 


Oct. 1-Dec. 14.... 
July 1-Dec. 14.... 


.58 
.75 



East Branch of Penobscot River at Grindstone. 









[Drainage area, 


1,100 square miles.] 








1903. 
Oct 7-13 


253 
342 
493 


0.23 
.31 

.45 


1905. 
Oct. 25-31 


156 
220 
501 


0.14 
.20 
.46 


1908. 

Dec. 14-31 

Dec. 1-31 

Dec, 1908-reb., 
1909 


clOO 
C175 

C217 

C282 


d 0.09 


Oct. 1-31 


Oct. 1-31 


.16 


Sept.-Nov 


Sept.-Nov 




(^) 


.20 


Oct.,1908-Mar., 
1909 


.26 









Mattawamkeag River at Mattawamkeag. 

[Drainage area, 1,500 square miles.] 



1903 
Oct. 12-18. 
Oct. 1-31.. 
Sept.-Nov 
June-Nov. 



120 


0.08 


242 


.16 


485 


.32 


634 


.42 



1905 
Oct. 4-10. 
Oct. 1-31. 
Aug.-Oct 
July-Dec. 



d 86 


0.06 


99 


.07 


186 


.12 


516 


.34 



1908. 
Sept. 23-29 
Sept. 1-30. 
Aug.-Oct. 
July-Dec. . 



191 

354 
527 



0.06 
.13 
.24 
.35 



Piscataquis River at Foxcroft. 

[Drainage area, 286 square miles.] 



1903. 
Sept. 28-Oct. 3 . 

Sept. 1-30 „ 

Sept.-Oct 

July-Dec 



dl9 


0.07 


43 


.15 


51 


.18 


111 


.39 



1905. 
Oct. 25-31. 
Oct. 1-31.. 
Sept.-Nov 
July-Dec. 



37 


0.13 


76 


.27 


87 


.30 


111 


.39 



Nov. 17-23 
Nov. 1-30. 
Sept.-Nov 
July-Dec . 



85 
107 



0.05 
.24 
.30 
.37 



Phillips Lake at Holden./ 

[Drainage area, 12.3 square miles.] 





Period. 


Mean discharge. 




Second- 
feet. 


Second- 
feet per 
square 
mile. 


Sept. 1-30. 


1904. 


1.71 
2.74 
5.1 
13.4 


0.14 


Sept.-Nov 


.22 


July-Dec 


.41 


July, 1904- June, 1905 


1.09 







a Nearly. 

6 Records incomplete; see remarks p. 56. 

c Estimated. 



d Constant flow. 

e 16 days in December. 

/ Records for 1904-7. 



138 



Run-ofof Penobscot River during low-water periods, based on observations from 1902 to 

:? 909— Continued. 

Cold Stream at Enfield. 

[Drainage area, 26 square miles.) 



Period. 



Mean discharge. 



Second- 
feet. 



Second- 
feet per 
square 
mile. 



0.15 
.27 
.62 
.62 

1.00 



1905 

Aug. 9-15 

Aug. 1-31 

Nov., 1905- Jan., 1906 

Oct., 1905-Mar., 1906... 

Apr., 1905-Mar., 1906 



o4 

7 

bl6 

16 



Kenduskeag Stream near Bangor, c 

[Drainage area, 191 square miles.] 



Sept. 15-20 d 
Sept. 1-30.... 
Aug.-Oct 



1908. 



7 
«7 
e20 



0.04 
.04 
.10 



a Records from Aug. 12 to 18, 1905. 

b Records from January to March, 1900. 

c Records for Sept. 15, 1908, to Oct. 31, 1909, only. 

d Constant for 17 days Sept. 15 to Oct. 1, inclusive (see a). 

e Estimated. 

On account of ice during the months of January, February, and 
March, and occasionally during December, it is not possible to obtain 
a complete record for 12 months of each year at each station. Atten- 
tion should therefore be called to the fact that on certain streams it 
is not improbable that the extreme minimum may have occurred 
during a time for which no data are available. This will explain why 
no run-off is given for the lowest 12-month periods at the stations at 
West Enfield, Grindstone, Foxcroft, Mattawamkeag, or for the 
6-month period at Grindstone. 

The minimum run-off for 12 consecutive months for these stations 
probably occurred as follows: 

Minimum run-off at stations in Penobscot River basin. 





Date. 


Discharge. 


Place. 


Second-feet. 


Second-feet 

per square 

mile. 


West Enfield 


May, 1903- April, 1904 

April, 1903-March, 1904 

April, 1903-March, 1904 

April, 1905-March, 1906 


8,600 

1,900 

510 

1,950 


1.3 


Grindstone . . 


1.7 


Foxcroft 


1.8 


Mattawamkeag 


1.3 







LOW-WATER CONDITIONS. 



139 



The minimum run-off for six consecutive months for Grindstone 
doubtless occurred from September, 1903, to February, 1904, although 
the only data available covering this period extend from September 
to November, during which time the mean discharge was 0.45 second- 
foot per square mile. Another very low 6-month run-oif occurred 
October, 1908, to March, 1909, with estimated flow of 0.28 second- 
foot per square mile. 

At Foxcroft other low periods were as follows: August 1 to 14, 1908, 
the run-off was a constant flow of 22 second-feet, corresponding to 
0.08 second-foot per square mile. The mean flow for the month of 
August, 1909, was 52 second-feet or 0.18 second-foot per square mile. 

At Phillips Lake the lowest recorded gage reading is 1.4 feet, cor- 
responding to a flow at the northern outlet of 0.11 second-foot per 
square mile. For this stage of the lake the flow at the southeast out- 
let is almost inappreciable. The following number of consecutive 
days is recorded as having this minimum flow: 



1904. Days. 

August 6 

September 20 



1905. 

September 22 

October 14 



The great advantage and effect of reservoir storage is seen when 
comparing the actual discharge of the West Branch at Millinocket 
with what it would have been without storage. The foUowing table 
brings these facts out. It will be noticed that the low actual flow 
occurs a month or so later than the low flow when corrected by stor- 
age. Storage increases the low flow from three to four times. 

Minimum discharge, West Branch of Penobscot River, at Millinocket as observed and as 

corrected for storage. 

[Drainage area, 1,880 square miles.] 



As observed. 


As corrected for storage. 




Mean discharge. 


Period. 


Mean discharge. 


Period. 


Second- 
feet. 


Second- 
feet per 
square 
mile. 


Second- 
feet. 


Second- 
feet per 
square 
mile. 


January 1-31, 1904 


328 
407 
471 
1,560 
403 

415 

646 

1,820 


0.17 
.22 
.25 
.83 
.21 

.22 
.34 
.97 


September 1-30, 1903 


110 
254 

319 

1,440 

a 100 

165 

256 

1,660 


0.06 


January to March, 1904 

October, 1903, to March, 1904. . 

June, 1903, to May, 1904 

December 1-31, 1905 


September to November, 1903. 
September, 1903, to February, 
1904. 


.14 
.17 


May, 1903, to April, 1904 

September 1-30, 1905 


.77 


November, 1905, to January, 
1906 


.05 


September to November, 1905. 
August, 1905, to January, 1906. . 
May, 1905, to April, 1906 


.09 


November, 1905, to April, 1906. 
May, 1905, to April, 1906 


.14 

.88 



a Same discharge the next month, October, 1905. 



140 WATEE BESOUECES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

WATER POWER. 
DEVELOPED WATER POWERS. 



1 



The utilized water powers in the Penobscot basin are described in 
the following paragraphs, beginning with the lowest, at Bangor, and 
taking up first the powers on the main stream and then those on the 
tributaries. The information was obtained by local examination and 
personal interviews, and although some of it, especially that relating 
to the older plants, is only approximate, it is as a whole fairly accu- 
rate. At very few sites has the primary power been completely 
developed. 

MAIN STREAM. 

1. 

Location: Bangor. 

Owner: City of Bangor. 

Use: Street lights and pumping municipal water supply. 

Maximum capacity : 3,200 horsepower. 

Normal head: 12 feet. 

Dam: Log crib, with fishway, log sluice, and overfall; in fair condition. 

Pond: Extends upstream nearly 3 miles. During high water it backs up into the 

tailrace of the Veazie plant. 
Remarks: The plant is in tidal portion of river (range of tide, 8 to 10 feet); extremely 

high tides submerge dam and stop entire plant; average power available during 9 

months of year about 1,600 horsepower; much less during remaining 3 months; 

steam auxiliary used. 

2. 

Location: Veazie, 3 miles above Bangor dam. 

Owner: Bangor Railway & Electric Co. 

Use: Lighting, power, and heat. 

Maximum capacity: 2,200 horsepower. 

Normal head: 11 feet. 

Dam: Wooden crib in fair condition. 

Pond: Extends upstream about 2.75 miles and during high water up to Basin Mills 

Dam. 
Equipment: 15 turbines and auxiliary steam plant. 
Remarks: Head considerably reduced by backwater from floods. 

3. 

Location: Basin Mills, Orono, about 6.75 miles from Bangor dam. 

Owner: James Walker Co. 

Use: Lumber mill and box factory; burned August, 1910. 

Maximum capacity : 2,100 horsepower. 

Normal head: 10 to 14 feet. 

Dam: Wooden crib, in rather poor repair; 1,900 feet long, with a maximum height of 

30 feet above bed of river. 
Pond: Extends upstream about 1 mile. 
Equipment: 13 turbines of diameter 72 inches; 2 of 84 inches; 7 of 48 inches', 

8 of 44 inches, many of local make and of old type; auxiliary steam plant of 150 

horsepower, used about 7 months in the year. 
Remarks: Annual output was about 17,000,000 feet of lumber. Since mills were 

burned several offers of purchase of power privilege have been made. 



WATER POWER. 141 



Location: Orono, at mouth of Stillwater River (name given to the west channel of the 
Penobscot). 

Owner: International Paper Co. and William Engel Co. 

Use: Pulp, paper, and lumber. 

Maximum capacity: 2,778 horsepower. 

Normal head: Varies from 9 to 24 feet. 

Dam: Two log dams in poor condition. 

Pond: Upper pond extends upstream to Stillwater dam. 

Equipment: International Paper Co. has 12 turbines developing about 2,400 horse- 
power, under average head of 24 feet, to run grinder units; 1 turbine of 50 horse- 
power, under head of 10 feet, to run Barker mill; 3 turbines developing 338 horse- 
power, under head of 9 to 11 feet, to run paper mill. 

Remarks: Average daily output of mills 25 tons of paper and 30 tons of pulp. 



Location: Stillwater 7 miles above Bangor dam on Stillwater River. 

Owner: Orono Pulp & Paper Co. 

Use: Pulp and paper manufacture. 

Maximum capacity: 1,460 horsepower. 

Normal head: 18 feet. 

Dam: Partly wooden crib and partly concrete. It is proposed to replace all crib 

portions with concrete. 
Pond: Extends upstream about 2| miles nearly to Gillman Falls. 
Equipment: Special Hercules turbines, 2 of diameter 45 inches, 2 of 33 inches, and 

1 of 21 inches. Two Westinghouse generators of 400 kilowatts, and 1 of 200 kilowatt 

capacity, 3-phase alternating current; auxiliary steam plant of 1,560 horsepower 

capacity in partial operation throughout the year. 
Remarks: The development was coifipleted in 1902. 

6. 

Location: Great Works, on main river about 10 miles above Bangor dam. 

Owner: Penobscot-Chemical Fiber Co. 

Use: Manufacture of fiber. 

Maximum capacity: 2,800 horsepower. 

Normal head: 17 feet. 

Dam: Timber, 1,200 feet long, with concrete forebay. 

Pond: Extends only a short distance upstream. 

Equipment: 17 wheels of various sizes and a generator capacity of 394 kilowatts. 

Remarks: The annual output of chemical fiber is 18,000 tons. 



Location: Oldtown, 12.25 miles above Bangor dam. 

Owner: Bodwell Water Power Co. 

Use: (1) The generation and transmission of electric power to the parent company; 
(2) the Bangor Railway & Electric Co. uses one wheel of 125 horsepower rated 
capacity under 11 feet head, which develops an average of about 80 horsepower, 
used to pump water supply for Oldtown and Milford; (3) Oldtown Woolen Co. 
having an installation of 4 turbines, two of which are Victor turbines of diameter 
35 inches and two Hercules of diameter 36 inches, giving a total of 175 horsepower 
under average head about 10 feet; (4) the Ounegan mills of the American Woolen 
Co. having 2 S. Morgan Smith turbines of 30-inch diameter with capacity of 100 
horsepower under 11 feet head. This plant was formerly known as the Maine 
Woolen Co., but was purchased by the present concern in February, 1910; (5) the 
Nekonegan Paper Co. having 18 turbines of 2,400 horsepower rated capacity under 
a head of 18 feet. 



142 WATEE EESOUKCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Maximum capacity: 5,800 horsepower. 

Normal head: Given above except for plant of the Bod well Paper Co. This plant 
operates under 20-foot head. 

Dam: Concrete structure 1,100 feet long completed in 1907, costing $60,000. 

Pond: Extends up main river 1 mile. Considerable pondage is created back of Orson 
Island. 

Equipment: Given above except for Bodwell Paper Co. This plant has an installa- 
tion of 9 vertical shaft turbines, 8 of which are of diameter 44 inches, and one small 
exciter turbine. 

Remarks: The Bodwell Paper Co.'s plant is rated at 7,450 horsepower under 20-foot 
head. This head can seldom be maintained, the average being from 16 to 18 feet. 
Plant not completed at date of writing. Output has been from 2,500 to 3,000 horse- 
power. 

8. 

Location: Enfield, on main stream just above mouth of Piscataquis River, 36.75 miles 

above Bangor dam. 
Owner: International Paper Co. 
Use: Manufacture of wood pulp. 
Maximum capacity: 2,860 horsepower. 
Normal head: 19 feet. 

Dam: Log crib 640 feet long built 20 years ago and is in excellent repair. 
Pond: Extends 4 miles up river. 

Equipment: 24 Victor wheels and connected pulp machinery. 
Remarks: Elevation of water surface just below dam 131 feet; output 35 tons of pulp 

per day. 

9. 

Location: Millinocket, 2 miles above mouth of East Branch, about 76 miles above 

Bangor dam. 
Owner: Great Northern Paper Co. 
Use : Manufacture of pulp and paper. 
Maximum capacity : 6,300 horsepower. 
Normal head: 25 feet. 

Pond: Extends upstream to Dolby power station. 
Equipment: Four Hercules turbines of 30 inches diameter and connected pulp and 

paper machinery. 
Remarks: This plant is called the East Millinocket mill. 

10. 

Location: Millinocket, 1.75 miles above East Millinocket mill. 

Owner: Great Northern Paper Co. 

Use: Manufacture of pulp and paper. 

Maximum capacity: 9,500 horsepower. 

Normal head: 50 feet. 

Pond: Extends upstream to Shad Pond. 

Equipment: Three pairs of Hercules turbines of diameter 39 inches, each pair devel- 
oping 2,250 horsepower, and two pairs of 30-inch turbines, each developing 1,375 
horsepower. Former set used for wooden grinders; latter set for generators. 

Remarks: Extra space and settings are ready for one extra pair of grinders and gener- 
ator wheels. Total power developed at East Millinocket and Dolby plant, 15,800 
horsepower. Output, 180 tons of pulp and 130 tons of paper per day. 



WATER POWER. 143 

11. 

Location: Outlet of Quakish Lake, 87 miles from Bangor dam. 

Owner: Great Northern Paper Co. 

Use : Manufacture of pulp and paper. 

Maximum capacity: 24,600 horsepower. 

Normal head: 110 feet. 

Dam and appurtenances : Dam used to divert water of West Branch into Ferguson Lake 

and through a canal for a distance of about 1.25 miles to the penstock of Millinocket 

plant. After passing through this plant, water runs down Millinocket Stream and 

joins West Branch and Shad Pond. 
Equipment: Five pairs Rodney Hunt turbines; diameter, 57 inches; rated capacity, 

3,900 horsepower per pair, used for grinders; three pairs 36-inch wheels, rated capacity 

1,600 horsepower per pair, and two single 24-inch wheels rated horsepower 150 each, 

used for generators. 
Remarks: Total average output of this plant, 300 tons of pulp and 300 tons of paper 

per day. The capacity of this mill is larger than that of any other paper mill in the 

world (see Plate II). 

PISCATAQUIS RIVER. 

1. 

Location: Howland. ' 

Owner: Howland Pulp & Paper Co. 

Use: Manufacture of pulp and paper. 

Maximum capacity: 537 horsepower. 

Normal head: 12 feet. 

Dam: Timber crib 800 feet long, in poor repair; elevation of crest, 140 feet above sea 
level. 

Equipment: Three S. Morgan Smith wheels, 54 inches, 48 inches and 45 inches diam- 
eter; also auxiliary steam plant, 500 horsepower capacity. 

Remarks: Capacity of plant, 40 tons of pulp and 24 tons of paper per day. 

2. 

Location: Mouth of Schoodic Stream, 9 miles above Howland. 

Owner: Lovejoy & Dean. 

Use: Lumber mill. 

Maximum capacity : 50 horsepower. 

Normal head: 10^ feet. 

Equipment: One Sampson turbine, 23 inches diameter. 

3. 

Location: East Dover. 

Owner: Dover & Foxcroft Light & Heat Co. 

Use: Heat, light, and mechanical power. 

Maximum capacity: 419 horsepower. 

Normal head: 11.5 feet. 

Dam: Timber crib built between solid masonry abutments 175 feet long; elevation of 

crest, 295 feet; built about 50 years ago, and is in fair condition. 
Equipment: Three Hercules turbines 39, 48, and 52 inches, respectively, in diameter; 

two generators developing 300 kilowatts. 



144 

4. 

Location: Dover and Foxcroft. 
Owner: American Woolen Co. 
Use: Textile manufacture. 
Maximum capacity : 382 horsepower. 
Normal head: 22 feet. 

Dam: Timber crib about 50 years old, in fair repair; elevation of crest, 327 feet. 
Equipment: One 24-inch vertical turbine, one 30-inch horizontal turbine, and one 
pair of 42-inch horizontal turbines. 

5. 

Location: Dover and Foxcroft. 

Owner: Joint ownership of Mayo & Son, Omer, Clark & Thayer, and Harold Farnum. 

Use: Textile and lumber manufacture. 

Maximum capacity: 591 horsepower. 

Normal head: 12 feet. 

Dam: Timber crib 225 feet long, built in 1853, and in poor repair; elevation of crest, 
339 feet. 

Equipment: For the woolen mill of Mayo & Son, one 51-inch and one 39-inch Her- 
cules turbines, capacity, 386 horsepower; for the sawmill of Omer, Clark & Thayer, 
two wheels, affording about 175 horsepower; and for the woodworking mill of Harold 
Farnum, one turbine affording about 30 horsepower. 



Location; 1 mile above Foxcroft. 

Owner: Dover & Foxcroft Water Co. 

Use: Pumping station for city supply. 

Maximum capacity : 50 horsepower. 

Normal head: 11| feet. 

Dam: Log crib 214 feet long. 

Equipment: One turbine wheel and pumps. 

7. 

Location: Guilford. 

Ownership: Piscataquis Woolen Co., Hussey Woolen Co., and Hussey & Goldthwaite. 

Use: Textile manufacture and grist. 

Maximum capacity: 447 horsepower. 

Normal head: 10 feet. 

Dam: Concrete structure 165 feet long, 12 feet high, built in 1905, costing $4,000; 
elevation of crest, 382 feet. 

Equipment: For Piscataquis Woolen Co., one 54-inch Chase turbine and two Hercules 
turbines 36 inches and 51 inches in diameter, respectively, rated capacity, 260 
horsepower; for the Hussey Woolen Co., one 51-inch Rodney Hunt wheel of capacity 
137 horsepower; for Hussey & Goldthwaite, one wheel developing 50 horsepower. 

SMALLER POWEB.S. 

Other small plants on Piscataquis River are as follows : 

At Abbot Village, on South Branch of Kingsbury Stream near its mouth, a plant 
furnishing about 48 horsepower is used to run a sawmill owned by C. W. Brown; 
another mill within a few hundred feet furnishes about the same head; it would be pos- 
sible to combine these two plants and obtain 22 feet head at this point. 

A dam at Upper Abbot is used for the Abbot Excelsior Co. The available head 
is 13 feet and the capacity approximately 75 horsepower. There is an old privilege 
now unused at Blanchard andanother at Sherley. 



WATER POWER. 145 

SEBEC RIVER. 

1. 

Location: Milo, 

Owners: Milo Electric Light & Power Co., Boston Excelsior Co., and Milo Lumber Co. 

Use: Light, power, and lumber manufacture. 

Maximum capacity: 200 horsepower. 

Normal head: 12 feet. 

Pond: Extends upstream 4 miles. 

2. 
Location: Outlet of Sebec Lake. 
Owner: Wm. A. Appleyard. 
Use: Formerly furnished power to run a gristmill, woolen mill, tannery, and carriage 

shop. All these industries have disappeared. 
Maximum capacity: 60 horsepower. 
Normal head: 11.5 feet. 
Dam: Timber crib in poor repair. 
Remarks: Only a part of the fall has been developed by the dam. The stream has 

considerable slope for some distance below. Power could be increased to advantage. 

PLEASANT RIVER. 

Location: Brownville. 

Owner: United States Pegwood & Shank Co. 

Use: Generation of electricity for lighting, and lumber manufacture. 

Maximum capacity: 135 horsepower. 

Normal head: 11.5 to 14 feet. 

Dam: Timber crib 300 feet long. 

Equipment: One wheel under 11.5 feet head develops 35 horsepower; one wheel 

develops 100 horsepower. 
Remarks: On the east end of the dam was located a gristmill which burned in the 

spring of 1909. A new power plant is being erected (fall of 1910) by the Brownville 

Electric Light & Power Co. 

SUMMARY. 

Power developed on the main river, 63,598 horsepower, under a total 
head of 310 feet. Of this amount the Great Northern Paper Co. 
controls 40,100 horsepower, developed under a head of 185 feet. 

On Piscataquis River is developed a total of 2,599 horsepower, 
under a head of 113.5 feet. This development extends from How- 
land to Abbot, the total fall in this distance being 281 feet. 

Total developed power in Penobscot basin, 66,197 horsepower, 
under a head of 423.5 feet, exclusive of many small plants scattered 
over the basin used for sawmills, gristmills, etc. 

UNDEVELOPED WATER POWERS. 
FALL AVAILABLE. 

Of the 230-foot fall on the main river between tidewater and Med- 
way, at the mouth of the East Branch, about 120 feet has been util- 
ized, 100 feet of which is between Bangor and Oldtown, within 13 
miles of tidewater. (See Pis. VIII and IX.) 
15042°— wsp 279—12 10 



146 

Of the fall of over 800 feet on the West Branch between Medway 
and Seeboomook, 185 feet is utilized in the plants of the Great North- 
ern Paper Co. at Milhnocket, Dolby, and East Millinocket. 

On the East Branch between Medway and Chamberlain Lake is a 
fall of over 700 feet, none of which is utiUzed. 

On the Mattawamkeag between its mouth and North Bancroft, 
at the confluence of Baskahegan Stream, is a fall of 150 feet, entirely 
unused. 

In the Piscataquis basin also there is a large amount of unutilized 
power, especially on Sebec and Pleasant rivers. 

The following brief description of some of the more important 
unutilized water-power sites are based chiefly on surveys for plans 
and profiles (see p. 7 and Pis. XIII-XIX at end of volume), but in 
part on the results of reconnaissance. The suggestions for devel- 
opment include only the more obvious means. Estimates of power at 
these sites are based on run-off figures contained in the tables on pages 
136-139 and include the primary power at present available, as well 
as that which might be developed under maximum practical storage. 
As the base figures are not final, the power estimates are only 
approximate, but it should be remembered that, as the former are 
very conservative, the latter will hardly be overstated. All state- 
ments of horsepower are based on 80 per cent wheel efficiency. 

PENOBSCOT RIVER. 

Bangor to Oldtown. — The fall of the river above tidewater at Bangor 
as far as Oldtown is practically all controlled by existing dams except 
that at Marsh Island rapids, between Orono and Great Works. These 
rapids begin 7.7 miles from the Bangor dam, at an elevation of 47 
feet above sea level, and extend 2.6 miles farther upstream to eleva- 
tion 65 feet above sea level, and afford a fall of about 18 feet. The 
banks are high for the entire distance, and a dam could probably be 
built near the entrance of Blackman Stream that would utilize a 
considerable part of this undeveloped fall. With efficient operation 
of present storage facilities this privilege could be made to yield 
about 6,100 primary horsepower, and with additional development 
about 7,400 horsepower. 

The more complete development of the Penobscot between Old- 
town and Bangor has been planned, but the project has not received 
legislative approval. It is proposed to build a dam on the main river 
about 1 mile above the Oldtown dam and one on Stillwater Branch, 
thus diverting at least a portion of the waters through Pushaw Stream 
into Pushaw Lake. Thence by artificial and natural channels the 
water will be conducted to some point near Bangor, where, by the use 
of penstocks, a head of about 110 feet can be obtained at tidewater. 



U- S. GEOLOG 



WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 279 PLATE VIII 



Feet 
500 

400 

300 

200 

100 

Q 


-ft: 
O 

i 


— 


ND FALLS 

llinocket Str. 

AND FALLS 


<0 

•J 

-J 

u. 
Q 

(0 

.>1 


J 


1 


Feet 
500 

400 
300 
200 
100 



s A/brtft Twin Luke 

Norcross^\ ^^j^^t? 
Qiiakish ^^^^"W^-ai^^^^et 

\/i^hMP(md 

^ ftj fe/NTcliatou Island 
y^ ^ fMedway 

Winn \ ^ \ 




gS5/ 








1 

UJ 
UJ 
































. 




Miles 





2 


80, 82 g 

ck Island , 
VMattanaw 


Ni 86 £ 
cook Islan 


18 9 

V 

d 
land 







-^C^ 


^ ■ 


sey IS 



NCH). 



5 1 1 






^ Feet 



\ North Twin Lake 



^1 

I I: 






i s 2§ iJi 



31) a2 34 36 38 







PLAN AND PROFILE OF PENOBSCOT RIVER FROM BANGOR TO NORTH TWIN LAKE (WEST BRANCH 



WATEE POWER. 



147 



From the point of view of the engineer the work presents no serious 
difficulties, but the power developments below the proposed diversion 
and many other conflicting property interests bring up many serious 
problems. It is proposed to increase greatly the storage upon the 
various branches in connection with the project. The cost is esti- 
mated at $3,000,000 to $7,000,000, depending upon the plans adopted. 
Oldtown to Shad Pond. — From Oldtown to Shad Pond, near Milli- 
nocket, the river consists of many rapids separated by stretches of 
quick water and some comparatively slack water. The following 
table gives the name, location, elevation, and differences in elevation 
of a number of controlling points in this distance : 

Distances and elevations along Penobscot River between Oldtown and Shad Pond. 



Locality. 



Distance 

above 
Oldtown. 



Distance 
between 
points. 



Eleva- 
tion 
above 
sea level. 



Differ- 
ence in 
eleva- 
tions. 



Crest of Oldtown dam 

Olamon Stream, outlet 

Passadumkeag Rapids, head (crib) 

West Enfield dam: Foot 

Crest i 

Mohawk Rapids, foot 

Brown Islands 

Five Island Rapids: Foot 

Head 

Mattaseunk Stream 

Bartlett Brook, head of Mattaseunk Rapids 

Joe Mary Rapids 

Medway, East Branch 

Rockaliema Rapids, head 

Burnt Land Rapids, head 

Shad Pond 



Miles. 
12.25 
25.5 
30.75 
36.7 
36.7 
42.4 
58.6 
60.0 
60.6 
65.0 
67.3 
70.7 
73.6 
74.7 
75.8 



Miles. 

13.25 
5.25 
5.95 
0.00 
5.70 

16.20 
1.40 
.60 
4.40 
2.30 
3.40 
2.90 
1.10 
LIO 
6.80 



Feet. 



Feet. 



Ill 
128 
131 
152 
154 
169 
175 
182 
189 
203 
224 
230 
245 
260 
343 



Note. — The river from Burnt Land Rapids to Shad Pond is practically all developed. 

Between the slack water above Oldtov/n dam and the outlet of 
Olamon Stream, a distance of 13.25 miles, the difference in elevation 
is but 12 feet. The river is wide, contains many islands, and is bor- 
dered by much low land. Power sites are practically lacking. From 
Olamon Stream to a crib dam (used to divert logs) at the head of Pas- 
sadumkeag Rapids, a distance of 5.25 miles, the banks become higher, 
the river is narrower, and although islands are still numerous, they 
are much smaller. In this stretch there is a gradual fall of nearly 17 
feet. Between the head of Passadumkeag Rapids and the foot of 
West Enfield dam, a distance of 5.95 miles, the difference in elevation 
is only 3 feet. The West Enfield dam gives a head of 19 to 21 feet. 
In the 5.7 miles between the dam and the foot of Mohawk Rapids the 
fall is but 2 feet. 

The foot of Mohawk Rapids is at elevation 154 feet above sea level. 
If a 16-foot dam should be constructed there, the slack- water limit 
would reach the lower end of Brown Islands, 16 miles up river. Only 
a small area of lateral land would be submerged, although some dam- 



148 

age would be created at Lincoln. The minimum flow with present 
storage at Mohawk Rapids is about 3,400 second-feet. Maximum pri- 
mary development over the 16-foot dam would be equivalent to about 
4,700 horsepower; with increased storage as suggested in the table on 
page 208 the primary power would be about 5,700 horsepower. 

Between the foot of Five Island Rapids and the mouth of Mattawam- 
keag River, a distance of 2.3 miles, the fall is about 11 feet. A dam 
constructed on Five Islands Rapids, with its crest at elevation 200 
feet above sea level, would control a head of about 25 feet. The 
pondage would extend about 2i miles up Mattawamkeag River, flood 
ing out a part of Stratton Rips but apparently causing little damage 
to the town of Mattawamkeag. The roadbed of the Maine Central 
Railroad would, however, be somewhat damaged, and perhaps also the 
Canadian Pacific Railway bridge across the main river. The backwater 
would extend up the main river about 6^ miles from the dam site, per- 
haps causing some damage at Jordan Mills. The available primary 
power developed over a head of 25 feet is about 7,700 horsepower; 
that available under increased storage is 9,100 horsepower. 

Another plan would be to build a dam near Jordan Mills, 4.4 miles 
from Five Island Rapids. A dam constructed here to elevation 220 
feet above sea level would afl^ord a head of 31 feet, and the 220-foot 
contour would intersect' the present water surface 5 miles up river, be- 
tween Salmon Stream Rapids and Joe Mary Rapids. Apparently the 
pondage would cause little damage except in places to the highway. 

In the 5.8 miles between this point and the head of Burnt Land 
Rips the fall is 40 feet. The East Branch joins the main river about 
li miles below the rips at Medway. A part of this fall could probably 
be developed by a dam near the head of the Joe Mary Rapids, but the 
pondage created by a high dam would cause damage at Medway on the 
East Branch, a rise of 25 feet at the mouth backing the water up- 
stream over 7 miles. 

Between Burnt Land Rips and Shad Pond, a distance of about 6J 
miles, the fall is about 83 feet, of which 75 feet is developed. From 
Shad Pond to Quakish Lake, a distance of about 4 miles, the fall is 
more than 90 feet, all included in the development at Millinocket. 
(See p. 142.) 

WEST BRANCH OF PENOBSCOT RIVER ABOVE AMBEJEJUS LAKE. 

The valley of the West Branch of Penobscot River from Twin 
Lakes to Chesuncook Lake is rugged and picturesque. The total fall 
in this distance of 25 miles, measured from the sill of the deep gates 
of Chesuncook dam to the elevation of the sill of the deep gates of 
North Twin dam, is 444 feet. Chesuncook dam will hold a head of 
about 22 feet, and the level of the lower lakes may be raised 25 feet 



WATER POWER. 



149 



by North Twin dam. Of this 444 feet, 310 feet occurs in the first 
10 miles, and 240 in the first 5 J miles below Chesuncook dam. A 
number of abrupt falls occur in this stretch of river. The follow- 
ing table gives the name, location, elevation, and differences of eleva- 
tion of the several falls: 

Distances and elevations along West Branch of Penobscot River from Ambejejus Lake to 

Chesuncook Lake. 

[Elevation of Ambejejus Lake above sea level, 465 to 490 feet.] 



Locality. 



Distance 
from 
lake. 



Distance 
between 
points. 



Eleva- 
tion 
above sea 
level. 



Differ- 
ence in 
eleva- 
tion. 



Ambejejus Falls: Foot 

Head 

Passagormuc Falls: Foot 

Head 

Debsconeag Falls: Foot 

Head 

Pockwockomus Falls: Foot 

Head 

Abol Falls: Foot 

Head 

Sourdnahunk Falls: Foot 

Head 

Big Ambejamackamus Falls: Foot 

Head 

Big Eddy 

Sill Ripogenus dam, foot of lake 

Head of Ripogenus Lake (mean low-water surface) 
Sill of Chesuncook dam 



Miles. 
0.00 
0.40 
L87 
2.10 
5.35 
5.60 
8.50 
8.95 
9.65 
10.15 
13.30 
13.70 
16.98 
17.65 
19.60 
22.00 
24.53 
25.10 



Miles. 

0.40 
L47 

.23 
3.25 

.25 
2.90 

.45 

.70 

.50 
. 3.15 

.40 
3.28 

.67 
1.95 
2.40 
2.53 

.57 



Feet. 
o478 
488 



499 
527 
528 
549 
551 
564 
573 



Feet. 



624 
653 



883 
909 



10 
00 
10 

1 
28 

1 
21 

2 
13 

9 

25 
26 
29 
15 
214 

1 
26 



aTbe elevation of Ambejejus Lake is controlled by North Twin dam. Elevation of deep gates =465 
E le vation of flashb oards = 490 . Mean = 478 . 

b The elevation of the water surface above Sourdnahunk Falls is controlled by the dam at head of main 
pitch. Elevation of water surface at mean low water under natural conditions is about 590. Elevation 
of spillway of dam = 606. Mean = 598. 

Ambejejus and Passamagormuc falls, the first two met in going 
up the river from Ambejejus Lake, are comparatively unimportant 
as power sites on account of the backwater from the Twin Lakes 
system. Ambejejus Falls have been submerged by the erection of 
Twin dam. With water at dam crest elevation (484.6 feet above sea 
level) only about 2 feet of the faU remains unsubmerged. The 
extreme flashboard elevation on these lakes is 489.62 feet. With 
flashboards raised submergence of these faUs is complete and slack 
water extends up beyond the foot of Passamagormuc Falls. The 
elevation of the foot of Passamagormuc Falls is 488 feet above sea 
level. If additional storage should be provided for the Twin Lakes 
system, the 8-foot fall at Passamagormuc would also be largely 
submerged. 

At Debsconeag Falls, about 5 J miles above the lower lakes, the 
river descends about 28 feet in one-fourth mile. The upper portion 
of the faU is over solid ledge, the lower over rocks and bowlders. The 
land is high on both sides, and affords an excellent dam site. The 
available head could easily be increased 5 feet. The distance to the 



150 WATEE RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 



next fall above is nearly 3 miles, and the river affords considerable 
natural pondage. A 5-foot vertical increase would create much more. 
A few sporting camps are located within this area, which would 
probably be damaged by any considerable rise, but otherwise the 
only damage would be to timber. 

In the stretch between the head of Debsconeag and the foot of 
Pockwockomus falls the river is practically level, but at Pock- 
wockomus it descends about 21 feet in one-half mile, making two 
pitches. The right bank is high, but the left slopes gradually. The 
locality affords a very good dam site, and but little pondage would be 
caused by raising the level of the water above the falls. 

About 0.7 mile farther upstream, or 9.65 miles above the lower 
lakes, is Abol Falls. This fall is about one-half mile long and is 
composed of two pitches, the total descent being about 13 feet. The 
bed is rough, with many rocks and bowlders, and the banks are fairly 
high on both sides. Dam sites are available, though the conditions 
are not so favorable as at the two previous sites. The raising of the 
water surface to any great extent above the falls would create con- 
siderable pondage and would flood out numerous lagoons. Abol and 
Katahdin streams enter just above the head of Abol Falls, their 
waters coming from the vicinity of Mount Katahdin. Between this 
point and the foot of Sourdnahunk Falls, a distance of 2.75 miles, 
the current is stronger and there are occasional rips. 

Sourdnahunk Falls is nearly 13 miles above the lower lakes, is about 
0.4 mile long, and makes a natural descent of about 17 feet. At the 
head of the upper pitch is a log-driving dam, the spillway of which 
is at elevation 606 feet above sea level; as the elevation of the water 
surface at foot of lower pitch is 573 feet, the difference is 33 feet. The 
fall is crooked, rough, and rocky, the upper portion being over and 
through the solid ledge. The natural upper pitch is abrupt and about 
9 feet high; it affords an excellent dam site between ledge abutments. 
The present dam forms a pond, called Sourdnahunk dead water, which 
stretches back 2.2 miles, and in places is of considerable width and 
depth. 

From the head of Sourdnahunk dead water to the foot of Big 
Ambejamackamus Falls, 1 mile farther upstream, extends what is 
known as the Horserace. The elevation of the water surface at the 
head of the Horserace is 624 feet above sea level; the level of the foot 
is controlled by Sourdnahunk dead water, which, as previously 
explained, is in turn controlled by the dam below. The fall of 15 to 
30 feet is over a rocky bed, between gradually sloping banks, and is 
distributed very evenly through the entire distance. 

Immediately above the Horserace commences Big Ambejamack- 
amus Falls. The elevation of the foot of the falls is 624 feet; that 



WATER POWER. l5l 

of the head is 653 feet above sea level; the fall is therefore 29 feet in 
0.67 mile. Through most of this distance the stream flows over the 
solid ledge between high banks and is very crooked. The locality 
affords an excellent dam site. 

Between Big Ambejamackamus and the Big Eddy, a distance of 
1.95 miles, the fall is about 15 feet. It is made up of several pitches 
and considerable reaches of rapid water. In the 2.4 miles between 
the Big Eddy and Ripogenus dam, at the foot of Ripogenus Lake, 
the fall is 214 feet. In this stretch the river is a torrent, flowing 
through ledges with almost vertical sides, 40 to 75 feet high. In many 
places it is very narrow and affords excellent dam sites. The drainage 
area at the outlet of Ripogenus Lake is 1,410 square miles. Under 
natural conditions this should provide an extreme low-water flow of 
perhaps 400 second-feet, which would give, under a fall of 214 feet, 
nearly 10,000 gross horsepower. Under fuUy developed storage, as 
indicated on page 208, this could be increased to upward of 40,000 
horsepower. 

The difference in elevation between the mean low-water surface of 
Ripogenus Lake and the sill of the deep gates of Chesuncook dam 
is about 26 feet; the fall is made in about 0.57 mile, with most of it, 
however, in less than half this distance. The dam at the outlet of 
Chesuncook is a timber crib structure, about 1,500 feet long, and 
controls a head of about 22 feet; it is used for storage for log driving 
and power. This dam is 25.1 miles above the lower lakes. 

From Chesuncook dam to the head of Chesuncook Lake the dis- 
tance is about 16 miles, and that from the head of the lake to See- 
boomook dam is 29 miles. The elevation of the water surface of 
Seeboomook dam, with gates open, is 1,041.5 feet above sea level. 
As the elevation of the water of Chesuncook Lake when full is 930.6 
feet, the total fall in the 29 miles is 111 feet. Within 4 J miles from 
Chesuncook are Pine Stream Falls and Rocky Rips. The former 
is entirely and the latter partly submerged when the lake surface is 
at elevation 930.6 feet, the pondage under this condition extending 
4.3 miles up the river. At ordinary stages Rocky Rips affords a fall 
of about 7 feet, but high water in the lake reduces it to about 2 feet. 
The head of Rocky Rips is 4.6 miles from the lake at elevation 932.6 
feet. Between Rocky Rips and the foot of Fox Hole Rips, about 7 
miles from Chesuncook, the fall is about 1.4 feet. The head of Fox 
Hole Rips is about 8.65 miles above the lake and is at elevation 952 
feet (approximately), giving a fall of about 18 feet in a distance of 
1.65 miles. The best dam site is probably just below the island near 
the head of the rips. At this point the elevation of the water surface 
is about 945 feet above sea level and a dam raising the water 20 feet, 
or to elevation 965 feet, would afford a total head of about 30 feet 



152 WATEE RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

by means of a canal and penstock on the right bank. The 965-foot 
contour would meet the present water surface of the river at a dis- 
tance of 25.25 miles from Chesuncook, forming a pond 17 miles long. 
This would do no especial harm in the vicinity of Joe Smith's Half- 
way House, as the banks at this place are quite high and his main 
buildings are situated at elevation about 980 feet. Such a pond 
would probably raise Lobster Lake slightly, the elevation of the river 
at Lobster Stream inlet being about 962 feet above sea level. No 
data are available as to the width of this pond in the low stretch 
of river between the rips and a point some distance above Northeast 
Carry, but it would undoubtedly be considerable. The natural 
stretch of slack water ends about 4.65 miles above Northeast Carry, 
or 24.9 miles from Chesuncook. 

In the IJ miles between Northeast Carry and the foot of the 
Roll dam the fall is about 14 feet. The elevation of the top of the 
Roll dam is 985 feet and the fall is about 9 feet. In the next three- 
quarters of a mile above, the fall is 27 feet, the shores are fairly steep, 
and the bed rough and rocky. This 27-foot fall may be said to consti- 
tute the lower pitch of Seeboomook Falls; another pitch of about 4 
feet is made 28 miles from Chesuncook, but the upper pitch is located 
28.9 miles from the lake, or about 2J miles above the Roll dam, the 
foot of this pitch being at elevation 1,019 feet above sea level. The 
water surface above the dam at this point, when the gates are open, 
is at elevation 1,041.5, giving a fall of 22 J feet; the elevation of the 
crest of the dam is at 1,050.6. This dam is of rough timber con- 
struction and is used for log driving. 

EAST BRANCH OF PENOBSCOT RIVER. 
MEDWAY TO GRAND LAKE. 

The East Branch differs from the West Branch in having a steadier 
fall and fewer abrupt pitches, and it is therefore less attractive for 
power development than the West Branch. 

The adjacent country, like that bordering the West Branch, is 
largely timber and wild land, and power can be developed without 
damage to property. 

Between Medway, at the mouth of the East Branch, and Grand 
Lake, about 47.5 miles, the fall is 408 feet, it is wholly undeveloped, 
and is quite evenly distributed. 

The following table gives the name, location, elevation, and differ- 
ences of elevation of the falls between Medway and Grand Lake: 



WATER POWER. 153 

Falls on East Branch of Penobscot River between Medway and Grand Lahe. 



Locality. 



Distance 

above 
Medway. 



Distance 
between 
points. 



Eleva- 
tion 
above 
sea level. 



Differ- 
ence 
in eleva- 
tion. 



Medway 

Ledge Falls: Foot 

Head 

Rocky Rips: Foot 

Head 

Grindstone Falls: Foot 

Head 

Crowfoot Falls: Foot 

Head 

Whetstone Falls: Foot 

Head 

Matagamon House 

Wessataquoik Stream 

East Branch crossing 

Little Seboeis River 

Seboeis River 

Lower Monument line 

Little Spring Brook 

Big Spring Brook 

The Grand Falls: 

Bowlin Pitch: Foot 

Head 

Hulling Machine: Foot 

Head . . . 

Grand Pitch: Foot 

Head 

Pond Pitch: Foot 

Head 

Haskell Rock Pitch: Foot. 
Head 

Stair Falls: Foot 

Head 

Sill of Grand Lake dam ... 



Miles. 
0.0 
2.1 
2.4 
7.1 
7.4 
8.3 
9.4 
11.2 
11.3 
20.5 
20.9 
22.6 
23.5 
24.3 
24.8 
26.8 
27.7 
33.7 
36.1 

37.1 
37.2 
38.1 
38.3 
39.0 
39.1 
39.7 
39.8 
40.1 
40.8 
41.7 
42.5 
47.5 



Miles. 

2.1 
.3 

4.7 
.3 



.5 
2.0 

.9 
6.0 

2.4 

1.0 

.1 
.9 
.2 
.7 
.1 
.6 
.1 
.3 
.7 



Feet. 
233 
241 
247 
258 
265 
271 
301 
301 
303 
330 
341 
342 
345 
347 
347 
348 
351 
396 
425 

433 

438 
446 
468 
482 
501 
520 
531 
537 
580 
587 
605 
641.2 



Feet. 



In the 2.1 miles between Medway and Ledge Falls the fall is about 
8 feet, the most of this occurring in the upper half of the distance. 
At Ledge Falls the river makes a descent of 6 feet in 0.3 mile. About 
1,000 feet from the mouth of the East Branch is an excellent dam 
site; a head of about 20 feet could be obtained at this point and the 
pondage would cause damage only to a newly constructed railroad 
and to farming lands. 

At Ledge Falls a dam 700 to 1,000 feet long would afford a head 
of about 20 feet; the pond would extend about 5 miles up river, 
would damage farming lands, and in places would overflow the 
highway. 

Ledge Falls is about 5.9 miles below the foot of Grindstone Falls, 
which is 8.3 miles above Medway. At Grindstone the river makes a 
descent of 30 feet in a distance of 1.1 miles, the head of the falls 
being located only a short distance below the Bangor & Aroostook 
Railroad bridge. Grindstone Falls probably affords the best power 
site on the East Branch, taking into consideration the available head, 
flow, and proximity to the railroad. Near the foot of the upper 
pitch is an excellent site for dam about 800 feet long between solid 
ledge abutments and very high banks. The fall is, for the most part, 
over ledge, the stratification planes of which are almost perpendicu- 



154 WATEB RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

lar to the current. The head might possibly be increased 8 to 10 
feet without creating much damage; an increase of about 20 feet, 
however, would submerge most of the buildings near the railroad 
station, and would require railing the railroad track several feet. 
The regular gaging station of the United States Geological Survey is 
located at this bridge, the drainage area at this point being 1,100 
square miles. 

Between the head of Grindstone Falls and the foot of Whetstone 
Falls, a distance of 11.2 miles, the fall is about 29 feet. At Whetstone 
Falls a descent of 11 feet in 0.4 mile is made in two pitches with a 
short stretch of slack water between. The bed is rough and is similar 
to that at Grindstone Falls. The shores are ledgy, with compara- 
tively low banks, and little increase in head over the natural fall could 
be gained by constructing a dam. On the whole this power site is 
not attractive. 

From the head of Whetstone Falls to a point about one-half mile 
below the mouth of Wessataquoik River, a distance of 2 miles, the 
land is very low. Above this point the banks are higher, especially 
the left, up to Seboeis River, where low land again begins, the 
fall in about 6 miles being OJ feet. This low stretch continues to 
and above ' 'Monument Line,'' about 1 mile above Seboeis River, 
where a large expanse of meadow is entirely under water during the 
spring freshets. In the 9.4 miles between Monument Line and the 
foot of Bowlin Falls the fall is about 82 feet, or nearly 9 feet per 
mile, rather uniformly distributed. In this stretch the stream flows 
over gravel and bowlders and between comparatively low banks; 
not more than from 10 to 15 feet of the fall could be utilized at any 
one point and there would be much overflowed land. A dam about 
three-quarters of a mile below the ^'Devils Hole" would afford from 
12 to 15 feet head, and would back the water about IJ miles upstream. 
The dam would probably need to be at least 1,000 feet long to obtain 
this head. 

A head of 15 to 20 feet could be obtained by building a 600-foot 
dam about 0.9 mile below the Hatchery, but with a head of 20 feet 
the water would flow out the Hatchery and would meet the present 
water surface 1.3 miles above; the only other damage done would be 
to standing timber and would probably be small. 

Bowlin Falls, the lowest pitch of the Grand FaUs, is 37.1 miles 
above Medway; the fall is 5 feet in 0.1 mile. A dam built about 
1,500 feet below the faUs could obtain a head of 20 feet; the pond 
would flood the lower pitch of the ^'Hulling Machine," but would 
cause little damage. The banks are in general high, the shores are 
rough and rocky, with ledge outcropping in many places, and several 
excellent sites for a dam 300 to 400 feet long are available. 



WATER POWER. 155 

The foot of Hulling Machine is 0.9 mile above the head of Bowlin 
Falls. The river takes a crooked course between precipitous ledge 
banks, and ,the fall is about 22 feet in 0.2 mile. The locality affords 
many excellent dam sites, and a head of 25 feet is obtainable without 
difficulty. By building a dam near the head of the Hulling Machine 
and using a penstock below, 35 to 40 feet head could be utilized. 
Under the latter conditions the dam would be about 400 feet long, 
with a wing for a short distance on the left banli. Backwater would 
extend nearly to the foot of Grand Pitch, a distance of 0.6 mile. 
The banks are so high throughout this distance that no pond of any 
considerable width would be created. 

At Grand Pitch, 39 miles above Medway, and 0.7 mile above the 
head of Hulling Machine, the river makes an almost sheer drop 
through the solid ledge, descending about 19 feet in a distance of 
about 500 feet. A 28 to 30 foot fall could be obtained by building 
a dam at this point; the backwater would extend about 1,800 feet 
upstream and would cause little overflow. The cost of construction 
would probably be less here than at any other site on the river. 

Haskell Rock Pitch, 1 mile above the head of Grand Pitch, is com- 
posed of two separate falls, with slack water between; the total fall 
is 43 feet in 0.7 mile. The upper pitch — about 36 feet in a distance 
of about 1,900 feet — is made through a solid ledge; the lower 7 feet, 
in a distance of about 1,500 feet, through banks composed of rocks 
and earth. The water boils through this fall over rocks and bowl- 
ders, the banks being rather low. Probably not more than the nat- 
ural fall could be readily developed, and that only by placing a dam 
near the head of the first pitch and using a penstock below. The 
country above is wide and swampy, any rise in the natural water 
surface flooding large areas. Under a 5-foot rise the pondage would 
extend back very nearly to the foot of Stair Falls. 

Stair Falls, the last pitch of the Grand Falls, is located 41.7 miles 
from Medway, and 0.9 mile from the head of Haskell Rock. Through- 
out its length the fall is made over the same peculiar ledge formation 
observed at Grindstone. The total fall is about 18 feet in a distance 
of 0.8 mile. The shores are low for the entire distance and good 
dam sites are lacking. 

A short distance above Stair Falls the river is very crooked, flowing 
through a very low country; the fall for about 3 miles is about 7 feet. 
In the 5 miles between the head of Stair FaUs and the sill of the gates 
of Grand Lake dam the total faU is about 36 feet. Of this amount 
16 feet occurs in the first one-half mile below the dam, and 18 feet 
in the first mile. The head held by the present dam, which is used 
entirely for log driving, is about 14 feet. A dam 200 to 300 feet 
long and of any reasonable height could be built at this point between 



156 WATER EESOUKCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

ledge abutments, except for several small chamiels now closed by 
cribwork and piling. The present dam, although founded between 
excellent ledge abutments, is a rather frail timber-crib structure 
about 185 feet long, having 5 gates 8 feet wide and 1 sluice gate 
17 feet wide. 

WEBSTER BROOK AND EAST BRANCH OF PENOBSCOT RIVER. 

As previously stated, Webster Brook has now become the con- 
necting link between the East Branch and its main headwaters. 
The distance from Telos dam to the head of Second Lake is 12.5 
miles, and the fall in this distance is 294.2 feet, measured from the 
sill of the gates of Telos to the sill of Grand Lake dam, the latter 
holding a head of 14 feet and the former a head of 13 feet, of which 
only 10 feet can be used. 

Webster Brook and East Branch unite a short distance from the 
head of Second Grand Lake, the distance of Third Lake from the 
point of junction being about 5.9 miles, and the fall in this distance 
being about 95 feet. 

In the lower part of its course Webster Brook flows over a gravel 
bed, which soon becomes rough and rocky, and one-half mile above 
its mouth its elevation is 678 feet above sea level, or 37 feet higher 
than the elevation of the sill of Grand Lake dam. From this point 
to a point about 250 feet above Grand Pitch the distance is about 
0.1 mile and the fall is 35 feet, of which 16 feet is made at Grand 
Pitch in a nearly sheer drop and 7 feet in the 250 feet above the falls. 
From the head of Grand Pitch to the dam at Indian Pitch is about 
2.1 miles, and the fall is this distance, measured from the sill of the 
dam, is about 62 feet. This dam is built of logs, is about 75 feet 
long, is controlled by two 12-foot gates, and will hold a head of about 
8 feet. It is used simply for ^ 'flushing,'^ is about 3 years old, and is 
in good repair. 

In the 6 miles between Indian Pitch and Webster Lake the ^fall 
is about 116 feet, considered from the sill of Webster dam to that of 
Indian Pitch dam. 

Webster Lake is 3 miles long, the remaining fall of 44 feet being 
in the 0.9 mile from its head to the sill of Telos dam. This distance 
is rough and rocky, with high banks and shores on each side. Through- 
out its entire course the brook is for the most part a boiling torrent, 
although there are stretches where the current is simply strong and 
short stretches of slack water. The banks are low first on one side 
and then on the other, although as a rule they hold good. Many 
excellent dam sites are found along this stream from Second Grand 
Lake to Telos, and although surveys were not made to determine 
the topography, it is probable that heads of 15 to 40 feet could be 



WATER POWER. 



157 



developed. The drainage area at the mouth of Webster Brook 
comprises only about 295 square miles, although excellent storage 
facilities exist above. 

Between the sill of Grand Lake and that of the dam located at 
the outlet of Third Lake on East Branch the fall is about 110 
feet, the elevation of the latter sill being about 751 feet above 
sea level. The fall is fairly uniform, with some abrupt pitches, 
and strong water separated by stretches of dead water. About 
0.8 mile above the mouth is an old dam, the elevation of the water 
surface just above being 671 feet above sea level, or 30 feet above 
the elevation of the sill of Grand Lake dam. There is a fall here 
of about 7 feet. About 0.4 mile farther upstream is a fall of 
about 3 feet, at the foot of about a mile of dead water. Bog 
Brook comes in on the left bank about 3.1 miles from mouth; 
at this point there is a 4-foot fall, the elevation of water surface 
above being about 690 feet above sea level. Brayley Brook enters 
on the right bank 4.3 miles from mouth, the elevation of the 
water surface here being about 705 feet above sea level. Between 
the mouth of Brayley Brook and the outlet of Third Lake the fall is 
nearly uniform, the amount being about 46 feet in the remaining 1.6 
miles. The timber crib dam at the outlet, used for log driving, is 
225 feet long, holds 9.7 feet head, and is in good condition; it is 
about 5 years old. Owing to low land in the vicinity of the dam, it 
is probable that not much more head could be held than at present. 

The following table shows the relative elevations of each stream : 

Elevations along Webster Brook and East Branch of Penobscot River. 
Webster Brook. 



Locality. 


Distance. 


Elevation. 


Water surface at junction of two streams 


Miles. 

.5 


Feet. 

657 


Foot of Roll dam 


678 


Head of Roll dam (250 feet farther up) 


690 


Head of Grand Pitch .... . .... 


.6 


706 


250 feet above Grand Pitch 


713 


Sill of Indian Pitch dam 


2.7 
2.7 

8.7 
12.5 


775 


Crest of Indian Pitch dam 


683 


Sill of Webster Lake dam 


891 


Sill of Telos Lake dam* 


935.4 







East Branch of Penobscot River. 







.8 


657 


Old dam 




500 feet below 


664 


Just above 




671 


Falls 


1.2 
2.2 
3.1 
4.3 
5.9 


674 


Head of dead water 


674 


Bog Brook 


690 


Brayley Brook 


705 


Sill of Third Lake dam 


751 







158 WATER RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

MATTAWAMKEAG RIVER. 

The Mattawamkeag, which joins the Penobscot at the town of Mat- 
tawamkeag, 62.25 miles above Bangor dam, drains an area comprising 
1,500 square miles. Though the available fall on the Mattawamkeag 
is not so large as on the tributaries previously discussed, much of it 
is capable of economic development, and it is all within easy reach 
of the Maine Central Railroad. 

Between the mouth of the Mattawamkeag River and the mouth 
of Baskahegan Stream the distance is about 35 miles and the total 
fall is 150 feet. Dead water occurs in only two places, but one of 
these is more than 11 miles long; in the other part of the course the 
current is swift and in some places rapids are formed. 

For the purpose of this general discussion the river will be divided 
into five stretches: 

1. From Penobscot River to the mouth of Carlisle Brook, which 
is located near the Mattawamkeag-Kingman town line; this stretch 
is 8 miles long and the total fall is 108.5 feet, two-thirds of which 
occurs in about 2 miles. This is the largest proportionate fall on 
the river. The shores in general are of gravel or ledge, rise high 
above the river, ^ and are wooded most of the way. 

2. From the mouth of CarHsle Brook to the canoe landing at 
Kingman village. This stretch is 3.1 miles long and is known as 
Kingman deadwater. Quick water begins just above the canoe 
landing. The river banks are low and wooded and the country is more 
or less swampy in the vicinity of the river. 

3. Between the foot of the swift water at Kingman village and 
Grants Mills, the distance is 2 miles, and the fall is 19.3 feet. The 
banks are fairly high nearly to Grants Mills, where they are rather 
low. The shores are wooded on the left bank and open on the right; 
they are composed of gravel, with many large bowlders. 

4. Between Grants Mills and the Wytopitlock highway bridge is a 
stretch known as the Drew dead water; it is 11.2 miles long, and in 
this distance the total fall is only 0.2 feet. The shores are low and 
wooded. The surrounding country is low and swampy, especially in 
the vicinity of Mud Lake and the Oxbow. 

5. Between Wytopitlock highway bridge and the mouth of Bask- 
hegan Stream at North Bancroft, a distance of 9.6 miles, the fall is 
22 feet. The banks are in most places high, especially where the 
greatest fall occurs. Some areas are under cultivation, but most of 
the country is wooded. 

The first well-defined rapids on the river occur at Stratton Rips, 
about IJ miles above the Maine Central Railroad bridge at Matta- 



WATER POWEE. 159 

wamkeag. Below this point there is a fall of 8 feet to the junction of 
the Mattawamkeag with the main river — not enough to be of value 
for development. Beginning with Stratton Rips, there are, in the 
next 2J miles above, a number of important falls. At Stratton Rips 
the river falls 4 feet in a distance of 1,500 feet. Both banks are 
high at this point. Ledge exists for several hundred feet along the 
right bank, outcropping to a height of 20 feet above the river, and 
doubtless underlies the high land farther back from the river. The 
right bank is of gravel, rises steeply, and is wooded. The water 
surface has an elevation of 197 feet above sea level where the ledge 
occurs; not over 400 feet from either bank, the elevation is 250 feet 
above sea level. 

At Ledge Falls, If miles above Stratton Rips, the stream makes a 
descent of 3 feet in a distance of 300 feet. On both banks are ledges? 
those on the left being about 10 feet high and those on the right 
bank higher. The banks are steep back of the ledges. 

Less than one-half mile above Ledge Falls are the largest falls on the 
river. Here the river makes two distinct pitches about 700 feet 
apart, called Lower and Upper Gordon Falls. At the lower pitch 
the fall is 6 feet in a distance of 500 feet; at the upper the fall is 13 
feet in a distance of 700 feet. Both banks consist of ledge, which 
shows for a distance of 10 feet above the river. Back of this ledge 
the right bank rises very steeply, but on the left the rise is more 
gradual. 

From the head of Upper Gordon Falls to the foot of Stratton Rips 
there is a total fall of 48 feet, all occurring in a distance of about 2J 
miles. The banks are high through the entire distance, except near 
the mouth of Mattakeunk Brook, which drains an area that rises 
rapidly back from the Mattawamkeag. Dams that would provide 
a good head could be built at any of the places mentioned. It would 
be feasible to construct a dam at Stratton Rips, flooding back to the 
foot of Lower Gordon Falls and giving a head of about 24 feet, and a 
second dam at Lower Gordon Falls flooding out Upper Gordon Falls, 
giving an additional 24-foot head. Or it would be entirely feasible 
to erect the dam at Stratton Rips, wliich would flood out Upper Gor- 
don Falls and give a head of about 50 feet. Either of these dams 
would aid materially in log driving by making slack water over a por- 
tion of the river which is now difficult to drive. Formerly some sort of 
a structure existed at Lower Gordon Falls, designed to flood out the 
rocks, but only the shore ends of the structure now remain. 

About 1 mile above upper Gordon Falls is the beginning of a stretch 
of very quick water. The lower end of this stretch is called Slew- 
gundy, and the upper part Scatterack. The total length is about 1^ 



160 

miles, and the total fall in this distance is 40 feet. The bed is very 
rough and the banks are ledges, in some places 50 feet high. The 
river is about 200 feet wide in the Slewgundy. All or nearly all of 
this fall could be developed by a dam built near the lower end. 

One mile above the Scatterack is Rams Head Falls, which is made 
up of two short stretches of quick water about 1,000 feet apart. At 
the lower stretch the fall is 5 feet in 1,000 feet, at the upper the fall is 
2 feet in 100 feet. Kingman deadwater begins at this point. A 
dam built at the foot of the quick water just above Scatterack would 
provide a head of about 10 feet; it would flood out Kingman dead- 
water to some extent. 

The current is swift from Kingman village to Grants Mills, and in 
two places there is a decided pitch. One is at Kingman highway 
bridge, where there is a fall of 3 feet in 500 feet, and the other at the 
head of the quick water, near an island just below Grants Mills, 
where a fall of 8 feet occurs in a distance of 1,800 feet. The right 
bank is high and steep all the way; the left bank rises gradually to a 
height of 20 to 30 feet above the river within a few hundred feet from 
the shore. 

Mills at Kingman formerly utilized part of the power, but they have 
long since been burned, and nothing remains but the crib wing walls 
on each side. At the site of this old dam both the banks are steep, 
and ledge outcrops on the left. The site could be utiUzed for a dam 
designed to flood out the falls up to the slack water at Grants Mills 
and obtain a head of about 15 feet. Under these conditions the water 
surface would be about 5 feet below the Kingman Bridge. Probably 
the Drew deadwater could not be flooded out to any extent, as the 
land is low on both sides of the river, and, although data are not at 
hand to verify the statement, such flowage would doubtless cause 
much damage. 

No decided falls occur in the upper section of the river, but at a 
number of places the river falls about a foot or two in a short distance. 
The most favorable dam site is at the village of Bancroft. The cur- 
rent is swift from the Maine Central Railroad bridge down to a point 
near the Reed-Bancroft town line, a distance of about 1,500 feet. 
The banks are extremely high and are of shale ledge. The river is 
narrow, and it would be possible to develop from 10 to 15 feet head, 
as in most places the shores are either steep or rise gradually from the 
river. 



WATER POWER. 



161 



The following table shows distances from the mouth and elevations 
of controlling features along the Mattawamkeag River: 

Distances and elevations along Mattawamkeag River. 



Locality. 



Distance 


Distance 


Elevation 


from 


between 


above 


mouth. 


points. 


sea level. 


Miles. 


Miles. 


Feet. 







187 


0.6 


0.6 


186 


2.1 


1.5 


195 


2.5 


.4 


199 


3.4 


.9 


210 


3.85 


.45 


215 


3.90 


.05 


218 


4.3 


.4 


221 


4.4 


.1 


227 


4.5 


.1 


229 


4.7 


.2 


242 


4.9 


.2 


243 


5.2 


.3 


244 


5.6 


.4 


247 


6.3 


.7 


271 


7.2 


.9 


280 


7.3 


.1 


287 


8.1 


.8 


288 


8.2 


.1 


288 


8.4 


.2 


293 


8.9 


.5 


295 


10.1 


1.2 


295 


10.4 


.3 


295 


12.2 


1.8 


299 


12.5 


.3 


301 


12.6 


.1 


304 


13.1 


.5 


307 


13.5 


.4 


314 


13.8 


.3 


314 


13.9 


.1 


314 


14.2 


.3 


314 


15.3 


1.1 


314 


16.3 


1.0 


314 


17.4 


1.1 


314 


19.1 


1.7 


314 


19.5 


.4 


314 


20.5 


1.0 


314 


23.3 


2.8 


315 


25.3 


2.0 


315 


25.6 


.3 


315 


26.6 


1.0 


316 


27.7 


1.1 


318 


28.1 


.4 


320 


29.1 


1.0 


325 


29.6 


.5 


328 


30.0 


.4 


330 


30.5 


.5 


333 


33.2 


2.7 


337 



Differ- 
ence in 
elevation 



Mouth 

United States Geological Survey gage zero, Michigan Central 

Railroad bridge 

Stratton Rips: Foot 

Head 

Mattakeunk Brook 

Ledge Falls: Foot 

Head 

Gordon Lower Falls: Foot 

Head 

Gordon Upper Falls: Foot 

Head 

Little Gordon Brook 

Gordon Brook 

Slewgundy: Foot 

Head 

Scatterack: Foot 

Head 

Whitton Brook 

Rams Head Falls: Foot 

Head 

Carlisle Brook 

Sly Pond Outlet 

Molunkus Stream 

Old dam at Kingman 

Kingman Bridge Rips: Foot 

Head 

Rips: Foot 

Head 

Grants Mills 

Cross Honey Brook 

Mattagoneas Brook 

Spragues Mill 

Mud Brook 

Oxbow 

Big Meadow Brook 

Jenkins Cove 

Libby Meadow Brook 

Wytopitlock Stream 

Do 

Flinn Brook 

Hawkins Brook 

Bog Brook 

Woodchuck Island 

Bancroft, Michigan Central Railroad bridge 

Smith Brook 

Seths Islands: Foot 

Head 

Baskahegan Stream, mouth 



Feet. 



PISCATAQUIS RIVER. 

Data relating to undeveloped water-power sites on Piscataquis 
River were obtained by a quick reconnaissance trip and from a study 
of the plane table sheets of the 1910 survey. The territory covered 
extends from the mouth of the river at Howland to a point within 2 
miles of Blanchard, a distance of 59.8 miles. In this distance the 
total fall is 398 feet, of which only 92 feet have been developed. 

The elevation of the river at its mouth is 127 feet above sea level; 
the top of the dam of the Howland Pulp & Paper Co. is 140 feet above 
sea level, and the pondage extends nearly 2 miles upstream. Seboeis 
15042°— wsp 279—12 11 



162 WATER EESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Stream enters on the left side 2.4 miles above the mouth, and the 
elevation of the water surface here is 142 feet. At Swallowtail 
Island, 4 miles from the mouth, the elevation of the water surface is 
146 feet above sea level. Seven miles from the mouth, at the entrance 
of Hardy Brook or the foot of the Mcintosh Rips, the elevation is 161 
feet above sea level. 

At Mcintosh Rips the river falls 6 feet in 0.3 mile, and in 0.5 mile 
drops 8 feet. At the mouth of Roberts Run, a mile farther upstream, 
the elevation of the water surface is 175 feet above sea level; and 0.3 
mile above Roberts Run is the foot of Clapps Rips which continue 
upstream for just 1 mile; the fall through the rips is 14 feet. 

At the foot of Schootarza Rips, 10.3 miles above the mouth of the 
river, the elevation is 194 feet above sea level; in the 0.7 mile up to 
the mouth of Schootarza Stream the fall is 16 feet, of which 3 feet is 
concentrated at the falls in a distance of 500 feet. A series of falls 
and rips, known as Schoodic Falls extend from this point up to the 
mouth of Schoodic Stream 12.3 miles from the mouth, where the 
elevation is 228 feet above' sea level. The banks of the river are high 
throughout this stretch and for some distance above the mouth of 
Schoodic Stream. It is probable that a dam of any reasonable height 
could be constructed 1 to 14 miles below the mouth of Schoodic 
Stream. Some ledge appears, but for the most part the banks 
appear to be gravel and loam. The river at this point is perhaps 300 
feet wide and the site is probably the best remaining undeveloped on 
the river. 

At Campbells Rips, 15.7 miles above the mouth of the river, a fall of 
5 feet is made in 0.1 mile. In the 2.3 miles between the rips and 
Upper Ferry, where the elevation is 257 feet above sea level, the slope 
is comparatively gradual, and the total fall is 8 feet. In the next 
stretch of 4.5 miles, or to within 0.2 mile of the mouth of Sebec River, 
the Piscataquis is practical ponded, as the fall is only 1 foot in this 
distance. Immediately above the mouth of Sebec River, a 5-foot 
fall is made by rips in a distance of 0.2 mile. 

Between this point and the foot of the dam of the Dover & Foxcroft 
Light & Heat Co., 36.7 miles from the mouth, where the Bangor & 
Aroostook Railroad crosses the Piscataquis, and in the next stretch 
above, or to the foot of the rips about one-half mile below Foxcroft, 
the slope of the river is gradual. At the rips the river drops 6 feet 
in a distance of 0.3 mile, but not much backwater could be created, 
on account of the dam of the American Woolen Co., immediately 
above. 

Just above the mouth of Salmon Stream a fall of 2 feet occurs in 
about 400 feet. The river is practically all developed as far as Abbot 
village, where the elevation of the top of the dam is 421 feet. The 
distance from the mouth of the river to this place is 54 miles. 



WATER POWEE. 



163 



In the next 5.8 miles above to the head of Barrows Falls, about 2 
miles below Blanchard, the fall is 104 feet. The entire stretch is a 
succession of rips and quick water. \ 

The following table gives the distances and elevations of the 
several controlling points along the main river. 

Elevations along Piscataquis River. 



Locality. 



Mouth, of river 

Top of dam of Howland Pulp & Paper Co 

Mouth of Seboois Stream 

Swallowtail Island 

Hardy Brook: Foot of Mcintosh Rips 

Head of Mcintosh Rips 

Roberts Run 

Clapps Rips: Foot 

Head 

Schootarza Rips: Foot 

Head 

Schootarza Stream 

Schoodic Falls, head 

Schoodic Stream, mouth 

Little Schoodic Stream, mouth 

Campbells Rips: Foot 

Head 

Alder Brook, mouth 

Upper Ferry 

Pleasant River, mouth 

Sebec River, mouth 

Rips 

Dover & Foxcroft Light & Heat Co., dam: Foot 

Top. 

Rips 

Rips 

American Woolen Co., Dover, dam: Foot 

Top 

Mayo & Son, dam: Foot 

Top 

Dover & Foxcroft Water Co., dam: Foot 

Top 

Salmon Stream, mouth 

Salmon Rips, head 

Guilford Dam: Foot 

Top 

South Branch or Kingsbury Stream, mouth 

Abbot village bridge 

Upper Abbot Dam: Foot 

Top 

Barrow Falls, head 



Distance 

from 

mouth. 



Miles. 


2. 

4. 

7. 

7. 



Distance 
between 
points. 



Mies. 

0.1 
2.3 
1.6 
3.0 

.5 
1.0 

.3 
1.0 

.5 

.7 

1.2 

.1 
1.8 
L6 

.1 
L3 

.9 
1.1 
3.6 

.2 
13.8 

2.4 

.3 

,3 


.5 


1.6 

L9 

.1 
4.9 

3.2 

.8 
L3 

5.8 



Eleva- 
tion 
above sea 
level. 



Feet. 
127 
140 
142 
146 
161 
169 
175 
177 
191 
194 
210 
210 
228 
228 
234 
244 
249 
253 
257 
257 
259 
264 
283.8 
295.3 
297 
303 
305 
327 
327 
339 
342 
353.5 
357 
359 
372 
382 
385 
390 
408 
421 
525 



Differ- 
ence in 
eleva- 
tion. 



Feet. 



13 

2 

4 
15 

8 

6 

2 
14 

3 
16 


18 



6 
10 

5 

4 

4 



2 

5 

19.8 
11.5 

1.7 

6 

2 
22.0 


12.0 

3.0 
11.5 

3.5 

2.0 
13.0 
10.0 

3.0 

5 

18 

13 

104 



SEBEC RIVER. 



On Sebec River two power sites are undeveloped. At Sebec Falls, 
6.2 miles from the mouth, a fall of 10 feet is made in a distance of 0.3 
mile. Immediately below the dam at the outlet of Sebec Lake are 
undeveloped rips, through which the fall is 9 feet in a distance of 
about 700 feet. By the construction of a dam at Sebec Falls, flood- 
ing to an elevation of 316 feet above sea level or to the foot of the 
present dam at the outlet of the lake, a head of 36 feet can be obtained. 
This site is now held by parties contemplating power development, 
and detailed surveys of it have already been made. It should make 
a good project, as besides Sebec Lake there are a number of other 



164 



WATER EESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 



important lakes in the drainage area above that can be utihzed as 
storage reservoirs. 

The following table shows distances and elevations at certain 
points on this stream: 

Elevations along Sehec River. 



Locality. 



Distance 


Elevation 


from 


above 


mouth. 


sea level. 


Miles. 


Feet. 





259 


1.9 


267 


1.9 


278.7 


6.2 


280 


6.5 


290 


9.75 


316 


9.75 


327.3 



Mouth 

Milo: Foot of dam 

Top of dam 

Sebec Falls: Foot 

Top 

Sebec village: Foot of dam 
Top of dam. 



PLEASANT RIVER. 

Pleasant Eiver, an important tributary of the Piscataquis, rises in 
Bowdoin College grant immediately south of the Roach Eiver drain- 
age basin. The area contains a number of small lakes that could be 
utilized for storage reservoirs. 

The elevation at the mouth of the river is 257 feet above sea level; 
5.7 miles above the mouth is the foot of rips, the head of which is a 
short distance below Snows bridge. By these rips the river falls 4 
feet in about 1,100 feet. From the rips to a point 7.8 miles above 
the mouth the slope is steep, then comes a 9-foot fall in a distance of 
0.4 mile. The next important fall Hes in the stretch between a point 
9.5 miles above the mouth and the foot of the dam at Brownville; in 
this mile the fall is 12 feet. The Brownville dam backs water above 
the mouth of Whetstone Brook at a distance of 1.5 miles. A good 
dam site exists about halfway between Brownville and Brownville 
Junction, where a head of about 12 feet might be obtained, but a dam 
at this point would cause considerable pondage, as the land is some- 
what low in the vicinity of Brownville Junction. 

The foot of the next important fall is 0.8 mile above the mouth of 
the East Branch, where the river drops 10 feet in a distance of about 
1,000 feet. The slope increases to an elevation of 390 feet above sea 
level at the junction of Roaring Brook, 17.7 miles from the mouth of 
Pleasant River, to elevation 434 feet at the junction of Houston 
Stream, 20 miles from the mouth. Houston Stream, in the 6J miles 
from the outlet of Houston Pond to the mouth, has a fall of 388 
feet. In the 3} miles between Houston Stream and the foot of the 
dam at the outlet of Silver Lake at the Katahdin Iron Works, the fall 
is 158 feet. 



WATER POWER. 



165 



The following table gives the distances and elevations of the con- 
trolling points along this stream: 

Elevations along Pleasant River. 



Locality. 



Distance 
above 
mouth. 



Distance 
between 
points. 



Elevation 

above 
sea level 



Differ- 
ence in 
elevation. 



Mouth of river 

Snows Bridge Rips: Foot 

Head 

Rips: Foot 

Head 

Foot 

Brownville dam: Foot 

Top 

Bridge, Brownville Jimction 

East Branch, mouth 

Falls: Foot 

Head 

Roaring Brook, mouth 

Houston Stream, mouth 

Houston Pond 

Houston Pond Dam, top 

Silver Lake Dam: Foot 

Top 

Silver Lake, water surface, September, 1910 



Miles. 


5.9 
6.1 
7.8 
8.2 
9.5 
10.5 
10.5 
13.7 
14.9 
15.7 
15.9 
17.7 
20.0 
26.5 
26.5 
23.75 
23.75 
23.75 



Miles. 

5.9 
.2 
.7 
.4 
1.3 
1.0 


3.2 

1.2 

.8 

.2 

1.8 

2.3 

6.5 



3.75 





Feet. 
257 
267 
271 
291 
300 
308 
320 
337 
343 
350 
362 
372 
390 
434 



588 

593.1 

592.3 



Feet. 



8.3 
154 
5.1 



PASSADUMKEAG RIVER. 

Passadumkeag Eiver receives the waters of Nicatous Lake and 
several brooks and ponds lying west of the St. Croix and Machias 
basins, the waters of the three systems lying in many places very 
near together; it unites with the Penobscot at the village of Passa- 
dumkeag, 5 miles below the mouth of the Piscataquis. Its length is 
about 35 miles. A short distance above its mouth it is joined by 
Cold Stream, which flows from Cold Stream Pond. The drainage 
area of the river at its mouth, including the 37 or 40 square miles 
tributary to Cold Stream, is not far from 350 square miles. 

A dam at the outlet of Nicatous Lake, holding a head of about 8 
feet, provides a means of flushing for log driving. From this point to 
Nicatous Falls, located about 2 miles farther down, the current is 
strong. At Nicatous Falls there is a drop of perhaps 10 or 15 feet in 
a distance of IJ miles (see PI. VII, B), and thence to the mouth of 
Pistol Brook the current is again strong. Dead water, caused by a 
dam located at Grand Falls near the point where the highway crosses 
the stream, extends up the main stream as far as Taylor Brook. 

Surveys have not been made to determine the fall on Passadumkeag 
River, but the available information indicates that the drop at Grand 
Falls is about 25 feet in a distance of about 1 mile. These are prac- 
tically the only falls worthy of note on the river, though between 
Grand Falls and the mouth slight falls and much quick water are 
found. Notable among these are White Horse Rips below Saponic 
Pond^ Lightening Rips below Page's mill at Lowell, and Rocky Rips 
farther down. 



166 WATEB EESOUEOES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Much of the country drained by the Passadumkeag is low and flat, 
and bogs and ponds are numerous. Dams are located at several of 
these ponds. 

WATER STORAGE. 

NATURAL FACILITIES. 

The Penobscot basin affords excellent sites for water storage. The 
natural storage effected by ponds and lakes is large, the ratio of 
ponded area to total drainage area being about 1 to 21. In this 
respect the basin ranks next to the Kennebec, in which the ratio is 
1 to 14. Though the Penobscot basin does not include any single 
natural reservoir as large as Moosehead Lake, it has many smaller 
lakes, like Chesuncook, Chamberlain, and the Twin Lakes system, 
which afford an enormous aggregate capacity. 

The importance of utilizing stored water in an effective manner has 
not been as generally realized in the Penobscot basin as in the Ken- 
nebec, except on the West Branch of the Penobscot, where the Great 
Northern Paper Co. has, at its own expense, improved the storage 
facilities afforded by Chesuncook Lake and the Twin Lakes system. 
The log-driving companies on the Penobscot have not worked as 
harmoniously with power users as those on the Kennebec, and the 
result has been much waste of stored water. 

Maps and plans of several lakes and ponds in the Penobscot drain- 
age, surveyed by the United States Geological Survey in cooperation 
with the State Survey Commission and the State Water Storage Com- 
mission, are appended to this paper (Pis. XIII-XIX). 

STORAGE ON WEST BRANCH OF PENOBSCOT RIVER. 
GENERAL CONDITIONS. 

The West Branch of the Penobscot is formed by the union of North 
and South branches and many brooks and small streams, nearly all 
rising in the mountainous country forming the western boundary 
between Maine and Quebec. Much of the area drained by these 
streams is timber country, and during the spring freshets various 
brooks and streams that are nearly dry for the remainder of the year 
are used to ''drive" the logs into the main West Branch. 

At the outlets of many of the ponds on the headwaters are timber 
crib dams, which hold back the water until it is needed to obtain 
a ' ' flush ' ' for driving logs. As a rule all of the stored water is required 
for the drive. After the drive is out of these streams the gates are 
usually left open so that during the remainder of the year the flow is 
natural. At Seboomook Falls, 29 miles from Chesuncook Lake, is a 
timber crib dam used only for log driving; the drainage area at this 



WATIiB STORAGiE. 167 

point is 530 square miles. Above this point the West Branch is a 
small stream; a short distance below it begins to widen. 

Several streams, all of which drain small ponds, join the river 
between Seboomook Falls and Chesuncook Lake, the most important 
being Russell Brook, and Lobster and Pine streams. The largest of 
the ponds is Lobster Lake, which has an area of about 4 square miles. 
Between the head of Chesuncook Lake and the junction of West and 
East branches, a distance of about 69 miles, are two large natural 
storage basins in which lie Chesuncook and Ripogenus lakes, and the 
so-called ''Lower Lakes" comprising North and South Twin, Pema- 
dumcook and Ambejejus. Several other lakes about equal in area 
to South Twin Lake discharge their waters into the West Branch. 
The largest are Lower, Middle, and Upper Joe Mary, First, Second, 
and Third Debsconeag, Nahmakanta, Rainbow, Harrington, and 
Millinocket. The last named, although the largest of the detached 
lakes, is not available for storage in the Lower Lake system except 
at high water. (See p. 168.) 

The storage on the West Branch is controlled by the West Branch 
Driving & Reservoir Dam Co., a corporation closely affihated with the 
Great Northern Paper Co. Some of the dams hold water not only 
for power development but for a temporary '^ flush" for driving. At 
least two serve only for flushing, one located at the outlet of Ripogenus 
Lake, the other at Sourdnahunk Falls, 8.4 miles below. 

TWIN LAKE SYSTEM. 

Ambejejus and Pemadumcook lakes, and North and South Twin 
lakes, the first important lakes reached in traveling up the West 
Branch, are situated in townships Indian Nos. 3 and 4, T. 1, R. 9, T. 1, 
R. 10, and T. 2, R. 10. They form a natural reservoir, which the river 
enters at the head of Ambejejus Lake, and leaves at the foot of North 
Twin Lake. Their shore lines are very irregular, forming many 
points and coves, and their banks are commonly steep, although in 
many places low land borders the shores. They contain many islands. 
The water stands at the same level in all of the lakes except during 
low water, when the surface of Pemadumcook and Ambejejus is 
slightly higher than that of the Twin Lakes. 

At the outlet of the system is a concrete dam in excellent condition. 
(See PI. IX.) The lowest level of the lakes during the period of 
record occurred during April, 1906. The elevation of the water 
surface at that time was 466.75 feet above mean sea level, and the 
area of the water surface 17 square miles. The top of the flash- 
boards of the dam is at elevation 489.6, at which height the area of 
the water surface is 24.6 square miles. 



168 

About a mile below North Twin dam the river widens out into 
Quakish Lake, which has an area of about 1 square mile. At the 
foot of this lake is a concrete dam used to divert the water of the 
West Branch through Ferguson Lake (which has been largely created 
by pondage) and thence through a canal about a mile long, into the 
penstock of the Great Northern Paper Co. at Millinocket. (See PI. V.) 
After passing through the wheels the tail-race water flows into Milli- 
nocket Stream, and returns to the West Branch at Shad Pond. In 
this way the channel of the main West Branch between Quakish Lake 
and Shad Pond — a stretch about 4 miles long — is left nearly dry except 
during those periods when water is wasted over the dam at Milli- 
nocket. The drainage area above Quakish Lake dam comprises 1,880 
square miles. 

Millinocket Lake, situated principally in T. 1, E. 8, and T. 2, R. 8, 
lies northeast of Ambejejus Lake and at high water overflows into it. 
It is fed by several smaU streams, the principal one being Sandy 
Stream, which rises near Mount Katahdin. The natural outlet of 
MiUinocket Lake is Millinocket Stream. At very high water, how- 
ever, its water overflows into the Twin Lakes system. The area of 
Millinocket Lake is about 14 square miles. 

When the surface of the Twin Lakes system reaches elevation 492 
feet above sea level datum, ^ this being the top of the flashboards on the 
dam at the outlet, the water backs up for about 5J miles above the 
head of Ambejejus Lake to Debsconeag FaUs, fiUing numerous 
lagoons and flowing back into First Debsconeag Lake. Although 
this backwater covers a considerable area its value for storage is com- 
paratively small, because the increase in depth of stored water is not 
large, owing to the falls at Ambejejus and Passamagormuc. 

The dam at the outlet of North Twin Lake gives a head of about 
25 feet (including 5 feet of flashboards) available for storage. It is 
probable that this head can be only slightly increased without a con- 
siderable outlay for '^runarounds," etc.; and it is also probable that 
any great increase in head would result in flooding large areas, al- 
though the damage done would be restricted almost wholly to stand- 
ing timber, as no important tracts of improved land lie within the 
flowed area. 

The table foUowing gives the area and capacity of the Twin Lakes 
system at different elevations. 

1 See note in following table. 



U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 



WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 279 PLATE IX 




A. UPSTREAM SIDE. 




B. DOWNSTREAM SIDE. 



NORTH TWIN DAM AT OUTLET OF NORTH TWIN LAKE, WEST 
BRANCH OF PENOBSCOT RIVER. 



WATER STORAGE. 169 

Area and storage capacity above North Twin dam at different elevations.^' 



Elevation. 


Area of 
water stir- 
face. 


Capacity of sec- 
tion. 


Total capacity 

above elevation 

469 feet. 


Remarks. 


Feet. 
467 
469 

469. 13 
471 
473 
475 
477 
479 
481 
482 
483 
485 
487 
489 
491 
492 


Sq. miles. 


Cubic feet. 


Cubic feet. 


Bottom of deep gates. 

Lowest level of lake April, 1906. 

Bottom of shallow gates. 

Bottom of log sluice. 

Crest of spillway. 

Highest level of lake (top of flash, 
boards). 








17.0 
17.0 
21.3 
23.0 
23.0 
23.3 
24.0 
24.0 
24.0 
24.4 
24.6 
24.9 
24.9 
24.9 




60,000,000 

950,000,000 

2,140,000,000 

3,420,000,000 

4,700,000,000 

6,000,000,000 

7,340,000,000 

8,010,000,000 

8,680,000,000 

10,040,000,000 

11,410,000,000 

12,800,000,000 

14,190,000,000 

14,880,000,000 


950,000,000 
1,190,000,000 
1,280,000,000 
1,280,000,000 
1,300,000,000 
1,340,000,000 


1,340,000,000 
1,360,000,000 
1,370,000,000 
1,390,000,000 
1,390,000,000 





o Elevations refer to Bangor & Aroostook R. R. datum; to obtain mean sea level subtract 2.38 feet. 
RIPOGENUS LAKE. 

The first important lake above Ambejejus Lake is Ripogenus Lake, 
the outlet of which is 22 miles above Ambejejus Falls. This lake, 
which is more like an enlargement of the river than a lake, is about 
2 J miles long and from one-half to three-quarters mile wide. Its 
banks are high except in the upper portion where Harrington Stream 
enters; here they are low and marshy for a considerable distance 
inland. The drainage area at the outlet of Ripogenus Lake is 1,410 
square miles. 

At the outlet of the lake is a timber crib dam, used principally to 
obtain a flush to carry logs through Ripogenus Gorge to the Big Eddy, 
a distance of 2.4 miles, in which the fall is 215 feet. The river here 
flows between high, almost perpendicular, ledge banks and is very 
narrow. The elevation of the sills of the gates is about 879 feet 
above sea level; the dam will hold a head of about 10 feet and is in 
fair condition. The area of the lake at elevation 883.3 feet above 
sea level is 1.07 square miles. At the crest of the dam, 889 feet above 
sea level, the area of the water surface is 1.27 square miles. The 
total capacity of the lake above the dam sills is 301,100,000 cubic feet. 

There is an excellent site for a dam of any reasonable height near 
the location of the present one, and it is understood that the West 
Branch Driving & Reservoir Co. has already received authority from 
the State to construct a concrete dam here, the crest of which is to 
be about 4 feet higher than the spillway of the present Chesuncook 
(lam. As the latter is at elevation 930.6 feet above sea level, the height 
of the dam at the outlet of Ripogenus wiU be about 50 feet. It is 
estimated that the increased storage afforded by this dam will amount 
to 8 to 10 bilHon cubic feet. The principal damage caused by 



170 WATEE HESOtJECES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

increased flowage would be restricted to standing timber and to the 
flooding of a set of camps on the right shore. 

chesuncgoe: lake. 

Chesuncook Lake is situated in townships 3, E. 12, 4, E. 12, 4, E. 
13, and 5, E. 13. Its outlet is separated from the head of Eipogenus 
Lake by only 0.57 mile of river. The lake is about 17.7 miles long 
and from three-fourths mile to 1 mile wide. It is comparatively free 
from islands, has a fairly regular shore line, and the banks are for 
the most part fairly high, but in a few places the backwater from the 
dam covers a considerable area. The dam is a timber crib structure, 
built during the winter of 1903-4, and is in good condition. Its 
length is about 1,500 feet, and it contains six pairs of deep 8-foot by 
8-foot gates, three pairs of shallow 8-foot by 12-foot gates, and one 
log sluice 25 feet wide. The dam controls a head of about 20 feet. 
The elevation of Chesuncook when drawn down to the deep-gate sills 
of the dam is 908.6 feet above mean sea level; ^ the elevation of the 
mean low water surface of Eipogenus Lake is about 883 feet, giving a 
difference in lake levels of about 25.6 feet. When Chesuncook is at 
full height high water is assumed to be at elevation 930.6 feet, although 
for a short time during the spring freshets it may exceed this figure. 

About 5 J miles above the dam a deep inlet, known as Caribou Cove, 
connects with a lake of the same name lying west of Chesuncook. 
This lake is from 6f to 7 miles long, is about 1.4 miles broad in its 
center or widest part, and narrows to less than one-half mile near 
each end. It is fed by brooks and streams, the principal one, Eagged 
Stream, having its rise in Eagged Lake, which is about three-quarters 
the size of Caribou Lake. Numerous brooks and streams flow into 
Chesuncook. Umbazooksus and Caucomgomoc, the most important 
except West Branch, drain the lakes for which they are named. The 
headwaters of both are very near East Branch waters, Caucomgomoc 
Pond lying within a few miles of AUagash Lake, and Umbazooksus 
Lake being separated from Mud Pond, which drains into Chamber- 
lain Lake by only 1.7 miles. The elevation of mean low water on 
Umbazooksus Lake is about 941 feet above sea level, that of Mud 
Pond is about 955, and that of Chamberlain is about 938 feet above 
sea level. 

The area of Chesuncook at mean low water is about 18 square 
miles; when the lake is filled to the crest of the spillway of the dam 
(930.6 feet above sea level) the area is 32.1 square miles. When the 
water level in Chesuncook reaches its extreme elevation of 930.6 feet 
above sea level the backwater extends about 4.3 miles up the river, 

1 See note In following table. 



WATER STOEAGE. 



171 



flooding out Pine Stream Falls and a part of Rocky Rips. Its effect 
is evident on Umbazooksus Stream for a distance of about 5 miles 
from its mouth, and, as the bordering country is chiefly low meadow 
land, the stream increases to a width of one-quarter to one-half mile. 
The backwater also extends up Cuxabexis Stream into Moose Pond 
and joins that of Umbazooksus. 

The drainage area at the entrance to Chesuncook Lake is 825 square 
miles; at the outlet the drainage area is 1,330 square miles. 

The only damage to be caused by increased storage, other than that 
to standing timber, would be to the settlement at the upper end of the 
lake, and it is probable that this would be comparatively small. 

The following table gives the area and capacity of Chesuncook 
Lake at different elevations: 

Area and capacity of Chesuncook Lake at different elevations. 



Eleva- 
tion.a 


Area of 
water sur- 
face. 


Capacity of sec- 
tion. 


Total capacity 

above elevation 

913 feet. 


Remarks. 


Feet. 
911 

912. 61 
913 
915 
917 
919 
921 
923 
924 
925 
927 
929 
931 
933 
935 
937 


Sq. miles. 


Cubic feet. 


Cubic feet. 


Bottom of deep gates. 

Lowest level of lake, December, 1905. 

Bottom of shallow gates. 
Bottom of log sluice. 

Crest of spillway. 
Flashboards. 














18.1 
18.3 
18.5 
19.7 
22.2 
23.9 
25.6 
28.0 
29.8 
31.6 
32.1 
35.9 
35.9 


1,010,000,000 
1,020,000,000 
1,030,000,000 
1,100,000,000 
1,240,000,000 


1,010,000,000 
2,030,000,000 
3,060,000,000 
4,160,000,000 
5,400,000,000 
6,100,000,000 
6,830,000,000 
8,390,000,000 
10,050,000,000 
11,810,000,000 
13,600,000,000 
15,600,000,000 
17,600,000,000 


1,430,000,000 
1,560,000,000 
1,660,000,000 
1,760,000,000 
1,790,000,000 
2,000,000,000 
2,000,000,000 



a Elevations refer to Bangor & Aroostook R. R. datum; to obtain mean sea level subtract 2.38 feet. 
CAUCOMGOMOC LAKE. 

Oaucomgomoc Lake is situated in Tps. 6, R. 14; 6, R. 15; 7, R. 14; 
and 7, R, 15. Its area is about 7 square miles (with water at crest of 
dam), and it is fed by several brooks and streams, some of which are 
connected with fair sized ponds. Its outlet, a stream about 12 miles 
long, flows into Chesuncook Lake at a point very near the inlet of the 
West Branch. The elevation of the lake is not known, but it is 
considerably higher than Chesuncook. Wadleigh Stream, a tribu- 
tary of the lake, heads near AUagash Stream in the East Branch 
system. 

An old timber dam at the outlet, used for driving, controls a head 
of about 8 feet. It is estimated that about 7 feet additional head 
could be obtained by proper development, giving about 8 or 9 square 
miles of water surface. 



172 



WATER EESOTJRCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 



Area and capacity of Caucomgomoc Lake at different elevations. 



Elevation 
above sill 
of dam. 


Area of 
water sur- 
face. 


Capacity of sec- 
tion. 


Total capacity 
above sill of dam. 


Remarks. 


Feet. 

5 
8 
10 
15 


Sq. miles. 
5.15 
6.33 
7.00 
7.45 
8.50 


Cubic feet. 


Cubic feet. 


Sill of dam. 
Crest of dam. 


800,110,000 

557,8^0.000 

4'^2.6'^0.000 

1,112,300,000 


8^0,110.000 
l,357,Q50,fi00 
1,760,550 000 
2,872,850,000 



UMBAZOOKSUS LAKE. 

Umbazooksus Lake is situated in T. 6, R. 13, and is only 1.7 
miles from Mud Pond in the East Branch system. It covers an 
area of 1 to IJ square miles and is very shallow. The flow of its out- 
let, a stream of the same name, is controlled by a timber dam (in 
poor repair) which gives a head of 5 or 6 feet. The elevation of the 
mean low water is about 942 feet above sea level. 

STORAGE ON EAST BRANCH OF PENOBSCOT RIVER. 



GENERAL CONDITIONS. 

The East Branch of the Penobscot was originally formed by 
two branches. East Branch Stream, rising in the vicinity of Sink 
Pond, and Webster Brook, rising in Webster Lake. The chain of 
lakes lying just northwest of Webster Lake, Telos, Chamberlain, 
and Allagash lakes and Round Pond, flowed naturally into Eagle 
Lake and thence down Allagash River to the St. John. At high 
water, however, an overflow channel at the east end of Telos Lake 
carried water into a small brook tributary to Webster Lake. About 
1840, in order to provide means for transporting logs over the divide 
between Telos and Webster lakes, a dam was built at the natural 
outlet of Chamberlain Lake toward Eagle Lake, and a canal cut from 
the east end of Telos Lake a distance of about 800 feet to connect with 
Webster Lake. As Chamberlain and Telos lakes had the same 
elevation and were connected, the flow from this series of lakes was 
thus turned into the East Branch of the Penobscot. This dam and 
canal made it possible to lumber on Chamberlain Lake territory and 
drive logs directly down the Penobscot. 

Later, to permit of lumbering around Eagle Lake and driving 
down the Penobscot, a second dam was built at the natural outlet of 
Chamberlain Lake below the first dam, the two dams forming a lock 
into which logs could be driven and raised to the level of Chamberlain 
Lake. This lock was utilized for a number of years but was finally 
abandoned, and only the ruins of the original '^lock dam" are now 



WATER STORAGE. 173 

visible. The present dam at the natural outlet of Chamberlain is 
now known as the Lock dam. 

The sills of the gates of the present lock dam are about 0.6 foot 
lower than those of the dam at the artificial outlet of Telos Lake, so 
that in very low water nearly or quite all the flow from Chamberlain 
Lake is into Eagle Lake. 

About 1893, Marsh & Ayer, of Bangor, built a log carry called 
the ''Tramway" from Eagle to Chamberlain Lake at a point near 
the north end of Chamberlain Lake, where the distance between the 
two lakes is only about three-fourths of a mile. This carry consists 
of an endless chain driven by steam power and is the means by which 
logs are now taken from the region about Eagle Lake and driven 
down the Penobscot. 

It should be noted that under present conditions the drainage 
area tributary to Chamberlain and Telos lakes has become the 
principal headwaters of the East Branch of the Penobscot, the drain- 
age area above the outlet of Telos Lake comprising 270 square miles 
and that between Telos Lake outlet and Grand Lake dam only about 
226 square miles. 

GRAND AND SECOND GRAND LAKES. 

Grand and Second Grand lakes are situated in T. 6, Rs. 8 and 9, 
and are the first important lakes on the East Branch above its mouth. 
They are very irregular in shape, with many ragged points and deep 
coves, and are separated by a ''thoroughfare" about 2 miles long. 
At low stages the elevation of the water surface is about 645 feet 
above sea level; at extreme low water Grand Lake is slightly lower 
than Second Grand Lake. From Grand Lake dam at its lower end 
to the head of Second Grand Lake the distance is about 8 miles. 
Their total area at mean low water is about 4.4 square miles. The 
drainage area at the mouth of Grand Lake is 496 square miles, 
including the Chamberlain Lake drainage area of 270 square miles. 

The south shore of each lake is very rough and the banks are high, 
especially on Grand Lake, from the shores of which Trout Brook 
Mountains and the Traveler Range extend southward. The other 
portions of these two lakes have in general steep banks except in 
the vicinity of the "thoroughfare," where Trout Brook enters from 
the west, near the upper end of Grand Lake, and Hay Brook from 
the north, near the lower end of Second Grand Lake. At about the 
middle of the "thoroughfare," extending eastward about IJ miles, 
is the "Big Lagoon," which is about 1,500 feet in maximum width 
and has low banks on its northern and eastern shores. 

At the outlet of Grand Lake is a timber crib dam — a frail structure 
in need of repairs. The dam is about 185 feet long between ledge 



174 

abutments and affords a head of 14 feet, the elevation of the gate 
sills being about 641.2 feet above sea level. There are five gates 8 
feet wide and one sluice gate 17 feet wide. Several channels a short 
distance west of the dam, through which water would run at ordinary 
and high stages, are closed by cribwork and piling. 

A dam of any reasonable height could be built at the outlet. Little 
or no damage would be caused by raising the lake level to an eleva- 
tion of 665 feet above sea level or 20 feet above the ordinary low- 
water level. 

The following table gives the areas and capacity of Grand and Sec- 
ond Grand lakes at different elevations : 

Area and storage capacity of Grand and Second Grand lakes at different elevations. 



Elevation 

above mean 

sea level. 


Area of 

water 

surface. 


Capacity of section. 


Total capacity 
above elevation 
641.2 feet. 


Remarks. 


Feet. 
641.2 
645 
650 
655 
660 
665 
670 


Sq. miles. 
3.30 
4.40 
5.60 
6.63 
7.52 
8.36 
9.17 


Cubic feet. 


Cubic feet. 


Gate sills, present dam. 
Ordinary low water. 

Crest of present dam. 


407,900,000 
697,000,000 
854,100,000 
990,900,000 
1,106,800,000 
1,221,100,000 


407,900,000 
1,104,900,000 
1,959,000,000 
2,949,900,000 
4,056,700,000 
5,277,800,000 



WEBSTER LAKE. 

Webster Lake is situated in Rs. 10 and 11 of T. 6, and, as pre- 
viously noted, at its upper end is connected by an artificial canal 
with Telos Lake. It extends approximately east and west about 
3 miles, is 2,000 feet in maximum width, and is fairly regular in 
shape. At low water, corresponding to an elevation of about 891 
feet above sea level, the area of its water surface is 0.82 square mile. 
The shores are high and steep. Coffeelost Stream, entering from the 
north, and ThisseH Brook, from the south, are small tributaries. 

A timber crib dam with earth abutments affords a head of 7 to 9 
feet. The dam is about 125 feet long with a wing of piling backed 
with earth about 250 feet long, and is in poor condition. The right 
bank at the dam is high and steep, but the left bank is low. The 
dam is used solely for log driving down Webster Brook, and the gates 
are usually raised after the drive has reached Indian Pitch dam, some 
6 miles below Webster Brook. 

The surface of this lake could readily be raised by a higher dam 
at the outlet. It is probable, too, that it could be drawn down at 
least 2 feet lower than at present, but the area of the lake is so small 
that it is not of much importance for storage except for log driving. 

The following table gives its area and capacity at different eleva- 
tions : 



WATER STORAGE. 

Area and- capacity of Webster Lake at different elevations. 



175 



Elevation 

above mean 

sea level. 


Area of 

water 

surface; 


Capacity of section. 


Total capacity 
above elevation 
891 feet. 


Remarks. 


Feet. 
886 
891 

896 
899 
901 
906 
911 
916 


Sq. miles. 

0.72 

.82 

.91 
.96 
1.00 
1.08 
1.16 
1.23 


Cubic feet. 


Cubic feet. 


Gate sills, present dam, andordi- 
low water. 

Crest of present dam. 


107,300,000 

119,900,000 
78,620,000 
133,800,000 
145,000,000 
156,100,000 
167,300,000 




119,900,000 
198,500,000 
253,700,000 
398,700,000 
554,800,000 
722,100,000 



TELOS LAKE AND ROUND POND. 

Telos Lake and Round Pond, situated mostly in T. 6, R. 11, are 
at the same level as Chamberlain Lake, to which they are connected 
by a ''thoroughfare" about 4,000 feet long, extending northward 
from Round Pond. Telos Lake and Round Pond trend in a general 
northwest to southeast direction, are irregular in form, and are con- 
nected by a narrow passage; their combined area at low water is 3.7 
square miles. Their total length is about 3 miles and the maximum 
width about a half mile. The shores are as a rule high and steep 
and thickly wooded. Telos Brook, entering Telos Lake from the 
west, and Bog Stream, entering Round Pond from the east, are small 
streams with some low land near their outlets. 

The gate siUs of the timber crib dam at the outlet of Telos Lake 
are at elevation 935.4 feet above sea level. The dam is capable of 
storing a head of about 13 feet, but at this elevation water would 
flow over the ''lock dam" at Chamberlain Lake. The area and stor- 
age capacity of Telos Lake and Round Pond at different elevations 
are shown in the following table : 

Area and storage capacity of Telos Lake and Round Pond at different elevations. 



Elevation 


Area of 




Total capacity 
above elevation 




above mean 


water 


Capacity of section. 


Remarks. 


sea level. 


surface. 




935.4 feet. 




Feet. 


Sq. miles. 


Cubic feet. 


Cubic feet. 




932.9 


2.82 








934.8 


3.00 


154,100,000 




Gate sills, Lock dam. 


935.4 


3.04 


50,520,000 




Gate sills, Telos dam. 


937.9 


3.24 


218,800,000 


218,800,000 


Ordinary low water. 


942.9 


3.64 


479,500,000 


698,300,000 




945. 8 


3.85 


302,400,000 


1,000,700,000 


Crest of Lock dam, which is about 
2^ feet lower than Telos Lake. 


947.9 


3.97 


529,700,000 


1,228,000,000 




952.9 


4 28 


574,300,000 


1,802,300,000 




957.9 


4.52 


613,300,000 


2,415,600,000 




962.9 


4.76 


646,800,000 


3,062,400,000 





176 WATER BESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

CHAMBERLAIN LAKE. 



4 



Chamberlain Lake, the largest lake now tributary to the East 
Branch of the Penobscot, is a long and comparatively narrow body 
of water resembling Chesuncook Lake, except that it is wider and 
more irregular in shape. It extends from northwest to southeast 
through several townships and is about 14 miles long; its maximum 
width is about 2 miles and the average width is about 1 mile. At 
low stage its water surface is about 938 feet above sea level (the same 
elevation as that of Round Pond and Telos Lake) and its area is 15.4 
square miles. 

The shores of the lake are in most places high and steep except at 
the entrance of Allagash Stream at the northwestern end and the 
outlet from Mud Pond on the south. Ellis Stream, on the west, and 
Leadbetter Stream, on the east, are other small tributaries. There 
are a few small islands, mostly in the half toward Round Pond. This 
lake is noted for its rough water, as the prevailing winds sweep from 
end to end and frequently for days at a time no ordinary boat or canoe 
will stay afloat. 

As previously explained (see p. 172), the natural outlet of Chamber- 
lain Lake is eastward toward Eagle Lake; but there is now an arti- 
ficial outlet through Round Pond and Telos Lake controlled by the 
dam at the outlet of the latter. The Lock dam at the outlet of 
Chamberlain Lake toward Eagle Lake is a timber crib structure, with 
earth abutments reenf orced by sheet piling, is some two or three years 
old, and is in excellent condition. There are two gates for letting 
water into Eagle Lake, but these gates are kept closed and calked 
nearly all the time. The dam is very tight and there is little or no 
leakage. It affords a head of about 11 feet, although with this 
amount there is an overflow about 1 foot deep for a short distance 
through the woods beyond one wing. It is stated that the channel 
from the lake to the dam has been blasted out so that at present the 
sills of the gates, which are at about elevation 934.8 feet above sea 
level, hold back about 3 feet of dead water. 

The dam controlling flow by way of Round Pond and Telos Lake 
has been described previously (p. 172). It will be noted that the Lock 
dam has lower gate sills and also a lower crest elevation, so that if 
desired all flow from Chamberlain Lake can be turned via the Lock 
dam toward Eagle Lake. 

Chamberlain Lake (with Round Pond and Telos Lake) constitutes 
an excellent storage basin and is capable of still further development. 
In all probability its surface could be maintained 15 or 20 feet higher 
than at present without great difficulty. The Chamberlain Farm set- 
tlement, situated on the north side of the lake, would be somewhat 
affected by such a change of lake level, but otherwise damage would 



WATEE STOKAGE. 



177 



be restricted to timber land only and would not be of material con- 
sequences. 

No surveys were made to determine the effect of flooding the coun- 
try around Mud Pond, which would occur if the surface of Chamber- 
lain Lake were raised above elevation 956 feet above sea level (a rise 
of 20 feet above present low-water level), but it is probable that 2 
or 3 square miles in the vicinity of Mud Pond could be flooded to a 
depth of 2 feet. 

The drainage area tributary to these lakes, including their water 
surface, is 270 square miles. The area and storage capacity of Cham- 
berlain and Telos lakes and Round Pond at different elevations is 
given in the following table : 

Area and storage capacity of Chamberlain Lake at different elevations. 



Elevation 

above mean 

sea level. 


Area of 
water 
surface. 


Capacity of section. 


Total capacity 
above elevation 
935.4 feet. 


Remarks. 


Feet. 
932.9 
934.8 
935.4 
937.9 
942.9 
945.8 
947.9 
952.9 
957.9 
962.9 


Sg. wiles. 
13.65 
14. 33 
14.52 
15.38 
16.92 


Cubic feet. 


Cubic feet. 


Gate sills, Lock dam. 
Gate sills, Telos dam. 
Ordinary low water. 

Crest of present dam. 


741,000,000 
241,300,000 
1,042,000,000 
2,251,000,000 
1,435,000,000 
2,452,000,000 
2,626,000,000 
2,780,000,000 
2,914,000,000 






1,042,000,000 
3,293,000,000 
4,728,000,000 
5,745,000,000 
8,371,000,000 
11,151,000,000 
14,065,000,000 


18.26 
19.42 
20.45 
21.37 


Including Mad Pond (approximate) 


957.9 
962.9 


23. 0± 
26. 0± 


2,956,000,000 
3,415,000,000 


11,327,000,000 
14,742,000,000 





ALLAGASH LAKE. 

AUagash Lake, in Tps. 7 and 8, R. 14, is situated about 5§ miles 
northwest of Chamberlain Lake, to which it is connected by Allagash 
Stream. It is in general rectangular but rather irregular in shape and 
contains many islands. At ordinary low water, when its area is 6.85 
square miles, its elevation is 1,041.5 feet above sea level. Its eleva- 
tion is higher than that of any other body of water of considerable 
size on the headwaters of the East Branch. Its shores are steep and 
wooded except near the principal inlet, Allagash Stream, on the west, 
where some lowland exists. There are no other important inflowing 
streams. The drainage area at the outlet of Allagash Lake is 102 
square miles. 

A timber crib dam, 40 feet long, with a wing of sheet piling reen- 

forced with earth, controls a head of 7 or 8 feet at the outlet of the 

lake. It is in rather poor condition. The waterway consists of three 

gates about 9 feet wide, the sills of which are at elevation 1,037 feet 

15042°— wsp 279—12 12 



178 

above sea level. The dam is used solely for log driving, and the gates 
are left open after the driving season is over. 

Allagash Lake affords a good opportunity for additional storage, as 
there are no settlements near by and only standing timber would be 
damaged. A dam could be built to any reasonable height a short dis- 
tance above the present dam, where a high ledge bank appears on one 
shore. 

The following table gives the area and capacity of Allagash Lake 
at different elevations: 

Area and storage capacity of Allegash Lake at different elevations. 



Elevation 

above mean 

sea level. 


Area of 
water 
surface. 


Capacity of section. 


Total capacity 

above elevation 

1,037 feet. 


Remarks. 


Feet. 

1,036.5 

1,037 

1,041.5 

1,044 

1,046.5 

1,051.5 

1,056.5 

1,061.5 

1,066.5 

1,071.5 


Sq. miles. 
6.40 
6.46 
6.85 
7.05 
7.22 
7.55 
7.81 
8.05 
8.27 
8.47 


Cubic feet. 


Cubic feet. 


Gate sills, present dam. 

Ordinary low water. 

Crest of present dam, approximate. 


89,630,000 
835,500,000 




835,500,000 
1,320,000,000 
1,815,400,000 
2,844,400,000 
3,915,400,000 
5,020,400,000 
6,158,400,000 
7,325,400,000 


979,900,000 
1,029,000,000 
1,071,000,000 
1,105,000,000 
1,138,000,000 
1,167,000,000 



STORAGE ON MATTAWAMKEAG RIVER. 



BASKAHEGAN LAKE. 

Baskahegan Lake is located in the towns of Brookton and Tops- 
field. It is about 5 miles long from southwest to northeast and is 
very irregular in shape. At ordinary low water its surface is prob- 
ably about 450 feet above sea level and its area is about 12.5 square 
miles. It is a shallow lake, the greatest depth, about in the middle, 
being 35 feet. The shores rise rather gradually as a rule, and there 
are large tracts of low land near the outlet brook and Dead Brook 
Inlet on the north. The most important inlet is Alder Brook, which 
enters near the southwestern part of the lake. Baskahegan Stream, 
the outlet of Baskahegan Lake into Mattawamkeag River, flows in 
a general northerly direction and reaches the river in the town of 
Bancroft, falling about 110 feet in some 18 miles. The drainage 
area at the outlet of the lake is 151 square miles. 

At the outlet of the lake a dam with 6 gates, making with timber 
crib piers a length of 103 feet and with additional wings of concrete 
aggregating 175 feet, controls a head of 7 feet. There is also a 
low dike or wall of loose rock and gravel about 800 feet long, mostly 
on the east side of the dam. This dam is used solely for log driving, 
and the gates are left open after the drive is over. By placing a 
dam at the sharp bend in the outlet stream known as ''Weber 



WATER STORAGE. 



179 



Place," about 1.5 miles below the present dam, where the bed of 
the river is of gravel and the banks are high, and by building an 
earth dam or dike at the low area near "Dung Fork Points," at 
the northeast corner of the lake, an increased storage depth of 10 
to 12 feet could readily be provided. As the shores are practically 
wild flooding could cause little damage. 

The areas and storage capacity of Baskahegan Lake at different 
elevations are given in the following table: 

Area and storage capacity of Baskahegan Lake at different elevations. 



Elevation 

above crest 

of present 

dam. 


Area of 
water 
surface. 


Capacity of section. 


Total capacity- 
above elevation of 
lowest gate sill. 


Remarks. 


Feet. 
-7 

5 

10 
15 
20 


Sq. r.iiles. 
8.6 
16.4 
20.4 
23.0 
25.2 
27.1 


Cubic feet. 


Cubic feet. 


Lowest gate sill. 
Crest of present dam. 


2,468,000,000 
2,565,000,000 
3,025,000 000 
3,360,000,000 
3,652,000,000 


2,468,000,000 
5,033,000,000 
8,058,000,000 
11,418,000,000 
15,070,000,000 



MATTAWAMKEAG LAKE. 

Mattawamkeag Lake, the largest lake on the West Branch of 
Mattawamkeag River, lies in the town of Island Falls and T. 4, 
R. 3. It is about 7.2 miles long, 2.4 miles in maximum width, 
trends in general northwest to southeast, and is very irregular in 
shape. It is approximately 464 feet above sea level and about 6 
square miles in area. It is comparatively shallow, the maximum 
depth, about 50 feet, occurring north of Big Island, near the south 
end of the lake. The shores are low and fiat at the northwest and 
southeast ends of the lake and high elsewhere. The drainage area 
at the outlet of Mattawamkeag Lake is 305 square miles. 

A number of small, unimportant brooks enter the lake along the 
eastern shore. The West Branch of Mattawamkeag Eiver, the 
principal inflowing stream, enters on the western shore. Its mouth 
is about 2 miles from the head of the lake, but its course parallels 
the lake for nearly a mile, and a cut-off connection is used for log 
driving at high water. 

The present dam is a timber-crib structure, built about 1862, 
two previous dams at this place having been washed out soon after 
they were built. The dam is in rather poor condition and has been 
repaired many times. It is about 375 feet long, of which 145 feet 
consists of wasteways and sluice gates, and affords a head of about 
8.5 feet. On the right bank the ground rises gradually and is about 
10 feet higher 150 feet from the end of the existing wing wall; on 



180 



WATER RESOUECES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 



the east side the rise is rather more abrupt for a short distance and 
then gradual. 

High water on this lake causes much flooding of low lands, and 
though the height of the present dam could be increased without 
difficulty, it is probable that damages by pondage would be extensive, 
as they would include the partial flooding out of a 9-foot fall at the 
village of Island Falls, about 7 miles upstream, utilized by the 
Emerson Lumber Co. The present maximum height could, how- 
ever, be maintained most of the year and would afford considerable 
storage, and cause damage only to timber land. 

The following table gives the area and capacity of Mattawamkeag 
Lake at different elevations: 



Area and storage capacity of Mattawamkeag Lake at different elevations. 


Elevation 
above 
mean 

sea level. 


Area of 
water 
surface. 


Capacity of 
section. 


Total capacity 

above elevation 

455 feet. 


Remarks. 


Feet. 
455 
457 
460 
462 
464 
465 


Sq. miles. 
4.52 
4.90 
5.41 
5.72 
6.02 
6.19 


Cubic feet. 


Cubicjeet. 


Gate sills, present dam. 

Crest, present dam. 
Probable limit of high water without 
excessive damage at Island Falls. 


262, 600, 000 
431,600,000 
310, 000, 000 
327,300,000 
170,100,000 


262,600,000 

694,200,000 

1,004,200,000 

1,331,500,000 

1,501,600,000 



PLEASANT LAKE. 



Pleasant Lake, situated in the town of Island Falls and T. 4, E. 3, 
trends approximately northwest to southeast, and discharges into 
the East Branch of Mattawamkeag Kiver by an outlet about half a 
mile long. It is fairly regular in shape, about 4 miles long, 1 mile 
in maximum width, and 2} square miles in area, and lies approxi- 
mately 600 feet above sea level. Its water is very clear and is deep, 
the maximum being 65 feet. There are a few small islands. 

The shores are wooded and rise abruptly from the water's edge, the 
western shore being somewhat steeper than the eastern. At the head 
of the pond there is some low land. No large streams enter this 
pond, and it seems probable that much of its water comes from 
springs, as the elevation of the pond surface is very nearly constant, 
having an extreme range of only about 2 feet. 

An old dam, the ruins of which still exist, formerly controlled the 
flow of this pond, but the pond is not utilized at present for storage. 
At this old site the water surface could be raised about 7 feet by means 
of a dam, with a total length of 650 feet, all but 30 feet of this being 
wing walls; or the pond could be lowered 3 feet by dredging the 
channel for a few hundred feet. 

A higher dam might be built at this site (a height of 20 feet above 
present pond level requiring a total length of dam of about 1 800 



WATER STORAGE. 



181 



feet), but the drainage area directly tributary to Pleasant Lake 
comprises only a few square miles, and the pond would be useful for 
storage only by diverting flow from the East Branch of the Mat- 
tawamkeag. This might be done by a dam just below the junction 
of Pleasant Lake outlet with the East Branch (about half a mile 
from the pond and some 30 feet lower) or by a diversion dam and 
canal farther up the East Branch. 

It should also be noted that Pleasant Lake is nearly 140 feet 
higher than Mattawamkeag Lake, and it is therefore possible to divert 
water to Mattawamkeag Lake by cutting through the dividing low 
land at the west side of Pleasant Lake. This distance is said to be 
about half a mile, and the maximum depth of the canal would be 
about 10 feet. 

The drainage area of the East Branch of Mattawamkeag Hiver 
just below Pleasant Lake outlet is 79 square miles. The area and 
storage capacity of Pleasant Lake at different elevations are shown 
in the following table: 

Area and storage capacity of Pleasant Lake at different elevations. 



Elevation 
above 
mean 

sea level. 


Area of 

water 

surface. 


Capacity of 
section. 


Total capacity 

above elevation 

595 feet. 


Remarks. 


Feet. 
595 

598 

600 

602 

602.5 

605 

607.5 

610 
620 


Sq. miles. 
2.08 

2.20 
2.27 
2.34 
2.35 
2.42 
2.50 

2.55 
2.75 


Cubic feet. 


Cubic feet. 


Proposed elevation of outlet; to be 

obtained by dredging. 
Present elevation of outlet. 

Present elevation of crest of old dam. 

Probable limit of high water without 
excessive expense for dam, etc. 


178,980,000 
124,900,000 


178,980,000 
303,880,000 


161,000,000 
165,900,000 
171,500,000 

175,600,000 
738,800,000 


464,880,000 
630,780,000 
802,280,000 

977,880,000 
1,716,680,000 



STORAGE ON PISCATAQUIS RIVER. 
SCHOODIC LAKE. 

Schoodic Lake, Piscataquis County, lies mostly in T. 4, R. 8 N.W.P. 
It trends in a general north-south direction, is about 8| miles long, and 
opposite Howard Cove, on the west shore, about 5.5 miles from the 
upper end, is 2.5 miles wide. The lake is rather irregular in shape, 
and contains a number of small islands, a group near the east shore 
being known as Five Islands. The lake as a whole is deep, the 
maximum depth above Five Islands being 75 feet, and south of this 
point 155 feet. In the vicinity of Norway Point, toward the lower 
end of the lake, is an extensive area more than 100 feet deep. 

At ordinary level Schoodic Lake is about 430 feet above sea level, 
and the area of water surface is 10.75 square miles. The shores are in 
general high, and the banks steep except in the vicinity of Howard 



182 



WATER EESOUECES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 



Cove, an area on the west shore near the northern end of the lake, and 
a portion of the east shore near Five Islands. No streams of any mag- 
nitude enter the lake, and the tributary drainage area is small (32 
square miles). The outlet, Schoodic Stream, enters Piscataquis 
River in the town of Medford, about 4 miles from the lake, in which 
distance it falls some 200 feet. 

There are three lines of railroad in the vicinity of Schoodic Lake. 
The main line of the Bangor & Aroostook Railroad passes about 500 
feet west of the head of the lake some 50 feet above ordinary water 
level. The Medford extension of this railroad (built during 1907) 
skirts the eastern shore and is in places only 5 feet above ordinary 
lake surface. The Canadian Pacific Railway runs by the south end 
of the lake and along its west shore for a short distance. At its lowest 
portion it is about 12 feet above lake surface. At the outlet of 
Schoodic Lake, about 600 feet downstream from the Bangor & Aroos- 
took Railroad bridge, is a broken-down and decaying timber dam, 
owned by the American Spool Co. The dam is very irregular in 
shape, about 250 feet long, and controls a 3-foot head. Originally, 
there were two sluice gates, each about 7 feet wide, but one gate is 
now entirely gone, and the other leaks badly. 

The depth of water could be increased 8 to 10 feet above ordinary 
level by placing a dam some 700 feet above the old dam and 100 feet 
above the Bangor & Aroostook Railroad bridge, but such a change 
of lake level would entail considerable damage. Schoodic Lake is 
rapidly becoming a popular summer camping place, and its shores 
are dotted with numerous public and private camps. Further, the 
settlement at Ijakeview, mostly the buildings of the American Spool 
Co., would be damaged by a rise of more than 5 feet, as would also 
the new Medford extension of the Bangor & Aroostook Railroad. 
It is doubtful, therefore, whether any elevation of water surface 
greater than 2 or 3 feet above the present level is feasible. If prop- 
erly repaired, the present dam would probably control the run-off 
from the drainage area. The area and capacity of Schoodic Lake at 
different elevations are given in the following table: 

Area and capacity of Schoodic Lake at different elevations. 



Elevation 

above mean 

sea level. 


Area of 
water 
surface. 


Capacity of section. 


Total capacity- 
above elevation 
428.5 feet. 


Remarks. 


Feet. 
428.5 
430 
432.5 
435 

437.5 
440 


Sq. miles. 
10.65 
10.75 
10.92 
11.07 

11.18 
11.29 


Cubic feet. 


Cubic feet. 


Probable elevation of outlet. 

Probable present limit of storage. 
Probable limit of storage on ac- 
count of damage. 


447,500,000 
754,800,000 
766,700,000 

775,000,000 
782,700,000 


447,500,000 
1,202,300,000 
1,969,000,000 

2,744,000,000 
3,526,700,000 



WATER STORAGE. l8S 

Seboeis lake and northwest pond. 

Seboeis Lake lies in T. 4, Rs. 8 and 9, N. W. P., the largerpart being 
in T. 8. It trends in a general north-south direction, is 6.8 miles long, 
1.4 miles in maximum width (near its north end), and its water 
surface comprises 6.2 square miles at an elevation about 440 feet 
above sea level. From about the middle of its eastern shore a bay 
leads to the outlet stream; on the western shore a bay leads to the 
^thoroughfare" to Northwest Pond. Of the numerous islands in 
the lake, Leyford Island, the largest, situated near the western shore 
and about midway of the lake, is over a mile long and about a half 
mile wide. North of Leyford Island the average depth of the lake is 
50 feet, and the maximum depth, 80 feet, is found just northeast 
of the island. South of Leyford Island the lake is rather shallow. 

All of the northern shore is low. The lowland extends back for a 
mile or more to the vicinity of the Bangor & Aroostook Railroad and 
the northeastern inlet flows through a long narrow swamp stretching 
back several miles. Other low areas exist near the east outlet and 
in the vicinity of the '^ thoroughfare " to Northwest Pond. The 
remaining shores are in general rough and rise fairly steep from the 
water's edge. 

The inflowing streams are Northeast Inlet and one or two smaller 
brooks. The outlet bay of the lake is a long, gradually narrowing 
and winding arm, about a mile long, from which Seboeis Stream 
flows into Endless Lake, about L5 miles distant, and thence to 
Piscataquis River. 

Northwest Pond, or Little Seboeis Lake, as it is often called, is 
situated in T. 4, R. 9 N. W. P., and is practically a part of Seboeis 
Lake, with which it is connected by a short "thoroughfare." It 
lies west of the northern portion of Seboeis Lake. Northwest Pond 
trends northwest to southeast, is 1.4 miles long and about half a 
mile in maximum width, and its pond area is about one-half square 
mile. It is at the same elevation as Seboeis Lake. The ''Tongue," 
which separates it from Seboeis, is about half a mile in average width. 

The Medford extension of the Bangor & Aroostook Railroad 
passes about 800 feet west of the pond and joins the main Hne of the 
railroad in the vicinity of the Northwest Pond station. The railroad 
at its lowest point is about 4.5 feet above pond surface. 

The eastern shore of the lake rises gradually, but the other shores 
of the pond are in general low. At the northern end a large swamp 
extends back to the railroad and swings around toward the lowland 
at the head of Seboeis Lake. The only important inflov/ing stream 
enters at the northeastern end and drains a very small area. 



184 



WATER RESOURCES OF PEl^OBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 



The drainage area at the outlet of Seboeis Lake is 49 square 
miles. 

The outlet of Seboeis Lake is controlled by a timber crib dam 
about 40 feet long in the main portion and with wings aggregating 
250 feet. The dam affords a head of about 8 feet and is regulated 
by two gates. No ledge appears at the dam and it is probable that 
the foundation is gravel. 

The contour of the ground at the present dam controlling the outlet 
of Seboeis Lake, and consequently of Northwest Pond, would admit 
of an increase in height of dam from 5 to 8 feet without greatly 
increasing its length. A 10-foot rise, however, would require a dam 
about 1,700 feet long, and a dam built to reach the 20-foot level above 
ordinary water surface would be more than 2,000 feet long. 

On both Seboeis Lake and Northwest Pond are several camps 
which would be affected by any considerable increase in height of 
water level, and the railroad near Northwest Pond would be affected 
by any rise exceeding 4 or 5 feet. 

Considering the small drainage area tributary to the lake, it seems 
probable that little increase in height of water level at this point 
would be practicable. 

The area and capacity of Seboeis Lake, including Northwest Pond, 
at different elevations are given in the following table: 

Area and capacity of Seboeis Lake and Northwest Pond at different elevations. 



Elevation 


Area of 




Total capacity 




above mean 


water 


Capacity of section. 


above elevation 


Remarks. 


sea level. 


surface. 




432 feet. 




Feet. 


Sq. miles. 


Cubic feet. 


Cubic feet. 




432 
432.5 


5.63 
5.69 






Probable elevation of outlet. 


78,900,000 


78,900,000 


435 


5.93 


404,900,000 


483,800,000 




437.5 


6.19 


422,400,000 


906,200,000 




440 


6.4 


439,100,000 


1,345,300,000 


Probable present limit of storage. 


442.5 


6.63 


454,400,000 


1,799,700,000 




445 


6.82 


468,400,000 


2,268,100,000 


Limit of storage on accoimt of ex- 
cessive damage. 



ENDLESS LAKE. 

Endless Lake, or Trout Pond, as it is sometimes called, situated in 
T. 3, E. 9, N. W. P., trends in general north and south. It is fairly 
regular in shape, the eastern shore being almost a straight line, is 4.3 
miles long and about 1.25 miles in maximum width, and is 400 feet 
above sea level, at which elevation the area of water surface is 2.57 
square miles. Its depth is fairly uniform, the maximum being 35 
feet near the middle and toward the southern end of the lake. There 
are several small islands. The shores are in general steep and the 
lake is surrounded on all sides by high hills either at or a little back 
from the shore. Seboeis Stream, flowing from Seboeis Lake, enters 



WATER STORAGE. 



186 



from the west. Near its northeastern end the lake receives the outlet 
of Flat Iron Pond, which lies about three-eighths of a mile from End- 
less Lake and some 40 feet above it. The drainage area at the outlet 
of Endless Lake is 66 square miles, of which about 10 square miles is 
water surface (principally Seboeis and Endless lakes and Northwest 
Pond). 

A timber crib dam, 77 feet long, with additional wings increasing 
the aggregate to 130 feet, controls the outlet of the southern end of 
the lake, is regulated by three gates, and affords a head of about 8 
feet. The contour of the shores in the vicinity of this dam is very 
favorable for an increased elevation of water surface. An additional 
depth of 20 or 30 feet could doubtless be maintained without especial 
difficulty, but, in view of the small tributary drainage area, it is prob- 
able that a greater height of dam is not warranted. The area and 
storage capacity of Endless Lake at different elevations are given in 
the following table: 

Area and capacity of Endless Lake at different elevations. 



Elevation 
above 

mean sea 
level. 


Area of 
water sur- 
face. 


Capacity of sec- 
tion. 


Total capacity 

above elevation 

392 feet. 


Remarks. 


Feet. 
392 
395 
397.5 
400 
402.5 
405 
407. 5 
410 


Sq. miles. 
1.86 
2.16 
2.38 
2.57 
2.75 
2.90 
3.05 
3.18 


Cubic feet. 


Cubic feet. 


Sill of dam. 
Crest of dam. 


168,100,000 
158,200,000 
172,800,000 
185,400,000 
193,500,000 
207,700,000 
217,500,000 


168,100,000 
326,300,000 
499,100,000 
684,500,000 
881,000,000 
1,088,700,000 
1,306,200,000 



LOWER EBEEMEE LAKE. 

Lower Ebeemee Lake is situated principally in the southeastern 
part of T. 5, R. 9. It is very irregular in shape, consisting practically 
of three ponds joined by narrow channels. The most easterly of 
these channels has been examined with reference to diversion of 
water to Schoodic Lake. At the time of the observation (July, 1907) 
the water surface of Ebeemee Lake was at about elevation 425 feet 
above sea level, or 5 feet lower than that of Schoodic Lake. The 
divide between the lakes rises perhaps 30 to 40 feet above Ebeemee 
Lake. The outlet of Ebeemee Lake is said to be controlled by a dam 
about 50 feet long, affording a head of 8 feet and used for log driving. 
This dam could be raised sufficiently to effect diversion. The dis- 
tance across the divide between the tv/o lakes is between 1.5 and 2 
miles, and the diversion would add to the drainage area of Schoodic 
Lake some 87 square miles. Considering the large fall of Schoodic 
Stream (over 200 feet in about 4 miles), this project may sometime 
be executed. 



186 



WATER RESOITECES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 






SEBEC LAKE. 



Sebec Lake, Piscataquis County, lies in the towns of Willimantic, 
Foxcroft, Sebec, and T. 7, R. 8, and its waters join Piscataquis River, 
in the town of Milo, about 7 miles from the mouth of the lake at Sebec 
village. The lake trends in general east and west, and its eastern 
end is narrow and elongated. The northern shore is rather steep, 
but the southern is lower. On the north the drainage area extends 
nearly to Moosehead Lake; on the south it adjoins that of the 
Piscataquis. 

Sebec Lake is fed by many ponds and lakes, the most important 
being Onawa Lake, Long Pond, Bear Pond, the three Buttermilk 
ponds, and Benson, Monson, Hebron, Spectacle, Grindstone, Davis, 
Little Bennet, and Big Bennet, Beaver, and Wilson ponds. Many 
of these water bodies could be made to afford increased storage, and 
the outlets of some of them are already dammed. The combined 
area of these ponds is estimated to be about equal to the area of 
Sebec Lake. The drainage area tributary to the outlet at Sebec 
village embraces about 367 square miles. It is for the most part 
thickly wooded with mixed growth. 

A dam at the outlet of Sebec Lake formerly furnished power to 
run several mills, but very little power is being used at the present 
time. The dam is a timber crib structure in poor repair. The head 
obtained by this dam averages perhaps 11 J feet. With a 12-foot 
head the water is at the top of gates and flowing 4 feet deep over the 
wasteway. It is estimated that an additional head of 3 feet, or a total 
of 15 feet, would flood many cottages on the south shore of the 
lake, but other than this an additional 5-foot head, or a total of 17 
feet, would not do excessive damage to cultivated land or timber. 

Only a part of the fall at the outlet has been developed, and for 
some distance below the stream has considerable fall, at least a part 
of which could be utilized. The flow is said to be fairly steady, even 
in dry years, and little difficulty arises from freshets. 

The following table gives the area and capacity of Sebec Lake at 
different elevations: 

Area and capacity of Sebec Lake for different elevations. 



Elevation 
above 

mean sea 
level. 


Area of 
water sur- 
face. 


Capacity of sec- 
tion. 


Total capacity 

above elevation 

315.3 feet. 


Remarks. 


Feet. 
315.3 
316. 7 
321.7 
326.7 
327. 3 
331.7 


Sq. miles. 
9.08 
9.32 
10.19 
10. 83 
10. 93 
11.68 


Cubic feet. 

359,074,000 
1,360,466,000 
.1,465,010,000 

181,990,000 
1,386,114,000 


Cubic feet. 


Sill of gates. 

Water surface, Sept. 4, 1910. 

Top of dam. 


359,074,000 
1,719,540,000 
3,184,550,000 
3,366,540,000 
4,752,654,000 



WATER STOEAGE. 



187 



SILVER LAKE. 

Silver Lake, the source of Pleasant River, is located in Katahdin 
Iron Works Township, at the terminal of a branch railroad. The 
remains of the old iron furnaces that were formerly operated are at 
the outlet of the lake. 

The dam at the outlet is a timber structure in fair repair, and is 
now used chiefly for log driving. Little damage except to standing 
timber would arise from increasing the height of the dam and enlarg- 
ing the capacity. The additional storage would benefit the power 
developments below. The drainage area embraces 104 square miles 
and is a heavily wooded, mountainous country. 

The following table gives the areas and capacities of this lake at 
various elevations: 

Area and capacity of Silver Lake for different elevations. 



Elevation 
above 

mean sea 
level. 


Area of 
water sur- 
face. 


Capacity of sec- 
tion. 


Total capacity 
above elevation 
587.3 feet. 


Remarks. 


Feet. 
587.3 
587.6 
592.3 
593.1 
597.3 
606.3 
611.3 


Sq. miles. 

0.29 

. .31 

.57 

.70 

1.37 

2.10 

2.63 


Cubicfeet. 

2,509,000 

57,653,000 

14,274,000 

121,773,000 

242. .542, 000 

328,965,000 


Cubicfeet. 


Sill of gates. 

Water surface, Aug. 15, 1910. 

Top of dam. 


2.509,000 
60.162,000 
74, 436, 000 
196,209,000 
438,751.000 
767,716,000 



HOUSTON POND. 

Houston Pond is located in T. 7, R. 9, 4 miles southwest of Silver 
Lake. • 

The dam is a crib structure in poor repair. Raising the level of 
the lake would cause damage only to a few summer cottages and to 
the timber land that would be flooded. The area drained comprises 
21 square miles. 

The foUowing table gives the areas and capacities of this pond for 
various elevations: 

Area and capacity of Houston Pond for different elevations. 



Elevation 
above 

mean sea 
level. 


Area of 
water sur- 
face. 


Capacity of sec- 
tion. 


Total capaci ty 
above elevation 
817.2 feet. 


Remarks. 


Feet. 

817.2 
819.3 
822.2 
827.2 
830.3 
832.2 
837.2 


Sq. miles. 
0.99 
1.02 
1.07 
1.14 
1.19 
1.22 
1.30 


Cubicfeet. 

58,545,000 
84,081,000 
153,331,000 
100,251,000 
63.563,000 
175,634,000 


Cubicfeet. 


Sill of gates. 

Water surface Aug. 11, 1910. 

Top of dam. 


58, 545, 000 
142.626,000 
295,957,000 
396, 208, 000 
459,771,000 
635,405,000 



188 WATEE EESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

ADDITIONAL STORAGE BASINS. 
COLD STREAM POND. 

Cold Stream Pond is really a series of ponds, situated principally 
in the towns of Enfield and Lincoln and having a total water surface 
of about 10 square miles. The ponds are irregular in shape, the 
largest being of about 8 square miles in area. The outlet, a stream 
of the same name, is about 4^ miles long and flows into Passadumkeag 
Stream about one-half mile above its junction with the Penobscot. 
The drainage area at the junction with Passadumkeag embraces 
about 37 square miles. 

The basin is for the most part wooded and but sparsely settled. 

This pond would afford an excellent source of water supply for 
some town or city. 

NICATOUS LAKE. 

Nicatous Lake is situated in Tps. 3 N. D. and 40 and 41 M. D. The 
outlet of the lake, Nicatous Stream, is tributary to Passadumkeag 
Stream. The waters of Nicatous approach very close to those of 
Machias Kiver. 

The area of this lake is 8.82 square miles. It is probable that the 
water surface can be raised, so that about 10 feet would be available 
for storage. A dam already exists at the outlet. 

The lake is fed by several brooks, some of which rise in small ponds, 
the three principal ones being Duck Pond and Gassabias Lake and 
West Lake, with a total water surface of perhaps 3 or 4 square miles. 
Though dammed at their outlet Gassabias and West lakes would 
doubtless be flooded by a not excessive rise of Nicatous, but the drop 
between Duck Pond and Nicatous is probably sufficiently great to 
prevent overflow to the former. 

PUSH AW LAKE. 

Pushaw Lake is in the towns of Hudson, Glenburn, Oldtown, and 
Orono. Its greatest length is about 74 miles, and its greatest width 
about 2 J miles. The average width of the northerly three-quarters 
is one-half to three-fourths of a mile. Several islands and ledges 
appear. The lake Hes nearly north and south. Its area is about 7i 
square miles. It is fed chiefly by springs and bogs. Its one inlet, 
Pushaw Stream, has several branches and drains very low country 
until it reaches the town of Hudson, about 2J miles from the lake, 
where it flows between higher banks, but it passes into marsh again 
before reaching the lake. 



WATEK STOEAGE. 189 

Pushaw stream leaves the lake at the north end, IJ miles from the 
point of inflow and joins the Penobscot a short distance above the 
city of Oldtown. The drainage area at this point embraces about 
263 square miles, including that of Dead Stream, which joins Pushaw 
Stream about 1^ miles below the lake and which rises in a small lake, 
called Boyd Lake, situated about 2 J miles south of Piscataquis River. 

The western shores of the lake are bordered by much high land, 
but to the south and east is low country, which, during the spring, is 
entirely overflowed. This territory includes a pond of perhaps one- 
half square mile, called Mud Pond, which is merely a bog hole drain- 
ing into the stream. 

The elevation of the lake is 117 feet above sea level. If the surface 
should be raised 3 feet, its area would be more than 22 square miles 
and its aggregate storage capacity would be 1,233,600,000 cubic feet. 
This estimate does not include the pondage likely to occur north of 
that part of Pushaw Stream flowing through the town of Alton. ' 

The shores of the lake are only thinly settled, but along the south- 
ern half are many summer cottages. The higher land to the west is 
farmed, but most of that to the east for 1 to IJ miles is unfit for 
agriculture. 

PHILLIPS LAKE. 

PhilUps Lake, which Hes wholly in the town of Dedham, about 10 
miles southeast of Bangor, receives drainage from a basin comprising 
about 11.5 square miles. Its area is about 1.4 square miles. Its 
shores are as a rule rocky, the adjacent country mostly wooded and 
but sparsely settled, and its water is apparently of excellent quahty 
and of considerable depth. 

The lake has two outlets. The greater part of the outflow passes 
from the north end of the lake northward through the village of 
East Holden, thence southward through Long Pond, and into 
Penobscot Eiver below Eucksport; the total length of this outlet is 
18 miles. The other outflowing stream flows from the southeast end 
of the lake into Green Lake and thence into Union River; this outlet 
carries water only during medium and high stages. 

SUMMARY OF STORAGE. 

The preceding descriptions show that the present more important 
developed storage area amounts to 156.4 square miles, and that the 
area available for storage is 202.4 square miles. 



190 



WATER RESOUECES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 



The following summary takes account of the more important lakes, 
but there are many smaller, widely scattered ponds which are capable 



of increased storage : 



Summary of storage. 



Present storage. 



Available storage. 



West Branch of Penobscot River: 

Chesuncook Lake 

Ripogenas LaJse 

Twin LaKes system 

Caucomgomac LaKe 

East Branch of Penoo&cot River: 

AUagasn Lajie 

CnamDerlain Lake 

leius Lauie ana Round Pond 

Webster LaKe 

Second and Grand laij:es 

Mattawamlieag Riv^er: 

Mattawamkeag Lake 

Baskahegan Lake , . . 

Pleasant Pond 

Piscataquis River: 

Sebec Lake. 

Schoodic Lake 

Seboes Lake and Northwest Pond. 

Endless Lake 

Silver Lake 

Houston Pond 

Main River: 

Pushaw Lake 



Cubic feet. 

15,600,000,000 

301,100,000 

14,880,000,000 

1,357,950,000 

1,320,000,000 
4,728,000,000 
1,000,700,000 
198,500,000 
1,959,000,000 

1,331,500,000 

2,468,000,000 

253,100,000 

3,366.540,000 
1,202,300,000 
1,345,300.000 

499,100,000 
74,440,000 

396,210,000 



62,281,740,000 



Cubic feet. 

22,901,100,000 

14,880,000,000 
2,872,850,000 

6,158,400,000 
11,327,000,000 
2,415,600,000 
554,800,000 
4,056,700,000 

1,501,600,000 

10,000,000,000 

802,280,000 

4,752,650,000 

1,969,000.000 

2,268,100,000 

881.000,000 

767,720,000 

635,410,000 



1,233, 



),000 



89,977,810.000 



LAKE AREAS. 

The State Water Storage Commission has computed from plani- 
meter measurements lake and pond areas in the Penobscot basin. 
The maps used for this purpose included the special lake survey maps 
previously described, the topographic sheets of the United States Geo- 
logical Survey, the series of township maps in the office of the State 
board of assessors, and recent private reservoir and township maps. 
The results of these area measurements of the ponds and lakes which 
bear names are included in the gazetteer, pages 221 to 279. In addi- 
tion to this there are 214 other ponds which, because they are un- 
named, are not described in the gazetteer. Their location and areas 
may be ascertained by application to the State Water Storage Com- 
mission at Augusta, Me. The general facts concerning both named 
and unnamed lakes and ponds are given in the following table. 

Summary of areas of lakes and ponds in Penobscot basin. 



Tributary to— 



Drainage 
area. 



Number. 



Lake sur- 
face area. 



Ratio water 
surface to 
drainage 



West Branch. . . 
East Branch... 
Mattawamkeag. 

Piscataquis 

Passadumkeag. 
Main River 



So. miles. 
2,100 
1,130 
1,500 
1,500 
383 
1,957 

8,570 



230 
105 
51 
119 

28 
77 

610 



Sq. miles. 
172.4 
61.6 
44.8 
65.3 
29.4 
40.0 

413.5 



12.2 
18.4 
33.5 
23.0 
13.0 
49.0- 

20.7 



WATER RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE 



191 



EFFECT OF PRESENT STORAGE ON FLOW. 

BASE DATA. 

The only complete set of data available for the study of the regi- 
men of flow of the Penobscot is furnished by the 9-year record of 
discharge of the West Branch at Millinocket. This record is espe- 
cially valuable because it covers observations during a very dry 
period (1903-4), and therefore affords an excellent basis for the 
study of the effect of storage in this basin. 

The river above Milhnocket is largely controlled by the Twin 
Lakes and Chesuncook Lake reservoir systems, so that the discharge 
at Milhnocket is artificial for the greater part of the time. Occa- 
sionally in the spring some waste water passes Millinocket, and 
during the summer months, especially July and August, some excess 
of water has to be let out for log driving. Normally the discharge 
is kept at about 2,000 to 2,500 second-feet. 

A careful record of the level of Twin Lakes and Chesuncook Lake 
has been kept by the Great Northern Paper Co. during this period, 
and the discharge at Milhnocket corrected for storage in these lakes has 
been computed and the results have been furnished to the United States 
Geological Survey by Mr. H. S. Ferguson, engineer for the company. 

The following table gives the discharge at Millinocket, both as 
observed and as corrected for storage, and also similar figures for 
the gaging station at West Enfield, well down on the main river. 
The correction for storage does not take account of the increased 
amount of evaporation due to raising the level (and increasing the 
area) of these lakes, but as this is only a small percentage increase 
when compared to the total water-surface area above Milhnocket, 
no error of consequence can result. 

Effect of storage of water on West Branch of Penobscot River above Millinocket onflow at 
Millinocket and at West Enfield. 





Discharge at Milliaocket. 


Discharge at West Enfield. 




As observed. 


As corrected for 
storage. 


As observed. 


As corrected for 
storage. 


Month. 


Second- 
feet. 


Second- 
feet per 
square 
mile of 
drainage 
area. 


Second- 
feet. 


Second- 
feet per 
square 
mile of 
drainage 
area. 


Second- 
feet. 


Second- 
feet per 
square 
mile of 
drainage 
area. 


Second- 
feet. 


Second- 
feet per 
square 
mile of 
drainage 
area. 


1901. 
January 


1,430 
1,630 
1,620 
9,450 
6,580 
2,650 
3,600 
2,580 
2,600 
1,360 
656 
1,160 


0.76 

.87 

.86 

5.03 

3.50 

1.41 

1.91 

1.37 

1.38 

.72 

.35 

.63 


800 

842 

727 

12,300 

8,160 

2,400 

1,400 

1,840 

707 

410 

640 

3,140 


0.42 

.45 

.39 

6.55 

4.35 

1.28 

.75 

.98 

.38 

.22 

.34 

1.67 




















March 










April. 










May 




















July 





















Septemher 










October 










November 











Pecember., ........,, 


..., 










192 

Effect of storage of water on West Branch of Penobscot River above Millinochet onflow at 
Millinocket and at West Enfield — Continued. 



Month. 



Discharge at Millinocket. 



As observed. 



Second- 
feet. 



Second- 
feet per 
square 
mile of 
drainage 
area. 



As corrected for 
storage. 



Second- 
feet. 



Second- 
feet per 
square 
mile of 
drainage 
area. 



Discharge at West Enfield. 



As observed. 



Second- 
feet. 



Second- 
feet per 
square 
mile of 
drainage 



As corrected for 
storage. 



Second- 
feet. 



1902. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September... 

October 

November. . . 
December 

1903. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September... 

October 

November... 
December 

1904. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September... 

October 

November... 
December 

1905. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September.., 

October 

November... 
December 

1906. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August , 

September.. 

October 

November. . . 
December 



2,130 
2,270 
5,380 
11,800 
9,460 
9,390 
2,400 
2,620 
2,170 
2,290 
2,450 
2,660 



1,630 
1,860 
5,770 
13,300 
6,450 
2,120 
2,430 
3,330 
1,920 
790 



430 



527 
1,000 
5,090 
3,690 
3,200 
3,400 
2,160 
2,210 
2,300 
2,160 



2,230 
2,180 
1,720 
2,220 
6,050 
2,660 
2,400 
3,070 
2,300 
1,470 
432 



403 
746 
688 
1,200 
6,900 
4,820 
3,630 
3,220 
2,030 
2,040 
2,060 
2,030 



1.13 
1.21 
2.86 
6.28 
5.03 
5.00 
1.28 
1.39 
1.15 
1.22 
1.30 
1.41 



.87 

.99 

3.07 

7.07 

3.43 

1.13 

1.29 

1.77 

1.02 

.42 

.21 

.23 



.17 

.19 

.28 

.53 

2.71 

1 96 

1.70 

1.81 

1.15 

1.18 

1.22 

1.15 



1.19 

1.16 

.91 

1.18 

3.22 

1.41 

1.28 

1.63 

1.22 

.78 

.23 

.22 



.21 
.40 
.37 
.64 
3.67 
2.56 
1.93 
1.71 
1.08 
1.09 
1.10 
1.08 



2,600 
2,160 
4,680 
14,600 
10,200 
9,400 
860 
1,150 
1,400 
2,980 
3,700 
2,300 



951 
872 

5,140 
17,200 

8,290 

1,600 
871 

1,270 
110 
238 
413 
502 



344 

304 

449 

2,860 

12,300 

2,910 

1,450 

1,110 

2,060 

4,310 

1,810 

740 



700 
342 

370 

5,910 

8,700 

3,900 

1,630 

330 

100 

100 

294 

278 



436 

740 

713 

2,670 

14,000 

4,940 

1,630 

516 

266 

1,590 

1,800 

1,000 



1.38 

1.15 

2.49 

7.77 

5.43 

5.00 

.46 

.61 

.74 

1.59 

1.97 

1.22 



.51 

.46 

2.74 

9.15 

4.40 

.85 

.47 



.13 
.22 

.27 



.18 

.16 

.24 

1.52 

6.55 

1 55 

.77 

.59 

1.10 

2.30 



.37 

.18 

.20 

3.15 

4.64 

2.08 

.87 

.18 

.05 

.05 

.16 

.15 



.23 

.39 

.38 

1.42 

7.45 

2.63 

.87 

.28 

.14 



.53 



8,060 



39,000 

22,900 

28,000 

13,300 

9,430 

5,220 

7,000 

8,640 



34,800 
13,900 
6,250 
6,950 
6,280 
4,380 
2,260 
2,780 



38,200 
13,900 
8,750 
6,990 
7,360 
10,600 
7,460 



17,100 
8,480 
5,510 
5,000 
4,070 
2,740 
2,630 



41,600 
14,100 
8,560 
6,850 
4,240 
8,230 
11,000 



1.22 



8,530 



5.91 
3.47 
4.24 
2.02 
1.43 
.79 
1.06 
1.31 



41,800 

23,600 

28,000 

11,800 

7,960 

4,450 

7,690 



5.27 
2.11 
.95 
1.05 
.95 
.66 
.34 
.42 



38,700 
15,740 
5,730 
5,390 
4,220 
2,570 
1,710 
2,810 



5.79 
2.11 
1.33 
1.06 
1.12 
1.61 
1.13 



45,400 
13,100 
7,000 
4,-^00 
7,260 
12,500 
6,970 



2.59 
1.28 
.84 
.76 
.62 
.42 
.40 




19,750 
9,720 
4,740 
2,260 
1,870 
1,370 
2,490 



48,700 
14,180 
6,560 
4,150 
2,480 
7,780 
10,740 



EFFECT OF PEESENT STOKAGE ON FLOW. 



193 



Effect of storage of water on West Branch of Penobscot River above MillinocTcet on 
flow at MillinocTcet and at West Enfield — Continued. 



Discharge at Millinocket. 



As observed. 



Second- 
feet. 



Second- 
feet per 
square 
mile of 
drainage 
area. 



As corrected for 
storage. 



Second- 
feet. 



Second- 
feet per 
square 
mile of 
drainage 



Discharge at West Enfield. 



As observed. 



Second- 
feet! 



Second- 
feet per 
square 
mile of 
drainage 



As corrected for 
storage. 



Second- 
feet. 



Second- 
feet per 
square 
mile of 



area. 



0.20 



396 



7,060 
6,930 
5,210 
3,480 
2,140 



3.76 

2^77 
1.85 
1.14 



16,200 
6,490 



3,000 
1,610 



4,510 



3,130 
2,860 
2,990 
2,930 
10,200 
6,910 
3,790 
2,490 
2,000 
2,000 
2,000 
2,000 



1,390 
813 
1,360 
2,440 
9,340 
4,630 
3,310 
2,320 
2,270 
2,330 
2,210 
2,190 



2,130 
4,070 
4,050 



2,510 
5,700 
5,380 
2,850 
2,300 
2,350 
2,210 
2,150 
2,140 



2.40 



1.66 
1.52 
1.59 
1.56 
5.43 
3.68 
2.02 
1.32 
1.06 
1.06 
1. 06 
1.06 



.74 
.43 
.72 
1.30 
4.96 
2.46 
1.76 
1.23 
1.21 
1.24 
1.18 
1.16 



1.14 
2.16 
2.16 
1.34 
3.03 
2.86 
1,52 
1.23 
1.25 
1.18 
1.14 
1.14 



3,580 



2,420 

1,620 

1,520 

4,030 

15,800 

6,420 

1,420 

1,020 

250 

310 

240 

330 



810 

750 

1,060 

8,250 

15,200 

3,600 

2,300 

930 

1,940 

4,240 

2,570 

1,910 



1,430 

1,620 

1,450 

9,320 

6,320 

4,800 

2,240 

1,050 

400 

350 

1,050 

650 



0.21 



8.61 
3.45 
3.24 
1.60 



1.91 



1.29 

.86 

.81 

2.14 

8.40 

3.41 

.76 

.54 

.13 

.17 

.13 

.18 



.43 

.40 

.56 

4.39 

8.10 

1.92 

1.22 

.50 

1.03 

2.26 

1.37 

1.02 



.76 

,86 

.77 

4.96 

3.36 

2.56 

1.19 

.56 

.21 

.19 

.55 

.35 



6,820 

3,960 

2,930 

17,600 

40,200 

19,900 

17,600 

10,800 

7,580 

10,100 

22,400 

16,800 



11,300 
10,400 
11,200 
22,600 
39,400 
17,800 
7,900 
6,000 
4,220 
3,450 
4,040 
3,960 



8,170 
10,000 
43,000 
38,700 
13,100 
8,520 
5,110 
10,600 
15,500 
11,400 



7,400 
8,600 
11,800 
27.800 
19,800 
16,800 
8,380 
6,140 
4,260 
3,370 
4,070 
4,000 



1.03 
.60 
.44 
2.67 
6.10 
3.02 
2.67 
1.64 
1.15 
1.53 
3.39 
2.55 



1.71 

1.58 

1.70 

3.42 

5.97 

2.70 

1.20 

.91 

.64 

.52 

.61 

.60 



1.35 
1.24 
1.52 
6.52 
5.86 
1.98 
1.29 
.77 
1.61 
2.35 
1.73 
1.47 



1.12 

1.30 

1.78 

4.19 

2.99 

2.53 

1.26 

.93 

.64 

.51 

.61 

.60 



2,950 



49,340 
19,460 
18,470 
10,320 
7,050 



15,870 



10,590 

9,160 

9,730 

23,700 

45,000 

17,310 

5,530 

4,530 

2,470 

1,760 

2,280 

2,290 



8,350 
8,110 
9,700 
48,800 
44,550 
12,070 
7,510 
3,720 
10,270 
17,410 
11,760 
9,400 



6,700 
6,150 
9,200 
34,600 
20,400 
16,200 
7,770 
4,890 
2,310 
1,510 
2,970 
2,510 



0.45 



7.48 
2.95 
2.80 
1.56 
1.07 



2.40 



1.60 

1.39 

1.47 

3.59 

6.82 

2.62 

.84 

.69 

.37 

.27 

.35 

.36 



1.27 
1.23 
1.47 
7.40 
6.75 
1.83 
1.14 
.56 
1.55 
2.64 
1.78 
1.42 



1.01 

.93 

1.39 

5.24 

3.09 

2.45 

1.18 

.74 

.35 

.23 

.45 

.38 



1504! 



-wsp 279—12- 



-13 



194 WATER RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

The table clearly shows the effect of the present storage above 
Millinocket. It is especially noticeable during the fall months of I 
the dry years— 1903, 1905, 1906, 1908, and 1910— when the flow past" 
^MiUinocket formed a large part of the total flow at West Enfield, 
and the effect would be even better shown if data of discharge were 
available at West Enfield for the winter months following and dur- 
ing these periods of drought. 

The storage of water for log driving on the East Branch, the Mat- 
tawamkeag, and a few other tributaries has no lasting effect on the 
regimen of flow, but this temporary storage serves to lessen the 
tendency to high water during the spring and to maintain rather 
more than the normal river stage during April, May, and June on 
the smaller streams, and perhaps through July on the large tribu- 
taries. 

WATER AVAILABLE ON WEST BRANCH OF PENOBSCOT RIVER. 
MASS CURVE FOR WEST BRANCH AT MILLINOCKET. 

The estimated monthly discharge at MiUinocket, corrected for 
storage, as given in the previous table, has been used in investigating 
the amount of water available for storage on the West Branch. 

The method used is that of the mass curve, described in the report 
on the water resources of the Kennebec River basin.^ 

The base data for this mass curve are embodied in the following 
table. 

Column 2 shows the mean monthly discharge of the West Branch 
of Penobscot River at Millinocket, corrected for storage, as pre- 
viously explained; column 3 indicates the surplus ( + ) or deficit 
(— ) of the discharge figures in column 2, relative to an assumed 
constant discharge of 2,500 second-feet at Millinocket; column 4 is 
the equivalent of column 3 expressed in bilhons of cubic feet; and 
column 5 shows the total surplus water, in billions of cubic feet, 
available for storage during any given month, beginning with Janu- 
ary, 1901, under the assumption of 2,500 second-feet minimum flow, 
and the values are obtained by adding or subtracting, respectively, 
the surplus or deficit shown in column 4. The values in this column 
are used in plotting the ''mass curve" (PL X). 

» Water-supply Paper U. S. Geol. Survey No. 198, pp. 150-153. 



EFFECT OF PEESENT STOKAGE ON FLOW. 

Mass curve for Millinocket. 



195 



January... 
February . . 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September. 
October — 
November. 
December. . 



January . . 
February. 
March 



April, 
lay. 



Apr 
Maj 
June. 
July 

August 

September. 
October — 
November. 
December. . 



January... 
February . . 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September. 

October 

November. 
December., 



January . . . 
February.. 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September. 

October 

November. 
December. . 



January . . . 
February . . 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September. 
October — 
November . 
December. . 



Month. 



1901. 



1902. 



Discharge of 
West Branch 
of Penobscot 

River at 
Millinocket, 
corrected for 

storage. 



1903. 



1904. 



1905. 



Second-feet. 

800 

842 

727 

12,300 

8,160 

2,400 

1,400 

1,840 

707 

410 

640 

3,140 



2,600 

2,160 

4,680 

14, 600 

10,200 

9,400 

860 

1,150 

1,400 

2,980 

3,700 

2,300 



951 

872 

5,140 

17,200 

8,290 

1,600 

871 

1,270 

110 

238 

413 

502 



344 

304 

449 

2,860 

12, 300 

2,910 

1,450 

1,110 

2,060 

4,310 

1,810 

740 



330 
100 
100 
294 
278 



Surplus (+) or deficit 

( — ) for a discharge of 

2,500 second-feet at 

Millinocket. 



Second- 
feet. 



- 1,700 

- 1,658 

- 1,773 



5,660 

100 

1,100 

660 

1,793 

2,090 

1,860 

640 



+ 100 

- 340 
+ 2, 180 
-}-12,100 
+ 7,700 
+ 6,900 

- 1,640 

- 1,350 

- 1,100 
+ 480 
+ 1,200 

- 200 



- 1,549 

- 1,628 
+ 2,640 
-M4,700 
+ 5,790 

- 900 

- 1,629 

- 1,230 

- 2,390 

- 2,262 

- 2,087 

- 1,998 



- 2,156 

- 2, 196 

- 2,051 



360 
9,800 

410 
1,050 
1,390 

440 
1,810 

690 
1,760 



- 1,800 

- 2,158 

- 2, 130 
+ 3,410 
+ 6,200 
+ 1,400 

- 870 

- 2,170 

- 2,400 

- 2,400 

- 2,206 

- 2,222 



Billion 
cubic feet. 



- 4.55 

- 4.01 

- 4.75 
-f25. 40 
-fl5.16 

- .26 

- 2.94 

- 1.77 

- 4.65 

- 5.60 

- 4.82 
-f 1.71 



+ .27 

- .82 
-<- 5.84 
+31.36 
+20. 62 
+17.88 

- 4.39 

- 3.62 

- 2.85 
+ 1.29 
+ 3.11 

- .54 



- 4.15 

- 3.94 

+ 7.07 
+38. 10 
+ 15.51 

- 2.33 

- 4.36 

- 3.29 

- 6.19 

- 6.06 

- 5.41 

- 5.35 



- 5.77 

- 5.50 

- 5.49 
+ .93 
+26.24 
+ 1.06 

- 2.81 

- 3.72 

- 1.14 
+ 4.85 

- 1.79 

- 4.71 



- 4.82 

- 5.22 

- 5.70 
+ 8.84 
+ 16.60 
+ 3.63 

- 2.33 

- 5.81 

- 6.22 

- 6.43 

- 5.72 

- 5.95 



Water 
available 
for storage. 



Billion 
cubic feet. 

- 4.55 

- 8.56 
-13.31 
+ 12.09 

27.25 
26.99 
24.05 
22.28 
17.63 
12.03 
7.21 



196 



WATEK HESOUKCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 



Mass curve for Milinocket — Continued. 



Month. 



Discharge of 
West Branch 
of Penobscot 

River at 
Millinocket, 
corrected for 



Surplus (+) or deficit 

(— ) for a discharge of 

2,500 second -feet at 

MOlinocket. 



Second- 
feet. 



BiUion 
cubic feet. 



1906. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

Jiine 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

1907. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

1908. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

1909. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

1910. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 



Second-feet. 

436 

740 

713 

2,670 

14,000 

4,940 

1,630 

516 

266 

1,590 

1,800 

1,000 



1,260 

571 

396 

2,860 

16,200 

6,490 

6,080 

3,000 

1,610 

2,880 

6,970 

3,580 



2,420 

1,620 

1,520 

4,030 

15,800 

6,420 

1,420 

1,020 

250 

310 

240 

330 



810 
750 
1,060 
8,250 
15,200 
3,600 
2,300 
930 
1,940 
4,240 
2,570 
1,910 



1,430 

1,620 

1,450 

9,320 

6,320 

4,800 

2,240 

1,050 

400 

350 

1,050 

650 



- 2,064 

- 1,760 

- 1,787 
+ 170 
+11,500 
+ 2,440 

- 870 

- 1,984 

- 2,234 

- 910 

- 700 

- 1,500 



- 1,240 

- 1,929 

- 2, 104 
+ 360 
+13,700 
+ 3,990 
+ 3,580 
+ 500 

- 890 



4,470 
1,080 



+ 1,530 
+13,300 

+ 3,920 

- 1,080 

- 1,480 

- 2,250 

- 2,190 

- 2,260 

- 2,170 



- 1,690 

- 1,750 

- 1,440 
+ 5,750 
+12,700 
+ 1,100 



1,570 
560 

1,740 

70 

590 



- 1,070 

- 880 

- 1,050 
+ 6,820 
+ 8,820 
+ 2,300 

- 260 

- 1,450 

- 2,100 

- 2,160 

- 1,460 

- 1,850 



- 5.53 

- 4.26 

- 4.79 
+ .44 
+30.80 
+ 6.32 

- 2.33 

- 5.31 

- 5.79 

- 2.44 

- 1.81 

- 4.02 



- 3.32 

- 4.67 

- 5.63 
+ .93 
+36.69 
+10.34 
+ 9.59 
+ 1.34 

- 2.31 
+ 1.02 
+11.59 
+ 2.89 



- .20 

- 2.21 

- 2.62 
+ 3.97 
+35. 62 
+10. 16 

- 2.89 

- 3.96 

- 5.83 

- 5.86 

- 5.86 

- 5.81 



- 4.53 

- 4.23 
-3.86 
+14.90 
+34.01 
+ 2.85 

- .54 

- 4.20 

- 1.45 
+ 4.66 
+ .18 

- 1.58 



- 2.87 

- 2.13 

- 2.81 
+17.67 
+10.22 
+ 5.96 

- .70 
-3.88 

- 5.44 

- 6.76 

- 3.76 

- 4.95 




DIAGRAM SHOWING STORAGE MASS OF WEST BRANCH OF PENOBSCOT RIVER AT MILUINOCKET. 



EFFECT OF PRESENT STOBAGE ON FLOW. 19Y 

Plate X shows a ^'mass diagram'' for the period embraced by the 
MiUinocket records (1901-1909) made up from the foregoing table 
by plotting the values given in column 5 as ordinates and the time 
in months as abscissas. Plate X was engraved before the data for 
1910 in the foregoing table were available. The features of this dia- 
gram of especial importance are as follows : 

1. For the interval of time between any two dates represented on 
the axis of abscissas, the surplus or deficiency is obtained by sub- 
tracting the ordinate corresponding to the earlier date from the ordi- 
nate corresponding to the later date; if this difference is positive it 
represents a surplus; if it is negative it represents a deficiency. An 
ascending part of the curve, therefore, shows a period during which 
the quantity of available water is increasing, and a descending part 
of the curve indicates a period in which the quantity of available 
water is decreasing. 

2. The crests and hoUows of the curve indicate those instants of 
time when supply and demand are equal. 

3. If a horizontal fine is drawn from any of the low points of the 
curve back to a rising line, the maximum ordinate scaled from the 
horizontal line to the curve will show the amount in billions of cubic 
feet that would have to be stored to provide the assumed flow during 
the period of drought covered by the horizontal line. 

4. The period during which this greatest ordinate occurs is there- 
fore the critical one, and all the surplus of supply over demand during 
parts of this period must be stored to meet the deficiency during the 
remainder of it. 

Plate X shows that the period which includes the maximum ordi- 
nate extends from about May, 1902, to March, 1906, and that the 
maximum ordinate falls in May, 1903. This maximum ordinate 
(A-B, PI. X) corresponds to 64.55 billion cubic feet, which is the 
amount of storage required to provide at all times from May, 1903, 
to March, 1906, a minimum flow of 2,500 second-feet at MiUinocket. 

The effect of modifying the assumed conditions of minimum flow 
at MiUinocket is obtained by means of the intercepts of the dotted 
lines radiating from the various low points in the mass curve (C, D, 
and E, PL X), measured upon the vertical ordinate A-B, with regard 
to point A. 

Thus, for an assumed minimum flow of 2,400 second-feet at MiUi- 
nocket, the fine D F is drawn at a slope with the horizontal corre- 
sponding to a continuous discharge of 100 second-feet, so that F B 
represents 8.94 bilHon cubic feet (the equivalent of 100 second-feet 
for the 34-month period between B and D, or May, 1903, to March, 
1906). The storage required to produce a minimum flow of 2,400 
second-feet will therefore be 8.94 billion cubic feet less than the 
64.55 bilHon cubic feet required for a minimum flow of 2,500 second- 
feet, or 55.61 billion cubic feet, or the distance A-F. 



198 

The dotted line marked 2,265 passes through the point C, and for 
values of minimum flow less than 2,265 second-feet the sloping lines 
will start from point C and the period during which storage is being 
utilized is the 10 months from May, 1903, to March, 1904. The 
ordinates of required storage are measured on the Hne A B until the 
point G is reached, corresponding to a minimum flow of 1,238 second- 
feet, the ordinate A-G being equal to the ordinate H-M. Below a 
minimum flow of 1,238 second-feet the ordinates of required storage 
are measured from H on the Hne H M. 

For a minimum flow greater than 2,500 second-feet the ordinates 
of required storage are greater than A B and are defined by the slant- 



3000 




500 



20 40 60 80 100 120 2 

MINIMUM STORAGE REQUIRED IN BILLION CUBIC FEET ^ 

Figure 5.— Minimum discharge of West Branch of Penobscot River at MlUinocket for given storage in 

billion cubic feet. 



ing lines 2,600, 2,700, etc. It will be noted that the line marked 
2,571 passes through T> and E, and for minimum flow greater than 
2,571 the dotted lines radiate from E, corresponding to a time of 
46 months (March, 1903, to March, 1907), during which water stored 
prior to March, 1903, will be used. 

The probable upper hmit of storage is indicated by the average 
discharge at Milhnocket during the period 1901-1909, inclusive, which 
was 3,160 second-feet, or 1.68 second-feet per square mile of drain- 
age. It seems best to set the limit somewhat below this figure and 
therefore 1.60 second-feet per square mile of drainage (or about 3,000 
second-feet at Milhnocket) will be assumed as the limiting quantity 
of water to be considered in these storage investigations. 



EfFECT OF PEESENT STORAGE OF FLOW. 



199 



In the following table are given in condensed form the results from 
the mass curve (PI. X), showing the amounts of storage required to 
give various minimum discharges at MilHnocket: 

Storage required for different minimum discharges at MilHnocket. 
[Drainage area, 1,880 square miles.] 



Discharge at MUU- 


Storage 


nocket. 


required. 




Second-feet 


Billion 


Second-feet. 


per square 


cubic feet. 


500 


0.27 


3.00 


1,000 


.53 


12.17 


1,238 


.66 


16.45 


1,500 


.80 


23.46 


2,000 


1.06 


36.61 


2,265 


1.20 


43.58 


2,500 


1.33 


64.55 


2,571 


1.37 


70.90 


3,000 


1.60 


122. 88 



This is also shown more completely, in graphic form, in figure 5, 
where values of necessary storage in bilHon cobic feet are plotted as 
abscissas and values of minimum discharge at Millinocket as ordi- 
nates. The latter values are also shown as second-feet per square 
mile of drainage by means of an auxiliary scale at the right of the 
figure. 

APPLICATION OF RESULTS OF MASS-CURVE COMPUTATION. 

To render the results of the mass-curve computations, as shown in 
figure 5, applicable for drainage areas adjacent to that of the West 
Branch of the Penobscot at Millinocket, the following table has been 
prepared, in which the minimum discharge is expressed as second- 
feet per square mile of drainage area and the required storage in 
billion cubic feet per 100 square miles of drainage area. 

Storage required to produce various discharges, based on the records of West Branch at 

Millinocket. 







Required 




Recorded 


storage per 


Discharge. 


storage at 


100 square 




Millinocket. 


miles of 
drainage area. 


Sec.-ft. per 






sq. mile. 


Billion cu.ft. 


Billion cu.ft. 


0.3 


4.17 


0.222 


.4 


7.59 


.404 


.5 


11.0 


.586 


.6 


14.5 


.771 


.66 


16.4 


.874 


.7 


18.5 


.984 


.8 


23.5 


1.25 


.9 


28.4 


1.51 


1.0 


33.4 


1.78 


1.1 


38.4 


2.04 


1.2 


. 43.3 


2.31 


1.3 


59.6 


3.17 


1.37 


70.9 


3.77 


1.4 


78.3 


4.17 


1.5 


101.1 


5.38 


1.6 


123.8 


6.58 



200 WATER EESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

WATER AVAILABLE ON OTHER TRIBUTARIES OF PENOBSCOT 

RIVER. 

The relative yield of other tributaries of the Penobscot as com- 
pared with that of the West Branch at Millinocket, covering the 
years 1906-1909 for the Mattawamkeag at Mattawamkeag, the 
East Branch at Grindstone, and the Piscataquis at Foxcroft, is 
shown on Plate XI. The years 1906-1909 have been selected because 
they constitute the only years of complete records of discharge. On 
this plate each year has been considered in two portions, one includ- 
ing the months April to June, inclusive, which are generally the 
months when most of the water is available for storage, and the 
second portion the months July to March, inclusive, which in tliis 
latitude are generally months when stored water would have to be 
utilized. 

All the diagrams on Plate XI are mass curves showing the total 
discharge in second-feet per square mile of drainage area per month, 
all curves being assumed to start at the same point, at the beginning 
of the period in question, and the relative position of the curves at 
any time indicating the relative total discharge of these different 
tributaries up to that time. 

Comparing these results, first for the period April to June, inclu- 
sive, it will be noted that the mass curves for the West Branch, 
East Branch, and Mattawamkeag are in general similar, and the total 
amount of water available for storage on these different rivers is 
about the same. In general the discharge of the Mattawamkeag is 
slightly greater than that of the East Branch, the latter slightly 
exceeding that of the West Branch. This is in accordance with the 
relative amounts of precipitation on the drainage areas of these 
branches. It must be kept in mind that the run-off during April 
and May usually includes the greater part of the precipitation stored 
in the form of snow, beginning about the middle of November. 

The record shows a considerably higher discharge for the Piscata- 
quis than for the other tributaries, partly because the gaging station 
is much nearer the source of the river than are the gaging stations on 
the other tributaries. The precipitation on the upper part of the 
Piscataquis basin is undoubtedly considerably greater than the 
mean precipitation on the whole basin, and the unit discharge at 
Foxcroft is correspondingly greater than at the mouth of the Piscata- 
quis. The records for the Foxcroft gaging station are probably 
not as reliable as those for the other tributaries, on account of the 
variable use of water at the mills above Foxcroft, and the estimates 
of flow during the winter months at Foxcroft are probably subject 
to considerable error. Hence, though it may be inferred that the 



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DIAGRAM SHOWING STORAGE MASS OF SEVERAL TRIBUTARIES OF PENOBSCOT Rl\ 
discharge for West Branch of the Penobscot has been corrected for storage; other figures are as obsi 



EFFECT OF PRESENT STOEAGE OK PLOW. 201 

unit discharge of the Piscataquis at Foxcroft is greater than that of 
the other tributaries of the Penobscot here considered, it is probable 
that the results shown by the mass curves (PL XI) are somewhat 
too large. 

The July to March curves for the three seasons considered on 
Plate XI indicate that the discharge in 1907-8 was considerably 
above the normal, the other two seasons being characterized as 
drier. During July of each year the flow of the East Branch is 
liable to be somewhat affected by storage, but it will be noted that 
after July the East and West branches show very similar discharge 
until the following April. 

The discharge of the Mattawamkeag is also similar to that of the 
East and West branches for the summer and fall months, but from 
November of each year it shows a well-defined tendency toward 
increase, doubtless owing to the fact that the Mattawamkeag drain- 
age basin lies relatively nearer the coast and farther east than the 
areas drained by other tributaries, so that occasional winter thaws 
contribute to the run-off. The Mattawamkeag is therefore less 
subject to the low-water stages during January and February than 
the other rivers — an important factor in the storage problem, for it 
will be noted that these winter months frequently show very low 
discharge rates on the East and West branches of the Penobscot 
and thus materially extend the time required for using stored water. 
(See PL XI.) 

The Piscataquis curve shows a slightly greater discharge rate than 
is shown by the curves for the other tributaries during the summer 
months, considerable more during the fall, and very much more 
during the winter. The explanation is in part indicated on page 200. 

The relative yield of the four tributaries may be summarized as 
follows: 

The amount of water generally available for storage from April to 
June, inclusive, is slightly greater on the East Branch and Matta- 
wamkeag than on the West Branch, and is probably still greater on 
the Piscataquis, so that the upper limit of storage corresponding to 
a unit discharge of 1.60 second-feet per square mile of drainage, as 
used in the table on page 199, is conservative for all these tributaries. 

For the part of the year when storage must generally be utilized, 
July to March, inclusive, the East and West branches are substan- 
tially alike in regimen, and the table, page 199, is applicable to either 
drainage area. For the Mattawamkeag this table is conservative, 
and somewhat less storage would be required to produce the various 
assumed discharges, especially the lower ones. 

For the Piscataquis above Foxcroft this table is very conserva- 
tive, but as most of the available storage in the Piscataquis drainage 



202 



WATER EESOtJKCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 



is in the lakes northeast of Foxcroft and adjacent to the West Branch 
drainage area, the table is fairly well applicable for these storage 
sites. 

WATER AVAILABLE FROM STORAGE. 

The table on page 199 affords a basis for the following estimates of 
discharge probably available from the various storage reservoirs: 

Discharge available from storage reservoirs on West Branch of Penobscot River. 
Twin Lake system. 

[Drainage area, 1,880 square miles.] 



Elevation 
of water 
surface 
above 
Bangor and 
Aroostook 
datum 
(feet). 


Total storage ca- 
pacity (cubic 
feet) above ele- 
vation 469 feet. 


Minimum discharge 
available from this 
storage. 


Remarks. 


Second-feet 

per square 

mile. 


Second- 
feet. 


487 
489 
491 
492 


11,410,000,000 
12,800,000,000 
14,190,000,000 
14,880,000,000 


0.51 
.55 
.59 
.61 


960 
1,030 
1,110 
1,140 


Crest of spillway, present dam. 

Top of flashboards, present dam (highest level of 
lake). 


Ripogenus Lake. 

[Drainage area, 1,410 square miles.] 


Elevation 
of water 
surface 

above sea 
level (feet). 


Total storage ca- 
pacity (cubic 
feet) above ele- 
vation 879 feet. 


Minimxmi discharge 
available from this 
storage. 


Remarks. 


Second-feet 

per square 

mile. 


Second- 
feet. 


889 
930.6 


301,100,000 
21,600,000,000± 






Crest of present dam. 

Crest of proposed dam, which will include Che- 
suncook Lake. 


0.91± 


1,310± 


Chesuncook Lake. 

[Drainage area, 1,330 square miles.] 


Elevation 
of water sur- 
face above 
Bangor and 
Aroostook 
datum 
(feet). 


Total storage ca- 
pacity (cubic 
feet) above ele- 
vation 913. 


Minimum discharge 
available from this 
storage. 


Remarks. 


Second-feet 

per square 

mile. 


Second- 
feet. 


933 
935 
937 


13,600,000,000 
15,600,000,000 
17,600,000,000 


0.72 

.77 
.83 


958 
1,024 
1,104 


Crest of spillway, present dam. 
See Ripogenus Lake, above. 



EFFECT OF PKESENT STOEAGE ON FLOW. 



203 



Discharge available from storage reservoirs on West Branch of Penobscot River — Contd. 

Caucomgomuc Lake. 
[Drainage area, 174 square miles.] 



Elevation 
of water 
surface 
above sill 
of present 
dam (feet). 



Total storage ca- 
pacity (cubic 
feet) above sill 
of dam. 



800, 100. 000 
1,358,000,000 
1,760,600,000 
2,872,800,000 



Minimum discharge 
available from this 
storage. 



Second-feet 

per square 

mile. 



0.43 
.61 
.71 
.95 



Second- 
feet. 



75 
106 
124 
165 



Remarks. 



Sill of present dam. 
Crest of present dam. 



Summary for V/est Branch of Penobscot River. 



Twin Lake system 

Ripogenus and Chesuncook lakes 

Caucomgomuc 

Total second-feet per square mile at outlet of Twin Lakes system 



Discharge 
available 

with 
present 
storage. 



Second-feet. 

1,140 

9&S 

106 



2,204 



1.17 



Discharge 
available 

with 

additional 

storage. 



Second-feet. 
1,140 
1,310± 
165 



2,615 



Even with the additional storage indicated above the West Branch 
would not be developed to the limit of 1.60 second-feet per square 
mile, and would still be capable of utilizing more storage capacity. 

Discharge available from storage reservoirs on East Branch of Penobscot River. 

Grand and Second Grand lakes. 

[Drainage area, 496 square miles.] 



Elevation 

of water 

surface 

above sea 

level (feet). 


Total storage ca- 
pacity (cubic 
feet) above ele- 
vation 641.2. 


Minimum discharge 
available from this 
storage. 


Remarks. 


Second-feet 
per square 


Second- 
feet. 


645 
650 
655 
660 
665 
670 


407,900,000 
1,104,900.000 
1,959,000,000 
2,949,900,000 
4,056.700,000 
5,277,800.000 






Ordinary low water. 
Crest of present dam. 


0.30 
.40 
.51 
.63 
.73 


149 
199 
253 
313 
363 



204 



WATEE EESOUECES OF PEKOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 



Discharge available from storage reservoirs on East Branch of Penobscot River — Contd. 
Chamberlain and Telos lakes and Round Pond. 

[Drainage area, 270 square miles.] 



Elevation 

of water 

surface 

above sea 

level (feet). 


Total storage ca- 
pacity (cubic 
feet) above ele- 
vation 935.4, 


Minimum discharge 
available from this 
storage. 








Second-feet 

per square 

mile. 


Second- 
feet, 




937.9 
942.9 
945.8 
947.9 
952.9 
957.9 
962.9 


1,261,000,000 
3,991,000,000 
5,729,000,000 
6,973,000,000 
10,173.000,000 
13, 743; 000, 000 
17,804,000,000 


0.43 
.89 
1.13 
1.23 
1.37 
1.48 
1.6 


116 
240 
305 
332 
370 
400 
432 


Ordinary low water. 

Crest of present Lock Dam. 

10 feet above ordinary low water. 

20 feet above ordinary low water. 
Limit of desirable storage. 


Allagash Lake. 
[Drainage area, 102 square miles.] 


Elevation 

of water 

surface 

above sea 

level (feet). 


Total storage ca- 
pacity (cubic 
feet) above ele- 
vation 1,037. 


Minimum discharge 
available from this 
storage. 


Remarks, 


Second-feet 
per square 


Second- 
feet. 


1,041.5 
1,044 
1,051.5 
1,061.5 
1, 068. 9 


835,500,000 
1,320,000,000 
2,844,400,000 
5,020,400,000 
6,710,000,000 


0.63 

.81 
1.25 
1.45 
1.60 


64 
83 
127 
148 
163 


Ordinary low water. 

Crest of present dam. 

10 feet above ordinary low water. 

20 feet above ordinary low water. 

Limit of desirable storage. 


Summary for East Branch of Penobscot River, 


Lake. 


Discharge 
available 

with 
present 
storage. 


Discharge 
available 

with 

additional 

storage. 




Second Grand 


Second-feet. 
199 
305 

84 


Second-feet. 
363 
432 
163 


Chamberla 


n and Telos and Rn 


and Pond . . . . . . 


Allagash 






588 


a 795 


Total second-feet ner snuare mile at outlet of Crrand !>,? 


ike. 


1.19 


1,60 













a Omitting Allagash Lake, as entire drainage area will be required for Chamberlain Lake. 

The discharge indicated in the summary above would include com- 
plete development of the East Branch above Grand Lake outlet to a 
discharge of not less than 1.60 second-feet per square mile, or the 
practical limit of available water. 



EFFECT OF PEESElirT STORAGE ON FLOW. 



205 



Discharge available from storage reservoirs on Mattawarrikeag River. 
Baskahegan Lake. 

[Drainage area, 151 square miles.] 



Elevation 
of water 
surface 
above crest 
of present 
dam (feet). 


Total storage ca- 
pacity (cubic 
feet) above ele- 
vation of pres- 
ent gate sills. 


Minimum discharge 
available from this 
storage. 


Remarks. 


Second-feet 

per square 

mile. 


Second- 
feet. 




5 
10 
12.8 


2,468,000,000 
5,033,000,000 
8,058,000,000 
9,950,000,000 


0.95 
1.32 
1.50 
1.60 


143 
199 
227 
242 


Crest of present dam. 
Limit of desirable storage. 


Mattawamkeag Lake. 
[Drainage area, 305 square miles.] 


Elevation 

of water 

surface 

above sea 

level (feet). 


Total Storage ca- 
pacity (cubic 
feet) above ele- 
vation 455. 


Minimum discharge 
available from this 
storage. 


Remarks. 


Second-feet 
persguare 


Second- 
feet. 


455 
457 
460 
462 
464 
465 








Gate sills, present dam. 

Crest of present dam. 

Probable limit due to excessive damage. 


262,600,000 

694,200,000 

1,004,200,000 

1,331,500,000 

1,501,600,000 






0.30 
.36 
.42 
.45 


91 
110 

128 
137 


Pleasant Lake. 

[Drainage area possibly tributary, 79 square miles.] 


Elevation 

of water 

surface 

above sea 

level (feet). 


Total storage ca- 
pacity (cubic 
feet) above ele- 
vation 595. 


Minimum discharge 
available from this 
storage. 


Remarks. 


Second-feet 
per square 


Second- 
feet. 


595 

598 

600 

602.5 

605 

607.5 

610 
620 








Proposed elevation of outlet; to be obtained by 

dredging. 
Present elevation of outlet. 

Probable limit of high water without excessive 
expense for dam, etc. 


179,000,000 
303,900,000 
464,900,000 
630,800,000 
802,300,000 

977,900,000 
1,716,700,000 


0.30 
.39 
.50 
.62 
.72 

.80 
1.15 


23.7 
30.8 
39.5 
49.0 
59.0 

63.0 
91.0 



206 



WATER EESOUECES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE 



Discharge available from storage reservoirs on Mattawamkeag River — Continued. 
Summary for Mattawamkeag River. 



Lake. 


Discharge 
available 

with 
present 
storage. 


... 

Discharge 
available 

with 

additional 

storage. 




Second-feet. 
143 
128 


Second-feet. 
242 
137 
59 


Mattawamkeag 


Pleasant Lake 


Total second-feet per square mile for 535 square miles total drainage area 




271 


438 


0.51 


0.82 



Discharge available from reservoirs on Piscataquis River. 

Schoodic Lake. 

[Drainage area, 32 square miles.] 



Elevation 

of water 

surface 

above sea 

level (feet). 


Total storage ca- 
pacity (cubic 
feet) above ele- 
vation 428.5. 


Minimum discharge 
available from this 
storage. 


Remarks. 


Second-feet 

per square 

mile. 


Second- 
feet. 


428.5 

430 

432.5 

435 

435.4 








Probable elevation of outlet. 

Probable present limit of storage. 
Probable limit of storage on account of damage. 
Probable limit of storage on account of lack of 
drainage area. 


447,500,000 
1,202,300,000 
1,969,000,000 
2,110,000,000 


0.86 
1.37 
1.56 
1.60 


28 
43 
50 
51 


Seboeis Lake and Northwest Pond. 

[Drainage area, 49 square miles.] 


Elevation 

of water 

surface 

above sea 

level (feet). 


Total storage ca- 
pacity (cubic 
feet) above ele- 
vation 432. 


Minimum discharge 
available from this 
storage. 


Remarks. 


Second-feet 

per square 

mile. 


Second- 
feet. 


432 

432.5 

435 

437.5 

440 

442.5 

445 








P*robable elevation of outlet. 

Probable present limit of storage. 

Limit of storage on accoxmt of excessive damage. 


78,900,000 

483,800,000 

906,200,000 

1,345,300,000 

1,799,700,000 

2,268,100,000 


0.22 
.70 
1.03 
1.27 
1.36 
1.44 


11 
34 
50 
62 
67 
71 



EFFECT OF PEESEITT STOKAGE ON FLOW. 

Discharge available from reservoirs on Piscataquis River — Continued. 

Endless Lake. 
[Drainage area, 66 square miles.] 



207 



Elevation 

of water 

surface 

above sea 

level (feet). 


Total storage ca- 
pacity (cubic 
feet) above ele- 
vation 392. 


Minimum discharge 
available from this 
storage. 








Second-feet 
per square 


Second- 
feet. 




392 

395 

397.5 

400 

402.5 

405 

407.5 

410 








Sill of present dam. 
Crest of present dam. 


168,100,000 
326,300,000 
499,100,000 
684,500,000 
881,000,000 
1,088,700,000 
1,306,200,000 


0.32 
.45 
.59 
.72 
.83 
.95 

1.08 


21 
30 
39 

48 
55 
63 
71 


Sebec Lake. 
[Drainage area, 367 square miles.] 


Elevation 
of water 
surface 

above sea 
level (feet). 


Total storage ca- 
pacity (cubic 
feet) above sill 
of dam. 


Minimum discharge 
available from this 
storage. 


Remarks. 


Second-feet 

per square 

mile. 


Second- 
feet. 



5 
8 
10 
12 
15 
17 








Sill of dam. 

Top of wasteway. 

Top of gates. 

Probable limit of storage on account of excessive 
damage. 


1,393,900,000 
2,240,300,000 
2,809,000,000 
3,381,100,000 
4,245,100,000 
4,824,900,000 


0.39 
.51 
.60 
.68 

.77 
.83 


143 

187 
220 
250 
282 
304 


Summary for Piscataquis River. 


Lake. 


Discharge 
available 

with 
present 
storage. 


Discharge 
available 

with 

additional 

storage. 


Schoodic 


Second-feet. 

43 

62 

39 

250 


Second-feet. 
51 
(«) 
105 
304 


Seboeis 


Endless 


Sebec . . 




394 


460 


Total in s( 


jcond-feet per square 


mile for 465 


square mi 


es total drainage area. . . 


0.85 


0.99 



a Included in discharge for Endless Lake. 
SUMMARY OF EFFECT OF STORAGE ON FLOW. 

The foregoing tables of suminaries, comprising the more important 
reservoir sites for which data are available, are especially striking 
when considered in respect to the minimum discharge that should 
be obtained with the present developed storage (about 49 billion 



208 



WATEB RESOTJKCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 



cubic feet), and show that, even on the West Branch, with its splen- 
did storage facilities, water is not used as it should be to obtain the 
best results for power development. On the West Branch this loss 
is occasioned by the use of water for log driving during the summer 
months ; on the East Branch, the Mattawamkeag, the Piscataquis, and 
other smaller tributaries no effort is made to store water except for log 
driving, and as a rule the gates at the dams are opened when the 
driving season is completed and any remaining stored water is allowed 
to waste. The following table presents an estimate of minimum flow 
obtainable at West Enfield and points below on the main river by 
efficient operation of the storage basins. For the portions of the 
drainage area not included in the storage basins considered the run- 
off used is that for the minimum month, as given on pages 136-139. 

Yield of the Penobscot River at West Enfield and points below with present and addi- 
tional storage. 





Drainage 

area (square 

miles). 


Minimum discharge in second-feet. 


River and point. 


With present storage 
(total 49 billion cubic 
feet). 


With additional storage 
(total 85 billion cubic 
feet). 




Second- 
feet. 


Second- 
feet per 
square mile. 


Second- 
feet. 


Second- 
feet per 
square mile. 


West Branch: 

At Millinocket 


1,800 
220 


2,204 
37 


1.17 

.17 


2,615 
37 


1.39 


Below Millinocket . . . 


.17 








2,100 


2,241 


1.07 


2,652 


1.26 


East Branch: 


496 
634 


588 
196 


1.19 
.31 


795 
196 


1.60 


Below Grand Lake 


.31 








1,130 


784 


.69 


991 


.88 


Mattawamkeag: 

Stored 


535 
965 


271 
68 


0.51 
.07 


438 
68 


0.82 




.07 








1,500 


339 


.23 


506 


.34 


Piscataquis: 

Stored - 


465 
1,035 


394 
155 


0.85 
.15 


460 
155 


0.99 


Remainder 


.15 








1,500 


549 


.37 


615 


.41 


Penobscot: Remainder above West Enfield 
Total at West Enfield 


370 
6,600 

7,210 
7,720 


55 
3,968 

4,059 
o4,136 


0.15 
.60 

.56 
.54 


55 
4,819 

14,910 
14,987 


0.15 
.73 


Total near Oldtown, just below Sunkhaze 


.68 




.64 







o Assuming discharge from intermediate drainage at 0.15 second-foot per square mile. 

The foregoing table covers a period of drought as severe as is likely 
to occur in the Penobscot drainage basin, as can be seen by comparing 
the storage-mass curve (PL X) with that for the Kennebec at 
Moosehead Lake.^ The Kennebec curve covers the 14 years, 1893 to 

» See Water-Supply Paper U. S. Geol. Survey No. 198, PI. VI. 



EFFECT OF PEESENT STOKAGE ON FLOW. 209 

1906, inclusive, and, like Plate X, shows that the period of most 
severe drought was 1903-4. The table indicates that if the present 
developed storage of 49 billion cubic feet were efficiently operated the 
discharge of the main river at and below West Enfield would never 
fall below a monthly mean discharge of about 4,000 second-feet, 
whereas it actually reached 2,260 second-feet in October, 1903. 
With additional storage, making a total of 85 billion cubic feet, the 
minimum discharge at West Enfield would be increased some 800 
second-feet and would reach nearly 5,000 second-feet at the lower 
power sites on the river near Bangor, or about double the present 
extreme low-water flow. 

Lessening amount of water used for log driving. — The quantity of 
water at present used in log driving is approximately estimated on 
page 213. The most serious waste occurs on the East Branch, where 
2,000 to 3,000 second-feet are required for driving. On the West 
Branch 4,000 second-feet is used between Chesuncook and Ambejejus 
lakes. This water is not necessarily all lost, as the Twin Lakes system 
below will handle at least a portion of it. 

Between the Twin Lakes outlet and the mouth of the West Branch, 
Quakish Lake and the large pond at the Dolby plant of the Great 
Northern Paper Co. enable the use without loss of any excess water 
used for driving during the daytime. Further, Mllinocket Lake dam 
was reconstructed during 1909 epecially for the purpose of storing 
water for driving, and the stored water will be of especial help on the 
lower part of the West Branch. 

Data in regard to water used for driving on the Mattawamkeag and 
Piscataquis are not available, but in a general way these tributaries 
are not so important for log driving as the East and West branches, 
nor are their facilities for storage so great at present. 

Unquestionably much of the waste of water in driving can be 
eliminated, and that without a great burden of expense. The future 
demands for driving should not require any excess flow on the West 
Branch over that actually in use for power at Millinocket. On the 
East Branch the channel below Grand Lakes will require improvement. 
The development of some of the good power sites in this part of the 
river would be of much assistance in this respect. The main river can 
undoubtedly be driven with the quantities that would be contributed 
from the East and West branches and other tributaries under the 
improved regulation of storage. In considering this matter it must 
be kept in mind that the log-driving season is usually not a period of 
drought, so that the run-off in the table (p. 208) for parts of the drain- 
age area not controlled by storage would be considerably greater than 
that estimated. 

15042°— wsp 279— 12 14 



210 WATEE EESOUKCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Effect of storage on navigation. — The navigable portion of the Penob- 
scot, being entirely within tidal limits, the effect of regulating and 
increasing storage of water in the basin would not be of great impor- 
tance except perhaps in the upper part of the river near Bangor. 

The efficient use of the present available storage would, as has been 
shown, increase the extreme low-water flow of the river by some 
1,800 second-feet. This would probably mean an increase in stage 
of between 1 and 2 feet at Bangor at low tide of a dry year, an 
increase which would be of considerable value to the large boats 
plying between Bangor and Boston. 

With the increased storage the low-water discharge at Bangor 
would be some 2,800 second-feet greater than at present, which 
would raise the low- tide stage during the dry year perhaps 2 to 3 
feet over the present height. 

CONCLUSIONS. 

The estimates of storage here presented are not necessarily final 
and may be changed in the light of later and more complete data, but 
they are based on the run-off of the West Branch during a series of 
very dry years and are believed to represent the practical extreme of 
low water to be expected on the Penobscot. The data for tributaries 
other than the West Branch are not as complete or as conclusive, and 
it is likely that the estimates are, if anything, too conservative for 
these portions of the drainage basin. The basin contains numerous 
storage sites that have not been investigated, and eventually the 
estimated amount of available additional storage can probably be 
greatly increased. This is especially true of the Mattawamkeag and 
Passadumkeag drainage basins, for which storage data are less com- 
plete than for the other tributaries. The Piscataquis above Sebec 
River may also afford one or more small reservoir sites. Some excel- 
lent opportunities have been indicated for obtaining additional storage 
with economy. 

Of the 49 billion cubic feet of storage afforded by the dams in the 
Penobscot basin for which data are available, only about 30 billion 
cubic feet — that on the West Branch — is operated with any approach 
to efficiency as regards the use of water for power development, and 
even on the West Branch the predominance of the log-driving inter- 
ests during certain months of the year causes considerable waste of 
water. 

In the past log driving and lumbering have been of greatest impor- 
tance, but the constantly growing power interests require a much 
more economical use of water than is necessary in log driving. The 
present dams should be kept tight and in good repair and care should 
be taken not to waste water either in log driving or by careless hand- 
ling of gates. Systematic efforts should be made to keep all reser- 



LOG DKIVING AND LUMBERING. 211 

voirs as full and to retain the water as far upstream in the storage 
system as possible. Care in operation with even the present reservoir 
system would greatly increase the value of the power privileges, and 
the development of the additional storage sites described in this 
report would establish a minimum discharge limit that would make 
the Penobscot one of the best power streams in the United States. 

LOG DRIVING AND LUMBERING. 

NEED OF CONSERVING FORESTS. 

Whether or not the forests of the country are being cut at a rate so 
rapid as to threaten their early extermination is a question that has 
gained serious recognition. Years ago white pine was abundant in 
the Maine forests; to-day comparatively little can be found, and it is 
believed that the practical exhaustion of the white pine in this State 
has had an important effect in directing public attention to a proper 
care of the remaining forests. Many large operators are endeavoring 
to acquire sufficient forest land to produce a yearly growth equivalent 
to their yearly requirements. 

The cut of timber in the entire State of Maine in the winter of 
1907-8 was about 725,000,000 feet board measure. Of this quantity 
about 230,000,000 feet were cut in the Penobscot basin. The princi- 
pal commercial wood is now spruce, but hemlock and cedar are also 
cut. 

METHOD OF DRIVING. 

There are five principal ''drives" in the Penobscot basin, namely, 
the West Branch, East Branch, Mattawamkeag, Piscataquis, and 
Passadumkeag. Some of these drives are united at certain points, 
others are independent from the starting point to the Penobscot 
boom, near Greenbush, where all drives are held up to be sorted. 

Log-cutting operations are begun much earlier now than formerly. 
During August many men are in the woods building camps, swamping 
roads, and getting ready for the winter's cut, which is to be begun in 
the early fall. After the logs are cut they are ' 'yarded" in convenient 
places, and when the snow comes they are hauled to the "landing," 
located on the shore of some tributary of the river down which they 
are ultimately to find their way. When the ice breaks up in the 
spring, the logs are rolled into the stream and float down on the high 
stage. In this way many small streams are driven which are almost 
dry after the first spring freshets. At the outlet of many of the 
ponds are dams which hold the spring waters back until the logs are 
ready, when, by a series of flushes, the logs are floated down the 
smaller streams to the larger stream below. If the first freshet fails 
to be of sufficient volume to flush the drive down stream, a part of 
it is held up and may have to remain over until the following spring. 



212 

After the drive is out of these small streams it is customary to allow 
the gates of dams at their headwaters to remain open until the next 
fall, so that during the summer their flow is natural. 

The method used on the small streams is similar to that employed 
on the main river. On many streams, reservoirs are formed for the 
purpose of storing water to be used in carrying the main drive through 
the crooked and rocky sections and to float the logs over the otherwise 
shallow places. Chamberlain and Telos lakes, at the headwaters of 
the East Branch, form such a reservoir, nearly all of the stored water 
during the average year being used for the drive. Chesuncook Lake 
also was formerly used for this purpose, but power developments and 
improvements during the last few years have brought about a much 
more economical use of the water, although some of the water is still 
required for driving logs. 

It is of interest to note that the largest operator on the Penobscot — 
the Great Northern Paper Co. — has employed during the winter of 
1907-8 in the Penobscot Valley 2,700 men and more than 800 horses. 

The location of the booms often mentioned in connection with the 
drives, is as follows: Penobscot boom begins at head of Hemlock 
Island and ends near Pea Cove; Great Northern Paper Co.'s boom, 
at North Twin Dam; Gellerson boom at Hainesville. 

TIME OF DRIVING. 

The different main drives are in general controlled by companies 
incorporated for the purpose and having certain powers from the 
State. The separate drives are usually "bid in" by some responsible 
person who has direct charge of operations. 

Previous to the 1903 drive, the Penobscot Log Driving Co. drove 
from the head of West Branch to Penobscot boom. Beginning with 
the drive of 1903, the West Branch Drive & Reservoir Dam Co., 
affiliated with the Great Northern Paper Co., took control, their 
lower limit being Shad Pond, where the Penobscot Log Driving Co. 
assumed control, driving to the Penobscot boom. By far the larger 
part of the West Branch drive is for the Great Northern Paper Co. 
and consequently does not go below Millinocket. 

The West Branch drive leaves Chesuncook Lake sometime in June, 
arriving in Shad Pond on or about July 5 and at Penobscot boom 
about the 1st of September. 

The East Branch Drive Co. drives the East Branch from Grand 
Lake. Ordinarily West Branch logs are held in Shad Pond until the 
East Branch drive passes into the main river, so that the two drives 
will not become mixed. At Lincoln the East Branch logs are sorted, 
and here the West Branch drive usually overtakes that from the 
East Branch so that both drives go into the Penobscot boom together, 
arriving there about the 1st of September. 



U. 8. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 



WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 279 PLATE XII 




A. LOGS AT TIDEWATER, READY FOR SHIPMENT. 




B. LUMBER AT TIDEWATER, READY FOR SHIPMENT. 

PENOBSCOT RIVER AT BANGOR. 



LOG DKIVING AND LUMBEKING. 213 

The logs are sold in the Penobscot boom, whence they are driven 
to their destination (see PL XII). 

As a rule the drives of the Mattawamkeag, Piscataquis, and Passa- 
dumkeag branches arrive in Penobscot boom sometime in June. 

WATER USED IN DRIVING. 

It is evident that the water is required for driving at just the time 
that it should be stored to meet the needs of power plants, and that 
more or less water is required for the drives during the greater part 
of the summer. 

The following quantities of w^ter are required to drive from Chesun- 
cook Lake to the Penobscot boom: 

From Chesuncook to Ambejejus, about 4,000 second-feet. 

North Twin to Quakish, probably less than 3,000 second-feet. 
There is really no excess used in this distance, however, as day pitch 
of about 3,500 second-feet is used which is held at Quakish Lake and 
used through the wheels at Millinocket, about 2,500 second-feet being 
required here day and night. 

From Quakish Lake to Shad Pond, about 3,500 second-feet. 

It was customary for the Penobscot Log Driving Co. to require 
4,000 second-feet from the time their drive left Shad Pond until it 
arrived below Medway, where the quantity was reduced to about 
3,500 second-feet, water being taken from Millinocket Lake and an 
additional amount being furnished by the East Branch. It is 
probable that at the present time 3,000 second-feet, used in heads, 
together with the water supplied by East Branch and lower tribu- 
taries, will drive this part of the river. 

The amount of water necessary to drive the East Branch is not 
definitely known, but it is probably between 2,000 and 3,000 second- 
feet. At the end of the average year the Chamberlain-Telos and 
Grand-Second Grand lakes storage reservoirs are drawn down to a 
very low stage, many years flowing with all gates up at the end of 
the driving season. 

QUANTITIES OF LOGS DRIVEN AND COST OF DRIVING. 

The following tables show the amount and cost of the principal 
drives for a series of years. Figures are given for the West Branch 
drive from 1898 to 1902, inclusive, covering the entire distance from 
the head of Chesuncook Lake to Penobscot boom. Since 1902 the 
drive above Shad Pond has been handled by a different company, 
and figures for this portion of the drive are not available after that 
date. It will be noticed that with the year 1903 there was an appar- 
ent falling off in the amount driven down West Branch. This is 
explained by the fact that beginning with 1903 the logs of the Great 
Northern Paper Co. have not entered Shad Pond. 



214 



WATEE RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 



The table relating to the West Branch from Shad Pond to Penobscot 
boom gives directly the tax per thousand or the charge per thousand 
made by the driving company against the owners of the logs. The 
tax per thousand is derived for the remaining tributaries from aver- 
ages of the cost over the partial distances for which information is 
available. 



Amount and cost of log driving on Penobscot River and tributaries. 
West Branch of Penobscot River from head of Chesuncook Lake to Penobscot boom. 



Year. 


Amount 

driven 

(thousand 

feet). 


Cost. 


Tax per 
thousand. 


1898. . 


22,406,330 
47,970,890 
48,439,010 
82,451,920 
78,499,380 


$21,431.99 
50,623.39 
48,603.32 
63,387.98 
63,796.44 




1899 




1900. . 




1901 




1902. . 









West Branch of Penobscot River from Shad Pond to Penobscot boom. 



1903 


27,026,000 
37,281,740 
37,207,320 
41,970,715 
18,201,930 
22,625,590 
33,812,930 
41,041,800 


$25,674.70 
23,487.50 
25, 128. 70 
29,379.50 
12,741.40 
13,122.86 
19,379.51 
25,445.91 


$0.95 


1904 


.63 


1905 


.68 


1906 


.70 


1907 


.70 


1908 


.58 


1909 


.58 


1910 


.62 









West Branch of Penobscot River from Shad Pond to Dolby. 




1908 


4,621,860 

30,000,000 

7,849,180 


$462. 19 

3,600.00 

941. 90 


$0.10 


1909 


.12 


1910 


.12 







East Branch of Penobscot River from Grand Lake to Penobscot boom. 



1898 


23,208,290 
37,796,810 
37,010,810 
40,952,230 
40,461,920 
42,444,200 
72,908,580 
44,859,460 
61,299,690 
46,149,700 


$9,496.88 
21,246.45 
18,789.34 
25,570.82 
30, 199. 07 
31,996.36 
61, 161. 11 
45,918.04 
40, 179. 02 
54,244.36 




1899 




1900 




1901 . 




1902 




1903 . 




1904 




1905. . 




1906 




1907 . . 









Mattawamkeag River from Gellerson boom to Penobscot boom. 



1903 


14,095,490 
36,606,720 
15,729,320 
11.056,820 
10,807,570 
13,046,730 
10,230,110 
10,616,970 
11,429,820 


$7,690.55 
23,447.85 
10,403.54 
8, 513. 75 
7, 500. 93 
4,273.77 
3,829.05 
5,722.23 
4,302.00 




1904 . 




1905 




1906.. 




1907 




1908 




1909 




1910 




1911 . . .. 









Passadumkeag River from Nicatous Lake to Penobscot boom. 



1903 . 


17,374,470 
20,534,459 
7,696,755 
14,254,370 
13,186,760 


$10,399.17 
15,643.93 
4,614.23 
6,654.75 
6,056.88 




1904 




1905. . 




1906 . 




1907 . 









LOG DKIVING AND LUMBEKING. 



215 



Amount and cost of log driving on Penobscot River and tributaries— Continued, 
East Branch, tax for partial distances. 

FROM GRAND LAKE DAM TO PENOBSCOT BOOM. 



Year. 


Amount 

driven 

(thousand 

feet). 


Tax per 
thousand. 


Remarks. 


1898. . . 


12,671,930 
10,764,510 
10,237,060 
3,844,911 
9,251,530 
8,505,860 
9,262,850 
3,306,150 
14,830,810 
6,657,930 
22,845,900 
3,265,600 

12,196,930 
30,928,510 
12,707,800 

9,608,520 

24,528,840 

8,000,000 

10, 633, 555 
13,381,420 


$0.50 
.64 
.83 
.71 
.78 
.79 
.81 
.91 
.91 
.79 
.831 
.831 

.921 
.92i 
.921 

1.38 
.90 
.90 

1.24 
1.37§ 




1899 


First drive. 


1900 


Second drive. 
First drive. 


1901. 


Second drive. 
First drive. 


1902.. ... ... 


Second drive. 
First drive. 


1903 


Second drive. 
First drive. 


1904 


Second drive. 
Rafted out in 

spring of 1904. 
First drive. 


1905O 


Second drive. 
Rafted out in 
spring of 1905. 


1906 




1907. .. 


Rafted out in 

spring of 1907. 
Second drive. 




Third drive. 


Average 




.897 











FROM GRAND LAKE DAM TO LINCOLN. 



1905 


10,495,060 
13,076,320 
1,613,560 
3,348,760 


$L18 
.70 
1.06 
L19^ 




1906 




1907 






Third drive. 


Average . . 




L034 











FROM HASKELL ROCK TO PENOBSCOT BOOM. 



1901. 
1905. 



Average. 



1,071,400 
1,631,800 
1,088,960 



$0.54 
.71 
1.21 



,82 



FROM HULLING MACHINE TO PENOBSCOT BOOM. 



1900. 
1901. 
1902. 



Average. 



426,280 
1,073,890 

116, 480 
1,692,250 



$0.44 
.51 
.63 
.73 



578 



FROM SEBOEIS AND WASSATAQUOIK STREAMS TO LINCOLN. 



1905. . . 


6,249,830 
1,514,000 
1,850,250 


$0.78 
.50 
.70 




1906 




1907 








Average . . 




.66 











o Previous to 1905 the logs were driven from the various points up the river to Lincoln for the same price 
that they were driven from the corresponding points to the Penobscot boom. 



216 WATER RESOURCES OE PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Amount and cost of log driving on Penobscot River and tributaries — Continued, 

East Branch, tax for partial distances— Continued. 

FROM SEBOEIS AND WASSATAQUOIK STREAMS TO PENOBSCOT BOOM. 



Year. 


Amount 

driven 

(thousand 

feet). 


Tax per 
thousand. 


Remarks. 


1898 


10, 536, 360 
8,402,150 
6, 082, 140 

19,621,090 

12,845,680 
5,485,480 

16,947,270 

2,035,560 

5,150,810 

300, 000 

11,478,080 
2,968,000 
4,686,350 

14, 180, 530 
3,998,235 


$0.30 

.51 

.61 

.49 

.53i 

.53f 

. 62J 
.62i 
.98 
.70 

.88 




1899 


First drive. 


1900. . 


Second drive. 


1901 


First drive. 


1902 


Second drive. 


1903 




1904 


Second drive. 
Rafted out spring 
1904. 


1905 


Second drive. 


1906 




1907.. 








Average 




.555 











FROM WHETSTONE FALLS TO PENOBSCOT BOOM. 



1902.. 


1,148,490 
6,362,420 
2, 197, 520 


$0.61 

.77 

1.65 


Second drive. 


1905. 


First drive. 


1907 . . 








Average . . 




1.01 











FROM SOLDIER BROOK TO PENOBSCOT BOOM. 



1902. 
1904. 
1905. 



Average . . 



2,536,950 
2,629,180 
3, 104, 810 



$0.56 
.56i 
.74 



.622 



FROM MUD BROOK TO PENOBSCOT BOOM. 



1900 


3,219,390 

2,188,350 

858, 470 


$0. 351 
.43 
.78 




1903. . 




1907 








Average 




.522 











PROM GRINDSTONE TO PENOBSCOT BOOM. 



1899 


813,270 
3,104,080 
3,263,510 
3, 496, 190 


$0. 33i 

.33 

.73 

1.15 




1901 ... 




1905 




1907 . . 












.636 











FROM MEDWAY TO PENOBSCOT BOOM. 



1907. 



4,771,740 



$0.80 



LOG DRIVING AND LUMBERING. 



217 



Amount and cost of log driving on Penobscot River and tributaries — Continued. 
Mattawamkeag River, tax for partial distances. 



Year. 


From— 


To 
Lincoln. 


To 
Montague. 


To 

Penobscot 

boom. 


1903 


Gellerson boom 


$0.58 
.701 
.601 


$0.58 
.701 
.60f 
.68 
.68 
.77 

.75 


$0.58 


1904 


do 


.701 




do 


.601 


1905 


.. do 


.68* 




do . 




.68 


1906 


.do 


.77 
.75 


.77 


1907 


do. 


.75 










.68 


.69 


.69 




Wy topitlock 




1903 


.53 


.53 


.53 


1904 


do 


.651 


1904 


do 






.551 


1905 . . 


do 






.63 














.53 


.53 


.59 




Baskahegan 




1904 






.591 




do 






.691 














.65 




Molunkus 








1903 


.51 


1904 


do 






.631 


1905 


do 






.61 














.59 




Mattakeunk ... 








1904 


.63i 
.61 


1905 


do 


















.62 













Passadumkeag River, tax for partial distances. 





To Penobscot boom from— 


Year. 


Nicatous. 


Pistol. 


Mada- 
gascal. 


Grand 
Falls. 


Saponic. 


1903 


$0. 80* 


$0. 32^ 
.481 
.6O2 

.77 
.77 


$0. 32| 

'.m 

.52 

.62 

.62 

.31J 

.32 

.28 

.25 






1903 . . 






1903 . . . 








1904. .. 


LOO 
1.00 





$0.52 


1904 






1904.. 






1905 


.74^ 
.56 


.45 


i6.'47' 




1906 




1906 






1907 


.83 
.50 


.37 






1907 

















Average 


.78 


.54 


.42 


.47 


.52 






1908 


{ 
{ 


.46 

.66i 

.511 

.61f 

.46^ 

.58 

.75 


.33 


.31 


a. 46 






































1910, mouth of Nicatous Stream 










1910, Nicatous Lake 






















a Foot of Grand Falls. 



218 WATER RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 






The following table, giving the cost of driving per mile-thousand 
and per ton-mile, is compiled from the above data; it is assumed 
that 1,000 feet board measure weigh 3,500 pounds: 

Cost of log driving on Penobscot River and tributaries. 
West Branch of Penobscot River from head of Chesuncook Lake to Penobscot boom, 1898-1902. 



Location of drive. 



Distance 
in miles. 


Average 


tax per 
thousand. 


53 


$0.79 


94 


1.24 


106 


1.29 


120 


1.17 


37 


.63 


78 


1.04 


90 


1.09 


104 


.98 


25 


.53i 


67 


1.06 


78 


1.06 


92 


1.01 


10 


.47 


68 


.82 J 


77 


.68 


54 


.65i 


65 


.65i 


78 


.60 


42 


.56 


66 


.52 


34 


.31i 


46 


.48i 


59 


.40 



Cost of driving. 



Per mile- 
thousand. 



Per ton- 
mile. 



Head of Chesuncook Lake to boom of Great Northern 

Paper Co 

Lincoln 

Montague 

Penobscot boom 

Foot of Chesuncook Lake to boom of Great Northern 

Paper Co 

Lincoln 

Montague 

Penobscot boom 

Sourdnahuiik Stream to North Twin Dam 

Lincoln , . . 

Montague 

Penobscot boom 

Ambejejus Lake to boom of Great Northern Paper Co 

Montague 

Penobscot boom 

Pemadumcook Lake to Lincoln 

Montague 

Penobscot boom 

North Twin dam to Lincoln 

Penobscot boom 

Shad Pond to Lincoln 

Montague 

Penobscot boom 



$0.0149 
.0132 
.0122 



.0170 
.0134 
.0121 
.0094 
.0214 
.0158 
.0136 
.0110 
.0470 
.0131 
.0088 
.0121 
.0101 
.0077 
.0133 
.0079 
.0093 
.0105 



$0. 0085 
.0075 
.0070 
.0056 

.0097 
.0077 
.0069 
.0054 
.0122 
.0090 
.0078 
.0063 
.0268 
.0075 
.0050 
.0069 
.0058 
.0044 
.0076 
.0045 
.0053 
.0060 
.0039 



West Branch of Penobscot River from Shad Pond to Penobscot boom, 1903-1907. 



Shad Pond to Lincoln 

Penobscot boom. 




$0. 0226 
.0131 



$0. 0129 
.0075 



Head of Chesuncook Lake to Shad Pond, 1903-1912.a 



Head of Chesuncook Lake to Shad Pond. . . 

Foot of Chesuncook Lake to Shad Pond 

Sourdnahunk Stream to Shad Pond 

Head of Ambejejus Lake to Shad Pond 

Foot of Pemadvuncook Lake to Shad Pond. 
North Twin dam to Shad Pond 



60 


$0.70 


44 


.53 


32 


.50 


19 


.30 


12 


.m 


7 


.11 



$0. 0117 
.0120 
.0156 
.0158 
.0135 
.0157 



$0. 00678 



.0077 



East Branch of Penobscot River from Grand Lake Dam to Penobscot boom. 



J-1907. 



Grand Lake dam to Penobscot boom 

Lincoln 

Haskell Rock to Penobscot boom 

Hulling Machine to Penobscot boom . 

Seboeis River to Lincoln 

Penobscot boom 

Whetstone Falls to Penobscot boom.. 

Soldier Brook to Penobscot boom 

Mud Brook to Penobscot boom 

Grindstone Falls to Penobscot boom. 
Medway to Penobscot boom 



89 


$0.90 


63 


1.03 


84 


.82 


82 


.58 


47 


.66 


72 


.56 


67 


1.01 


62 


.62 


61 


.52 


59 


.64 


51 


.80 



$0. 0101 
.0164 
.0098 
.0071 
.0140 
.0078 
.0151 
.0100 
.0085 
.0108 
.0157 



$0. 0058 
.0094 
.0056 
.0041 
.0080 
.0045 
.0086 
.0057 
.0049 
.0062 
.0090 



a Tax fixed by act of State legislature. 



LOG DKIVING AKD LUMBERING. 



219 



Cost of log driving on Penobscot River and tributaries — Continued. 
Mattawamkeag River from Gellerson boom to Penobscot boom, 1903-1907. 



Location of drive. 



Gellerson boom to Lincoln 

Montague 

Penobscot boom 

Baskahegan Stream to Penobscot boom. 

Wytopitlock Stream to Lincoln 

Montague 

Penobscot boom. 
Molunkus Stream to Penobscot boom — 
Mattakeunk Stream to Penobscot boom. 



Distance 
in mUes. 



Average 

tax per 

thousand. 



Cost of driving. 



Per mUe- 
thousand. 



Per ton- 
mUe. 



$0.0131 
.0110 
.0090 
.0097 
.0156 
.0115 
.0100 
.0120 
.0144 



$0. 0075 
.0063 
.0051 
.0051 
.0089 
.0066 
.0057 
.0069 
.0082 



Passadumkeag River from Nicatous Lake to Penobscot boom, 1903-1907. 



Saponic Lake to Penobscot boom 

Madagascal Stream to Penobscot boom. 

Grand Falls to Penobscot boom 

Pistol Lake to Penobscot boom 

Nicatous Lake to Penobscot boom 



20 


$0.52 


$0.0260 


24 


.42 


.0175 


26 


.47 


.0177 


30 


.54 


.0180 


34 


.78 


.0229 



$0.0149 
.0100 
.0101 
.0103 
.0131 



It will be observed from the above table that the value for the 
average tax per mile varies greatly with the difference in length of 
distance driven and the difficulties encountered, but apparently the 
average cost of driving per ton-mile is 0.85 cent; the highest is 2.68 
cents and the lowest 0.4 cent. 

IMPROVEMENTS IN LOG-DRIVING FACILITIES. 

Many things may be done to improve the facilities for driving logs 
and thereby effect economy in cost of driving and in the amount of 
water required to float the logs. Dams may be built for the storage 
of water to be used during the driving season, or for the purpose of 
creating backwater, thus making smooth an otherwise rough stretch 
of the river. The whole pond storage may be let out at one time, so 
as to furnish a '^ flush" which will float the logs over the shallow and 
rough places. Rocks and ledges may be blasted out of the channel. 
Abutments and wings may be built at some of the abrupt turns in 
the river. Piers and booms may be constructed. A considerable 
outlay is needed to maintain the booms and existing dams in proper 
repair.' Although much money has been spent on improvements, 
there is a pressing need for additional expenditure, for with the 
increased storage for power development should come also improved 
facilities for log driving, so that the water shall not be wasted when 
the logs are driven. 

It will be noted that wherever a dam has been built for power devel- 
opment the conditions have, in general, been improved for log driving. 
Notable among these improvements are the dams at East Millinocket 



220 



WATER RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 



i 



and Dolby, on the main river a short distance above the mouth of 
East Branch, which have flooded a considerable stretch of rough 
water and thereby greatly improved conditions for log driving. The 
following table indicates some of the expenses occasioned by improve- 
ments during recent years : 

Expenses for improvements on West Branch of Penobscot River from Chesuncooh Lake to 
Medwayfor the years 1898-1902.^ 



Year. 


Repairs on 
main dams. 


Repairs on 
steamers. 


Repairs on 

dams and 

piors. 


Blasting 
on river. 


1893 


$1,525.54 
678. 11 
1,235.78 
1,224.30 
2,263.74 
3,779.95 

10,527.78 
6,744.62 
5,975.16 
4,862.11 


$13,322.48 


$158.44 




1894 




1895 


350. 17 
367. 89 






1896 






1897 






1898 




141. 37 




1899 


728. 55 


$25. 00 


1900 


1,049.82 




1901 




1902 


9,928.20 


1,282.35 










38,817.09 


24,747.29 


2,631.98 


25.00 




3,881.71 


2,474.73 


263. 20 


2.50 







a These expenses include in some years the building and care of dams. 

Expenses for improvements on the main river from Medway to the Penobscot boom by the 
Penobscot River Dam & Improvement Co., 1898-1907} 



1898 $1,721.00 

1899 2,535.00 

1900 2,946.00 

1901 2,450.00 

1902 3,000.00 

1903 1,900.00 

1904 1,800.00 



1905 $2, 373. 00 

1906 1,700.00 

1907 2,900.00 



23, 325. 00 



Average yearly expense . . 2, 332. 50 



Expenses for improvements on East Branch of Penobscot River from Grand Lake dam to 

Medway, 1898-1906} 



1898 1774.00 

1899 1,939.25 

1900 875.00 

1901 610.00 

1902 375.00 



1903 $786.00 

1904 1,758.00 

1905 1,962.12 

1906 500.00 



1 These expenses include blasting out rocks and ledge in the river, repairs to dams, hanging and taking 
care of the booms, and manning them, and executive expense. 

2 Some of the amounts here shown include the building of several piers, but for the most part they 
are for blasting out ledges and rocks in the river. 



GAZETTEER OF RIVERS, LAKES, AND PONDS IN THE 
PENOBSCOT RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN. 



By Gertrude E. Schulz. 



The streams, lakes, and ponds described in the following pages 
comprise all that are named on the BluehiU, Orono, Orland, Bucksport, 
Bangor, and Penobscot Bay sheets of the United States topographic 
atlas and on an 8-sheet manuscript map of Maine (scale 1 inch = 3 
miles) compiled by C. C. Babb from the best data available. 

Abaconetie Bog, Somerset County, T. 6, R. 17; the Northeast Branch of Penobscot 
River enters the bog from the northwest and passes from its southern end to join the 
North Branch of Penobscot River (tributary to West Branch of Penobscot River); a 
small unnamed stream flows into the bog from the east; length (approximate), about 
one-fourth mile; width, maximum, about one-third mile; area of water surface, 0.08 
square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Abol Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 2, R. 9; inlets, two unnamed streams from the 
north; outlet, a short stream from the west, entering West Branch of Penobscot River; 
length (approximate), IJ miles; maximum width, two-thirds mile; area of water 
surface, 0.19 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Adams Farm Pond, Penobscot County, northwestern Howland Township; outlet, 
through an unnamed stream, about 3 miles long, to Piscataquis River (tributary to 
Penobscot River); length (approximate), 1| miles; maximum width, three-fourths 
mile; area of water surface, 0.85 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheets 6 
and 7, Maine State map. 

Alamoosook Lake, Hancock County, west-central Orland Township; inlets, 
Meadow Brook, Gulch Brook, streams from Toddy and Craig ponds. Dead River, and 
one small unnamed stream; outlet, Orland River (to Penobscot River); elevation, 20 
feet; length (approximate), 2 miles; maximum width, 1 mile; area of water surface, 
1.51 square miles; Orland sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Alder Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in Harriman Pond in western Sebec Town- 
ship; flows generally southeastward to Piscataquis River (tributary to Penobscot 
River); has no tributaries; length (approximate), 7 miles; drainage area not meas- 
ured. Sheets 3 and 7, Maine State map. 

Alder Brook, Somerset County; rises in Fish Pond in south-central T. 3, R. 3; 
flows northeastward to its junction with South Branch of Penobscot River (tributary 
to West Branch of Penobscot River); receives the flow of two small unnamed ponds; 
length, about 6 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Alder Brook, Washington County; rises in an unnamed pond in central T. 8, R. 3; 
flows northwestward for about 1 mile, then turns and flows generally southward for 
about 9 miles, turning again and flowing east and northeastward into Baskahegan 
Lake (tributary through Baskahegan Stream to Mattawamkeag River, which flows 
into Penobscot River); receives the flow of about 15 short unnamed streams; length 
(approximate), 21 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

221 



222 WATER RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Alder Stream, Piscataquis County; rises in Western Dover Township; flows 
generally eastward and northeastward to Piscataquis River (tributary to Penobscot 
River); receives the flow of about 10 short unnamed streams; length (approximate), 
16 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheets 3 and 7, Maine State map, 

Allagash Lake, Piscataquis County, Tps. 7, R. 14, and 8 R. 14; inlets, one short 
unnamed stream from the southeast and Allagash stream which flows through the 
lake, forming its outlet into Chamberlain I.ake (tributary through Round Pond and 
Telos Lake to Webster Brook, which flows through Grand Lakes to East Branch of Penob- 
scot River); length (approximate), 4 miles; maximum width, 2f miles; approximate 
area of water surface (wells), 7 square miles; present storage, 8 feet; drainage area 
at outlet, 102 square miles. See pages 177 of this report. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State 
map. 

Allagash Stream, Somerset County; rises in an unnamed pond in extreme north- 
eastern part of T. 8, R. 16; flows generally southeastward through Allagash Lake into 
Chamberlain Lake (tributary through Round Pond and Telos Lake to Webster Brook, 
which flows through Grand Lakes, to East Branch of Penobscot River); receives the 
overflow of Crescent, Mud, Narrow, and Mile ponds, and about eight unnamed streams, 
ranging in length from 2 to 5 miles; length (approximate), 18 miles; drainage area 
at its entrance into Chamberlain Lake, 124 square miles. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State 
map. 

Ambejejus Lake, Piscataquis County, T. 1, R. 9; inlets, overflow of Millinocket 
Lake at highwater stage and West Branch of Penobscot River, which flows through it 
into Pemadumcook Lake; length, approximate, 4 miles; maximum width, about 1| 
miles; approximate area of water surface (wells), including North and South Twin 
Lakes and Pemadumcook Lake, 24.9 square miles; present storage, 25 feet; drainage 
area, including all of West Branch of the Penobscot up to head of Ambejejus Lake, 
1,600 square miles. See page 167 of this report. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State map. 

Avery Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 7, R. 15; inlets, two small unnamed streams 
from the north and south, each about 4 miles long and receiving the flow of a number 
of smaller streams; outlet, a short stream from the southeast to Caucogomuc Lake 
(tributary to Chesuncook Lake on West Branch of Penobscot River); length (approxi- 
mate), one-half mile; maximum width, about one-fourth mile; area of water 
surface, 0.06 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

B. Pond, Piscataquis County, T. B, R. 11; inlets, an unnamed stream from the 
south, about 3 miles long, and Gurnsey Brook from the west, which flows through the 
pond, forming its outlet to East Branch of Pleasant River, whose junction with the 
West Branch in T. 5, R. 8, forms Pleasant River (tributary to Piscataquis River, 
which flows to Penobscot River); length (approximate), 2 miles; maximum width, 
three-fourths mile; approximate area of water surface, 0.97 square mile; drainage 
area not measured. Sheets 2, 3, 6, and 7, Maine State map. 

Babcock Brook, Aroostook County, rises in T. 3, R. 4; flows generally southeast- 
ward to West Branch of Mattawamkeag River (tributary to Mattawamkeag, which joins 
Penobscot River in Mattawamkeag Township, Washington County); receives the flow 
of two short unnamed streams; length (approximate), 8 miles; drainage area not 
measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Bailey Brook, Piscataquis County, rises in extreme northeastern part of T. 6, R. 11; 
flows generally eastward through Grand Lake to East Branch of Penobscot River; length 
(approximate), 7 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State 
map. 

Baker Brook, Penobscot County; rises in central Bradley Township, at an eleva- 
tion of about 200 feet; flows slightly northwestward to Sunkhaze Stream, thence to 
Penobscot River; receives the flow of two short unnamed streams in the extreme 
upper part of its course; length (approximate), 6^ miles; total fall, 80 feet; drainage 
area not measured. Orono sheet, U. S. G. S. 



GAZETTEER OF RIVEES, LAKES, AND PONDS. 223 

Baker Brook, Penobscot County; rises in southeastern Corinth Township, at an 
elevation of 180 feet; flows generally southeastward and southward to its junction with 
Kenduskeag River (tributary to Penobscot River), in Kenduskeag Township, receives 
the flow of two short unnamed streams from the east; length (approximate), 6| 
miles; total fall, 60 feet; drainage area not measured. Bangor sheet, U. S. G. S. 

Bald Brook, Somerset County; rises in central Sandy Bay Township; flows gener- 
ally westward to its junction with South Branch of the Penobscot (tributary to West 
Branch of Penobscot River) in Hammond Township; receives the overflow of Duncan 
Pond from the north and Jones Pond from the south, besides about six unnamed 
small streams; length, about 14 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine 
State map. 

Bald Mountain Pond, Somerset County, eastern Bald Mountain Township; inlet, 
an unnamed stream from the west; outlet, through Marble Pond and Marble Brook 
to Piscataquis River (tributary to Penobscot River); length (approximate), almost 

2 miles; maximum width, three-fourths mile; approximate area of water surface, 
1.81 square miles; present storage, 4 feet; additional available storage, 7 feet; drainage 
area not measured. Sheets 3 and 7, Maine State map. 

Bank Brook, Penobscot County; rises on the line between Tps. 2 and 3, R. 7; flows 
in a circuitous course, but in general westerly to the East Branch of Penobscot River; 
length (approximate), 2^ miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State 
map. 

Baskahegan Lake, Washington County, Brookton and Topsfield townships, 
inlets, overflow from Jackson Brook Lake and Pickerel Lake, Alder, Jenkins, and 
Dead brooks, besides the flow of several small unnamed streams; outlet, Baskahegan 
Stream to Mattawamkeag River (tributary to Penobscot River); length (approxi- 
mate), 5 miles; maximum width, nearly 4 miles; approximate area of water surface; 
16.40 square miles; present storage, 7 feet; additional available storage, 10 to 12 feet; 
drainage area not measured. See page 178 of this report. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Baskahegan Stream, Washington County; rises in Baskahegan Lake, in Brook- 
ton Township, flows generally northward to Aroostook County, thence turns and flows 
northwestward to Mattawamkeag River (tributary to Penobscot River); receives the 
overflow of Hot Brook Lake, besides that of innumerable small unnamed streams; 
length (approximate), 18 miles; drainage area at outlet Baskahegan Lake, 151 square 
miles. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Battle Brook; see Big Battle Brook. 

Bean Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in T. 2, R. 11; flows slightly southwest- 
ward for about 3 miles, when it turns southeastward to its entrance into Nahmakanta 
Lake (tributary through Pemadumcook Lake and Twin Lakes to West Branch of Penob- 
scot River); receives the flow of Bear Brook from the west; length (approximate), 6 
miles; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State map. 

Bear Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in an unnamed pond in T. 1, R. 12; flows 
almost due north to its junction with Ragged Stream, which flows through Caribou 
Lake to Chesuncook Lake (on West Branch of Penobscot River); has no tributaries; 
length (approximate), 3 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State 
map. 

Bear Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in T. 2, R. 12; flows southward for about 

3 miles, thence westward to Bean Brook, which flows to Nahmakanta Lake (tributary 
to Pemadumcook Lake and Twin Lakes on West Branch of Penobscot River); receives 
the flow of an unnamed stream about 2 miles long and the overflow of a small pond 
from the west; length, about 4| miles; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 and 
6, Maine State map. 

Bear Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 7, R. 8 N. W. P.; inlet, short stream from east; 
outlet by short stream into Sebec Lake, thence through Sebec River to Piscataquis 



224 WATER RESOUKCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

River (tributary to Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.04 square mile; 
drainage area not measured. 

Beaver Bog, Somerset County, T. 5, R. 20 W. E. L. S.; inlet, Roberts Brook from 
the west; outlet, by Roberts Brook to North Branch of Penobscot River (tributary 
to West Branch of Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.03 square mile; drainage 
area not measured. 

Beaver Brook, Aroostook County; rises in a small unnamed pond in southwestern 
Linneus Township; flows in a rather circuitous course southward and southeastward 
to join the East Branch of Mattawamkeag River (tributary to Mattawamkeag River, 
which discharges into Penobscot River); receives the overflow of Tenmile Lake; 
length (approximate), 12 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State 
map. 

Beaver Brook Lake, Aroostook County, Linneus; inlets, small stream from north, 
one from east, and one from west; outlet, by Beaver Brook to Mattawamkeag River 
(tributary to Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.08 square mile; drainage 
area not measured. 

Beaver Pond, Penobscot County, T. 7, Rs. 6 and 7 W. E. L. S.; outlet by short 
stream to Grand Lake, thence through Snowshoe Lake and Whitehorse Lake to 
Seboeis Stream (tributary to East Branch of Penobscot River) ; area of water surface, 
0.22 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Beaver Pond, Penobscot County, Springfield; outlet by short stream through 
Mattagoudas Stream to Mattawamkeag River (tributary to Penobscot River); area 
of water surface, 0.06 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Beaver Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 3, R. 11 W. E. L. S. ; inlet, one short unnamed 
stream from the northeast; outlet, through small stream into Sourdnahunk Stream 
(tributary to West Branch of Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.02 square mile; 
drainage area not measured. 

Beaver Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 3, R. 13 W. E. L. S.; outlet through small 
stream to Pine Stream (tributary to West Branch of Penobscot River); area of water 
surface, 0.06 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Ben Annis Pond, Penobscot County; about three-sixteenths' mile south of Hermon 
Pond in southwestern Hermon Township; inlet, overflow of Patten Pond; outlet, to 
Hermon Pond (tributary through Souadabscook Stream to Penobscot River); eleva- 
tion, 122 feet; area of water surface, 0.08 square mile; drainage area not measured. 
Bangor and Bucksport sheets, U. S. G. S. 

Bennett Pond, Piscataquis County, Parkman; outlet by short stream into Pis- 
cataquis River (tributary to Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.04 square 
mile; drainage area not measured. 

Benson Pond, Piscataquis County, Willimantic; outlet by short stream into 
Onawa Stream, thence through Sebec Lake and Sebec Stream into Piscataquis River 
(tributary to Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.24 square mile; drainage 
area not measured. 

Benson Ponds (3 connected), Piscataquis County, T. 7, R. 9; outlet, through 
Houston Pond and Houston Brook to West Branch of Pleasant River (tributary to Pleas- 
ant River, which flows to a branch of Penobscot River); the largest of the ponds is 
about one-eighth mile long and less than one-eighth mile wide; area of water sur- 
face, 0.65 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2, 3, 6, and 7, Maine 
State map. 

Big Battle Brook, Aroostook County; rises in northern Glen wood Township; flows 
southeastward to Mattawamkeag River (tributary to Penobscot River); receives the 
flow of 2 short unnamed streams; length (approximate), 9 miles; drainage area not 
measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Big Lane Brook, Somerset County; rises in T. 4, R. 18; flows southward to its 
junction with North Branch of Penobscot River (tributary to West Branch of Penobscot 



GAZETTEEK OF RIVERS, LAKES, AND PONDS. 225 

River); receives the flow of about 5 small unnamed streams; length, about 4^ miles; 
drainage area not measured. See also Lane Brook. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Big Lyford Pond, Piscataquis County, T. A, R. 12; outlet, through West Branch of 
Pleasant River to Pleasant River (tributary to Piscataquis River, which in turn flows 
into Penobscot River); length (approximate), three-fourths mile; maximum width, 
one-half mile; area of water surface, 0.17 square mile; drainage area not measured. 
Sheets 2, 3, 6, and 7, Maine State map. 

Big Lyford Pond, Piscataquis County, Tps. 7 and 8, R. 10 N. W. P.; outlet by 
small stream to West Branch of Pleasant River, thence through Pleasant River to 
Piscataquis River (tributary to Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.04 square 
mile; drainage area not measured. 

Big Marsh Brook, Penobscot County; rises in T. 2, R. 8; flows in a general south- 
westerly direction to Mattamiscontis Stream (tributary to Penobscot River) ; receives 
the flow of a short unnamed stream from the east; length (approximate), 7 miles; 
drainage area not measured. Sheets 6 and 7, Maine State map. 

Big Mud Brook, Penobscot County; rises in T. 3, R. 8; flows southward to Mil- 
linocket Lake, which discharges through Shad Pond to West Branch of Penobscot 
River; receives the flow of two small streams from the west; length (approximate), 
6 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 
I Big Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 4, R. 9; outlet, through Turner Brook to Was- 
sataquoik Stream (tributary to East Branch of Penobscot River); length (approximate), 
seven-eighths mile; maximum width, about one-half mile; approximate area of water 
surface, 0.19 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Big Smith Brook Pond, Penobscot County, Millinocket; inlet, small stream from 
the northeast; outlet, by Smith Brook into Millinocket Stream (tributary to West 
Branch of Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.24 square mile; drainage area 
not measured. 

Billfish Pond, on the Piscataquis-Penobscot County line, between T. 6, R. 8, and 
T. 6, R. 9; inlet, a small unnamed stream from the northeast; outlet, to East Branch of 
Penobscot River; length (approximate), one-half mile; maximum width, about one- 
third mile; area of water surface, 0.09 square mile; drainage area not measured. 
Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Birch Stream, Hancock County; rises in northwestern part of T. 32 M. D.; flows 
northwestward to Sunkhaze Stream (tributary to Penobscot River); length (approxi- 
mate), 7^ miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 7, Maine State map, and Orono 
sheet U.S.G.S. 

Birch Stream, Penobscot County; rises in west-central Lagrange Township; flows 
generally southeastward to Penobscot River in northeastern Oldtown Township; 
receives the flow of a short unnamed stream in the extreme upper part of its course, 
besides the overflow of two unnamed ponds from the west; length (approximate), 15 
miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 7, Maine State map. 

Black Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 1, R. 12; inlet, a small stream from the south; 
outlet. Black Stream to Ragged Stream (tributary to Caribou Lake, which discharges 
to Chesuncook Lake on West Branch of Penobscot River); length (approximate), one- 
half mile; maximum width, one-third mile; area of water surface, 0.46 square mile; 
drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Black Pond, Piscataquis County, on line between T. 6, R. 14, and T. 6, R. 13; 
inlet, one short unnamed stream and Caucomgomuc Stream, which flows through the 
pond to Chesuncook Lake on West Branch of Penobscot River; length (approximate), 
1^ miles; maximum width, about three-fourths mile; area of water surface, 0.60 
square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Black Stream, Penobscot County; rises in northwestern Levant Township; flows 
slightly southeastward for about 5 miles to boundary between Carmel and Hermon 

15042°— wsp 279—12 15 



226 WATEE KESOUKCES OE PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

townships, thence northeastward to its junction with Kenduskeag River (tributary to 
Penobscot River); receives the flow of perhaps six short unnamed streams; length 
(approximate), 15 miles; drainage area, 40 square miles. See page 96 of this report. 
Sheets 3 and 7, Maine State map. 

Black Stream, Penobscot County; rises in northern Garland Township; flows gen- 
erally northwestward to Piscataquis River (tributary to Penobscot River); receives 
the flow of two short unnamed streams, besides the overflow of Man Pond; length 
(approximate), 12 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheets 3 and 7, Maine State 
map. 

Black Stream, Piscataquis County, T. 2, R. 12; rises in Black Pond, T. 1, R. 12; 
flows northwestward to its junction with Ragged Stream (tributary to Caribou Lake, 
which discharges to Chesuncook Lake on West Branch of Penobscot River) ; receives 
the flow of two unnamed streams and the overflow from Mud and Black ponds; length 
(approximate), about 4 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Blackberry Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 2, R. 13; outlet, through a small 
unnamed lake to Ragged Stream (tributary to Caribou Lake, which discharges to 
Chesuncook Lake on West Branch of Penobscot River); length (approximate), one- 
half mile; maximum width, one-sixteenth mile; area of water surface, 0.22 square 
mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Blackmail Brook, Penobscot County; rises in central Eddington Township, at an 
elevation of about 200 feet; flows generally northwestward to Penobscot River in 
extreme northern Eddington Township; length (approximate), 5 miles; total fall, 120 
feet; drainage area not measured, Orono sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Blackmail Brook, Penobscot County; rises in central T. 3, R. 1; flows generally 
northwestward through an unnamed pond to Coffee Brook (tributary to Madagascal 
Pond, which discharges to Madagascal Stream into the Passadumkeag, a tributary of 
the Penobscot River); has no tributaries; length (approximate), 4 miles; drainage 
area not measured. Sheet 7, Maine State map. 

. Blackman Stream, Penobscot County; rises in Chemo Pond in southern Bradley 
Township, at an elevation of 126 feet above sea level; flows northwestward to Penob- 
scot River in western Bradley Township; length (approximate), 6 miles; total fall, 
80 feet, mostly in the lower part of its course; drainage area not measured. Orono 
sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Blunder Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 6, R. 10 W. E. L. S.; outlet by Wadleigh 
Brook to Trout Stream, thence to Grand Lake, East Branch of Penobscot River; area 
of water surface, 0.09 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Bog Brook, Washington County; rises in T. 8, R. 4; flows northward and north- 
westward to Mattawamkeag River (tributary to Penobscot River); receives the flow 
of one short unnamed stream from the south; length (approximate), 4 J miles; drain- 
age area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Bog Brook, Penobscot County; rises in northwestern Kingsbury Township; flows 
eastward to Thorn Brook, thence to South Branch of Piscataquis River, which joins 
the Piscataquis (tributary to Penobscot River) in southern Abbot Township; length 
(approximate), 3 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheets 3 and 7, Maine State 
map. 

Bog Stream, Piscataquis County; rises in southern Little Squaw Township; flows 
generally southward to Marble Brook (tributary Piscataquis River, which flows to the 
Penobscot); receives the flow of four short unnamed streams, besides the overflow of 
an unnamed pond on the west about 1^ miles long and one-half mile wide; length 
(approximate), 9 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2, 3, and 7, Maine State 
map. 

Bog Stream, Somerset County; rises in northwestern part of Soldiertown; flows 
northeastward to its junction with South Branch of Penobscot River (tributary to 
West Branch of the Penobscot) in Pittston Township; receives from the west one 



LAKES, AND PONDS. 227 

unnamed stream about three-fourths mile long; length, about 3 miles; drainage area 
not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Boody Brook, Penobscot County; rises in T. 8, R. 8; flows northeastward through 
Seboeis Lake and Grand Lakes to East Branch of Penobscot River; length (approxi- 
mate), 3 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Boody Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in T. 6, R. 10; flows generally northeast- 
ward through Second Grand Lake to East Branch of Penobscot River; length (approxi- 
mate), about 4 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Bottle Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 2, R. 9; outlet, a short stream about one-half 
mile long flowing to Millinocket Lake (tributary to West Branch of Penobscot River) ; 
length (approximate), two-thirds mile; maximum width, one-half mile; area of water 
surface, 0.04 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Bowlin Pond, Penobscot County, T. 5, R. 8; inlets, 4 small unnamed streams, 
ranging in length from 1| to 4| miles; outlet, through East Branch of Penobscot River 
to Penobscot River; length (approximate), 1 mile; maximum width, about one-half 
mile; approximate area of water surface, 0.52 square mile; present storage, 4 feet; 
drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Boyd Lake, Piscataquis County, central Ornville Township; outlet, through Dead 
Stream to Pushaw Stream (tributary to Stillwater River — the west channel of Penob- 
scot River at Orson and Marsh islands); length (approximate), 2 miles; maximum 
width, about three-fourths mile; approximate area of water surface, 0.14 square 
mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 7, Maine State map. 

Boynton Brook, Penobscot County; rises in west-central Bradley Township, at an 
elevation of about 110 feet above sea level; flows slightly northwestward to Great 
Works Stream (tributary Penobscot River); length (approximate), 2| miles; total fall, 
about 35 feet; drainage area not measured. Orono sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Brandy Stream, Piscataquis County; rises in T. 5, R. 14; flows westward to its 
junction with Caucomgomuc Stream, which empties into Chesuncook Lake on West 
Branch of Penobscot River; no tributaries; length (approximate), 3 miles; drainage 
area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Brayley Brook, Aroostook County; rises in Brayley Lake in T. 3, R. 4; flows 
slightly southeastward to Wytopitlock Stream (tributary to Mattawamkeag River, 
which flows into Penobscot River); receives the flow of two short unnamed streams; 
length, about 7 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Brayley Lake, Aroostook County, T. 3, R. 4; inlets, 3 short unnamed streams; 
outlet, Brayley Brook to Wytopitlock Stream (tributary to Mattawamkeag River, 
which flows into Penobscot River); length (approximate), 1 mile; maximum width, 
less than one-half mile; approximate area of water surface, 0.38 square mile; drainage 
area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Brewer Pond, Penobscot County, Orrington and Holden townships, and Hancock 
County, Bucksport Township; elevation, 107 feet; inlets, three short unnamed streams 
and the overflow of Mud Pond to the south; outlet, through Fields Pond to Sedgeunke- 
dunk Stream (tributary to Penobscot River); length (approximate), 2| miles; maxi- 
mum width, two-thirds mile; area of water surface, 1.38 square miles; drainage area 
not measured. Orland, Bucksport, and Bangor sheets, U.S.G.S. 

Brown Brook, Penobscot County; rises in T. 3, R. 1; flows generally southeast- 
ward to join the Passadum.keag (tributary to Penobscot River); receives the flow of 
one short unnamed stream about 1 mile from its source; length (approximate), 3 miles; 
drainage area not measured. Sheet 7, Maine State map. 

Brown Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 8, R. 10 N. W. P.; inlets, two small streams 
from north; outlet through Hedgehog Pond, Trout Pond, and Long Pond into Onawa 
Stream, thence through Sebec Lake and Sebec River to Piscataquis River (tributary 
to Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.06 square mile; drainage area not 
measured. 



228 WATER KESOUECES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Browns Pond, Hancock County, west-central Bucksport Township; elevation, 226 
feet; inlets, two short unnamed streams from the northwest, and the overflow of Trout 
Pond; outlet, through Mud, Brewer, and Fields ponds to Sedgeunkedunk River (trib- 
utary to Penobscot River); length (approximate), 1 mile; maximum width, one-fourth 
mile; between point of outlet and entrance to Mud Pond, a distance of about 1 mile, 
there is a fall of about 50 feet; area of water surface, 0.20 square mile; drainage area 
not measured. Orland, Bucksport, and Bangor sheets, U.S.G.S. 

Burden Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 7, R. 8 N. W. P.; inlets, three streams 
from north; outlet, by Crooked Pond, Long Pond, and Sebec Lake to Sebec River 
(tributary to Piscataquis River which flows into Penobscot River); area of water 
surface, 0.32 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Bumham Pond, Piscataquis County, Sebec; inlet, short stream from west; outlet, 
"by short stream into Piscataquis River (tributary to Penobscot River) ; area of water 
surface, 0.04 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Burnt Pond, Penobscot County, T. 2, R. 6; inlets, a number of small unnamed 
streams; outlet, through Salmon Stream Ponds to Salmon Stream (tributary to Penob- 
scot River); length (approximate), 1 mile; maximum width, one-half mile ; area of 
water surface, 0.36 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State 
map. 

Burnt Land Pond, Penobscot County, T. 2, R. 7; inlet, Soldier Brook, which flows 
through the pond to East Branch of Penobscot River; length (approximate), 1 mile; 
maximum width, less than one-half mile; area of water surface, 0.14 square mile; 
drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Cambolasse Pond, Penobscot County, Lincoln; inlet, stream from Long Pond 
from east; outlet, by Cambolasse Stream into Penobscot River; area of water surface, 
0.39 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Caribou Lake, Aroostook County, on boundary between T. 3, R. 4, and Island Falls 
townships; inlet, the overflow of Otter Pond; outlet, through Sly Brook to West 
Branch Mattawamkeag (tributary to Mattawamkeag River, which flows into Penobscot 
River); length (approximate), 1 mile; maximum width, one-half mile; approximate 
area of water surface, 1.76 square miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine 
State map. 

Caribou Lake, Piscataquis County, T. 3, Rs. 12 and 13, and T. 2, R, 12; inlets, 
Ragged Stream and overflow of Deer, Bear, Fisher, and Green ponds; outlet to Che- 
Buncook Lake, on West Branch Penobscot River; length (approximate), 6^ miles; 
maximum width, about 1 mile; area of water surface, 5.86 square miles; drainage area 
not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Caribou Pond, Penobscot County, northeastern Lincoln Township; inlet, the over- 
flow of a small unnamed pond about one-half mile to the northwest; outlet, through 
Long Pond and a number of small unnamed ponds to Penobscot River; length (approx- 
imate), li miles; maximum width, one-half mile; approximate area of water surface, 
0.85 square mile; controlled by a dam; area of water surface, 0.39 square mile; drain- 
age area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Carlton Brook, Penobscot County; rises in T. 1, R. 5; flows generally southward 
through Mattaseunk Lake to Mattaseunk Stream (tributary to Penobscot River); 
receives the flow of about 6 short unnamed streams; length (approximate), 4 miles; 
drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Carleton Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in southern Kingsbury Township; flows 
southeastward, then northeastward to South Branch of Piscataquis River, which joins 
the Piscataquis (tributary to Penobscot River) in southern Abbot Township; receives 
the flow of a short unnamed stream from the west; length (approximate), 7 miles^ 
drainage area not measured. Sheets 3 and 7, Maine State map. 

Caucomgomuc Lake, Piscataquis County, T. 7, Rs. 14 and 15, T. 6, Rs. 14 and 15; 
inlets, Ciss and Loon streams and overflow from Avery and Rose ponds; outlet, Cau- 



KES, AND PONDS. 229 

comgomuc Stream to Chesuncook Lake, on West Branch of Penobscot River; length 
(approximate), 6 miles; maximum width, 1|^ miles; approximate area of water surface, 
7 square miles; present storage, 8 feet; additional storage available, 8 feet; drainage 
area, 114 square miles. See pages 171-172 of this report. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Caucomgomuc Stream, Piscataquis County, rises in Caucomgomuc Lake, in T. 6, 
R. 14; flows southeastward through Black Pond into Chesuncook Lake, on West Branch 
Penobscot River; tributaries, Little Scot Branch and Brandy Stream from the west 
and an unnamed stream about 1^ miles long from the east; length, about 10 miles. 
Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Cedar Pond, Penobscot County, on boundary line between Tps. Long. A and 3, 
R. 9; outlet. East Branch Seboeis Stream to Seboeis Stream (tributary to Piscataquis 
River, which flows into Penobscot River); length (approximate), 1| miles; maximum 
width, three-fourths mile; approximate area of water surface, 1.10 square miles; drain- 
age area not measured. Sheets 6 and 7, Maine State map. 

Chain Pond, Somerset County, Ts. 3 and 4, R. 4 N. B. K. P.; inlet, short stream 
from the west; outlet, by Penobscot Brook into South Branch of Penobscot River 
(tributary to West Branch of Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.35 square mile; 
drainage area not measured. 

Chamberlain Lake, Penobscot County, T. 6, Rs. 11 and 12, T. 7, Rs. 11, 12, and 
13, and T. 8, R. 13; inlets, overflow from Mud, Lost, Little, and Leadbetter ponds, 
Ellis Stream from the west, and AUagash Stream from the northwest; outlet, through 
Round Pond and Telos Lake to Webster Brook, which discharges through Grand 
Lake to East Branch of Penobscot River; approximate length, 13 miles; maximum 
width, 2 miles; approximate area of water surface, 17.48 square miles; present stor- 
age, 10 feet; additional available storage, 15 to 20 feet; drainage area not measured. 
See page 176 of this report. Maine State map, sheets 2 and 6. 

Chemo Pond, Penobscot County, Bradley, Eddington, and Clifton townships; 
elevation, 126 feet; inlets, Parks Pond (western outlet) and Davis Pond; outlet, 
through Blackman Stream to Penobscot River; length (approximate), 2^ miles; max- 
imum width, 1 mile; approximate area of water surface, 1.80 square miles; drainage 
area not measured. Orono sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Chesuncook Lake, Piscataquis County, T. 5, Rs. 12 and 13, T. 4, Rs. 12 and 13, 
and T, 3, R. 12; inlets, Caucomgomuc and Umbazooksus streams, Quaker and Red 
brooks, overflow of Moose and Mud ponds and Caribou Lake, and West Branch of 
Penobscot River, which flows through it; length (approximate), 18 miles; maximum 
width, 2 miles; approximate area of water surface, 35.9 square miles; present storage, 
22 feet; additional available storage, 4 feet; drainage area, exclusive of Caucomgo- 
muc Lake, 174 square miles. See page 170 of this report. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine 
State map. 

Chesuncook Pond, Piscataquis County, on boundary, between T. 3, R. 11, and 
T. 2, R. 11; outlet, a small unnamed stream about 2| miles long emptying into Chesun- 
cook Lake, on West Branch of Penobscot River; length (approximate), two-thirds mile; 
maximum width, about one-half mile; area of water surface, 0.22 mile; drainage area 
not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Ciss Stream, Piscataquis County; rises in Round Pond, in southern T. 7, R. 14, 
flows southward to Caucogomuc Lake (discharging to Chesuncook Lake on West Branch 
of Penobscot River); no tributaries; length (approximate), 1^ miles; drainage area not 
measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Coffeelos Lake, Piscataquis County, T. 6, R. 11; outlet, through Webster Lake 
and Grand Lakes to East Branch of Penobscot River; length (approximate), two-thirds 
mile; maximum width, about one-third mile; area of water surface, 0.22 square mile; 
drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State map. 

Co£fee Brook, Penobscot County; rises in central T. 3, R. 1; flows generally 
northwestward to Madagascal Pond, which has outlet by Madagascal Stream to 



230 WATER EESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Passadumkeag River (tributary to Penobscot River); receives two short unnamed 
streams; length (approximate), 4 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 7, Maine 
State map. 

Cold Brook, Aroostook County, rises in an unnamed pond in T. 3, R. 4; flows north- 
ward and northwestward through Fish Stream to Mattawamkeag River (tributary to 
Penobscot River) ; receives the flow of an unnamed stream from the west and over- 
flow of a small pond near its source; length (approximate), 8 miles; drainage area 
not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Cold Stream, Penobscot County, rises in the lower of the Cold Stream Ponds in 
Enfield Township; flows generally southward to Passadumkeag River (tributary to 
Penobscot River); receives the flow of a short unnamed stream from the east; length 
(approximate), 6 miles; drainage area not measured. Gaging station at Enfield. 
See pages 91-95 of this report. Sheet 7, Maine State map. 

Cold Stream Ponds (3 connected), Penobscot County, Enfield and Lincoln town- 
ships; outlet through Cold Stream to Passadumkeag River (tributary to Penobscot 
River); length (approximate) of upper pond, 3 miles; maximum width, one-third 
mile; length (approximate) of middle pond, 2^ miles; maximum width, IJ miles; 
length (approximate) of lower pond, 3 miles; maximum width, 1^ miles; area of water 
surface, of Upper or Second Pond 1.14 square miles; combined water-surface area of 
middle and lower ponds 7.38 square miles; controlled by a dam; drainage area not 
measured. Sheet 7, Maine State map. 

Compass Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 2, R. 9; inlet, overflow from Katahdin 
Pond on the northeast; outlet from the west to River Pond, which discharges to West 
Branch of Penobscot River; length (approximate) one-half mile; maximum width, 
less than one-fourth mile; area of water surface 0.14 square mile; drainage area not 
measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Cooper Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in Crawford Pond in T. A, R. 11; flows 
in a generally northeasterly direction to its junction with Pratt Brook (tributary to 
Middle Joe Mary Lake, which has outlet through Lower Joe Mary Lake to Pema- 
dumcook Lake, on West Branch of Penobscot River) ; receives the flow of about four 
unnamed streams and the overflow of two ponds; length (approximately), 7^ miles; 
drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State map. 

Cooper Pond, Piscataquis County, T. A, R. 10; inlet, Cooper Brook, which flows 
through the pond from east to west, forming its outlet to Pratt Brook (tributary to 
Middle Joe Mary Lake, which discharges to Pemadumcook Lake, on West Branch of 
Penobscot River); length (approximate), one-half mile; maximum width, one-half 
mile; area of water surface, 0.49 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 
and 6, Maine State map. 

Copeland Brook, Penobscot County, rises in southern Holden Township, at an 
elevation of about 450 feet above sea level; flows south westward into Long Pond, 
which has outlet by Moosehorn Creek to Dead River (tributary to Orland River, 
which flows to the Penobscot); receives one tributary, an unnamed stream about 1 
mile long, which has its source in McGann Bog; length, about 5 miles; total fall 
(approximate), 380 feet; drainage area not measured. Orland sheet, U. S.G. S. 

Craig Pond, Hancock County, central Orland Township; outlet, through Alamoo- 
Book Lake to Orland River (tributary to Penobscot River); elevation, 213 feet; between 
point of outlet and entrance to Alamoosook Lake, a distance of about 1 mile, there is a 
fall of approximately 190 feet; length, about 1^ miles; maximum width, about three- 
fourths mile; area of water surface, 0.33 square mile; drainage area not measured. 
Orland sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Cranberry Pond, Penobscot County, Lowell; outlet by short stream into Cold 
Stream Pond, thence by Cold Stream to Passadumkeag River (tributary to Penobscot 
River); area of water surface, 0.04 square mile; drainage area not measured. 



GAZETTEEK OP.EIVERS, LAKES, AND PONDS. 231 

Cranberry Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 3, R. 14; outlet, a short stream about one- 
half mile long, flowing from its southern end into an unnamed tributary of Lobster 
Lake (outlet to West Branch of the Penobscot); length (approximate), three-fourths 
mile; maximum width, about one-half mile; area of water surface, 0.12 square mile; 
drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Crawford Pond, Piscataquis County, T. AR. 11; inlets, from Yoke and Rocky 
ponds and one other unnamed stream; outlet, by Cooper Brook to Pratt Brook, which 
flows to Middle Joe Mary Lake (outlet through Lower Joe Mary to Pemadumcook 
Lake on West Branch of Penobscot River); length (approximate), 1^ miles; maximum 
width, one-half mile; area of water surface, 0.82 square mile; drainage area not meas- 
ured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State map. 

Crescent Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 9, R. 15; outlet, through Mud Pond to 
Allagash Stream, which flows through Allagash Lake to Chamberlain Lake (tributary 
through Round Pond, and Telos Lake to Webster Brook, tributary through Grand Lake 
to East Branch of Penobscot River); length (approximate), 1 mile; maximum width, 
one-third mile; area of water surface, 0.34 square mile; drainage area not measured. 
Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State map. 

Crooked Pond, Penobscot County, Lincoln Township; outlet, through an unnamed 
pond which overflows into Mattanacook Pond (outlet to Penobscot River); length 
(approximate), three-fourths mile; maximum width, one-half mile; approximate area 
of water surface, 0.26 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheets 6 and 7, Maine 
State map. 

Crooked Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 7, R. 8 N. W. P.; inlets, three streams 
from north through Burden Pond ; outlet through .Long Pond and Sebec Lake to Sebec 
River (tributary to Piscataquis River which flows into Penobscot River); area of 
water surface, 0.21 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Crystal Stream, Penobscot County; rises in northeastern Mount Chase Township; 
flows generally southeastward to Fish Stream (tributary to Mattawamkeag River, 
which joins Penobscot River in Mattawamkeag County); receives from the west an 
unnamed stream about 6 miles long; length (approximate), 10 miles; drainage area not 
measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Cunningham Pond, Somerset County, T. 2, R. 4 N. B. K. P.; inlets, short streams 
from west and north; outlet, by Cunningham Brook into South Branch of Penobscot 
River (tributary to West Branch of Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.03 square 
mile; drainage area not measured. 

Cuxabexis Lake, Piscataquis County, T. 5, R. 12; inlets, two unnamed streams 
(from the north and southeast); outlet, through a small unnamed pond to Moose Pond, 
which overflows into Chesuncook Lake on West Branch of Penobscot River; length 
(approximate), 2 miles; maximum width, about 1 mile; approximate area of water 
surface, 1.54 square mile; present storage, 2 feet; additional storage, 5 to 6 feet; drain- 
age area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Daggett Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 7, R. 14; inlet, from Shallow Lake; outlet, 
a small unnamed stream to Round Pond (outlet by way of Caucomgomuc Lake to 
Chesuncook Lake on West Branch of Penobscot River); length (approximate), 1 mile; 
maximum width, about one-half mile; approximate area of water surface, .76 square 
mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Daisy Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 3, R. 10 W. E. L. S.; outlet, by short unnamed 
stream into Sourdnahunk Stream (tributary to West Branch of Penobscot River); area 
of water surface, 0.01 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Davidson Pond, Penobscot County, T. 2, R. 6; outlet, through Salmon Stream 
Ponds to Salmon Stream (tributary to Penobscot River); length (approximate), one- 
half mile; maximum width, one-eighth mile; area of water surface, 0.15 square mile; 
drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 



232 WATEK EESOUECES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Davis Pond, Penobscot County, T. 5, R. 7 W. E. L. S.; outlet, by short stream 
about 4 miles long to Seboeis Stream (tributary to East Branch of Penobscot River); 
area of water surface, 0.08 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Davis Pond, Piscataquis County, southern Willimantic Township; outlet, Davis 
Stream to Wilson Stream (tributary through Sebec Lake to Sebec River, which joins 
Piscataquis River, tributary to Penobscot River); length (approximate), three-fourths 
mile; maximum width, one-third mile; area of water surface, 0.34 square mile; 
drainage area not measured. Sheets 3 and 7, Maine State map. 

Davis Pond, Penobscot County, Holden and Eddington townships; elevation, 200 
feet; inlets, Holbrook Pond and several unnamed streams; outlet, through Chemo 
Pond and Blackman Stream (tributary to Penobscot River); between the point of 
outlet and its entrance to Chemo Pond, a distance of about 2^ miles,- there is a fall of 
about 75 feet; approximate area of water surface, 0.68 square mile; controlled by a 
dam; drainage area not measured. Orono sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Davis Stream, Piscataquis County; rises in Davis Pond in southwestern Willi- 
mantic Township; flows generally northeastward to Wilson Stream (tributary by way 
of Sebec Lake to Sebec River, which flows to the Piscataquis, a branch of the Penob- 
scot); receives the overflow of Poverty, Hebron, and Monson ponds, besides two short 
unnamed streams from the west; length (approximate), 8 miles; drainage area not 
measured. Sheets 3 and 7, Maine State map. 

Dead Brook, Washington County; rises near the boundary between Brookton and 
T. 8, R. 3; flows southeastward to Baskahegan Lake (tributary through Baskahegan 
Stream to Mattawamkeag River, which flows to Penobscot River); length (approxi- 
mate), 2 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Dead River, Hancock County; rises in Hothole Pond, northern Orland Township, 
at an elevation of 35 feet above sea level; flows northwestward through a bog for about 
three-fourths mile to its junction with Moosehorn Creek, then almost directly south- 
ward into Alamoosook Lake, where it joins Orland River (tributary to Penobscot 
River); principal tributaries, Moosehorn Creek and three unnamed streams; length, 
about 3^ miles; total fall, approximately 15 feet; drainage area not measured. Orland 
sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Dead Stream, Penobscot County; rises near boundary between Lincoln and Lee 
townships; flows generally*" westward to Mattanacook Pond, which discharges through 
the stream of the same name to Penobscot River; receives the flow of a short unnamed 
stream about 2 miles from its source; length (approximately), 6 miles; drainage area 
not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Dead Stream, Piscataquis County; rises in Boyd Lake in central Omville Town- 
ship; flows generally southeastward to Pushaw Stream (tributary to Stillwater River, 
which flows into the Penobscot) in Alton Township, Penobscot County; besides the 
flow of three short unnamed streams from the west, it receives the flow of a stream 
about 14 miles long, also known as Dead Stream; length (approximate), 17 miles; 
drainage area not measured. Sheets 3 and 7, Maine State map. 

Dead Stream, Piscataquis County; rises in extreme southern Atkinson Township; 
flows slightly northeastward for about 3 miles, then turns and flows generally south- 
eastward, joining a stream of the same name in west Alton Township, Penobscot 
County; receives the flow of a number of short unnamed streams and the overflow of 
an unnamed pond in the upper part of its course; length (approximate), 14 miles; 
drainage area not measured. Sheets 3 and 7, Maine State map. 

Debsconeag Lakes (5, connected), Piscataquis County, T. 2, Rs. 10 and 11, T. 1, 
Rs. 10 and 11; inlets, a number of small unnamed streams; outlet to West Branch 
Penobscot River; approximate length of largest lake, 3 miles; maximum width, about 
one-half mile; area of water surface. First Lake, 0.51 square mile. Second Lake, 0.34 
square mile, Third Lake, 1.54 square miles. Fourth Lake 0.52 square mile; drain- 
age area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State map. 



GAZETTEEK OF EIVEKS, LAKES, AND PONDS. 233 

Deer Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 2, R. 13; inlet, a small stream from the west 
about 1 mile long; outlet, an unnamed stream about 3 miles long to Caribou Lake 
(tributary to Chesuncook Lake on West Branch of Penobscot River) ; length (approxi- 
mate), one-half mile; maximum width, one-fourth mile; area of water surface, 0.25 
square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Deer Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 3, R. 13; inlet, a small unnamed stream from 
the south ; outlet, a small stream about 1 mile long to Caribou Lake (outlet to Chesun- 
cook Lake, on West Branch of Penobscot River) ; length (approximate), 1^ miles; maxi- 
mum width, about one-third mile; area of water surface, 0.45 square mile; drainage 
area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Dole Brook, Somerset County; rises in Dole Pond, in Dole Township; flows east- 
ward to its junction with North Branch of Penobscot River (tributary to West Branch of 
Penobscot River); receives the flow of Hurricane Brook, Roberts Brook, and overflow 
of Long Pond, besides several other small unnamed streams; length, about 6 miles; 
drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Dole Pond, Somerset County, northwestern Dole Township ; inlets, two small streams 
from the west, Roberts Brook from the north, and from the south a small stream from 
Long Pond; outlet, by Dole Brook to North Branch of Penobscot River (tributary to 
West Branch of Penobscot River); length (approximate), IJ miles; maximum width, 
about one-half mile; area of water surface, 0.56 square mile; drainage area not meas- 
ured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Dow Pond, Piscataquis County, central Sebec Township; outlet, through an 
unnamed stream about 4 miles long to Piscataquis River (tributary to Penobscot 
River); length (approximate), three-fourths mile; maximum width, one-third mile; 
area of water surface, 0.06 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheets 3 and 7, 
Maine State map. 

Draper Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 3, R. 10 W. E. L. S.; outlet, by small stream 
into Sourdnahunk Stream (tributary to West Branch Penobscot River); area of water 
surface, 0.01 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Duck Lake, Penobscot County, T. 4, N. D.; inlets, two short unnamed streams 
from the north; outlet, through Duck Stream and Nicatous Lake to Nicatous Stream 
(tributary to Passadumkeag River, which flows into Penobscot River); length 
(approximate), 2^ miles; maximum width, 1^ miles; approximate area of water sur- 
face, 2.13 square miles; present storage, 9 feet; drainage area not measured. Sheet 
7, Maine State map. 

Duck Pond (Smyrna), Aroostook County, north-central Smyrna Township; inlet, 
a short unnamed stream from the north; outlet, through East Branch of Mattawamkeag 
River to Mattawamkeag River (tributary to Penobscot River); length (approximate) 
one-third mile; maximum width, one-fourth mile; area of water 0.10 square mile; 
drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Duck Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 5, R. 12; outlet, a small stream about 1 mile 
long flowing northward into Moose Pond (outlet to Chesuncook Lake on West Branch 
of Penobscot River); length (approximate), 2 miles; maximum width, one-half mile; 
area of water surface, 0.99 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine 
State map. 

Duck Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 2, R. 13; inlet, a small unnamed stream rising 
in southwestern part of T. 2, R. 13, and flowing through the pond to Lobster Lake 
(outlet to West Branch of Penobscot River); length (approximate), one-fourth mile; 
maximum width, one-eighth mile; area of water surface, 0.10 square mile; drainage 
area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Duck Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 7, R. 8 N. W. P.; inlet, short stream from 
west; outlet by short stream into Burden Pond, thence through Crooked Pond, Long 
Pond, and Sebec Lake to Sebec River (tributary to Piscataquis River, which flows 



234 

into Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.10 square mile; drainage area not 
measured. 

Duck Stream, Penobscot County; rises in Duck Pond in T. 4, N. D.; flows gen- 
erally westward through Nicatous Lake to Nicatous Stream (tributary to Passadum- 
keag River, which flows to Penobscot River); length (approximate), 2^ miles; drain- 
age area not measured. Sheet 7, Maine State map. 

Dudley Brook, Aroostook County; rises in T. 7, R. 4; flows southeastward to East 
Branch of Mattawamkeag River (tributary to Mattawamkeag River, which flows into 
Penobscot River); receives the flow of an unnamed stream from the north; length 
(approximate), 6 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Duncan Pond, Somerset County, central Prentiss Township (T, 4, R. 4); inlet, a 
short unnamed stream from the north; outlet, a stream about 1^ miles long, flowing 
southward into Bald Brook (tributary South Branch of Penobscot River, which flows 
into West Branch of Penobscot River); length (approximate), three-fourths mile; 
maximum width, about one-third mile; area of water surface, 0.38 square mile; 
drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Dyer Brook, Aroostook County; rises in an unnamed pond in eastern Dyer Brook 
Township; flows south westward to Fish Stream (tributary to Mattawamkeag River, 
which flows into Penobscot River) ; receives the flow of a number of small unnamed 
streams; length, about 6^ miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State 
map. 

East Branch. Lake, Penobscot County, T. 3, R. 9; outlet, through East Branch of 
Seboeis Stream to Seboeis Stream (tributary to Piscataquis River, which flows into 
Penobscot River); length (approximate), IJ miles; maximum width, 1^ miles; 
approximate area of water surface, 1.08 square miles; drainage area not measured. 
Sheets 6 and 7, Maine State map. 

East Branch of Mattawamkeag River, Aroostook and Washington counties; rises 
in northern Smyrna Township, Aroostook County; flows generally southward to its 
junction with West Branch in Haynesville Township to form the Mattawamkeag (trib- 
utary to Penobscot River in Mattawamkeag Township, Washington County); receives 
the flow of Dudley Brook, Duck and Pleasant ponds, Skiticook Lake, and Beaver 
Brook; length (approximate), 27 miles; drainage area above junction with West 
Branch Mattawamkeag River, 158 square miles. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

East Branch of Penobscot Biver, Piscataquis and Penobscot counties; rises in 
Sink Pond, in T. 7, R. 11, Piscataquis County, at an elevation of about 850 feet above 
sea level; for the first half of its course it flows southeastward, but in the lower half 
takes an almost direct southerly course to its junction with Penobscot River in Med- 
way Township, Penobscot County; receives the flow of Chamberlain Lake, Round 
Pond, Telos Lake, Webster and Bailey brooks, the overflow of the Grand Lakes, 
Seboeis River, and Wassataquoik Stream, besides the flow of innumerable smaller 
streams and ponds; length (approximate), 60 miles; drainage area at its junction 
with the Penobscot River in Medway Township, including Chamberlain Lake drain- 
age area, 1,130 square miles. Gaging station at Grindstone. See page 56 of this report. 
Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State map. 

East Branch of Pleasant River^ Piscataquis County; rises in T. 4, R 12, flows 
southeastward for the first two-thirds of its course, then turns and flows slightly south- 
westward to its junction with the West Branch (in T. 5, R. 8) to form Pleasant River, 
which empties into the Piscataquis (tributary to Penobscot River) ; receives the flow 
of Gurnsey Brook, the overflow of Gauntlet Pond, Upper Ebeemee Lake, Ebeemee 
Lake, and Middle Brook; length (approximate), 28 miles; drainage area not measured. 
Sheets 2, 3, and 7, Maine State map. 

East Branch of Seboeis Stream, Penobscot County; rises in East Branch Lake in 
T. 3, R. 9; flows slightly south westward through Seboeis Stream to Piscataquis River 



235 

(tributary to Penobscot River); receives the overjfiow of Cedar Pond besides that of 
an unnamed pond on the east and an unnamed stream on the west; length (approxi- 
mate), 8 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheets 6 and 7, Maine State map. 

East Chair Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 7, R. 9 N. W. P.; outlet, by short stream 
into Long Pond, thence by Long Pond Stream through Onawa Lake, Onawa Stream, 
Sebec Lake, into Sebec River (tributary to Piscataquis River, which flows into Penob- 
scot River); area of water siu-face, 0.12 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

East Messer Pond, Penobscot County, T. 5, R. 8 W. E. L. S.; outlet, by short 
stream into Little Spring Brook and Big Spring Brook (tributary to East Branch of 
Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.04 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Eaton Brook, Penobscot County; rises in northern Holden Township, at an eleva- 
tion of about 180 feet; flows in a rather circuitous course westward and northwestward 
to Penobscot River in northern Brewer Township; receives the flow of perhaps six 
unnamed streams; length (approximate), 4^ miles; total fall, about 160 feet; drain- 
age area not measured. Orland and Orono sheets, U.S.G.S. 

Ebeemee Lake, Piscataquis County, T. 5, R. 9 and Brownville; inlet. East Branch 
of Pleasant River, which flows through the lake also to Piscataquis River (tributary to 
Penobscot River) ; length (approximate), 1| miles; maximum width, one-half mile; 
approximate area of water surface, 2.04 square miles; drainage area, 87 square miles. 
Sheets 2, 3, 6, and 7, Maine State map. 

Egg Pond, Penobscot County, Lincoln; outlet, by short stream through Caribou 
Pond, Long Pond, Cambolasse Pond, into Cambolasse Stream and Penobscot River; 
area of water surface, 0.13 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Elbow Lake, Penobscot County, Purchase 4 Township; inlet, overflow from North 
Twin Lake; outlet, through Quakish Lake and Shad Pond to West Branch of Penobscot 
River; length (approximate), less than 1 mile; maximum width, about three-fourths 
mile; dam at outlet of lake; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Elbow Lake, Piscataquis County, T. 3, R. 10 W. E. L. S.; inlets, small stream 
from north and outlet from Tracy Pond; outlet by short stream into Katahdin Stream 
(tributary to West Branch of Penobscot River) ; area of water surface, 0.04 square mile; 
drainage area not measured. 

Ellis Stream, Piscataquis County; rises in T. 7, R. 14; flows eastward through 
second and first ponds to Chamberlain Lake (tributary through Round Pond and 
Telos Lake to Webster Brook, which flows through Grand Lakes to East Branch of 
Penobscot River); no tributaries; length (approximate), 10 miles; drainage area not 
measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State map. 

Elm Pond, Somerset County, T. 4, R. 16; inlet, Elm Stream, which flows through 
the pond to Seboomook Lake on West Branch of Penobscot River; length (approximate), 
1 mile; maximum width, about two-thirds mile; approximate area of water surface, 
0.90 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Elm Stream, Somerset County; rises in T. 5, R. 18; flows southward and south- 
eastward through Elm Pond in T. 4, R. 16 to Seboomook Lake on West Branch of 
Penobscot River; receives the flow of four small unnamed streams; length, about 16 J 
miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Endless Lake, Penobscot County, T. 3, R. 9; inlet, from Seboois Lake; outlet, 
through Seboeis Stream to Piscataquis River (tributary to Penobscot River); length 
(approximate), 4 miles; maximum width, IJ miles; approximate area of water sur- 
face, 2.57 square miles; present storage, 8 feet; additional available storage, 5 feet; 
drainage area at outlet, 66.5 miles. Sheets 6 and 7, Maine State map. 

Eskatassis Pond, Penobscot County, Lowell and Burlington townships; inlets, 
two short unnamed streams; outlet, through a small unnamed pond to Passadumkeag 
River (tributary to Penobscot River); length (approximate), 2 miles; maximum width. 
If miles; approximate area of water surface, 1.36 square miles; present storage, 8 feet; 
drainage area not measured. Sheet 7, Maine State map. 



236 

Etna Pond, Penobscot County, Stetson, Etna, and Carmel townships; inlets, two 
unnamed streams; outlet, Souadabscook Stream (tributary to Penobscot River); 
length, about If miles; maximum width, three-fourths mile; area of water surface, 
0.91 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheets 3 and 7, Maine State map. 

Farrar Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in T. 1, R. 12; flows northeastward into 
Rainbow Pond (outlet through Nahmakanta Pond and Stream to Pemadumcook Lake 
on West Branch of Penobscot River) ; receives the flow of three short unnamed streams 
and the overflow of Female Pond; length (approximate), 6 miles; drainage area not 
measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State map. 

Felts Brook, Penobscot County; rises in western Holden Township, at an eleva- 
tion of about 130 feet; flows northwestward to Penobscot River in Brewer Township; 
receives the flow of two short unnamed streams; length (approximate), 4^ miles; 
total fall, about 160 feet; drainage area not measured. Orono sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Female Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 1, R. 12; inlet, from a small pond on the 
west; outlet, through Farrar Brook to Rainbow Pond (tributary through Nahmakanta 
Pond and Stream to Pemadumcook Lake on West Branch of Penobscot River) ; length 
(approximate), two-thirds mile; maximum width, one-fourth mile; area of water 
surface, 0.22 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State 
map. 

Ferguson Lake, Penobscot County, Millinocket; inlet, water is diverted from 
West Branch Penobscot River by a dam at the outlet of Quakish Lake into Ferguson 
Lake, thence through the mill of the Great Northern Paper Co. into Millinocket 
Stream (tributary to West Branch of Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.42 
square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Fields Pond, Penobscot County, northeastern Orrington Township; elevation, 105 
feet; inlet, the overflow from Brewer Pond on the south; outlet, through Sedgeunke- 
dunk Stream to Penobscot River in Brewer Township; length (approximate), two- 
thirds mile; maximum width, one-half mile; area of water surface, 0.29 square mile; 
drainage area not measured. Orland Bucksport, and Bangor sheets, U.S.G.S. 

Finn Brook, Aroostook County; rises in northern Reed Township; flows generally 
southeastward to Mattawamkeag River (tributary to Penobscot River); no tributaries; 
length (approximate), 9 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State 
map. 

First Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 7, R. 14; inlet, Ellis Stream, which flows 
through the pond to Chamberlain Lake (tributary through Round Pond and Telos 
Lake to Webster Brook, which flows through Grand Lake to East Branch of Penobscot 
River); length (approximate), 1 mile; maximum width, one-fourth mile; area of 
water surface, 0.27 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine 
State map. 

Fish Pond, Somerset County, T. 3, R. 3; inlet, a small stream about 2^ miles 
png from the west; outlet, into Alder Brook (tributary to South Branch of the Penob- 
scot, which flows into West Branch of the Penobscot); maximum width, one-half mile; 
length (approximate), 1| miles; area of water surface, 0,09 square mile; drainage area 
not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Fish Pond, Somerset County, east-central Bald Mountain Township; outlet to 
Hale Brook and South Branch Penobscot River (tributary to West Branch of Penob- 
scot River); length (approximate), three-fourths mile; maximum width, about three- 
fourths mile; area of water surface, 0.48 square mile; drainage area not measured. 
Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Fish Pond, Somerset County, T. 5, R. 20 W. E. L. S.; inlets, two small streams 
from the north; outlet, by Fish Pond Stream into Foss Pond, thence by Dole Brook 
into North Branch of Penobscot River (tributary to West Branch of Penobscot River); 
area of water surface, 0.04 square mile; drainage area not measured. 



GAZETTEEK OF EIVEES, LAKES, AND PONDS. 237 

Fish Stream, Penobscot County; rises in southern Mount Chase Township; flows 
southeastward and eastward to West Branch of Mattawamkeag River (tributary to Mat- 
tawamkeag River, which flows into Penobscot River) ; receives the flow of Crystal 
Stream and Cold Brook, besides that of several other small streams and an unnamed 
pond in Patten Township; length (approximate), 15 miles; drainage area not meas- 
ured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Fisher Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 2, R. 12; outlet, a small stream on the south 
to Caribou Lake (tributary to Chesuncook Lake on West Branch of Penobscot River) ; 
length (approximate), one-half mile; maximum width, about one-third mile; area of 
water surface, 0.05 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State 
map. 

Fitts Pond, Penobscot County, southeastern Clifton Township; elevation, 320 
feet; inlets, two short unnamed streams from the south; outlet, through an unnamed 
stream to Chemo Pond (outlet through Blackman Stream to Penobscot River); 
between point of outlet and entrance to Chemo Pond, a distance of about 3^ miles, 
there is a fall of about 195 feet; area of water surface, 0.17 square mile; drainage 
area not measured. Orland and Orono sheets, U. S. G. S. 

Flinn Pond, Aroostook County, on boundary between Benedicta Township and T. 
1, R. 5; outlet, through Hersey Brook to Molunkus Stream (tributary to Mattawam- 
keag River, which flows into the Penobscot); length (approximate), 1 mile; maximum 
width, one-third mile; area of water surface, 0.27 square mile; drainage area not 
measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Foley Pond, Somerset County, T. 4, R. 18; inlet, a small stream from an unnamed 
pond to the north; outlet, a stream about 1^ miles long flowing southeastward to 
Lane Brook (tributary to North Branch of Penobscot River, which in turn is tributary 
to West Branch of the Penobscot); length, about 1 mile; maximum width, one-third 
mile; area of water surface, 0.38 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, 
Maine State map. 

Folsom Pond, Penobscot County, central Lincoln Township; inlet, the overflow 
of Upper Pond from the south and a small unnamed pond on the northwest; outlet, 
through a small unnamed pond to Mattanacook Pond (outlet by stream of same name 
into Penobscot River); length (approximate), three-fourths mile; maximum width, 
less than one-half mile; approximate area of water surface, 0.26 square mile; controlled 
by a dam; drainage area not measured. Sheets 6 and 7, Maine State map. 

Foss Pond, Penobscot County, north-central Kingsbury Township; outlet, through 
Thorn Brook to South Branch of Piscataquis River (tributary to the Piscataquis, 
which flows into the Penobscot); length (approximate), 1 mile; maximum width, about 
one-fourth mile; area of water surface, 0.14 square mile; drainage area not measured. 
Sheets 3 and 7, Maine State map. 

Fourth Lake, Piscataquis County, T. 7, R. 11; outlet, to Third Lake, Grand 
Lake, and East Branch of Penobscot River; length (approximate), 1^ miles; maximum 
width, a little over one-half mile; area of water surface, 0.32 quare mile; drainage 
area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State map. 

Fourth Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 7, R. 8 N. W. P.; inlet, stream from east; 
outlet, through Burden Pond, Crooked Pond, Long Pond, and Sebec Lake, into Sebec 
River (tributary to Piscataquis River, which flows into Penobscot River); area of 
water surface, 0.33 square mile; drainage area not measm-ed. 

Fowler Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 6, R. 9 W. E. L. S.; inlet, short stream from 
south; outlet, short stream into Trout Stream, thence into Grand Lake, East Branch of 
Penobscot River; area of water surface, 0.10 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Frost Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 6, R. 9; outlet, through Second Grand Lake 
to East Branch of Penobscot River; length (approximate), three-fourths mile; maxi- 
mum width, one-fourth mile; area of water surface 0.05 square mile; drainage area not 
measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 



238 WATER RESOUECES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Frost Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 3, R. 11; inlet, a small unnamed tributary 
from the northeast; outlet, an unnamed stream from the southeast to Ripogenus 
Lake on West Branch of Penobscot River; length (approximate), seven-eighths mile; 
maximum width, about one-half mile; area of water surface 0.34 square mile; drain- 
age area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Garland Pond, Piscataquis County, western Sebec Township; outlet, through a 
short unnamed stream to Piscataquis River (tributary to Penobscot River); length 
(approximate), three-fourths mile; maximum width, less than one-fourth mile; area 
of water surface, 0.04 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheets 3 and 7, 
Maine State map. 

Gassabias Lake, Penobscot County, T. 41, M. D.; outlet, through Nicatous Lake 
to the stream of the same name (tributary through Passadumkeag River to Penobscot 
River); length (approximate), If miles; maximum width, 1^ miles; approximate area 
of water surface, 1.34 square miles; present storage, 6 feet; drainage area not meas- 
ured. Sheet 7, Maine State map. 

Gauntlet Pond, Piscataquis County, T. B, R. 10; outlet, East Branch of Pleasant 
River (tributary to Pleasant River, which joins the Piscataquis, a branch of Penobscot 
River); length (approximate), 1| miles; maximum width, less than 1 mile; area of 
water surface, 0.11 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2, 3, 6, and 7, 
Maine State map. 

George Pond, Penobscot County, Hermon Township; inlet, Wheeler Stream, 
which passes through the pond to Souadabscook Stream (tributary to Penobscot River); 
elevation, 125 feet; the outlet has practically no fall, since it flows through a bog; 
length (approximate), one-half mile; maximum width, less than one-fourth mile; 
area of water surface, 0.08 square mile; drainage area not measured. Bangor sheet, 
U.S.G.S. 

George Pond, Penobscot County, Holden Township, one-fourth mile west of East 
Holden; inlet, an unnamed stream about IJ miles long; outlet, to Phillips Lake 
outlet (northern), (tributary to Long Pond, which has outlet through Moosehorn 
Creek, Dead River, and Orland River to Penobscot River); elevation, 170 feet; 
between point of outlet and junction with Phillips Lake Outlet (northern), a distance 
of perhaps one-fourth mile, there is a fall of about 10 feet; length, about one-fourth 
mile; width, about one-eighth mile; area of water surface, 0.03 square mile; drain- 
age area not measured. Orland sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Gordon Brook, Penobscot County, Webster Township; flows northeastward for 
about 2 miles, then turns and flows northwestward to Mattawamkeag River (tributary 
to Penobscot River); no tributaries; length (approximate), 6} miles; drainage area 
not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Gould Brook, Penobscot County; rises in western Mattamiscontis Township; flows 
southward and southeastward to Penobscot River; no tributaries; length (approxi- 
mate), 4 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 7, Maine State map. 

Grand Lake, Penobscot County, T. 7, R. 7; inlets, Seboeis Lake and a small 
unnamed pond; outlet, through Whitehouse and Snowshoe lakes to Seboeis River 
(tributary to East Branch of Penobscot River); length (approximate), 1 mile; maxi- 
mum width, 1 mile; area of water surface, 2.44 square miles; drainage area not meas- 
ured. See Whitehouse Lake and Snowshoe Lake. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Grand Lake, Penobscot County, T. 6, R. 8, and Piscataquis County, T. 6, R. 9; 
inlets, the overflow of Second Grand Lake, Trout Brook, and several small unnamed 
streams; outlet. East Branch of Penobscot River; length (approximate), 3^ miles; 
maximum width, 1^ miles; approximate area of water surface, including Second Grand 
Lake, 6.63 square miles; present storage, 14 feet; additional available storage, 10 feet; 
drainage area at dam at outlet, includes Chamberlain Lake drainage area, 496 square 
miles. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Grand Lakes; see Snowshoe Lake, Whitehouse Lake. 



GAZETTEEE OF KIVEES, LAKES, AND PONDS. 239 

Grant Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in Rat Pond in T. 2, R. 9; flows westward 
and southward to Millinocket Lake and Shad Pond (tributary to West Branch of 
Penobscot River); length (approximate), 3 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 
6, Maine State map. 

Grapevine Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 7, R. 8 N. W. P.; inlet, stream from east 
through Upper Grapevine Pond; outlet, by small stream to Sebec Lake and Sebec 
River (tributary to Piscataquis River, which flows into Penobscot River); area of 
water surface, 0.14 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Grass Pond, Aroostook County, Moro Plantation; inlet, small stream through 
Picked Mountain Pond from the south; outlet, by West Branch of Mattawamkeag 
River, through Rockabema Lake to Mattawamkeag River (tributary to Penobscot 
River); area of water surface, 0.10 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Great Works Stream, Penobscot County; rises in eastern Clifton Township; flows 
generally northwestward to Penobscot River in northwestern Bradley Township; 
receives the overflow of Parks Pond (through its northern outlet), Boynton Brook, and 
a number of short unnamed streams; length (approximate), 12 miles; drainage area 
not measured. Orono sheet, U.S.G.S., and sheet 7, Maine State map. 

Green Pond, Aroostook County, Moro Plantation; inlet, small stream from south- 
west; outlet, by Alder Brook through Hale Lake to West Branch of Mattawamkeag 
River (tributary to Mattwamkeag River, which flows into Penobscot River); area of 
water surface, 0.04 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Green Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 2, R. 12; outlet, a small stream on the west to 
Caribou Lake (tributary to Chesuncook Lake on West Branch of Penobscot River) ; 
length (approximate), one-half mile; maximum width, about one-half mile; area of 
water surface, 0.03 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State 
map. 

Green Pond, Piscataquis County, on boundary between Tps. 7, R. 10, and B, R. 11; 
outlet, through an unnamed stream about 2J miles long to White Brook (tributary to 
West Branch of Pleasant River, which in turn is tributary to Pleasant River, a tribu- 
tary of the Piscataquis, and which flows into Penobscot River); length (approximate), 
three-fourths mile; maximum width, less than one-half mile; area of water surface, 
0.06 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2, 3, 6, and 7, Maine State map. 

Greenleaf Pond, Piscataquis County, eastern Abbot Township; inlet, two short 
unnamed streams and the overflow of an unnamed pond; outlet, through Piscataquis 
River to Penobscot River; length (approximate), three-fourths mile; maximum width, 
one-third mile; area of water surface, 0.12 square mile; drainage area not measured. 
Sheets 3 and 7, Maine State map. 

Greenwood Ponds, Piscataquis County, on the town line between Elliottsville and 
Willimantic townships; outlet, through Onawa Lake to Long Pond Stream (tributary 
through Sebec Lake to Sebec River, which flows to Piscataquis River, a branch of 
Penobscot River); length (approximate), three-fourths mile; maximum width, one- 
fourth mile; area of water surface, 0,64 square mile; drainage area not measured. 
Sheets 2, 3, and 7, Maine State map. 

Grindstone Pond, Piscataquis County,- northern Willimantic Township; outlet 
through Wilson Stream to Sebec Lake; outlet to Sebec River, which flows into the 
Piscataquis, a branch of the Penobscot); length (approximate), three-fourths mile; 
maximum width, one-half mile; area of water surface, 0.04 square mile; drainage area 
not measured. Sheets 2, 3, and 7, Maine State map. 

Gulch. Brook, Hancock County; rises in southern Orland Township, at an elevation 
of 390 feet; flows northwestward into Alamoosook Lake (outlet, Orland River to Penob- 
scot River); receives the flow of one small unnamed stream; length, about 3 miles; 
total fall, 370 feet; drainage area not measured. Orland sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Gulliver Brook, Somerset County; rises in northern part of T. 4, R. 17; flows south- 
eastward to its junction with West Branch of Penobscot River; receives the flow of four 



240 WATER RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

small unnamed streams from the east; length, about 7 miles; drainage area not meas- 
ured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Gumsey Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in T. B, R. 11; flows westward through 
B Pond to East Branch of Pleasant River (tributary to Pleasant River, which flows into 
the Piscataquis, a branch of the Penobscot); besides the overflow of B Pond, it receives 
the flow of 2 short unnamed streams; length (approximate), 7^ miles; drainage area 
not measured. Sheets 2, 3, 6, and 7, Maine State map. 

Hale Brook, Somerset County; rises in Fish Pond, T. 4, R. 3; flows in a northeast- 
ward direction to its junction with South Branch of Penobscot River (tributary to West 
Branch of Penobscot River) ; receives the flow of Hale Pond from the north and several 
unnamed small ponds and streams; length, about 9 miles; drainage area not meas- 
ured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Hale Lake, Aroostook County, Moro Plantation; inlets, stream from west through 
Green Pond and short stream from north; outlet, by Alder Brook to West Branch of 
Mattawamkeag River (tributary to Mattawamkeag River, which flows into Penobscot 
River); area of water surface, 0.11 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Hale Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 2, R. 10 W. E. L. S.; inlets, two small streams 
from the west; outlet, by short stream into West Branch of Penobscot River; area of 
water surface, 0.19 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Hale Pond, Somerset County, T. 3, R. 3; outlet, a small unnamed stream flowing 
into Hale Brook (tributary to South Branch of Penobscot River, a tributary of the West 
Branch of the Penobscot); length (approximate), three-fourths mile; maximum width; 
about one-half mile; area of water surface, 0.07 square mile; drainage area not meas- 
ured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Half Moon Pond, Waldo County, extreme northeastern Searsport Township, 
inlet, a small unnamed stream from the north; outlet, an unnamed stream about 2^ 
miles long, flowing into Marsh River and Marsh Bay (tributary to Penobscot River) ; 
elevation, 328 feet; between point of outlet and junction with Marsh River, a distance 
of approximately 2J miles, there is a fall of 248 feet; length (approximate), 1 mile; 
maximum width, about one-third mile; area of water surface, 0.26 square mile; drain- 
age area not measured. Bucksport sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Hammond Pond, Penobscot County, northwestern Hampden Township; this 
pond is formed by the junction of the Souadabscook with its western branch, flowing 
into Penobscot River; elevation, 121 feet; length, about one-half mile; maximum 
width, one-third mile; area of water surface, 0.16 square mile; drainage area no 
measured. Bucksport and Bangor sheets, U.S.G.S. 

Hancock Pond, Hancock County, east-central Bucksport Township; inlets, two 
small unnamed streams; outlet, to Moosehom Creek (tributary to Dead River, which 
flows to Orland River, a branch of the Penobscot River); elevation, 99 feet; between 
point of outlet and junction with Moosehorn Creek, a distance of perhaps one-half 
mile, there is a fall of approximately 35 feet; length, little more than one-half mile; 
maximum width, less than one-fourth mile; area of water surface, 0.09 square mile; 
drainage area not measured. Orland sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Hanson Pond, Hancock County, near the western boundary line of Dedham Town- 
ship; inlet, from Saulter Pond; outlet, to Phillips Lake outlet (northern) (tributary 
to Long Pond, which has outlet through Moosehorn Creek to Dead River and Orland 
.River and thus to Penobscot River); elevation, 240 feet; between point of outlet and 
junction with Phillips Lake outlet (northern), a distance of less than 1 mile, there is 
a fall of approximately 120 feet; length, about one-eighth mile; width (approximate), 
one-sixteenth mile; drainage area not measured. Orland sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Hardy Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 4, R. 8 N. W. P.; inlets, two streams from 
north and one from west; outlet, by Schoodic Stream to Piscataquis River (tributary 
to Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.28 square mile; drainage area not 
measured. 



GAZETTEER OF EIVERS, LAKES, AND PONDS. 241 

^ Harlow Pond, Piscataquis County, northeastern Parkman Township; inlets Mill 
Stream, which flows through the pond and through North West Pond to Piscataquis 
River (tributary to Penobscot River); length (approximate), 1 mile; maximum 
width, one-third mile; approximate area of water surface, 0.16 square mile; present 
storage, 6 feet; drainage area not measured. Sheets 3 and 7, Maine State map. 

Harriman Pond, Piscataquis County, western Sebec Township; outlet, through 
Alder Brook to Piscataquis River (tributary to Penobscot River); length (approxi- 
mate), less than three-fourths mile; maximum width, about one-half mile; area of 
water surface, 0.11 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheets 3 and 7, Maine 
State map. 

Harrington Lake, Piscataquis County, on the boundary between T. 4, R. 11, and 
T. 3, R. 11; inlets, Soper and Sandy brooks and overflow from an unnaftied pond on 
the southeast; outlet, Ripogenus Stream to Ripogenus Lake on West Branch Penob- 
scot River; length (approximate), 3 miles; maximum width, one-half mile; approxi- 
mate area of water surf ce, 1.84 square miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, 
Maine State map. 

Hathorn Pond, Penobscot County, T. 4, R. 8 W. E. L. S.; outlet, by Little Spring 
Brook into East Branch of Penobscot River; area of water surface, 0.06 square mile; 
drainage area not measured . 

Hawkins Brook, Washington County; rises in T. 8, R. 4; flows northward to Matta- 
wamkeag River (tributary to Penobscot River); no tributaries; length (approximate), 
6^ miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Hay Brook, Penobscot County; rises in T. 1, R. 6; flows northwestward to Mill 
Brook (tributary to East Branch of Penobscot River) ; receives the flow of one short 
stream in the upper part of its course; length (approximate), 4| miles; drainage area 
not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Hay Brook, Piscataquis County, T. 7, R. 10; flows almost directly southward to 
West Branch of Pleasant River (tributary to Pleasant River, which flows into the Pisca- 
taquis, a branch of Penobscot River); no tributaries; length (approximate), 2 J miles; 
drainage area not measured. Sheets 2, 3, 6, and 7, Maine State map. 

Hay Brook, Piscataquis County, T. 7, R. 9; flows generally southward through Sec- 
ond Grand Lake to East Branch of Penobscot River; receives the flow of a short unnamed 
stream from the west; length, about 2^ miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, 
Maine State map. 

Hay Lake, Penobscot County, T. 6, R. 8; inlets, two small unnamed streams from 
the south and southwest; outlet, through Sawtelle Brook to Seboeis River (tributary 
to East Branch of Penobscot River); length (approximate), 2 miles; maximum width, 
three-fourths mile; area of water surface, 0.91 square mile; drainage area not measured. 
Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

"^ Hay Pond, Penobscot County, T. 6, R. 8; outlet, through Sawtelle Brook to Seboeis 
River (tributary to East Branch Penobscot River); length (approximate), 1^ miles; 
maximum width, one-half mile; area of water surface, 0.22 square mile; drainage 
area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Hayden Pond, Somerset County, eastern Mayfield Township; outlet, through 
Kingsbury Pond to South Branch Piscataquis River (tributary to Piscataquis River, 
which flows into Penobscot River); length (approximate), five-eighths mile; maxi- 
mum width, about one-half mile; drainage area not measured. Sheets 3 and 7, 
Maine State map. 

Heart Pond, Hancock County, central Orland Township; about one-fourth mile 
south of Craig Pond; inlet, a small unnamed brook; outlet, into Toddy Pond (outlet 
to Orland River, which flows into Penobscot River); elevation, 174 feet; between 
point of outlet and its junction with Toddy Pond, a distance of less than one-fourth 
mile, there is a fall of about 15 feet; length, about one-half mile; maximum width, 
15042°— wsp 279—12 16 



242 WATEK RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

less than one-half mile; area of water surface, 0.12 square mile; drainage area not 
measured. Orland sheet, U.S.G.S, 

Hebron Pond, Piscataquis County, central Monson Township; outlet, to Davie 
Stream (tributary to Wilson Stream, which flows through Sebec Lake to Sebec River, 
a branch of the Piscataquis, a tributary of the Penobscot); length (approximate), a 
little less than 3 miles; maximum width, three-fourths mile; approximate area of 
water surface, 1.13 square miles, controlled by dam; drainage area not measured. 
Sheets 3 and 7, Maine State map. 

Hedgehog Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 8, R. 10; inlet, the overflow of Trout 
Pond; outlet, through Long Pond to Long Pond Stream (tributary through Onawa 
and Sebec Lakes to Sebec River, a tributary of the Piscataquis, which flows into 
Penobscot River); length (approximate), IJ miles; maximum width, 1 mile; area of 
water surface, 0.08 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2, 3, and 7, 
Maine State map. 

Hemlock Stream, Penobscot County; rises in north-central Lagrange Township; 
flows southeastward to Penobscot River in Argyle Township; no tributaries; length 
(approximate), 12 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 7, Maine State map. 

Henderson Pond, Piscataquis County, on boundary between Tps, 1, R. 11, and' 
A, R. 11; outlet, Pratt Brook to Middle Joe Mary Lake (tributary through Lower Joe 
Mary Lake to Pemadumcook Lake on West Branch of Penobscot River); length 
(approximate), 1 mile; maximum width, little less than 1 mile; area of water surface, 
0.37 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State map. 

Hermon Pond, Penobscot County, southwestern Hermon Township; inlets, over- 
flow from Tracy, Patten, and Ben Annis ponds; outlet, Souadabscook Stream which 
enters the pond from the west, flowing through it to Hammond Pond, from which it 
flows eastward to Penobscot River; elevation, 122 feet; length, about IJ miles; maxi- 
mum width, about three-fourths mile; area of water surface, 0.72 square mile; drainage 
area not measured. Bangor sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Hersey Brook, Aroostook County; rises on boundary between Tps. Benedicta and 
1, R. 5; flows southeastward through Molunkus Lake to Mattawamkeag River (tribu- 
tary to Penobscot River); receives the overflow of Finn Pond and several short 
unnamed streams; length (approximate), 6| miles; drainage area not measured. 
Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Hilton Ponds, Piscataquis County, Kingsbury; inlet, one short stream from south- 
west; outlet, by short stream Bog Brook, thence into Thorn Brook and South Branch 
of Piscataquis River (tributary to Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.08 square 
mile; drainage area not measured. 

Holbrook Pond, Piscataquis County, on boundary between Tps. 3, R. 11, and 2, R. 
11; inlets, two small unnamed streams from the south; outlet, a short unnamed stream 
from the north about 1 mile long flowing to West Branch of Penobscot River; length 
(approximate), 1 mile; maximum width, three-fourths mile; area of water surface, 
0.25 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Holbrook Pond, Penobscot County, eastern Holden Township; elevation, 200 
feet; inlets, three short unnamed streams; outlet, through Davis and Chemo ponds to 
Blackman Stream (tributary to Penobscot River); length (approximate), 1^ miles; 
maximum width, one-third mile; approximate area of water surface, 0.46 square mile; 
drainage area not measured. Orono and Orland sheets, U.S.G.S. 

Holland Pond, Penobscot County, Alton; outlet, by McKechnie Brook into Birch 
Stream (tributary to Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.12 square mile; drain- 
age area not measured. 

Horseshoe Pond, Hancock County, T. 35 M. D.; inlet, one short stream from 
north; outlet, Nicatous Stream through Nicatous Lake to Passadumkeag River 
(tributary to Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.39 square mile; drainage area 
not measured. 



GAZETTEER OF RIVERS, LAKES, AND PONDS. 243 

Horseshoe Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 8, R. 10; outlet, through Little Wilson 
and Wilson ponds to Wilson Stream (tributary through Sebec Lake to Sebec River, a 
tributary of Piscataquis River, which in turn flows into Penobscot River); length 
(approximate), 1| miles; maximum width, less than one-half mile; area of water sur- 
face, 0.31 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2, 3, and 7, Maine State 
map. 

Hot Pond, on the Penobscot-Piscataquis County line, between T. 6, R. 7, and 
T. 6, R. 6; outlet, through Seboeis River to East Branch of Penobscot River; length 
(approximate), 1 mile; maximum width, two-thirds mile; area of water surface, 0.30 
square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Hot Brook Lake, Washington County, T. 8, R. 4, and Aroostook County, Bancroft 
Township; inlets, 2 short unnamed streams from the south; outlet, through Baskahe- 
gan Stream to Mattawamkeag River (tributary to Penobscot River) ; length (approxi- 
mate), 4 miles; maximum width, 1 mile; area of water surface, 2.53 square miles; 
drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Ho thole Brook, Hancock County; rises in central Orland Township, at an eleva- 
tion of 320 feet; flows northwestward into Hothole Pond (outlet to Dead River, which 
flows into Orland River, a tributary of Penobscot River); tributaries, several 
unnamed streams from the east; length (approximate), 3 miles; total fall, about 
285 feet; drainage area not measured. Orland sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Hothole Pond, Hancock County, northern Orland Township; inlets, Hothole 
Brook and an unnamed stream on the north about 2 miles long; outlet, Dead River 
to Orland River (tributary to Penobscot River); elevation, 35 feet; length, about one- 
half mile; maximum width, one-fourth mile; area of water surface, 0.09 square mile; 
drainage area not measured. Orland sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Hot Pistol Pond, Penobscot County, T. 3, N. D.; inlet, the overflow of Second 
Pistol Pond; outlet, through Passadumkeag River to Penobscot River; length (approx- 
imate). If miles; maximum width, 1 mile; area of water surface, 1.34 square miles; 
drainage area not measured. Sheet 7, Maine State map. 

Houston Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in Houston Pond in T. 7, R. 9; flows 
eastward to West Branch of Pleasant River (tributary to Pleasant River, which is tribu- 
tary to the Piscataquis, a branch of Penobscot River) ; receives the flow of an unnamed 
stream from the south; length (approximate), 6 miles; drainage area not measured. 
Sheets 2, 3, 6, and 7, Maine State map. 

Houston Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 7, R. 9; inlet, the overflow of Benson Ponds 
and one short unnamed stream from the north; outlet, through Houston Brook to West 
Branch of Pleasant River (tributary to Pleasant River, which is tributary to the Piscat- 
aquis, a branch of Penobscot River); length (approximate), 2 miles; maximum width, 
about 1| miles; approximate area of water surface, 1.19 square miles; present storage, 
13 feet; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2, 3, 6, and 7, Maine State map. 

Hoyt Brook, Penobscot County; rises in northern Lagrange Township; flows south- 
eastward to Penobscot River; no tributaries; length (approximate), 12 miles; drain- 
age area not measured. Sheet 7, Maine State map. 

Hudson Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 6, R. 10 W. E. L. S.; inlets, two small 
streams from north; dam at outlet; outlet, by short stream into Webster Brook (tribu- 
tary to East Branch of Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.16 square mile; 
drainage area not measured . 

Hurd Pond, Hancock County, northwestern Dedham Township; inlet, an unnamed 
stream 2 miles long, the outlet of Moulton Pond; outlet, to Phillips Lake (outlet to 
Long Pond, which has outlet through Moosehorn Creek to Dead River, a tributary of 
Orland River, which flows to the Penobscot); elevation, 274 feet; between the point 
of outlet and its entrance to Phillips Lake, a distance of less than one-half mile, 
the fall is 51 feet; length (approximate), one-half mile; maximum width, less than 



244 WATEE EESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

one-fourth mile; area of "water surface, 0.06 square mile; drainage area not m'^asured. 
Orland sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Hurd Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 2, R. 10 W. E. L. S.; inlets, two small streams 
from the northwest and two small streams from the southwest; dam at outlet; outlet, 
by small stream into West Branch of Penobscot River; area of water surface, 1.05 
Square miles; drainage area not measured. 

Hurd Pond Piscataquis County, T. 6, R. 15; inlets, two small unnamed streams 
from the north and east; outlet, to Loon Lake, to Caucomgomuc Lake (tributary to Ches- 
uncook Lake on West Branch of Penobscot River); length (approximate), two-thirds 
mile; maximum width, about one-half mile; area of water surface, 0l76 square mile; 
drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Hurricane Brook, Somerset County; rises in T. 5, R. 20; flows southeastward to 
its junction with Dole Brook (tributary of North Branch of Penobscot River, a tribu- 
tary of West Branch of the Penobscot); no tributaries; length, about 3 miles; drain- 
age area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Hurricane Pond, Somerset County, T. 5, R. 20 W. E. L, S, ; inlets, two short streams 
from the north, one from -the east, and one from the west; outlet, by Hurricane Brook 
into Dole Brook, thence into North Branch of Penobscot River (tributary to West 
Branch of Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0,5 square mile; drainage areas 
are not measured. 

Hussey Pond, Piscataquis County, Blanchard; outlet, by short stream into Thorn 
Brook and South Branch of Piscataquis River (tributary to Penobscot River) ; area of 
water surface, 0.06 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Jackson Brook Lake, Aroostook County, on boundary between Brookton Town- 
ship and T. 10, R. 3; outlet, to Baskahegan Lake (outlet through Baskahegan Stream 
to Mattawamkeag River, which flows into Penobscot River); length (approximate), 
2 miles; maximum width, less than 1 mile; area of water surface, 1.08 square miles; 
drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Jackson Pond, Piscataquis County, on boundary between T. 3, R. 10, and T. 3, R. 
11; inlet, an unnamed stream from the west; outlet, to Kidney Pond (outlet to Sourd- 
nahunk Stream, which flows to West Branch of Penobscot River) ; length (approxi- 
mate), one-fourth mile; maximum width, one-fourth mile; area of water surface, 0.03 
square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Jacob Buck Pond, Hancock County, north-central Bucksport Township; inlet, a 
brook less than one-fourth mile long from the north; outlet, a stream about 2^ miles 
long, whose junction with the outlet of Williams Pond forms an unnamed tributary 
flowing into Orland River (tributary to Penobscot River); elevation, 205 feet; between 
point of outlet and junction with Williams Pond outlet, a distance of 2^ miles, there 
is a fall of about 155 feet; length (approximate), three-fourths mile; maximum width, 
less than three-fourths mile; area of water surface, 0.29 square mile; drainage area not 
measured, Orland and Bucksport sheets, U.S.G.S, 

Jenkins Brook, Washington County; rises in T. 8, R. 3; flows southward and south- 
eastward to Baskahegan Lake (outlet through Baskahegan Stream to Mattawamkeag 
River, which flows into Penobscot River) ; receives the flow of four short unnamed 
streams; length (approximate), 6 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine 
State map, 

Jerry Pond, Penobscot County, Millinocket, T. 1 N., R. 7, and T. A, R. 7; outlet, 
an unnamed stream about 2^ miles long, which receives the flow of Schoodic Stream 
and which joins the West Branch of Penobscot River in the pond (about 1^ miles long), 
formed by the dam about IJ miles below the outlet of Shad Pond; length (approxi- 
mate), li miles; maximum width, about one-half mile; area of water surface, 0.12 
square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Joe Mary Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in a small unnamed pond in south- 
western part of T. A, R. 10; flows eastward and northeastward to Uj^per Joe Mary 



GAZETTEER OP RIVERS, LAKES, AND PONDS. 245 

Lake (outlet through Middle and Lower Joe Mary to Pemadumcook Lake on West 
Branch of Penobscot River) ; receives the flow of perhaps five unnamed streams ; length 
(approximate), 3| miles; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State 
map. 

Joe Mary Lakes; see Upper Joe Mary Lake, Middle Joe Mary Lake, and Lower Joe 
Mary Lake. 

Jones Pond, Penobscot County, Ts. 7 and 8, R. 8; outlet, through Seboeis Lake 
and Grand Lakes to Seboeia River (tributary to East Branch of Penobscot River) ; re- 
ceives the flow of several unnamed streams; length (approximate), five-eighths mile; 
maximum width, about one-half mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine 
State map. 

Jones Pond, Somerset County, central Bald Mountain Township (T. 4, R. 3); 
outlet a small stream about 3^ miles long, flowing north to Bald Brook (tributary to 
South Branch of Penobscot, which flows into the West Branch of Penobscot River) ; 
length (approximate), 1 mile; maximum width, one-third mile; area of water surface, 
0.62 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Katahdin Lake, Penobscot County, T. 3, R. 8; inlets, three small unnamed 
streams; outlet, through Katahdin Stream to Wassataquoik Stream (tributary to East 
Branch of Penobscot River); length (approximate), 1^ miles; maximum width, about 
seven-eighths mile; approximate area of water surface, 1.02 square miles; drainage 
area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Katahdin Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 2, R. 9; outlet, to Compass and River 
Ponds, which discharge to West Branch of Penobscot River; length (approximate), 2 
miles; maximum width, less than 1 mile; approximate area of water surface, 0,64 
square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State map. 

Katahdin Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 3, R. 10 W. E. L. S.; inlets, short stream 
from the north, which is outlet of Elbow Pond, stream from east and one from south; 
outlet, by Katahdin Stream to West Branch of Penobscot River; area of water surface, 
0.03 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Katahdin Stream, Penobscot County; rises in Katahdin Lake in T. 3, R. 8; 
flows westward to Wassataquoik Stream (tributary to East Branch of Penobscot River); 
receives the flow of an unnamed stream from the south; length (approximate), 3 
miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Kelly Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 2, R. 12 W. E. L. S.; inlet, small stream from 
southeast; outlet, by Caribou Stream to Caribou Lake, thence by Chesuncook Lake to 
West Branch of Penobscot River; area of water surface, 0.08 square mile; drainage area 
not measured. 

Kenduskeag River, Penobscot County; rises in eastern Dexter Township; flows 
southeastward through Pleasant and Mill ponds in Garland township, and through 
Corinth, Kenduskeag, Glenbury, and Bangor townships to Penobscot River; besides 
the overflow of Pleasant and Mill ponds, it receives the flow of Baker and Lancaster 
brooks. Black Stream, and innumerable short unnamed streams; length (approxi- 
mate), 35 miles. Drainage area at mouth and including all of the drainage of Black 
Stream, 214 square miles. A number of years ago an artificial cut was made for log 
driving through a low divide between Souadabscook Stream and Black Stream, entering 
the Kenduskeag about 7 miles above Bangor. During high stages in the Souadabs- 
cook a portion of its waters finds its way through the artificial cut into the Kenduskeag. 
At low stages in the Souadabscook all the flow continues down its own channel. It 
is behoved that all of the flow of the Black Stream is into the Kenduskeag and none 
into the Souadabscook. Gaging station near Bangor. See page 96 of this report. 
Sheets 3 and 7, Maine State map. 

Kidney Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 3, R. 10; inlet, from Rocky Pond; outlet, 
to Sourdnahunk Stream (tributary to West Branch of Penobscot River) ; length (approx- 



246 WATER RESOtJRCES OE PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

imate), one-fourth mile; maximum width, one-fourth mile; area of water surface, 
0.03 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Kingsbury Pond, Somerset County, Mayfield and Brighton Place townships; 
inlets, the overflow of Hayden Pond from the north, besides three short unnamed 
streams and a small unnamed pond ; outlet, through South Branch of Piscataquis River 
to Piscataquis River (tributary to Penobscot River); length (approximate), 2^ miles; 
maximum width, three-fourths mile ; approximate area of water surface, 0.91 square 
mile; present storage, 10 feet; more storage available; drainage area not measured. 
Sheets 3 and 7, Maine State map. 

Kingsley Stream, Penobscot County; rises in extreme southern Etna Township; 
flows with two sharp bends in a general northeasterly course to its junction with 
Souadabscook Stream (tributary to Penobscot River); receives the flow of three 
unnamed streams; length, about 2 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheets Nos. 
3 and 7, Maine State map. 

Knowlton Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 3, R. 10 W. E. L. S.; inlets, three streams 
from the north; outlet, by Foss Brook into West Branch of Penobscot River; area 
of water surface, 0.06 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

■'"''^•ncaster Brook, Penobscot County; rises in extreme southern part of Hudson 
'^>i'^"'.''.^hip, at an elevation of 150 feet; flows southeastward to Kenduskeag Stream 
^ "^"bdtary to Penobscot River); receives the flow of a short unnamed stream from the 
east; length (approximate), 4^ miles; total fall, 50 feet; drainage area not measured. 
Bangor sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Lane Brook, Somerset County; rises in east-central Hammond Township; flows 
south westward to its junction with South Branch of Penobscot River (tributary to West 
Branch of Penobscot River); in the upper part of its course it flows through two small 
unnamed ponds; length, about 7 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine 
State map. 

Lane Brook, Somerset County; rises in a small unnamed pond in T. 4, R. 18; 
flows southward and eastward to its junction with North Branch of Penobscot River, 
whose union with the South Branch forms the West Branch of Penobscot River; 
receives the overflow of Foley Pond from the northwest and a short unnamed stream 
in the upper part of its course; length (approximate), 3| miles; drainage area not 
measured. See also Big Lane Brook. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Leadbetter Ponds (2), Piscataquis County, T. 7, R. 11, and T. 7, R. 12; outlets, 
two short unnamed streams which join, forming a stream about 3 miles long that 
enters Chamberlain Lake (outlet through Round Pond and Telos Lake to Webster 
Brook, which flows through Grand Lakes to East Branch of Penobscot River); 
each pond is about three-fourths mile long and one-half mile wide ; area of water sur- 
face of pond in R. 11, 0.28 square mile; of pond in R. 12, 0.07 square mile; drainage 
area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State map. 

Leavitt Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 1, R. 11 W. E. L. S.; inlet, short stream 
from the northwest; outlet, by Pratt Brook into Mud Pond, thence by Cooper Brook 
through Jo-Mary and Pemadumcook Lakes into West Branch of Penobscot River; 
area of water surface, 0.08 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Lilly Pond, Aroostook County, Moro Plantation; outlet, by small stream to Alder # 
Brook and West Branch of Mattawamkeag River (tributary to Mattawamkeag River, 
which flows into Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.02 square mile; drainage 
area not measured. 

Lily Pad Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 3, R. 10 W. E. L. S.; inlets, one short 
stream from west and outlet stream of Beaver Pond; outlet, by short stream into 
Sourdnahunk Stream (tributary to West Branch of Penobscot River) ; area of water 
surface, 0.01 square mile; drainage area not measured. 



GAZETTEER OF RIVERS, LAKES, AND PONDS. 247 

Little Birch Stream, Penobscot County; rises in eastern Bradley Township; flows 
northwestward to Sunkhaze Stream (tributary to Penobscot River); receives the flow 
of a short unnamed stream from the east about 1^ miles from its mouth; length 
(approximate), 6 miles; drainage area not measured. Orono sheet, U.S.G.S., and 
sheet 7, Maine State map. 

Little Eskatassis Pond, Penobscot County, Burlington; inlet, short stream from 
north; outlet, by short stream to Eskatassis Pond, thence by short stream to Passa- 
dumkeag River (tributary to Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.13 square 
mile; drainage area not measured. 

Littlefield Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 6, R. 9 W. E. L. S.; outlet, by short 
stream into Trout Stream, thence into Grand Lake, East Branch of Penobscot River; 
area of water surface, 0.02 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Little Hastings Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 6, R. 9 N. W. P.; outlet, by short 
brook into Hastings Brook (tributary to West Branch of Penobscot River) ; area of 
water surface, 0.04 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Little Lane Brook, Somerset County; rises in T. 4, R. 17; flows southeastward to 
its junction with North Branch Penobscot River (tributary to West Branch of Peno^ 
scot River) ; receive^ the flow of an unnamed stream about 3 miles long from the 
length about 5 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Little Lane Stream, Somerset County; rises in T. 4, R. 18; flows southward to 
North Branch of Penobscot River (tributary to West Branch of Penobscot River); 
receives in the upper part of its course the flow of two small streams; length, about 
7^ miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Little Lobster Lake, Piscataquis County, T. 3, R. 14; inlets, two small streams 
from the north and northeast; outlet, a short stream about IJ miles long emptying into 
Lobster Lake (outlet to West Branch of Penobscot River); length (approximate), 1 
mile; maximum width, one-half mile; area of water surface, 0.38 square mile; drain- 
age area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Little Lyford Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 7, R. 10 N. W. P.; outlet, by small 
stream through Big Lyford Pond to West Branch of Pleasant River, thence through 
Pleasant River to Piscataquis River (tributary to Penobscot River); area of water 
surface, 0.02 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Little Madagascal Pond, Penobscot County, Lee and T. 3, R. 1 N. B. P. P.; 
inlet, short stream from southeast; outlet, by short stream through Madagascal Pond 
to Madagascal Stream and Passadumkeag River (tributary to Penobscot River); area 
of water surface, 0.2 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Little Pine Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 3, R. 14; outlet, a small unnamed stream 
to West Branch of Penobscot River; length (approximate), one-half mile; maximum 
width, about one-third mile; area of water surface, 0.13 square mile; drainage area 
not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Little Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 7, R. 12; outlet to Chamberlain Lake, which 
has outlet through Round Pond and Telos Lake to Webster Brook, which flows through 
Grand Lakes to East Branch of Penobscot River; length (approximate), three-fourths 
mile; maximum width three-fourths mile; area of water surface, 0.49 square mile; 
drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State map. 

Little Pond, Hancock County, southwestern Orland Township; outlet to Meadow 
Brook, which flows through Alamoosook Lake to Orland River (tributary to Penobscot 
River); elevation, 80 feet; practically no difference in elevation between point of 
outlet and junction with Meadow Brook; length, about three-eighths mile; width 
(approximate), one-eighth mile; drainage area not measured. Orland sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Little Pushaw Pond, Penobscot County, on boundary between Corinth and Hud- 
son townships; inlet, Pushaw Stream, which flows through the pond to Stillwater 
River (west channel of Penobscot River); maximum width, 1 mile; approximate 



248 WATER RESOURCES OE PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

area of water surface, 0.68 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheets 3 and 
7, Maine State map. 

Little Round Pond, Penobscot County, Lincoln; outlet, by short stream to Cold 
Stream Pond, thence through Cold Stream to Passadumkeag River (tributary to Penob- 
scot River); area of water surface, 0.14 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Little Scot Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in T. 5, R. 14; flows northeastward 
to its junction with Caucomgomuc Stream (tributary to Chesuncook Lake on West 
Branch of the Penobscot) ; receives the flow of several short unnamed streams from the 
west* length (approximate), 6 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine 
State map. 

Little Seboeis River, Penobscot County; rises in T. 4, R. 7; flows southwestward 
to East Branch of Penobscot River; receives the flow of several unnamed streams; 
length (approximate), 7 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State 
map. 

Little Wilson Pond, Piscataquis County, Greenville; outlet, by short stream 
through Wilson Pond into Wilson Stream, Sebec Lake, into Sebec River (tributary 
to Piscataquis River, which flows into Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.08 
square mile ; drainage area not measured . 

Little Wilson Stream, Piscataquis County; rises in central Shirley Township; 
flows eastward to Wilson Stream (tributary through Sebec Lake to Sebec River, a trib- 
utary of the Piscataquis, which in turn flows into Penobscot River); no tributaries; 
length (approximate), 7 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2, 3, and 7, Maine 
State map. 

Lobster Lake, Piscataquis County, Northeast Carry, T. 3, R. 14, East Middlesex, 
and X towns; inlets, streams from Little Lobster Lake and Cranberry and Duck 
ponds; outlet, a small stream on the north about 2 miles long flowing into West Branch 
of Penobscot River; length (approximate), 4| miles; maximum width, about 2 miles; 
approximate area of water surface, 4.80 square miles; an island about IJ miles long 
and three-fourths mile wide lies in the center of this lake; drainage area not measured. 
Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Logan Brook, Somerset County; rises in T. 4, R. 17; flows southeastward into 
Seboomook Lake on West Branch of Penobscot River; no tributaries; length (approxi- 
mate), 6^ miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Long Lake, Aroostook County, Oakfield; inlets, small streams through Spaulding 
Lake on the east; outlet, through short stream to East Branch of Mattawamkeag River 
(tributary to Mattawamkeag River, which flows into Penobscot River); area of water 
surface, 0.24 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Long Pond, Hancock County, northeastern Bucksport Township; inlets, Phillips 
Lake outlet (northern), Copeland Brook, and several small unnamed streams; outlet, 
Moosehorn Creek to Dead River (tributary to Orland River, which flows to Penobscot 
River); elevation, 66 feet; length, about 2^ miles; maximum width, less than one-half 
mile; area of water surface, 0.41 square mile; drainage area not measured. Orland 
sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Long Pond, Penobscot County, extreme northern part of Lincoln Township; inlet, 
the overflow of Caribou Pond; outlet, through a number of unnamed ponds to Penob- 
scot River; length (approximate), 1^ miles; maximum width, one-half mile; approxi- 
mate area of water surface, 0.69 square mile; controlled by a dam; drainage area not 
measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Long Pond, Piscataquis County, Bowdoin College grant, EUiottsville (T. 8, R 9), 
and T. 7, R. 9; inlets, the overflow of Hedgehog Pond from the west and an unnamed 
pond from the east; outlet, through Long Pond Stream, Onawa Lake to Sebec Lake 
(outlet by Sebec River to the Piscataquis, a tributary of the Penobscot); length 
(approximate), a little less than 3 miles; maximum width, about 1 mile; approximate 



GAZETTEER OF RIVERS, LAKES, AND PONDS. 249 

area of water surface, 3.08 square miles; about 4 feet storage available; drainage 
area not measured. Sheets 2, 3, and 7, Maine State map. 

Long Pond, Piscataquis County, on boundary between T. 1, R. 11, and T. A, R. 11; 
inlet, the overflow of a small pond from the north; outlet, from the west, through 
Wadleigh and Rainbow ponds into Nahmakanta Lake (outlet to Pemadumcook Lake 
on West Branch of Penobscot River) ; length (approximate), 2 miles; maximum width, 
about one-half mile; area of water surface, 0.50 square mile; drainage area not meas- 
ured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State map. 

Long Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 6, R. 9 W. E. L, S.; inlet, short stream from 
north; outlet, short stream into Trout Stream, thence into Grand Lake, East Branch of 
Penobscot River; area of water surface, 0.06 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Long Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 8, R. 10 N. W. P.; inlet, stream from Brown, 
Fourth, Burden, and Crooked Ponds; outlet, by Onawa Stream to Sebec Lake and 
Sebec River (tributary to Piscataquis River, which flows into Penobscot River); 
area of water surface, 0.62 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Long Pond, Somerset County, central Dole Township (T. 3, R. 5); outlet, from the 
north to Dole Pond, to Dole Brook, which empties into North Branch of Penob- 
scot River (tributary to West Branch of Penobscot River); length (approximate), 1| 
miles; maximum width, one-half mile; area of water surface, 0.46 square mile; 
drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Long Pond Stream, Piscataquis County; rises in Long Pond in northeastern 
Elliottsville Township; flows south westward for about 5 miles, then turns and flows 
southeastward through Onawa and Sebec lakes to Sebec River (tributary to the Pis- 
cataquis, a branch of Penobscot River) ; receives the overflow of Onawa Lake and two 
or three unnamed streams; length (approximate), 15 miles; drainage area not meas- 
ured. Sheets 2, 3, and 7, Maine State map. 

Longley Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in T. 6, R. 13; flows southeastward to 
its junction with Umbazooksus Stream (tributary to Chesuncook Lake on West Branch 
of Penobscot River); no tributaries; length (approximate), about 1^ miles; drainage 
area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Longley Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 6, R. 13; inlet, a small unnamed stream 
about 1 mile long from the west; outlet, to Umbazooksus Lake (outlet, Umbazooksus 
Stream to Chesuncook Lake on West Branch of Penobscot River) ; length (approxi- 
mate), 1^ miles; maximum width, little less than 1 mile; approximate area of water 
surface, 0.80 square mile; present storage, 7 feet; drainage area not measured. Sheet 
2, Maine State map. 

Loon Lake, Piscataquis County, T. 6, R. 15; inlets, Whitney Brook, from the east, 
the overflow of Hurd Pond from the north, and two short unnamed streams from the 
south; outlet. Loon Stream to Caucomgomuc Lake (outlet to Chesuncook Lake on West 
Branch of Penobscot River); length (approximate), 5 miles; maximum width, about 
three-fourths mile; approximate area of water surface, 1.59 square miles; dam feasible; 
drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Loon Stream, Piscataquis County; rises in Loon Lake, T. 6, R. 15; flows northeast- 
ward and northward into Caucomgomuc Lake (outlet to Chesuncook Lake on West 
Branch of Penobscot River); receives the flow of Scott Brook from the south; length 
(approximate), 3 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, ]V[aine State map. 

Lord Brook, Hancock County; rises in T. 3, N. D.; flows southwestward about 1 
mile, then turns and flows northward to Passadumkeag River (tributary to Penobscot 
River); receives the flow of a short unnamed stream about 1 mile from its source; 
length (approximate), 6 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 7, Maine State 
map. 

Lords Brook, Penobscot County, southeastern Summit Township; flows northwest- 
ward to Passadumkeag River (tributary to Penobscot River); receives the flow of 



250 WATER RESOtTKCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

several short unnamed streams; length (approximate), 5^ miles; drainage area not 
measured. Sheet 7, Maine State map. 

Lost Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 3, R. 10; inlet, a small unnamed stream from 
the north; outlet, to West Branch of Penobscot River; length (approximate), one- 
fourth mile; maximum width, one-eighth mile; area of water surface, 0.03 square mile; 
drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Lost Pond, Piscataquis County, on boundary between T. 7, R. 12, T. 7, R. 13, 
and T. 6, R. 13; outlet to Chamberlain Lake (outlet through Round Pond, Telos Lake 
to Webster Brook, which flows through Grand Lakes to East Branch of Penobscot 
River); approximate length, one-third mile; maximum width, one-fourth mile; area 
of water surface, 0.07 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, 
Maine State map. 

Lower Hastings Brook, Aroostook County; rises in T. 7, R. 4; flows southward 
and south westward to West Branch of Mattawamkeag River (tributary to Mattawam- 
keag River, which flows into Penobscot River); receives the flow of an unnamed 
stream from the west about 5| miles long; length (approximate), 7 miles; drainage 
area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Lower Joe Mary Lake, Piscataquis County, T. 1, R. 10, T. 1, R. 9, and T. A, R. 
10; inlet, the overflow of Middle Joe Mary Lake; outlet, to Pemadumcook Lake on 
West Branch of Penobscot River; length (approximate), 3^ miles; maximum width, 
three-fourths mile; approximate area of water surface, 3.56 square miles; drainage 
area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State map. 

Lunksoos Brook, Penobscot County; rises in an unnamed pond in T. 4, R. 7; flows 
southeastward to East Branch of Penobscot River; receives the flow of a short unnamed 
stream; length (approximate), 2^ miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine 
State map. 

Lunksoos Pond, Penobscot County, T. 4, R. 7 W. E. L. S.; outlet, by short stream 
into East Branch of Penobscot River; area of water surface, 0.72 square mile; drainage 
area not measured. 

Lyf ord Pond; see Big Lyford Pond. 

McGann Bog, Hancock County, northern Bucksport Township; a small pond; 
inlet, the drainage of the bog in which it lies; outlet, Copeland Brook to Long Pond 
(outlet through Moosehorn Creek to Dead River, which flows into Orland River, a 
branch of Penobscot River); elevation, 180 feet; between point of outlet and junction 
with Long Pond, a distance of about three-fourths mile, the fall is about 60 feet; 
length, about one-eighth mile; width (approximate), one-eighth mile; area of water 
surface, 0.02 square mile; drainage area not measured. Orland sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Macwahoc Lake, Aroostook County, Shermand and T. 3, R. 4 W. E. L. S.; inlets, 
two small streams from north; outlet, by Macwahoc Stream to Molunkus Stream 
(tributary to Mattawamkeag River which flows into Penobscot River); area of water 
surface, 0.59 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Madagascal Pond, Penobscot County, northeastern Burlington Township; inlet, 
Coffee Brook; outlet, through Madagascal Stream to Passadumkeag River (tributary 
to Penobscot River); length (approximate), 1^ miles; maximum width, 1 mile; 
approximate area of water surface, 0.99 square mile; present storage, 7 feet; drainage 
area not measured. Sheet 7, Maine State map. 

Madagascal Stream, Penobscot County; rises in Madagascal Pond in northeastern 
Burlington Township; flows generally southward to its junction with Passadumkeag 
River (tributary to Penobscot River); receives the flow of a short unnamed stream 
about 4 miles from its source; length (approximate), 9 miles; drainage area not meas- 
ured. Sheet 7, Maine State map. 

ManseU Pond, Penobscot County, Alton; outlet, by short stream into McKechnie 
Brook and Birch Stream (tributary to Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.08 
square mile; drainage area not measured. 



GAZETTEER OF RIVERS, LAKES, AND PONDS. 251 

Marble Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in Marble Pond in central Blanchard 
Township; flows southeastward to Piscataquis River (tributary to Penobscot River); 
receives the flow of Bog Stream from the north, besides that of an unnamed pond from 
the south and a short unnamed stream from the northwest; length (approximate), 5 
miles; drainage area not measured. Sheets 3 and 7, Maine State map. 

Marble Pond, Penobscot County, T. 5, R. 8 W. E. L. S.; outlet, short stream into 
Bowlin Pond, thence by Bowlin Stream into East Branch of Penobscot River; area of 
water surface, 0.06 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Marble Pond, Piscataquis County, western Blanchard Township; inlet, from Bald 
Mountain Pond; outlet, through Marble Brook to Piscataquis River (tributary to 
Penobscot River); length (approximate), one-third mile; maximum width, one-third 
mile; drainage area not measured. Sheets 3 and 7, Maine State map. 

Marr Pond, Piscataquis County, north-central Sangerville Township; inlet, a short 
unnamed stream from the west; outlet, through Black Stream to Piscataquis River 
(tributary to Penobscot River); length (approximate), three-fourths mile; maximum 
width, less than one-half mile; area of water surface, 0.14 square mile; drainage area 
not measured. Sheets 3 and 7, Maine State map. 

Marsh Brook; see Big Marsh Brook. 

Marsh River, Waldo County; rises in central Searsport Township, at an elevation 
of 580 feet; flows southeastward for 3 miles of its course, then turns abruptly and flows 
northwestward for about 6 miles with numerous bends and sharp turns, thence almost 
due north (with the exception of one great bend) for about 4 miles through a stretch 
of swamp land to its junction with Marsh Creek (tributary to Marsh Bay on Penobscot 
River); receives the flow of about 9 unnamed streams; length (approximate), 13 miles; 
total fall, 580 feet; drainage area not measured. Bucksport sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Marsh Stream, Waldo County; rises in northern Jackson Township; flows south- 
westward with numerous bends through Jackson, Monroe, Frankfort, and Winterport 
Townships to its junction with Marsh River in Marsh Bay, on Penobscot River; tribu- 
taries, Moulton Stream, North Branch, the outlet of Toddy Pond (Swanville Town- 
ship) and perhaps five unnamed streams; length, about 19^ miles; drainage area not 
measured. Sheets Nos. 3 and 7, Maine State map. 

Mattagondas Stream, Penobscot County; rises in north -central Carroll Township; 
flows in a rather circuitous course generally northwestward to Mattawamkeag Stream 
(tributary to Penobscot River); receives about four unnamed streams; length (approx- 
imate), 17 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Mattakeunk Pond, Penobscot County, southwestern Lee Township; inlets, two 
short unnamed streams; outlet, through Mattakeunk Stream to Mattawamkeag River 
(tributary to Penobscot River); length (approximate), 2 miles; maximum width, 1^ 
miles; approximate area of water surface, 0.81 square mile; controlled by a dam; 
drainage area not measured. Sheets 6 and 7, Maine State map. 

Mattakeunk Stream, Penobscot County; rises in a small unnamed pond in east- 
ern Springfield Township ; flows northwestward to Mattawamkeag River (tributary to 
Penobscot River); receives three unnamed streams; length (approximate), 15 miles; 
drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Mattamiscontis Lakes (2 connected), Penobscot County, T. 3, R. 9; each pond 
receives the flow of a short stream about 1^ miles long; outlet, Mattamiscontis Stream 
to Penobscot River; length (approximate) of lake farthest north, 2 miles; maximum 
width, 1 mile; length (approximate) of southernmost lake, 1^ miles; maximum width, 
1 mile; area of water surface, upper pond, 2.95 square miles; lower pond, 1.18 square 
miles; drainage area not measured. Sheets 6 and 7, Maine State map, 

Mattamiscontis Stream, Penobscot County; rises in Mattamiscontis Lakes in 
T. 3, R. 9; flows slightly southeastward into Penobscot River in Mattamiscontis 
Township; tributaries, Sam Ayers Stream and Big Marsh Brook and stream from 



252 

South Branch Lake; length (approximate), 10 miles; drainage area not measured. 
Sheets 6 and 7, Maine State map. 

Mattanacook Pond, Penobscot County, western Lincoln Township; inlets. Dead 
Stream from the east and the overflow from Crooked, Folson, and Upper ponds from 
the southeast; outlet, Mattanacook Stream to Penobscot River in northwestern Ches- 
ter Township; length (approximate), IJ miles; maximum width, three-fourths mile; 
approximate area of water surface, 0.54 square mile; controlled by a dam; drainage 
area not measured. Sheets 6 and 7, Maine State map. 

Mattanacook Stream, Penobscot County; rises in the pond of the same name; 
flows northwestward to Penobscot River; no tributaries; length (approximate), 1^ 
miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Mattaseunk Lake, Aroostook County, Molunkus Township (T, A, R. 5); inlets, 
Whyman and Carlton brooks from the north; outlet, Mattaseunk Stream to Penobscot 
River; length (approximate), 3 miles; maximum width, less than 1 mile; approximate 
area of water surface, 1.51 square miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine 
State map. 

Mattaseunk Stream, Aroostook County; rises in Mattaseunk Lake; flows south- 
ward and south westward to Penobscot River; one tributary, unnamed stream from 
the east; length (approximate), 4 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine 
State map. 

Mattawamkeag Lake, Aroostook County, Island Falls and T. 4, R. 3; inlet, 
West Branch Mattawamkeag River, which flows through the lake to Mattawamkeag 
River (tributary to Penobscot River); length (approximate), 6^ miles; maximum 
width, 2 J miles; approximate area of water surface, 6.02 square miles; present stor- 
age, 9 feet; additional available storage, 1 foot; drainage area not measured. Sheet 
6, Maine State map. 

Mattawamkeag River is formed by the junction of its East and west branches 
in Haynesville Township, Aroostook County; flows southeastward through Aroostook 
and Washington counties to Penobscot River; receives the flow of Scraggrook and Big 
Battle brooks, Baskahegan Stream, Smith, Bog, Hawkins, and Finn brooks, Wytopit- 
lock Stream, Mud Brook, Mattagondas and Molunkus streams, Gordon Brook and 
Mattakeunk Stream; length (approximate), from the junction of its East and West 
branches, 45 miles; drainage area, about 1,500 square miles. Gaging station at Mat- 
tawamkeag. See pages 68 and 158 of this report. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Mattawamkeag River, East Branch; see East Branch of Mattawamkeag. 

Mattawamkeag River, West Branch; see West Branch of Mattamawkeag . 

Meadow Brook, Hancock County; rises in northern Penobscot Township, at an 
elevation of 160 feet; flows northwestward through a stretch of swamp land and enters 
Alamoosook Lake (outlet to Orland River, which flows to Penobscot River); tributa- 
ries, six unnamed streams and stream from Little Pond; length, about 5^ miles; total 
fall, about 140 feet; drainage area not measured. Orland sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Meadow Brook, Penobscot County; rises in T. 2, R. 7; flows southeastward to 
East Branch of Penobscot River; receives the flow of three small unnamed streams; 
length (approximate), 5^ miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State 
map. 

Messer Pond, Penobscot County, T. 5, R. 8 W. E. L. S.; outlet, by Little Spring 
Brook into Big Spring Brook (tributary to East Branch of Penobscot River); area of 
water surface, 0.07 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Medunkeunk Lake, Penobscot County, T. 2, R. 9; outlet, Medunkeunk Stream 
to Penobscot River; length (approximate), 1\ miles; maximum width, a little more 
than 1 mile; approximate area of water sufrace, 0.46 square mile; drainage area not 
measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Medunkeunk Stream, Penobscot County; rises in Nedunkeunk Lake in T. 2, R. 
9; flows southward to Penobscot River in southwestern Chester Township; receives 



GAZETTEER OF RIVERS, LAKES, AND PONDS. 253 

the flow of perhaps four unnamed streams ranging in length from 3 to 8 miles; length 
(approximate), 12 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Middle Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in T. 5, R. 9; flows southward to East 
Branch of Pleasant River (tributary to Pleasant River, which flows into Piscataquis 
River, a branch of the Penobscot) ; receives from the west an unnamed stream about 
8 miles long; length (approximate), 4 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2, 
3, 6, and 7, Maine State map. 

Middle Joe Mary Lake, Penobscot County, Indian 3 Township; inlets, Pratt 
Brook and overflow of Upper Joe Mary Lake; outlet, through Lower Joe Mary Lake 
to Pemadumcook Lake on West Branch Penobscot River; length (approximate), 3 
miles; maximum width, about 1 mile; approximate area of water surface, 1.65 square 
miles; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State map. 

Mile Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 8, R. 14; outlet, through AUagash Stream and 
AUagash Lake to Chamberlain Lake (outlet through Round Pond and Telos Lake to 
Webster Brook, which flows through Grand Lakes to East Branch of Penobscot River); 
length (approximate), three-fourths mile; maximum width, one-fourth mile; area of 
water surface, 0.20 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine 
State map. 

MiU Brook, Penobscot County; rises in T. 3, R. 7; flows southward to East Branch 
of Penobscot River; receives the flow of Swift and Hay brooks, besides that of nine 
unnamed streams; length, about 12 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine 
State map. 

Mill Creek, Penobscot County; rises in Sweets Pond in southern Orrington Town- 
ship, at an elevation of 188 feet; flows northwestward for about 1 mile, then south- 
westward to Penobscot River; receives the flow of about 5 unnamed streams; length 
(approximate), 5 miles; total fall, 127 feet; drainage area not measured. Bucksport 
sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Mill Pond, Penobscot County, south-central Garland Township; inlet, a short 
unnamed stream from the north and Kenduskeag River, which flows through it to 
Penobscot River; length (approximate), 1 mile; maximum width, one-third mile; 
area of water surface, 0.15 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheets 3 and 7, 
Maine State map. 

Mill Stream, Hancock County; rises in west-central Bucksport Township, at an 
elevation of 200 feet; flows southeastward about 1^ miles, thence almost directly south 
through about 1 mile of swamp land, entering Silver Lake, through which it flows to 
its junction with Penobscot River at the town of Bucksport; before passing through 
Silver Lake it receives the flow of two small unnamed streams; length (approximate), 5 
miles; total fall, 200 feet; drainage area not measured. Bucksport sheet, U.S.G.S, 

Mill Stream, Piscataquis County; rises in western Parkman Township; flows north- 
eastward through Harlow and North West ponds to Piscataquis River (tributary to 
Penobscot River) ; receives the flow of about five short unnamed streams and the over- 
flow of North West and Harlow ponds; length (approximate), 10 miles; drainage area 
not measured. Sheets 3 and 7, Maine State map. 

Millinocket Lake, Piscataquis County, Tps. 1 and 2, R. 9, and Penobscot County, 
Tps. 1 and 2, R. 8; inlets. Big Mud Brook, Sandy Stream, Grant Brook, and overflow 
of Bottle Pond; outlet, Millinocket Stream to Shad Pond on West Branch of Penobscot 
River; at extreme high water overflows into Ambejejus Lake. This lake is extremely 
irregular in shape and rugged in outline; average length, about 4^ miles; maximum 
width, about 4 miles; approximate area of water surface, 13.95 square miles; controlled 
by a dam; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Millinocket Stream, Penobscot County; rises in Millinocket Lake in T. 1, R. 8; 
flows in a slight southeasterly direction to Shad Pond on West Branch of Penobscot River; 
receives the flow of Smith Brook and several unnamed streams from the west, besides 



254 

a large part of the flow of Quakish Lake when the canal is in operation (see p. 33 of this 
report); length (approximate), 7^ miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine 
State map. 

Mink Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 2, R. 9 W. E. L. S.; inlet, one short stream 
from the north; outlet, by Katahdin Pond, thence by Sandy Stream through Milli- 
nocket Lake and Millinocket Stream into West Branch of Penobscot River; area of 
water surface, 0.04 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Mitchell Pond, Hancock County, southwestern Dedham Township; outlet, to 
Phillips Lake (outlet through Phillips Lake outlet to Long Pond, which has outlet 
through Moosehorn Creek to Dead River, a tributary of Orland River, which flows into 
Penobscot River); elevation, 587 feet; between point of outlet and entrance to Phil- 
lips Lake, a distance of about 2 miles, there is a fall of 364 feet; length, about one- 
eighth mile; width (approximate), about one-eighth mile; area of water surface, 0.02 
square mile; drainage area not measured. Orland sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Mohawk Brook, Penobscot County; rises in northeastern Charleston Township, 
flows southeastward to Pushaw Stream (tributary to Stillwater River, the west channel 
of Penobscot River at Orson and Marsh islands); receives two short unnamed streams 
in the extreme upper part of its course; length (approximate), 12 miles; drainage area 
not measured. Sheets 3 and 7, Maine State map. 

Molunkus Lake, Aroostook County, Tps. 1, R. 5, and A, R. 5 (Molunkus); inlets; 
Hersey Brook and several short unnamed streams; outlet, a stream 1 mile long flowing 
southeastward to Molunkus Stream (tributary to Mattawamkeag River, .which flows 
into Penobscot River); length (approximate), S^ miles; maximum width, 1 mile; 
approximate area of water surface, 1.59 square miles; drainage area not measured. 
Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Molunkus Stream, Penobscot County; rises in southeastern Patten Township; 
flows southeastward through Aroostook County to its junction with Mattawamkeag 
River (tributary to Penobscot River) in Washington County; receives the overflow 
of Plunket Pond and Molunkus Lake, besides that of many short unnamed streams; 
length (approximate), 35 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State 
map. 

Monson Pond, Piscataquis County, north-central Monson Township; inlet from 
Spectacle Pond; outlet to Davis Stream (tributary to Wilson Stream, which flows 
thence through Sebec Lake to Sebec River, a tributary of Piscataquis River, which 
flows into Penobscot River); length (approximate), 1 mile; maximum width, three- 
fourths mile; approximate area of water surface, 0.51 square mile; several feet of stor- 
age available; drainage area not measured. Sheets 3 and 7, Maine State map. 

Moose Pond, Piscataquis County; on boundary between T. 5, R. 13, and T. 5, R. 
12; inlets, overflow from Cuxabexis Lake and Duck Pond; outlet, to Chesuncook 
Lake on West Branch of Penobscot River; length (approximate), about 1| miles; max- 
imum width, about two-thirds mile; area of water surface, 0.54 square miles; drain- 
age area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Moosehorn Creek, Hancock County; rises in Long Pond, in northeastern Bucks- 
port Township, at an elevation of 66 feet; flows southward through a bog to its junction 
with Dead River (tributary to Orland River, which flows into Penobscot River); 
tributaries, two unnamed streams and stream from Hancock Pond; length, about 2^ 
miles; total fall, approximately 31 feet; drainage area not measured. Orland sheet, 
U.S.G.S. 

Moosehorn Stream, Piscataquis County; rises in a small unnamed pond in T. 3, 
R. 14; flows north and northwestward to its junction with West Branch of Penobscot 
River; receives the flow of two small unnamed streams from the east; length (approxi- 
mate), 3^ miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Mortson Brook, Penobscot County; rises in southeastern Summit Township; 
flows west of south to Olamon Stream (tributary to Penobscot River); receives the 



GAZETTEER OF RIVERS, LAKES, AND PONDS. 255 

flow of a short unnamed stream from the east; length (approximate), 5 miles; drain- 
age area not measured. Sheet 7, Maine State map. 

Moulton Pond, Hancock County, Bucksport and Dedham Townships; outlet, to 
Hurd Pond (outlet to Phillips Lake and through north outlet of Phillips Lake to Long 
Pond, which has outlet through Moosehorn Creek to Dead River, a tributary of Orland 
River, which in turn flows into Penobscot River); elevation, 473 feet; between the 
point of outlet and entrance to Hurd Pond, a distance of about 2 miles, there is a fall 
of about 200 feet; length (approximate), one-half mile; maximum width, less than 
one-fourth mile; area of water surface, 0.07 square mile; drainage area not measured. 
Orland sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Moulton Stream, Waldo County; rises in west-central Jackson Township; flows 
southwestward about 2^ miles to its junction with Marsh Stream (tributary to Penob- 
scot River); receives the flow of two unnamed streams; length (approximate), 4 J 
miles; drainage area not measured. Sheets Nos. 3 and 7, Maine State map. 

Mountain Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 8, R. 10 N. W. P. and T. A. R. 13 W. E. 
L. S.; outlet, by short stream into Upper Wilson Pond, Wilson Stream, Sebec Lake 
and Sebec River (tributary to Piscataquis River, which flows into Penobscot River); 
area of water surface, 0.20 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Mountain Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 8, R. 10 N. W. P.; inlet, short stream 
from north; outlet, by short stream to West Branch of Pleasant River (tributary to 
Piscataquis River, 'which flows into Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.05 
square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Mud Brook, Penobscot County; rises in central Prentiss Township; flows north- 
westward about 3 miles, thence turns and flows northeastward through Mud Lake to 
Mattawamkeag River (tributary to Penobscot River) ; receives the flow of two unnamed 
streams; length (approximate), 6 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine 
State map. 

Mud Brook. See Big Mud Brook. 

Mud Lake, Penobscot County, southern Drew Township (T. 7, R. 4); inlet. Mud 
Brook, which flows through the lake to Mattawamkeag River (tributary to Penobscot 
River); length (approximate), 1 mile; maximum width, three-fourths mile; approxi- 
mate area of water surface, 0.21 square mile; present storage, 8 feet; drainage area 
not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Mud Pond, Aroostook County, Oakfield, and T. 4, R. 3; inlet, a very small unnamed 
stream from the south; outlet, through Skiticook Lake to East Branch of Mattawam- 
keag River (tributary to Mattawamkeag River, which flows into Penobscot River) ; 
length (approximate), one-fourth mile; maximum width, one-eighth mile; area of 
water surface, 0.24 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State 
map. 

Mud Pond, Aroostook and Penobscot Counties, Moro PI. and T. 6, R. 6 W. E. L. S.; 
inlet, small stream through Pleasant Pond on west; outlet, by West Branch of Matta- 
wamkeag River through Rockabema Lake to Mattawamkeag River (tributary to Pen- 
obscot River); area of water surface, 0.16 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Mud Pond, Hancock County, Bucksport Township; elevation, 173 feet; inlet, 
from Browns Pond to the south; outlet, through Brewer and Fields ponds to Sedge- 
unkedunk River (tributary to Penobscot River); between point of outlet and entrance 
to Brewer Pond, a distance less than three-fourths mile, there is a fall of 66 feet; 
area of water surface, 0.05 rquare mile; drainage area not measured. Orland, Bucks- 
port, and Bangor sheets, U.S.G.S. 

Mud Pond, Hancock County, Dedham Township; outlet, to Second Pond (outlet 
to Phillips Lake, whose north outlet passes to Long Pond, which has outlet through 
Moosehorn Creek to Dead River, a tributary of Orland River, which flows into Pe- 
nobscot River); elevation, 420 feet; between its outlet and the point where it enters 



256 WATEK KESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Second Pond, a distance of approximately one-fourth mile, there is a fall of 45 feet; 
length (approximate), one-fourth mile; width, about one-sixteenth mile; area of 
water surface, 0.02 square mile; drainage area not measured. Orland sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Mud Pond, Penobscot County, T. 7, R. 8; outlet, through Second Lake to East 
Branch of Penobscot River; length (approximate), 1 mile; maximum width, one-half 
mile; area of water surface, 0.06 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, 
Maine State map. 

Mud Pond, Penobscot County, T. 6, R. 8; inlets, three small unnamed streams 
from the west; outlet, through Sawtelle Brook to Seboeis River (tributary to East 
Branch of Penobscot River); length (approximate), 2 miles; maximum width, about 
three-fourths mile; area af water surface, 0.58 square mile; drainage area not meas- 
ured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Mud Pond, Penobscot County, west-central Oldtown Township; elevation, 117 
feet; outlet, a short unnamed stream to Pushaw Stream (tributary to Stillwater River, 
the west channel of Penobscot River); length (approximate), IJ miles; maximum 
width, three-fourths mile; approximate area of water surface, 0.54 square mile; drain- 
age area not measured. Bangor and Orono sheets, U.S.G.S. 

Mud Pond, Piscataquis County, Ts. 1 and 2, R. 13; inlet, a small unnamed stream 
from the south about one-half mile long; outlet, an unnamed stream about 1^ 
miles long from the north, flowing into Black Stream (tributary through Ragged 
Stream to Caribou Lake, which discharges to Chesuncook Lake on West Branch of 
Penobscot River) ; length (approximate), one-half mile; maximum width, about one- 
eighth mile; area of water surface, 0.08 square mile; drainage area not measured. 
Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Mud Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 4, R. 12; inlets, three small unnamed streams 
from the north, southeast, and south; outlet, a small unnamed stream about 2 miles 
long, flowing into Chesuncook Lake on West Branch of Penobscot River; length 
(approximate), IJ miles; maximum width, about 1 mile; area of water surface, 0,90 
square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Mud Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 6, R. 12; inlets, two short unnamed streams; 
outlet, to Chamberlain Lake (outlet through Round Pond and Telos Lake to Webster 
Brook, which flows through Grand Lakes to East Branch of Penobscot River) ; approxi- 
mate length, 1 mile; maximum width, three-fourths mile; area of water surface, 0.97 
square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State map. 

Mud Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 7, R. 8 N. W. P.; outlet, by short stream into 
Long Pond through Sebec Lake into Sebec River (tributary to Piscataquis River, 
which flows into Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.10 square mile; drainage 
area not measured. 

Mud Pond, Piscataquis County, Ts. A and 1, R. 10 W. E. L. S.; inlets, short 
stream from north, short stream from west, and Pratt Brook from west; outlet, by 
short stream into Cooper Brook through Middle Joe Mary Lake, Lower Joe Mary Lake, 
Pemadumcook Lake, into West Branch of Penobscot River; area of water surface, 0.46 
square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Mud Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 9, R. 15; inlet, the overflow of Crescent Pond; 
outlet, a short unnamed stream emptying into Allagash Stream (tributary through 
AUagash Lake to Chamberlain Lake, which has outlet through Round Pond and Teloa 
Lake to Webster Brook, which flows through Grand Lakes to East Branch of Penobscot 
River); length (approximate), 1 mile; maximum width, three-fourths mile; approxi- 
mate area of water surface, 0.26 square miles; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 
and 6, Maine State map. 

Muskrat Ponds, Piscataquis County, T. 1, R. 11 W. E. L. S.; inlets, short stream 
from west and outlet stream of Penobscot Pond from south; outlet, through Wadleigh 
Pond, PoUywog Pond. Nahmakanta Stream into Pemadumcook Lake and West 



I 



KES, AND PONDS. 257 

Branch Penobscot River; area of water surface, 0.14 square mile; drainage area not 
measured. 

Nahmakanta Lake, Piscataquis County, Tps. 1 and 2, R. 11; inlets, Bean Brook 
and overflow from Rainbow Lake, besides the flow of several small unnamed streams; 
outlet, Nahmakanta Stream to Pemadumcook Lake on West Branch of Penobscot 
River; length (approximate), 3^ miles; maximum width, about seven-eighths mile; 
approximate area of water surface, 2.32 square miles; present storage, 8 feet; drainage 
area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State map. 

Nahmakanta Stream, Piscataquis County; rises in Nahmakanta Lake, in T. 1, 
R, 11; flows westward to Pemadumcook Lake on West Branch Penobscot River; 
receives the flow of Tumble Down Dick Stream from the south; length (approximate), 
3i miles; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State map. 

Narrow Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 8, R. 14; outlet to Allagash Stream (tribu- 
tary through Allagash Lake to Chamberlain Lake, which has outlet through Round 
Pond and Telos Lake to Webster Brook, and thence through Grand Lake to East 
Branch of Penobscot River); length (approximate), IJ miles; maximum width, one- 
third mile; area of water surface, 0.32 square mile; drainage area not measured. 
Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State naap. 

Nicatous Lake, Penobscot County, Tps. 3 N. D., 40 M. D., and 41 M. D.; inlets. 
Duck Stream and streams from West and Gassabias lakes and Porter Pond; outlet, 
through Nicatous Stream to Passadumkeag River (tributary to Penobscot River); 
length (approximate), 7^ miles; approximate area of water surface, 8.82 square miles; 
present storage, 10 feet; drainage area not measured. Sheet 7, Maine State map. 

Nicatous Stream, Penobscot County; rises in Nicatous Lake in T. 3 N. D.; flows 
northwestward to Passadumkeag River (tributary to Penobscot River); no tributa- 
ries; length (approximate), 4^ miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 7, Maine 
State map. 

Niger Stream, Somerset County; rises in T. 4, R. 16; flows southeastward to Seboo- 
mook Lake on West Branch of Penobscot River; no tributaries; length, about 6 miles; 
drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

No. 3 Pond, Penobscot County, T. 3, R. 1; outlet, through Passadumkeag River 
to Penobscot River; length (approximate), 1^ miles; maximum width, three-fourths 
mile; approximate area of water surface, 0.76 square mile; drainage area not measured. 
Sheets 6 and 7, Maine State map. 

No. 4 Pond, Piscataquis County, Willimantic; outlet, by short stream through 
Davis Pond and Wilson Stream to Sebec Lake and Sebec River (tributary to Pis- 
cataquis River, which flows into Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.04 square 
mile; drainage area not measured. 

NoUesemic Lake, Penobscot County, Hopkins Academy and Long A towns; outlet, 
an unnamed stream about 3 miles long flowing to Shad Pond on West Branch of 
Penobscot River; length (approximate), 2^ miles; maximum width, one-half mile at 
its northern end; approximate area of water surface, 1.10 square miles; drainage area 
not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

North Branch of Marsh Stream, Waldo County; rises in southern Knox Town- 
ship; flows northwest through Knox, Brooks, Monroe, and Frankfort Townships to its 
junction with Marsh Stream (tributary to Penobscot River); in addition to the flow 
of perhaps six small unnamed streams, it receives the^ overflow from Round, Thistle, 
and Toddy (Swansville Township) ponds; length, about 15 miles; drainage area not 
measured. Sheets 3 and 7, Maine State map. 

North Branch of Penobscot River, Somerset County; rises in T. 6, R. 19; flows 

southeastward to its junction with South Branch of Penobscot River to form the West 

Branch of Penobscot River; principal tributaries. Northeast Branch of Penobscot 

River, Norris Brook, Truesdale Pond, Dole Brook, and Lane Brook; length, about 26 

15042°— wsp 279—12 17 



258 WATEK EESOUECES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

miles; drainage area above junction with South Branch, 272 square miles. Sheet 2, 
Maine State map. 

North Branch of Sunkhaze Stream, Hancock County; rises near boundary 
between Amherst and 32 MD. townships; flows northwestward to Sunkhaze Stream 
(tributary to Penobscot River) ; receives the flow of a short unnamed stream about 1 
mile from its source; length (approximate), 12 miles; drainage area not measured. 
Sheet 7, Maine State map. 

Northeast Branch of Penobscot River, Somerset County; rises in T. 6, R. 18; 
for the first 6 miles of its course flows in an easterly direction, and after passing through 
Abaconetie Bog flows in a general southwesterly direction to its junction with North 
Branch of Penobscot River (tributary to West Branch of the Penobscot) in T. 5, R. 18; 
it receives the flow of about 12 unnamed streams ranging in length from 1 mile to 4 miles; 
length, about 15 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Northwest Pond, Piscataquis County, on boundary between Parkman and 
Sangerville townships; inlet. Mill Stream, which flows through the pond to Pisca- 
taquis River (tributary to Penobscot River); length (approximate), If miles; maxi- 
mum width, li miles; area of water surface, 0.67 square mile; drainage area not 
measured. Sheets 3 and 7, Maine State map. 

Northwest Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 4, R. 9; connected by a "thoroughfare" 
with Seboeis Lake (outlet through Seboeis Stream and Endless Lake to Piscataquis 
River, which flows into the Penobscot); area of water surface included in Seboeis 
Lake. See page 183 of this report. 

Nulhedus Brook, Somerset County; rises in Nulhedus Pond, in T. 4, R. 16; flows 
southward into Seboomook Lake on West Branch of Penobscot River; receives the 
flow of an unnamed stream about 5 miles long from the west; length, about 4| miles; 
drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Nulhedus Pond, Somerset County, T. 4, R. 16; inlets, two small unnamed streams 
from the west; outlet, Nulhedus Brook to Seboomook Lake on West Branch of Penob- 
scot River; length (approximate), 1 J miles; maximum width, one-half mile; approxi- 
mate area of water surface, 0.72 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, 
Maine State map. 

Nutupsemic Brook, Penobscot County; rises in T. 7, R. 6; flows southwesterly 
to the outlet of Hot Pond, entering Seboeis River (tributary to East Branch of Penob- 
scot River); receives the flow of one unnamed stream about 5 miles long from the east; 
length (approximate), 6 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State 
map. 

Oakes Bog, Piscataquis County, Shirley; outlet, by short stream into Bog Stream, 
Bald" Mountain Stream, North Branch of Piscataquis River (tributary to Penobscot 
River); area of water surface, 0.08 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Olamon Stream, Penobscot County; rises in southern Greenfield Township; flows 
northwestward to Penobscot River in northern Greenwich Township; receives the 
flow of Mortson Brook about 1^ miles from its source, besides that of several short 
unnamed streams; length, about 15 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 7, 
Maine State map. 

Onawa Lake, Piscataquis County, southeastern EUiottsville Township; inlets, 
Long Pond Stream and overflow from Greenwood Pond, besides a short unnamed 
stream from the north; outlet,* Long Pond Stream to Sebec Lake (outlet to Sebec 
River, which is tributary to the Piscataquis, a branch of Penobscot River); length 
(approximate), 3| miles; maximum width, 11 miles; approximate area of water sur- 
face, 2.22 square miles; controlled by a dam; additional storage available, 10 feet; 
drainage area not measured. Sheets 2, 3, and 7, Maine State map. 

Orland River, Hancock County; rises in Toddy Pond, Orland Township, at an 
elevation of 158 feet; flows northwestward about 3 miles, passing through Alamoo- 
eook Lake, and 1 mile below turns abruptly and flows southward to Penobscot River; 



GAZETTEER OF RIVERS, LAKES, AND PONDS. 259 

principal tributaries, Meadow Brook and Dead River, both of which enter Alamoo- 
eook Lake, and Phillips Lake outlet (northern); length, about 8 miles; total fall, 
about 108 feet; drainage area not measured. Orland sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Otter Chain Ponds, Penobscot County, southwestern Milford Township; eleva- 
tion, 100 feet; inlet, a short unnamed stream from the east; outlet, through a short 
unnamed stream to Penobscot River in northwestern Bradley Township; largest pond 
is a little less than 1 mile long and less than one-sixteenth mile wide; drainage area 
not measured. Orono sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Otter Pond, Aroostook County, T. 3, R. 4; inlet, a small unnamed stream on the 
south; outlet, through Caribou Lake and Sly Brook to West Branch of Mattawamkeag 
River (tributary to Mattawamkeag River, which flows into the Penobscot); length 
(approximate), two-thirds mile; area of water surface, 0.16 square mile; drainage 
area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Otter Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 8, R. 14 W. E. L. S.; outlet, by short stream 
into Allagash Stream, thence through Allagash Lake into Chesuncook Lake (tribu- 
tary to East Branch of Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.02 square mile; 
drainage area not measured. 

Parks Pond, Penobscot County, central Clifton Township; elevation, 255 feet; has 
two outlets, the northern passing through Great Works Stream to Penobscot River and 
the western through Chemo Pond to Blackman Stream, and thence to Penobscot River; 
length (approximate), one-half mile; maximum width, one-fourth mile; area of 
water surface, 0.10 square mile; drainage area not measured. Oronos heet, U.S.G.S., 
and sheet 7, Maine State map. 

Passadumkeag River, Penobscot County; rises in southeastern Lee Township; 
flows in an extremely circuitous course, generally southward, and thence westward 
to join the Penobscot in Passadumkeag Township; receives the waters of No. 3 Pond, 
Brown Brook, Taylor Brook, Spring Pond, and Hot Pistol Pond, Nicatous Stream, 
Trout Brook, Lord Brook, Madagascal Stream, of Eskatassis Ponds, Lords Brook, and 
Cold Stream; length (approximate), 38 miles; drainage area, 383 square miles. Sheets 
6 and 7, Maine State map. 

Passamagormuc Lake, Piscataquis County, T. 1, Rs. 9 and 10 W. E. L. S.; inlets, 
four short streams from west; outlet, by short stream into West Branch of Penobscot 
River; area of water surface, 0.44 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Patten Pond, Penobscot County, Newburg and Hampden townships; inlet, a 
small unnamed stream from the south; outlet, an unnamed stream about 1| miles long, 
flowing to Ben Annis Pond (outlet to Hermon Pond and Souadabscook River, which 
flows into Penobscot River); elevation, 130 feet above sea level; between point of 
outlet and Ben Annis Pond, a distance of about 1^ miles through a bog, there is about 
8 feet fall; maximum width, about one-third mile; length (approximate), one-third 
mile; area of water surface^ 0.06 square mile; drainage area not measured. Bucksport 
and Bangor sheets, U.S.G.S. 

Peaked Mountain Pond, Penobscot County, T. 4, R. 7 W. E. L. S.; outlet, by 
short stream into Seboeis River (tributary East Branch of Penobscot River); area of 
water surface, 0.05 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Pemadumcook Lake, Piscataquis County, T. 1, Rs. 9 and 10, and Penobscot 
County, Indian 3 Township; inlets, Nahmakanta Stream, Joe Mary Lake outlet, and 
West Branch of the Penobscot, through Ambejejus Lake; outlet, West Branch of 
Penobscot River, through North and South Twin lakes; length (approximate), about 
4 miles; maximum width, about 1| miles; approximate area of water surface, including 
North and South Twin and Ambejejus lakes, 24.9 square miles; present storage, 25 
feet; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State map. 

Penobscot Lake, Somerset County, Hammond, Prentiss, and Dole townships and 
T. 4, R. 5; inlet, a small stream about two-thirds mile long from an unnamed pond in 



260 WATEK EESOUKCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

T. 4, R. 5; outlet, to South Branch of Penobscot River (tributary to West Branch of 
Penobscot River); maximum width, about 1 mile; approximate area of water surface, 
1.96 square miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Penobscot Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 1, R. 11, and T. 1, R. 12; inlets, two small 
unnamed streams from the northwest and southwest; outlet, through Wadleigh and 
Rainbow ponds to Nahmakanta Lake (outlet to Pemadumcook Lake on West Branch of 
Penobscot River); length (approximate), IJ miles; maximum width, about one-half 
mile; approximate area of water surface, 0.62 square mile; drainage area not measured. 
Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State map. 

Penobscot River, formed at Medway, Penobscot County, by union of East and 
West Branches; the West Branch, which may be considered the continuation of the 
main stream, is formed by the union of the North and South Branches in T. 2, R. 4, 
Somerset county, flows in a general northeasterly direction to the head of Chesuncook 
Lake, then takes a general southeasterly course to its junction with the East Branch; 
the length of the West Branch above the junction is about 100 miles, and in this dis- 
tance it traverses Seeboomook, Chesuncook, and Pemadumcook lakes and receives 
the waters of numerous smaller lakes and streams; below Medway the course of the 
river is southward to Penobscot Bay; principal tributaries, Kenduskeag, Pushaw, 
Piscataquis, Passadumkeag, and East Branch of Penobscot River, besides the over- 
flow of almost 500 lakes, most of which are small; length (approximate), about 200 
miles; total fall, from source to mouth, about 2,000 feet; drainage area, above its 
mouth to Sandy Point, about 8,785 square miles. . Gaging stations at Millinocket, 
West Enfield, and Sunkhaze Rip. Orland, Orono, Bucksport, Bangor, and Penob- 
scot Bay sheets, U.S.G.S., and Maine State map (sheets 2, 3, 6, and 7). 

Penobscot River, East Branch; see East Branch of Penobscot River. 

Penobscot River, North Branch; see North Branch of Penobscot River. 

Penobscot River, South Branch; see South Branch of Penobscot River. 

Perry Pond, Penobscot County, T. 5, R. 7 W, E. L. S.; inlets, two short streams 
from west, one from north; outlet, by short stream into Seboeis River (tributary 
East Branch of Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.59 square mile; drainage 
area not measured. 

Phillips Lake, Hancock County, west-central Dedham Township; inlets, overflow 
from Mitchell, Moulton, Hurd, Mud, and Second ponds, and several small unnamed 
streams; two outlets; the greater part of the water flows from the north end of the 
lake northward as far as East Holden, thence southward through Long Pond, which 
has outlet through Moosehorn Creek to Dead River, which flows into Orland River, 
which is tributary to Penobscot River; the length of this outlet is 18 miles; the outlet 
at the southeast end of the lake carries water during medium and high stages into 
Green Lake, which discharges thence into Union River; elevation, 223 feet; dimen- 
sions of lake, about 1 mile wide by 1^ miles long; area of water surface of lake, 1.41 
square miles; drainage area, 11.5 square miles. Gaging stations in Holden and Ded- 
ham. See pages 99 and 145 of this report. Orland sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Phillips Lake outlet (northern), Hancock County, in northwestern Dedham Town- 
ship; rises in Phillips Lake, at an elevation of 223 feet; flows from a point about 1 
mile south of East Holden northwestward through Dedham Township, along the county 
line between Hancock and Penobscot counties, crossing into Holden Township, then 
makes a very abrupt bend and flows southwesterly nearly parallel to the Penobscot- 
Hancock County line, recrossing it and passing through the extreme western portion 
of Dedham Township into Bucksport Township, and entering Long Pond (outlet 
through Moosehorn Creek to Dead River, which is tributary to Orland River, which 
flows into the Penobscot); from Phillips Lake to the point where it enters Long Pond, 
the stream measures about 6 miles, and along this distance receives the flow of George, 
Hanson, and Saulter Ponds and several unnamed streams: total fall between the 



GAZETTEEK OF KIVERS, LAKES, AND PONDS. 261 

points above mentioned, about 157 feet; for drainage area, see Phillips Lake, pages 
99 and 145 of this report. Gaging station at Dedham. Orland sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Picked Mountain Pond, on the Penobscot-Aroostook County line between T. 6, 
R. 6, and Moro Township; inlet, a small unnamed stream; outlet, through Rockabema 
Lake to West Branch of Mattawamkeag River (tributary to Mattawamkeag River, 
which flows into Penobscot River); length (approximate), 1 mile; maximum width, 
one-half mile; area of water surface, 0.21 square mile; drainage area not measured. 
Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Pickerel Lake, Penobscot County, Lowell; outlet, by Eskatassis Stream into Passa- 
dumkeag River (tributary to Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.04 square 
mile; drainage area not measured. 

. Pickerel Lake, Washington County, northern Topsfield Township; outlet to Bas- 
kahegan Lake (outlet through Baskahegan Stream to Mattawamkeag River, which 
flows into Penobscot River); length (approximate), one-half mile; maximum width, 
one-half mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Pickerel Pond, Penobscot County, Alton; inlet, short stream from south; outlet, 
by Ten Mile Brook to Birch Stream (tributary to Penobscot River); area of water 
.surface, 0.10 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Pine Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 3, R. 13; inlet, a small unnamed stream from 
the west; outlet, Pine Stream to West Branch of Penobscot River; length (approxi- 
mate), less than 1 mile; maximum width, about two-thirds mile; area of water surface, 
0,22 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Pine Stream, Piscataquis County; rises in Pine Pond in T. 3, R. 13; flows north- 
ward to its junction with West Branch of Penobscot River; receives the flow of Round 
and Little Pine ponds, besides that of perhaps nine other small unnamed streams; 
length (approximate), 12 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State 
map. 

Piper Pond, Piscataquis County, western Abbot Township; inlet, a short stream 
from the north; outlet, through Thorn Brook to South Branch of Piscataquis River 
(tributary to Piscataquis River, which flows into Penobscot River); length (approxi- 
mate), 2| miles; maximum width, IJ miles; approximate area of water surface, 0.79 
square miles; dam feasible; drainage area not measured. Sheets 3 and 7, Maine State 
map. 

Piscataquis River, Piscataquis County; rises in Little Squaw Township; flows 
southeastward for about 25 miles, then turns and flows somewhat east of north to its 
junction with Penobscot River in Howland Township, Penobscot County; tributaries, 
Marble Brook, South Branch of the Piscataquis, Mill Stream, Black Stream, Alder 
Brook, Alder Stream, Sebec River, Pleasant River, Schoodic Stream, and Seboeis 
Stream, and the overflow of Greenleaf, Garland, Dow, and Adams Farm ponds; 
length (approximate), 65 miles; drainage area, at mouth, 1,500 square miles. Gaging 
station near Foxcroft." See pages 80, 143, 161, and 181 of this report. Sheets 2, 3, 6, 
and 7, Maine State map. 

Pistol Ponds; see Hot Pistol Pond, Side Pistol Pond, Second Pistol Pond, and Third 
Pistol Pond. 

Pleasant Lake, Aroostook County, Island Falls Township and T. 4, R. 3; outlet 
to East Branch of Mattawamkeag River (tributary to Mattawamkeag River, which flows 
into Penobscot River); length (approximate), 4 miles; maximum width, about 1 
mile; approximate area of water surface, 2.20 square miles; present storage, 4 feet; 
additional available storage, 8| feet; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine 
State map. 

Pleasant Pond, Penobscot County, T. 6, R. 6; outlet, through Rockabema Lake to 
West Branch of Mattawamkeag River (tributary to Mattawamkeag River, which flows 
into Penobscot River); length (approximate), 2 miles; maximum width, one-half 



262 WATEK RESOURCES OE PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

mile; area of water surface, 0.28 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, 
Maine State map. 

Pleasant Pond, Penobscot County, southwestern Garland Township; inlets, a 
short unnamed stream from the north and Kenduskeag River, which flows through 
the pond to Penobscot River in Bangor Township; length (approximate), one-fourth 
mile; maximum width, one-eighth mile; area of water surface, 0.11 square mile; 
drainage area not measured. Sheets 3 and 7, Maine State map. 

Pleasant Pond, Piscataquis County, Orneville; inlet, short stream from north; 
outlet, by Dead Stream into Pushaw Stream (tributary to Penobscot River); area of 
water surface, 0.14 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Pleasant River, Piscataquis County; formed by the junction of its East and West 
branches in T. 5, R. 8; flows generally southeastward to Piscataquis River (tributary 
to Penobscot River) in Milo Township; no tributaries below junction of East and 
West branches; length (approximate), 11 miles; drainage area, at mouth, 263 square 
miles. Sheets 2, 3, and 7, Maine State map. 

Pliinket Pond, Aroostook County, on boundary between Silver Ridge and Benedicta 
townships; inlet, a short stream from the northwest; outlet, through Molunkus Stream 
to Mattawamkeag River (tributary to Penobscot River); length (approximate), 1^ 
miles; maximum width, one-third mile; area of water surface, 0.62 square mile; 
drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Poland Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 7, R. 14; inlets, from an unnamed pond on 
the north and an unnamed stream from the west; outlet, an unnamed stream about 
2 miles long on the south to Round Pond (outlet by way of Caucomgomuc Lake to 
Chesuncook Lake on West Branch of Penobscot River); length (approximate), 1| miles; 
maximum width, one-half mile; area of water surface, 0.46 square mile; drainage 
area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Pollard Brook, Penobscot County; rises in extreme northeastern Lagrange Town- 
ship; flows southeastward to Penobscot River; receives the flow of a short unnamed 
stream from the northeast; length (approximate), 9 miles; drainage area not meas- 
ured. Sheets 6 and 7, Maine State map. 

Polljrwog Pond, Piscataquis County, Ts. 1 and 2, R. 11 and T. 1, R. 12 inlets, 
Pollywog Stream, Farrar Brook, and overflow of Wadleigh Pond; outlet, through 
Nahmakanta Stream to Nahmakanta Lake (outlet to Pemadumcook Lake on West 
Branch of Penobscot River); length (approximate), IJ miles; maximum width, about 
one-half mile; area of water surface, 0.70 square mile; drainage area not measm-ed. 
Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State map. 

Porter Pond, Penobscot County, T. 3 ND.; outlet, through Nicatous Lake to 
Nicatous Stream (tributary to Passadumkeag River, which flows into Penobscot 
River); length (approximate), three-fourths mile; maximum width, one-eighth mile; 
approximate area of water surface, 0.15 square mile; drainage area not measured. 
Sheet 7, Maine State map. 

Poverty Pond, Piscataquis County, southwestern Willimantic Township; outlet 
to Davis Stream (tributary to Wilson Stream, which flows through Sebec Lake to 
Sebec Stream, which joins the Piscataquis, a tributary of the Penobscot); length 
(approximate), one-third mile; maximum width, about one-fourth mile; area of 
water surface, 0.05 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheets 3 and 7, 
Maine State map. 

Pratt Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in Henderson Pond in T. 1, R. 11; flows 
westward through an unnamed pond in T. 1, R. 10, to Middle Joe Mary Lake (outlet 
through Lower Joe Mary Lake to Pemadumcook Lake on West Branch of Penobscot 
River); receives the flow of Cooper Brook from the southwest; length (approximate), 
7 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State map. 

Pudding Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 7, R. 8 N. W. P.; outlet, by short stream 
into Bear Brook, thence to Sebec Lake and Sebec River (tributary to Piscataquis 



GAZETTEER OF RIVERS, LAKES, AND PONDS. 263 

River, which flows into Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.05 square mile; 
drainage area not measured. 

Pug Pond, Penobscot County, Alton; outlet, by Pug Brook into Pushaw Stream 
(tributary to Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.10 square mile; drainage area 
not measured. 

Pushaw Lake, Penobscot County, Hudson, Glenburn, Oldtown, and Orono town- 
ships; elevation, 117 feet; inlets, three short unnamed streams from the west and 
Pushaw Stream from the north, which flows through the pond to Stillwater River, 
the west channel of the Penobscot near Oldtown; length (approximate), 8 miles; 
maximum width, 2^ miles; approximate area of water surface, 7.25 square miles; 
available storage, 3 to 5 feet; drainage area at outlet of lake, 125 square miles. See 
also Little Pushaw Pond. Bangor and Orono sheets, U.S.G.S., and sheets 3 and 7, 
Maine State map. 

Pushaw Stream, Penobscot County; rises in northern Charleston Township; flows 
southeastward through Little Pushaw and Pushaw ponds to Stillwater River, the west 
channel of Penobscot River at Marsh Island; receives the flow of Mohawk Brook and 
Dead Stream, besides the overflow of Little Pushaw, Pushaw, and Mud ponds; length 
(approximate), 24 miles; drainage area at mouth, 263 square miles. Sheets 3 and 7, 
Maine State map. 

Quaker Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in T. 4, R. 13; flows southeastward to 
Chesuncook Lake on West Branch of Penobscot River; receives the flow of two small 
unnamed streams from the southwest; length (approximate), 3 J miles; drainage area 
not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Quakish Lake, Penobscot County, central Purchase 4 Township; inlet, overflow 
from Elbow Lake; outlet, through Shad Pond to West Branch of Penobscot River (to 
Penobscot River) ; a canal constructed about 1909 leads most of the flow to Millinocket 
Stream, and thence to Shad Pond; when this canal is in operation the natural outlet 
of Quakish Lake is almost dry; length (approximate), about 2 miles; maximum width, 
less than 1 mile; approximate area of water surface, 1.70 square miles; drainage area, 
including all of West Branch down to dam at outlet of Quakish Lake, 1,880 square 
miles. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

E-agged Lake, Piscataquis County, Tps. 2 and 3, R. 13; inlet, a short stream 
less than one-half mile long from the north; outlet, Ragged Stream to Caribou 
Lake (outlet to Chesuncook Lake on West Branch of Penobscot River); length 
(approximate), 4^ miles; maximum width, IJ miles; approximate area of water sur- 
face, 3.24 square miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Ragged Stream, Piscataquis County; rises in Ragged Lake (see above); flows 
westward and northward to Caribou Lake (outlet to Chesuncook Lake on West Branch 
of Penobscot River) ; principal tributaries, Ragged Stream, Bear Brook, and overflow 
from Blackberry Pond; length (approximate), 6 miles; drainage area not measured. 
Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Ragmuff Stream., Piscataquis County; rises in T. 4, R. 15; flows westward to its 
junction with West Branch of Penobscot River; receives the flow of two unnamed 
streams from the north, about 2^ and 3 miles long, respectively; length (approximate), 
5 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Rainbow Lake, Piscataquis County, T. 2, R. 11; inlets, four small unnamed 
streams; outlet, an unnamed stream about 4 miles long entering Nahmakanta Lake 
(outlet to Pemadumcook Lake on West Branch of Penobspot River) ; length (approxi- 
mate), a little more than 3 miles; maximum width, about three-fourths mile; approxi- 
mate area of water surface, 2.30 square miles; present storage, 4 to 6 feet; drainage 
area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State map. 

Rainbow Stream, Piscataquis County, T. 2, R. 12; flows southeastward to Rainbow 
Pond (outlet to Nahmakanta Lake, which has outlet to Pemadumcook Lake on West 
Branch of Penobscot River); receives the flow of one small tributary from the north- 



264 WATEB EESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

west; length, about 4 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine 
State map. 

Rat Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 2, R. 9; outlet Grant Brook to Millinocket Lake 
(outlet to Shad Pond on West Branch of Penobscot River) ; length (approximate), one- 
half mile; maximum width, about one-half mile; area of water surface, 0.09 square 
mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Red Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in T. 5, R. 12; flows southwestward to 
Chesuncook Lake on West Branch of Penobscot River; receives the flow of perhaps four 
unnamed streams; length (approximate), 6 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 
2, Maine State map. 

Reeds Brook, Penobscot County; rises in southwestern Hampden Township, at 
an elevation of 200 feet; flows northwestward and westward into Penobscot River; 
receives the flow of two small unnamed streams; length (approximate), 2| miles; 
total fall, 180 feet; drainage area not measured. Bucksport sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Ripogenus Lake, Piscataquis County, T. 3, Rs. 11 and 12; inlets, Ripogenus 
Stream and overflow from Frost Pond and West Branch of Penobscot River, length 
(approximate), about 2^ miles; maximum width, one-half mile; approximate area of 
water surface, 1.27 square miles; present storage, 10 feet; additional available storage, 
40 feet; drainage area, including outlet, 1,410 square miles. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine 
State map. 

Ripogenus Stream, Piscataquis County; rises in Harrington Lake in T. 4, R. 11; 
flows southwestward and then southeastward to Ripogenus Lake on West Branch of 
Penobscot River; receives the flow of a number of unnamed streams from the west; 
length (approximate), about 6 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, 
Maine State map. 

River Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 2, R. 9; inlet, from Compass and Katahdin 
ponds; outlet, to West Branch of Penobscot River; length (approximate), one-third 
mile; maximum width, about one-fifth mile; area of water surface, 0.22 square mile; 
drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Roaring Brook Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 7, R. 9 N. W. P.; outlet, by Roaring 
Brook into Pleasant River and Piscataquis River (tributary to Penobscot River); 
area of water surface, 0.19 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Roberts Brook, Somerset County; rises in a small pond in T. 5, R. 20; flows 
southeastward to Dole Pond (outlet to North Branch of Penobscot River, which flows 
into West Branch of Penobscot River); length, about 4 miles; drainage area not 
measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map, 

Roberts Pond, Somerset County, T, 5, R. 20 W. E. L. S.; inlet, short stream from 
north; outlet, by Roberts Brook to Dole Brook into North Branch of Penobscot River 
(tributary to West Branch of Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.07 square mile; 
drainage area not measured. 

Rocky Pond, Piscataquis County, just south of boundary between T. 3, R. 11, and 
T. 2, R. 11; inlet, a short unnamed stream from the west; outlet, an unnamed stream 
about 2^ miles long flowing to West Branch of Penobscot River; length (approximate), 
one-half mile; maximum width, less than one-fourth mile; area of water surface, 
0.10 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Rockabema Lake, Aroostook County, Moro Township; inlets, overflow of Pleasant 
and Picked Mountain ponds from the west; outlet, to West Branch of Mattawamkeag 
River (tributary to Mattawamkeag River, which flows into the Penobscot); length 
(approximate), 1^ miles; maximum width, about five-eighths mile; approximate area 
of water surface, 0.64 square mile; present storage, 5 feet; several feet additional 
storage available; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Rocky Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 3, R. 10 W. E. L. S.; outlet, by short brook 
into Sourdnahunk Stream (tributary to West Branch of Penobscot River); area of 
water surface, 0,03 square mile; drainage area not measured. 



GAZETTEEE OF KIVEBS, LAKES, AND PONDS. 265 

E-ocky Pond, Piscataquis County, T. A, R. 11; inlets, two short unnamed streams 
from the north; outlet, to Crawford Pond (outlet to Cooper and Pratt brooks, which 
flow through Middle and Lower Joe Mary lakes to Pemadumcook Lake on West Branch 
of Penobscot River) ; length (approximate), seven-eighths mile; maximum width, about 
one-third mile; area of water surface, 0.28 square mile; drainage area not measured. 
Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State map, 

E.OSS Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 7, R. 15; outlet, a short stream about three- 
fourths mile long flowing from the southeast into Caucomgomuc Lake (outlet to 
Chesuncook Lake on West Branch of Penobscot River) ; length (approximate), IJ miles; 
maximum width, about one-half mile; area of water surface, 0.52 square mile; 
drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Round Pond, Piscataquis County, on boundary between T. 3, R. 13, and T. 3, 
R. 14; outlet, a small stream about one-half mile long flowing into West Branch of Pen- 
obscot River; length (approximate), one-half mile; maximum width, about one-third 
mile; area of water surface, 0.18 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, 
Maine State map. 

Round Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 6, R. 11; inlets, from Chamberlain Lake and 
one short unnamed stream from the west; outlet, to Telos Lake (outlet to Webster 
Brook, which flows through Grand Lakes to East Branch of Penobscot River; length 
(approximate), 1 mile; maximum width, 1 mile; approximate area of water surface, 
including Telos Lake, 3.85 square miles; present storage, 10 feet; additional storage 
available, 15 to 20 feet; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State 
map. • 

Round Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 7, R. 14; inlets, overflow from Poland and 
Daggett ponds; outlet, Ciss Stream to Caucomgomuc I^ake (outlet to Chesuncook 
Lake on West Branch of Penobscot River; length (approximate), 1 mile; maximum 
width, about three-fourths mile; area of water surface, 0.71 square mile; drainage 
area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Round Pond, Waldo County, southwestern Monroe Township; outlet, into North 
Branch of Marsh River (tributary to Marsh River, which flows to Penobscot River); 
length (approximate), one-fourth mile; maximum width, about one-fourth mile; 
drainage area not measured. Sheets Nos. 3 and 7, Maine State map. 

Rum Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 8, R. 10; inlet, a short unnamed stream from 
the north; outlet to Wilson Pond (outlet, Wilson Stream to Sebec Lake and Sebec 
River, which flows into Piscataquis River, a branch of the Penobscot) ; length (approx- 
imate), li miles; maximum width, 1 mile; area of water surface, 0.20 square mile; 
drainage area not measured. Sheets 2, 3, and 7, Maine State map. 

Russell Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in southern part of T. 5, R. 15; flows 
southeastward to Russell Pond (outlet to West Branch of Penobscot River) ; one tribu- 
tary — an unnamed stream about 1 mile long from the west in the extreme upper part 
of its course; length, about 4^ miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine 
State map. 

Russell Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 4, R. 15; inlets, Russell Brook from the 
north, an unnamed stream about 4| miles long from the east, and Russell Stream from 
the west, which flows through the pond to West Branch of Penobscot River; length 
(approximate), 2 miles; maximum width, a little less than 1 mile; area of water sur- 
face, 0.89 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Russell Pond, Somerset County, T. 5, R. 16; inlets, two small unnamed streams 
from the north and northeast; outlet, Russell Stream, from its southern end to West 
Branch of Penobscot River (to Penobscot River); length (approximate), about 1 mile; 
maximum width, about one-third mile; area of water surface, 0.26 square mile; 
drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Russell Stream, Somerset County; rises in Russell Pond in west-central T. 5, R. 
16; flows southeastward through Russell Pond in T. 4, R. 15, Piscataquis County, and 



266 WATER EESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE 



thence southward to West Branch Penobscot River; receives the flow of four unnamed 
streams from the east, ranging from 2 to 6 miles in length, and one small unnamed 
stream from the west about 1 mile below Russell Pond (T. 5, R. 16); length, about 
18 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Salmon Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in an unnamed pond in central Guil- 
ford Township; flows almost directly south through a small unnamed pond to Pisca- 
taquis River (tributary to Penobscot River); receives the flow of a small unnamed 
stream from the west; length (approximate), 4 miles; drainage area not measured. 
Sheets 3 and 7, Maine State map. 

Salmon Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in an unnamed pond in Barnard Town- 
ship; flows southward to Piscataquis River (tributary to Penobscot River); no trib- 
utaries; length (approximate), 2| miles; drainage area not measured. Sheets 3 and 
7, Maine State map. 

Salmon Stream, Penobscot County; rises in Salmon Stream Ponds in T. 1, R. 6; 
fl.ows southward to Penobscot River; receives the overflow of Davidson and Burnt 
ponds, besides that of many small unnamed streams; length (approximate), 11 miles; 
drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Salmon Stream Pond, Piscataquis County, Guilford; outlet, by Salmon Stream 
into Piscataquis River (tributary to Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.18 
square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Salmon Stream Ponds (3 connected), Penobscot County, T. 1, R. 6; inlets, a 
number of small unnamed streams; outlet, through Salmon Stream to Penobscot 
River; length (approximate) of largest pond, 2 miles; maximum width, two-thirds 
mile; approximate area of water surface, upper pond, 0.12 square mile; middle pond, 
0.86 square mile; lower pond, 0.17 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 
6, Maine State map. 

Sam Ayers Stream, Penobscot County; rises in T. 2, R. 9; flows southward and 
southwestward to Mattamiscontis Stream (tributary to Penobscot River); receives 
the flow of about four short unnamed streams; length (approximate), 12 miles; drain- 
age area not measured. Sheets 6 and 7, Maine State map. 

Sandy Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in T. 4, R. 11; flows southwestward and 
southward to Harrington Lake (outlet to Ripogenus Lake on West Branch of Penobscot 
River); receives the flow of two unnamed streams from the east; length (approxi- 
mate), 3^ miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Sandy Stream, Piscataquis County; rises in T. 3, R. 9; flows southeastward to 
Millinocket Lake (outlet to Shad Pond on West Branch of Penobscot River); receives 
the flow of Togue Stream and an unnamed stream about 4| miles long from the west; 
length (approximate), 9^ miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State 
map. 

Saponic Pond, Penobscot County, Burlington Township and T. 2, N. D.; inlet, 
from a small unnamed pond to the south and Passadumkeag River, which flows 
through the pond to Penobscot River; length (approximate), IJ miles; maximum 
width. If miles; approximate area of water surface, 1.05 square miles; drainage area 
not measured. Sheet 7, Maine State map. 

Saulter Pond, Hancock County, near the western boundary line of Dedham Town- 
ship; outlet, to Hanson Pond (outlet through Phillips Lake outlet (northern) to Long 
Pond, which has outlet through Moosehorn Creek to Dead River, a tributary of Orland 
River, which flows into Penobscot River); elevation, 253 feet; between point of out- 
let and entrance to Hanson Pond, a distance of about three-eighths mile, there is a 
fall of approximately 13 feet; length, about three-eighths mile; width (approximate), 
one-eighth mile; area of water surface, 0.02 square mile; drainage area not measured. 
Orland sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Sawtelle Brook, Penobscot County; rises in T. 7, R. 8; flows southeastward into 
Seboeis River (tributary to East Branch of Penobscot River); receives the overflow of 



r 



GAZETTEER OF RIVERS, LAKES, AND PONDS. 267 



Scraggley, Mud, and Hay ponds and Hay Lake, besides a number of small unnamed 
streams from the east; length (approximate), 12 miles; drainage area not measured. 
Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Schoodic Lake, Piscataquis County, T. 4, R. 8, and Medford Townships; outlet, 
through Schoodic Stream to Piscataquis River (tributary to Penobscot River) ; length 
(approximate), 8^ miles; maximum width, 2f miles; approximate area of water sur- 
face, 10.92 square miles; present storage, 4 feet; additional available storage, 3 feet; 
drainage area not measured. Sheets 6 and 7, Maine State map. 

Schoodic Stream, Penobscot County; rises in T. 1, R. 7; flows slightly southeast- 
ward, joining an unnamed stream, the outlet of Jerry Pond, which flows into West 
Branch of Penobscot River through the pond (about 1^ miles in extent) formed by the 
dam about 1^ miles below the outlet of Shad Pond; receives the flow of one small 
unnamed stream from the northeast; length (approximate), 4| miles; drainage area 
not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Schoodic Stream, Piscataquis County; rises in Schoodic Lake in southern Med- 
ford Township; flows southeastward to Piscataquis River (tributary to Penobscot 
River); receives the flow of two short unnamed streams from the northeast; length 
(approximate), 3^ miles; drainage area at mouth, 58 square miles. Sheets 6 and 7, 
Maine State map. 

Scott Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in T. 5, R. 15; flows northward to its junc- 
tion with Loon Stream (tributary to Caucomgomuc Lake, which has outlet to Chesun- 
cook Lake on West Branch of Penobscot River); in the upper part of its course it 
receives the flow of two unnamed streams from the east and west, respectively; length 
(approximate), 6 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Scraggly Lake, Penobscot County, T. 7, R. 8; outlet, through Sawtelle Brook 
to Seboeis River (tributary to East Branch of Penobscot River); length (approximate), 
1^ miles; maximum width, three-fourths mile; approximate area of water surface, 1.96 
square miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Scraggrook Brook, Aroostook County; rises in southern Amity Township; flows 
southward, then northwestward to Mattawamkeag River (tributary to Penobscot 
River); receives the flow of a number of short unnamed streams; length (approxi- 
mate), 9 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Sebec Lake, Piscataquis County, Willimantic, Bowerbank, Foxcroft, and Sebec 
townships; inlets, Wilson and Long Pond streams, besides about four short unnamed 
streams ranging in length from 2^ to 8 miles; outlet, Sebec River to Piscataquis River 
(tributary to Penobscot River); length (approximate), 11 miles; maximum width, 3 
miles; approximate area of water surface, 10.93 square miles; present storage, 8 feet; 
additional available storage, 9 feet; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2, 3, and 7. 
Maine State map. 

Sebec River, Piscataquis County; rises in Sebec Lake; flows eastward and south- 
eastward to Piscataquis River (tributary to Penobscot River); receives the flow of 
Salmon Brook, besides that of two unnamed streams from the north, each about 6 
miles long; length (approximate), 10 miles; drainage area at mouth, 393 square miles. 
Sheets 2, 3, and 7, Maine State map. 

Seboeis Lake, Penobscot County, T. 8, R. 7; inlets, Wadleigh and Boody brooks 
and overflow of Jones Pond, besides the flow of several unnamed streams; outlet, 
through the Grand Lakes and Seboeis River to East Branch of Penobscot River; length 
(approximate), 1 mile; maximum width, 1| miles; approximate area of water surface, 
2.30 square miles; present storage, 5 to 6 feet; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, 
Maine State map. 

Seboeis Lake, Piscataquis County, T. 4, Rs. 8 and 9; inlets, the overflow of Tutie 
Pond, besides that of two short unnamed streams from the north; outlet, Seboeis 
Stream and Endless Lake to Piscataquis River (tributary to Penobscot River); length 
(approximate), 6 miles; maximum width, 1^ miles; approximate area of water 



268 WATER RESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE 



surface, 6.40 square miles; present storage, 8 feet; additional available storage, 5 feet; 
drainage area at outlet, 49 square miles. Sheets 6 and 7, Maine State map. 

Seboeis River, Penobscot County; rises in Seboeis Lake in T. 8, R. 7; flows south- 
ward to its junction with East Branch of Penobscot River; principal tributaries, Saw- 
telle and Nutupsemic brooks and overflow of Grand Lakes and Shin ponds; length 
(approximate), 28 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Seboeis Stream, Piscataquis County; rises in Seboeis Lake, T. 4, Rs. 8 and 9; 
flows southeastward through Endless Lake into Piscataquis River (tributary to Pen- 
obscot River); tributaries. East Branch of Seboeis Stream and about four short un- 
named streams; length (approximate), 18 miles; drainage area at mouth, 150 square 
miles. Sheets 6 and 7, Maine State map. 

Seboomook Lake, Somerset County, Plymouth and Seboomook Townships; inlets, 
Logan Brook, Nulhedus Brook, Niger Stream, Elm Stream, and West Branch of Penob- 
scot River, which flows through it; length (approximate), 7 miles; maximum width, 
1^ miles; area of water surface, 8.52 square miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 
2, Maine State map. 

Second Grand Lake, Piscataquis County, T. 6, R. 9; inlets, Bailey, Webster, 
Boody, and Hay brooks and the overflow from Third, Frost, and Mud ponds, besides 
several small unnamed streams; outlet, through Grand Lake to East Branch of Penob- 
scot River; length (approximate), 4 miles; maximum width, about 1^ miles; approxi- 
mate area of water surface, including Grand Lake, 6.63 square miles; present storage, 
14 feet; additional available storage, 10 feet; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 
and 6, Maine State map. 

Second Houston Ponds, Piscataquis County, T. 7, R. 9 N. W. P.; inlets, short 
stream from west and one from north; outlet, by short stream into Big Houston Pond, 
thence through Houston Stream and Pleasant River to Piscataquis River (tributary 
to Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.28 square mile; drainage area not 
measured. 

Second Pistol Pond, Penobscot County, on boundary between Tps. 3 N. D. and 
4 N. D.; inlets, from Third Pistol and Side Pistol ponds; outlet, through Hot Pistol 
Pond to Passadumkeag River (tributary to Penobscot River); length (approximate), 

1 mile; maximum width, one-fourth mile; area of water surface, 0.42 square mile; 
drainage area not measured. Sheet 7, Maine State map. 

Second Pond, Hancock County, Dedham Township; inlet, from Mud Pond; out- 
let, to Phillips Lake (outlet to Long Pond, which has outlet through Moosehorn Creek 
to Dead River, a tributary of Orland River, which flows into Penobscot River); ele- 
vation, 375 feet; between the point of outlet of Second Pond and where it enters 
Phillips Lake, a distance of about 1 mile, there is a fall of approximately 152 feet; 
length, about one-half mile; maximum width, less than one-fourth mile; area of water 
surface, 0.08 square mile; drainage area not measured. Orland sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Second Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 7, R. 14; inlet, Ellis Stream, which flows 
through First and Second ponds to Chamberlain Lake (outlet through Round Pond 
and Telos Lake to Webster Brook, which flows through Grand Lake to East Branch of 
Penobscot River); length (approximate), three-fourths mile; maximum width, one- 
half mile; area of water surface, 0,32 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheets 

2 and 6, Maine State map. 

Sedgeunkedunk Stream, Penobscot County; rises in Fields Pond in eastern 
Orrington Township, at an elevation of 105 feet; flows northwestward, then south- 
westward, then again slightly northwestward to its junction with Penobscot River; 
tributaries, two short unnamed streams; length (approximate), 5 miles; total fall, 
100 feet; drainage area not measured. Bangor, Bucksport, and Orland sheets, U.S.G.S. 

Shad Pond, Penobscot County, Purchase 4 and T. A., R. 7, on West Branch Penob- 
scot; inlets, the natural outlet of Quakish Lake, Millinocket Stream, and overflow of 
Nollesemic Lake; outlet, West Branch of Penobscot River; length (approximate), less 



GAZETTEER OF RIVERS, LAKES, AND PONDS. 269 

than 3 miles; maximum width, less than one-half mile; approximate area of water 
surface, 0.36 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Shallow Lake, Piscataquis County, T. 7, R. 14; inlet, from Shirley Pond; outlet, 
to Daggett Pond (outlet to Caucogomuc Lake, which has outlet to Chesuncook Lake on 
West Branch Penobscot River); length (approximate), 1^ miles; maximum width, 
two-thirds mile; approximate area of water surface, 1.72 square miles; present stor- 
age, 6 feet; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Shin Ponds (three connected), Penobscot County, T. 6, R. 6, T. 5, R. 7, and Mount 
Chase; inlets, a number of small unnamed streams; outlet to Seboeis River (tributary 
to East Branch Penobscot River); length of largest pond (approximate). If miles; 
maximum width, 1 mile; area of water surface, 1.56 square miles; drainage area not 
measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Shirley Bog, Piscataquis County, Shirley; inlet, stream from the north; outlet, 
by Bog Stream into Bald Mountain Stream and North Branch Piscataquis River 
(tributary to Penobscot River); area of water surface, 2 square miles; drainage 
area not measured. 

Shirley Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 7, R. 14; outlet to Shallow Lake (outlet to 
Caucogomuc Lake, which has outlet to Chesuncook Lake on West Branch Penobscot 
River); length (approximate), 1 mile; maximum width, about one-half mile; approx- 
imate area of water surface, 0.52 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, 
Maine State map. 

Side Pistol Pond, Penobscot County, on boundary between Tps. 3 and 4 N. D.; 
outlet, through Second Pistol Pond to Hot Pistol Pond (outlet to Passadumkeag River, 
which flows into Penobscot River); length (approximate), five-eighths mile; maxi- 
mum width, one-half mile; area of water surface included in Second Pistol Pond; 
drainage area not measured. Sheet 7, Maine State map. 

Silver Lake, Hancock County, southern Bucksport Township; inlets, one small 
unnamed brook and Mill Stream, which flows through Silver Lake to Penobscot River; 
elevation, 114 feet; length, about three-fourths mile; maximum width, less than one- 
fourth mile; area of water surface, 0.08 square mile; drainage area not measured. 
Bucksport sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Silver Lake, Piscataquis County, T. 6, R. 9; inlets. White Brook from the north 
and West Branch of Pleasant River, which flows through the pond to Piscataquis River 
(tributary to Penobscot River); length (approximate), seven-eighths mile; maximum 
width, three-fourths mile; approximate area of water surface, 0.70 square mile; pres- 
ent storage, 6 feet; additional available storage, 8 feet; drainage area at outlet, 104 
square miles. Sheets 2, 3, 6, and 7, Maine State map. 

Sink Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 7, R. 11; outlet, to Third Lake, which has out- 
let to Grand Lakes on East Branch of Penobscot River; length (approximate), two- 
thirds mile; maximum width, about one-half mile; area of water surface, 0.10 square 
mile; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State map. 

Skiticook Lake, Aroostook County, on boundary between Oakfield Township and 
T. 4, R. 3; inlets, the overflow of Mud Pond and one short unnamed stream; outlet, to 
East Branch of Mattawamkeag River (tributary to Mattawamkeag River, which flows 
into Penobscot River); length (approximate), 1^ miles; maximum width, two-thirds 
mile; approximate area of water surface, 1.04 square miles; drainage area not meas- 
ured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Slaughter Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 3, R. 11; outlet, an unnamed stream about 
3 miles long to Sourdnahunk Stream (tributary to West Branch of Penobscot River); 
length (approximate), one-third mile; maximum width, about one-fourth mile; drain- 
age area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Sly Brook, Aroostook County; rises in Caribou Lake, in Island Falls Township; 
flows northwestward and northeastward to West Branch of Mattawamkeag (tributary to 



270 

Mattawamkeag River, which flows into Penobscot River); no tributaries; length, 
about 5 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Sly Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in a small unnamed pond in T. 7, R. 11; 
flows eastward to its entrance into Third Lake (outlet through Grand Lakes to East 
Branch of Penobscot River); length, about 2| miles; drainage area not measured. 
Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State map. 

Smith Brook, Aroostook County; rises in southern Glenwood Township; flows 
southeastward to Mattawamkeag River (tributary to Penobscot River); receives the 
flow of two short unnamed streams; length, about 9 miles; drainage area not measured. 
Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Smith Brook, Penobscot County; rises in an unnamed pond in Purchase 4 Town; 
flows northeastward to its junction with Millinocket Stream (tributary to Shad Pond 
on West Branch of Penobscot River); receives the flow of an unnamed stream from 
the south; length (approximate), 3^ miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine 
State map. 

Smith Brook, Somerset County; rises in T. 5, R. 16; flows eastward and northward 
to its junction with Whitney Brook in T. 6, R. 15, Piscataquis County (tributary to 
Loon Lake, which has outlet by way of Caucomgomuc Lake to Chesuncook Lake on 
West Branch of Penobscot River) ; receives the two unnamed streams and the over- 
flow of a small pond from the west; length (approximate), 6 miles; drainage area not 
measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Snake Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 7, R. 11; outlet, through Third Lake to Grand 
Lakes on East Branch of Penobscot River; length (approximate), 1 mile; maximum 
width, less than one-half mile; approximate area of water surface, 0.38 square mile; 
present storage, 7 feet; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State map. 

Snowshoe Lake, Penobscot County, T. 7, R. 7; inlets, from Grand and Seboeis 
lakes; outlet, through Whitehouse Lake and Seboeis River to East Branch of Penobscot 
River; length (approximate), 1^ miles; maximum width, 1 mile; approximate area 
of water surface, 1.1 square miles; present storage, 5 to 6 feet; drainage area not 
measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Snowshoe Pond, Penobscot County, Clifton; outlet, by short stream into Chemo 
Lake, Chemo Stream (tributary to Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.01 
square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Soldier Brook, Penobscot County; rises in T. 3, R. 8; flows southeastward through 
Burnt Land Pond to East Branch of Penobscot River; receives the flow of three small 
unnamed streams; length (approximate), 8 J miles; drainage area not measured. 
Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Soper Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in T. 5, R. 11; flows south westward and 
southward to its entrance into Harrington Lake (outlet to Ripogenus Lake on West 
Branch of Penobscot River) ; receives the flow of 10 or 11 unnamed streams in approxi- 
mately 7 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Souadabscook Stream, Penobscot County; rises in Etna Pond in Stetson, Etna, 
and Carmel townships; flows slightly southeastward through Carmel, Hermon, and 
Hampden townships to its junction with Penobscot River; passes through Hermon 
and Hammond ponds; tributaries, Kingsley, West Branch of Souadabscook, Wheeler, 
and several unnamed streams and stream from George Pond; length, about 18 miles; 
drainage area at mouth, 203 square miles. See Kenduskeag Stream. Sheets Nos. 3 
and 7, Maine State map. 

Soiirdnahunk Lake, Piscataquis County, T. 5, Rs. 10 and 11, and T. 4, R, 10; 
inlets, four small unnamed streams; outlet, Sourdnahunk Stream to West Branch 
of Penobscot River; length (approximate), 3 miles; maximum width, about three- 
fourths mile; approximate area of water surface, 3.84 square miles; available storage, 
4 feet; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 



GAZETTEEB OF EIVEKS, LAKES, AND PONDS. 271 

Soiirdnahunk Stream, Piscataquis County; rises in Sourdnahunk Lake in T. 4, 
R. 10; flows southeastward to its junction with West Branch of Penobscot River; re- 
ceives the flow of about nine unnamed streams and the overflow from Slaughter, 
Rocky, Kidney, and Pitch ponds from the west; length (approximate), 14 miles; 
drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

South Branch Lake, Penobscot County, on boundary between Tps. 2 and 3, R. 
8; inlets, two short unnamed streams on the north; outlet, through Mattamiscontis 
Stream to Penobscot River; length (approximate), 3 miles; maximum width, about 
1^ miles; area of water surface, 3.06 square miles; drainage area not measured. 
Sheets 6 and 7, Maine State map. 

South Branch of Penobscot River, Somerset County ; rises in Penobscot Lake 
in T. 4, R. 5, Dole, Hammond, and Prentiss townships; flows eastward for about 10 
miles to its junction with the North Branch, in Pittston Township, where it forms the 
West Branch of the Penobscot; principal tributaries. Bald, Alder, and Lane brooks; 
drainage area above junction with the North Branch, 186 square miles. Sheet 2, 
Maine State map. 

South Branch of Piscataquis River, Piscataquis County; rises in Kingsbury 
Pond, in southwestern Kingsbury Township; flows northeastward for about 9 miles, 
then turns and flows southeastward for 3 miles, then again northeastward to its 
junction with the Piscataquis River (tributary to the Penobscot); receives the flow 
of Thorn and Carle ton brooks and many short unnamed streams; length (approxi- 
mate), 15 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheets 3 and 7, Maine State map. 

Spaulding Lake, Aroostook County, northern Oakfield Township; inlet, a small 
unnamed stream on the north; outlet, to East Branch of Mattawamkeag River (tribu- 
tary to Mattawamkeag River, which flows into Penobscot River) ; length (approxi- 
mate), 1 mile; maximum width, one-third mile; approximate area of water surface, 
0.24 square miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Spectacle Pond, Piscataquis County, southwestern Blanchard Township; outlet, 
through Thorn Brook to South Branch of Piscataquis River (tributary to Piscataquis 
River, which flows into Penobscot River); length (approximate), three-fourths mile; 
maximum width, three-fourths mile; area of water surface, 0.22 square mile; drain- 
age area not measured. Sheets 3 and 7, Maine State map. 

Spectacle Pond, Piscataquis County, northwestern Monson Township; outlet, 
through Monson Pond to Davis Stream (tributary to Wilson Stream, which flows 
through Sebec Lake and Sebec River into the Piscataquis, which in turn flows into 
the Penobscot); length (approximate), 1^ miles; maximum width, a little less than 
one-half mile; area of water surface, 0.24 square mile; drainage area not measured. 
Sheets 3 and 7, Maine State map. 

Spencer Pond, Penobscot County, T. 3 N. D.; outlet, through Duck Stream to 
Nicatous Lake (outlet through Nicatous Stream to Passadumkeag River, which flows 
into Penobscot River); length (approximate), one-half mile; maximum width, about 
one-fourth mile; area of water surface, 0.06 square mile; drainage area not measured. 
Sheet 7, Maine State map. 

Spencer Pond, Somerset County, T. 4, R. 18 W. E. L. S.; inlets, two short 
streams from north; outlet, by stream about 4 miles long into North Branch of Penob- 
scot River (tributary to West Branch of Penobscot River); area of water surface, 
0.04 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Spring Pond, Penobscot County, T. 3 N. D. ; outlet, to Passadumkeag River (tribu- 
tary to Penobscot River); length (approximate), 1 mile; maximum width, one-third 
mile; approximate area of water surface, 0.62 square mile; drainage area not measured. 
Sheet 7, Maine State map. 

Spruce Pond, Somerset County, T. 2, R. 4 N. B. K. P.; inlet, short stream from 
north; outlet, by short stream into South Branch of Penobscot River (tributary to 



272 

West Branch of Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.03 square mile; drainage 
area not measured. 

Stillwater River. At Orson and Marsh islands, Penobscot County, the Penobscot 
flows in two channels, the channel to the east retaining the name of Penobscot River, 
that to the west being called Stillwater River; in the upper part of its course it receives 
the flow of Pushaw Stream; length (approximate), 7 miles; the total fall in this 
distance is about 25 feet; drainage area not measured. Orono sheet, U.S.G.S, 

Sucker Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 6, R. 9 N. W. P.; outlet, by Sucker Brook 
into Pleasant River and Piscataquis River (tributary to Penobscot River); area of 
water surface, 0.16 square mile; drainage area not measiu*ed. 

Sunkhaze Stream, Penobscot County; rises on boundary between Greenbush and 
Milford townships; flows southwestward and then northwestward to its junction with 
Penobscot River, in Milford Township; tributaries, North and South branches and 
several unnamed streams from 4 to 6 miles long: length (approximate), 8 miles; drain- 
age area not measured. Sheet 7, Maine State map. 

Sweets Pond, Penobscot County, south-central Orrington Township; inlets, three 
email unnamed streams; outlet, by Mill Stream to Penobscot River; elevation, 188 
feet; length (approximate), 1 mile; maximum width, less than one-third mile; area 
of water surface, 0.20 square mile; drainage area not measured. Bucksport sheet, 
U.S.G.S. 

Swift Brook, Penobscot County; rises in western Patten Township, flows south- 
ward to its junction with Mill Brook (tributary to East Branch of Penobscot River); 
tributaries, three small unnamed streams; length (approximate), 9 miles; drainage 
area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map, 

Taylor Brook, Penobscot County; rises in southern Lakeville Township; flows 
slightly southwestward to Passadumkeag River (tributary to Penobscot River); 
receives the flow of an unnamed stream from the north about 3 miles long; length 
(approximate), 3| miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 7, Maine State map. 

Tea Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 2, R. 9 W. E. L. S.; inlet, short stream from 
north; outlet, by short stream into Sandy Stream through Millinocket Lake and 
Millinocket Stream to West Branch of Penobscot River; area of water surface, 0.05 
square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Telos Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in T. 6, R. 12; flows southward, then north- 
eastward to Telos Lake (outlet through Webster Brook to Grand Lake, which flows 
through East Branch of Penobscot River) ; receives the flow of three short unnamed 
streams; length (approximate), 5 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, 
Maine State map. 

Telos canal; previous to 1845 a canal was cut from Telos Lake in the Allagash Basin 
to Webster Lake, and by means of a dam constructed between Chamberlain and Eagle 
lakes the water is rendered in part tributary to the Penobscot, its general effect is 
to supply water to the Penobscot during the log-driving season, but after the gates at 
the dams are opened more water flows toward the St. John, as the gate sills are about 
2 feet lower than those at Telos Lake. 

Telos Lake, Piscataquis County, T. 6, R. 11, and T. 5, R. 11; inlets, Telos Brook 
and overflow from Chamberlain Lake through Round Pond, besides a short unnamed 
stream from the southeast; outlet, through Telos Canal (see above) to Webster Brook 
(tributary through Grand Lakes to East Branch of Penobscot River) ; length (approxi- 
mate), 3 miles; maximum width, about seven-eighths mile; approximate area of 
water surface, including Round Pond, 3.85 square miles; present storage, 10 feet; 
additional available storage, 15 to 20 feet; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 
and 6, Maine State map. 

Tenmile Lake, Aroostook County, northern Leavitt Township; inlet, a small 
unnamed stream on the south; outlet, to Beaver Brook (tributary through East Branch 
of Mattawamkeag River to Mattawamkeag River, which flows into the Penobscot); 



GAZETTEER OF RIVERS, LAKES, AND PONDS. 273 

length (approximate), 1 mile; maximum width, about one-eighth mile; area of water 
surface, 0.16 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Third Lake, Piscataquis County, T. 7, R. 10; inlets, the overflow from Sink, 
Fourth, and Snake Ponds and Sly Brook; outlet, through Grand Lakes to East Branch 
of Penobscot River; length (approximate), If miles; maximum width, about 1 mile; 
area of water surface, 0.77 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, 
Maine State map. 

Third Pistol Pond, Penobscot County, T. 4 N. D.; inlet, a short unnamed stream 
from the northwest; outlet, through Second Pistol and Hot Pistol ponds to Passa- 
dumkeag River (tributary to Penobscot River); length (approximate), 1 mile; maxi- 
mum width, one-fourth mile; area of water surface, 0.20 square mile; drainage area 
not measured. Sheet 7, Maine State map. 

Thissell Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in an unnamed pond in T. 5, R. 11; 
flows northward to Webster Lake (outlet, Webster Brook through Grand Lakes to East 
Branch of Penobscot River) ; receives the flow of two short unnamed streams from the 
west; length (approximate), 5 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, 
Maine State map. 

Thissell Pond, Piscataquis Coimty, T. 5, R. 11 W. E. L. S.; outlet, Thissell 
Brook to Webster Lake, thence by Webster Brook (tributary to East Branch of Penob- 
scot River); area of water surface, 0.09 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Thistle Pond, Waldo County, southern Monroe Township; inlet, a small unnamed 
stream from the southwest; outlet, to North Branch of Marsh River (tributary to 
Marsh River, which flows into Penobscot River); length (approximate), one-fourth 
mile; maximum width, about one-fourth mile; drainage area not measured. Sheets 
Nos. 3 and 7, Maine State map. 

Thorn Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in Spectacle Pond, in southwestern Blan- 
chard Township; flows southeastward to South Branch of Piscataquis River (tributary 
to Piscataquis River, which flows into Penobscot River); receives the overflow of 
Spectacle, Foss, Whetstone, and Piper ponds and the flow of Bog Brook; length 
(approximate), 11 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheets 3 and 7, Maine State 
map. 

Toddy Pond, Hancock County; Orland, Surrey, Penobscot, and Bluehill town- 
ships; inlets, stream from Heart Pond and nine other unnamed streams; outlet, to 
Alamoosook Lake on Orland River (tributary to Penobscot River); elevation, 158 
feet; length (approximate), 8 miles; maximum width, one-half mile; area of water 
surface, 3.13 square miles; drainage area not measured. Orland and Bluehill sheets, 
U.S.G.S. 

Toddy Pond, Waldo County, northwestern Swansville Township; outlet, an un- 
named stream about 3 miles long entering North Branch of Marsh River (tributary to 
Marsh River, which flows into Penobscot River); length (approximate), three-fourths; 
mile; maximum width, about three-fourths mile; area of water surface, 0.25 square 
mile; drainage area not measured. Sheets Nos. 3 and 7, Maine State map. 

Toddy Pond Outlet, Hancock County; rises in Toddy Pond, in central Orland 
Township, at an elevation of about 160 feet; flows northwestward to Alamoosook Lake 
on Orland River (tributary to Penobscot River); receives the flow of an unnamed 
stream less than one-half mile long; length, about three-fourths mile; total fall, 140 
feet; drainage area not measured; Orland sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Togue Stream, Penobscot County; rises in an unnamed pond in T. 3, R. 9; flows 
southeastward to Sandy Stream (tributary to Millinocket Lake, which has outlet to 
Shad Pond on West Branch of Penobscot River) ; receives the flow of two unnamed 
streams from the north; length (approximate), 2 miles; drainage area not measured. 
Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

15042°— wsp 279— 12 18 



274 WATER KESOUECES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Tracy Pond, Penobscot County; one-fourth mile northeast of Hermon Pond, 
in southwestern Hermon Township; outlet, to Hermon Pond (outlet Souadabscook 
Stream to Penobscot River); length less than one-half mile; maximum width, about 
one-fourth mile; area of water surface, 0.06 square mile; drainage area not measured. 
Bangor and Bucksport sheets, U.S.G.S. 

Tracy Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 3, R. 10 W. E. L. S.; inlet, short stream 
from north; outlet, short stream into Elbow Pond, thence through Katahdin Pond 
and Katahdin Stream to West Branch of Penobscot River; area of water surface, 
0.01 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Trout Brook, Penobscot County, southeastern Burlington Township; flows south, 
eastward to Passadumkeag River (tributary to Penobscot River); no tributaries; 
length (approximate), S^ miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 7, Maine State 
map. 

Trout Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in western T. 5, R. 10; flows northeastward 
to Grand Lake on East Branch of Penobscot River; receives the overflow of Littlefield 
Pond and Wadleigh Brook, besides the flow of several small unnamed streams; length 
(approximate), 14 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State 
map. 

Trout Brook Ponds, Penobscot County, T. 5, R. 9; inlets, the overflow of two small 
unnamed ponds; outlet, through Trout Brook and Grand Lakes to East Branch of 
Penobscot River; length (approximate), 1| miles; maximum width, one-half mile; 
area of water surface, central pond, 0.11 square mile; north pond 0.48 square mile; 
south pond, 0.08 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Trout Pond, Aroostook Coimty, Moro Plantation; inlets, short stream on north 
and one on west; outlet, through small stream to West Branch of Mattawamkeag 
River (tributary to Mattawamkeag River, which flows into Penobscot River); area of 
water surface, 0.06 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Trout Pond, Penobscot County, T. 2 N. D.; outlet, by short stream through 
Saponic Pond into Passadumkeag River (tributary to Penobscot River); area of 
water surface, 0.04 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Trout Pond, Penobscot County, extreme southern Orrington Township; eleva- 
tion, 435 feet; outlet, through Browns, Mud, Brewer, and Fields ponds to Sedgeunke- 
dunk Stream (tributary to Penobscot River); length (approximate), one-fourth mile; 
maximum width, one-eighth mile; area of water surface, 0.03 square mile; between 
point of outlet and entrance to Browns Pond, a distance of about 1 mile, there is a 
fall of about 210 feet; drainage area not measured. Orland, Bucksport, and Bangor 
sheets, U.S.G.S. 

Trout Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 8, R. 10; outlet, through Hedgehog and Lrag 
ponds to Long Pond Stream (tributary through Onawa and Sebec lakes to Sebec 
River, which flows into Piscataquis River, a branch of the Penobscot); length (approx- 
imate), 1 mile; maximum width, one-half mile; area of water surface, 0.04 square 
mile; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2, 3, and 7, Maine State map. 

Trout Pond, Piscataquis County, T. A 2 Gore; inlet, an unnamed stream from the 
northeast; outlet, through Prong and Wilson ponds to Wilson Stream (tributary 
through Sebec Lake and Sebec Stream to the Piscataquis, which flows into Penobscot 
River); length (approximate), 1 mile; maximum width, three-fourths mile; area of 
water surface, 0.12 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2, 3, and 7, 
Maine State map. 

Truesdell Pond, Somerset County, T. 4, R. 18 W. E. L. S.; outlet, by short 
stream into North Branch of Penobscot River (tributary to West Branch of Penobscot 
River); area of water surface, 0.06 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Trueworthy Ponds, Hancock County, T. 3 N. D.; outlet, by short stream to 
Nicatous Stream and Passadumkeag River (tributary to Penobscot River); area of 
water surface, 0.07 square mile; drainage area not measm'ed. 



GAZETTEER OF RIVERS, LAKES, AND PONDS. 275 

Tumble Down Dick Stream, Piscataquis County; rises in T. 1, R. 11; flows 
northeastward to Nahmakanta Stream (tributary to Pemadumcook Lake on West 
Branch of Penobscot River); receives the flow of two unnamed streams; length, 
about 4^ miles; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State map. 

Turner Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in Big Pond in T. 4, R. 9; flows southeast- 
ward to Wassataquoik Stream (tributary to East Branch of Penobscot River); receives 
the flow of an unnamed stream from the west about 3 miles long; length (approximate), 
3^ miles; drainage area not measured- Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Turtle Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 4, R. 8; outlet, through Seboeis and Endless 
lakes and Seboeis Stream to Piscataquis River (tributary to Penobscot River); length 
(approximate), three-fourths mile; maximum width, one-half mile; area of water sur- 
face, 0.20 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheets 6 and 7, Maine State map. 

Twin Lakes, North and South, Penobscot County, Indian 3 Township; treated 
as one body of water, as the connecting channel is as wide as either of the lakes; 
inlets, from Pemadumcook Lake and several small unnamed streams; outlet, through 
Elbow and Quakish lakes and Shad Pond on West Branch of Penobscot River; length 
(approximate), 4 miles; width ranges from less than 1 mile to about 4 miles; approxi- 
mate area of water surface, including Pemadumcook and Ambejejus lakes, 24.9 square 
miles; present storage, 25 feet; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine 
State map. 

Twin Pond, Piscataquis Coimty, T. 2, R. 9 W. E, L. S.; outlet, by short stream 
into Millinocket Lake, thence into Millinocket Stream (tributary to West Branch of 
Penobscot River) ; area of water surface, 0.09 square mile; drainage area not measiu-ed. 

XJmbazooksus Lake, Piscataquis County, central T. 6, R. 13; inlets, overflow from 
Longley Pond on the west and an unnamed stream about 4 miles long from the 
northwest; outlet, XJmbazooksus Stream to Chesuncook Lake on West Branch of Penob- 
scot River; length (approximate), 3 miles; maximum width, about 1 mile; approxi- 
mate area of water surface, 1.45 square miles; present storage, 4 feet; drainage area 
not measured. See page 172 of this report. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Umbazooksus Stream, Piscataquis County; rises in XJmbazooksus Lake in 6, R. 
13; flows southward and south westward to Chesuncook Lake on West Branch of 
Penobscot River; receives the flow of Longley Brook from the west; length (approxi- 
mate), about 5 miles; after the first IJ miles of its course it suddenly broadens, and 
for the remainder of its course the width of its channel varies from one-half to 1 mile; 
drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Upper Ebeemee Lake, Piscataquis County, on boundary between T. B, R. 10, 
and T. 4, R. 9; inlet, East Branch of Pleasant River, which flows through the lake also 
to Piscataquis River (tributary to Penobscot River); length (approximate), 1^ miles; 
maximum width, one-third mile; approximate area of water surface, 0.36 square mile; 
drainage area not measiu-ed. See also Eheemee Lake. Sheets 2, 3," 6, and 7, Maine 
State map. 

Upper Grapevine Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 7, R. 8 N. W. P.; inlet, short 
stream from north; outlet, through Grapevine Pond by small stream to Sebec Lake 
and Sebec River (tributary to Piscataquis River, which flows into Penobscot River); 
area of water surface, 0.13 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Upper Greenwood Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 8, R. 9 N. W. P.; outlet, 
short stream through Greenwood Pond, Onawa Lake, Onawa Stream, Sebec Lake 
to Sebec River (tributary to Piscataquis River, which flows into Penobscot River); 
area of water sin-face, 0.14 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Upper Hastings Brook, rises on the Penobscot-Aroostook County line between 
T. 7, R. 6, and T. 7, R. 5; flows southeastward to West Branch of Mattawamkeag River 
(tributary to Mattawamkeag River, which flows into Penobscot River); tributaries, 
three short unnamed streams; length (approximate), 6 miles; drainage area not meas- 
ured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 



276 

Upper Joe Mary Lake, Piscataquis County, T. A, R. 10, and Penobscot County, 
Long A Township; inlet, Joe Mary Brook from the southwest; outlet, through Middle 
and Lower Joe Mary lakes to Pemadumcook Lake on West Branch of Penobscot River; 
length (approximate), 3 miles; maximum width, 1 .mile; approximate area of water 
surface, 2.98 square miles; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State 
map. 

Upper Pond, Penobscot County, southern Lincoln Township; outlet, through 
Folson Pond to Mattanacook Pond (outlet, Mattanacook Stream to Penobscot River); 
length (approximate), 1 mile; maximum width, about 1 mile; approximate area of 
water surface, 0.79 square mile; controlled by a dam; drainage area not measured. 
Sheets 6 and 7, Maine State map. 

Upper Wilson Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 8, R. 10 N. W. P. and Greenwood; 
inlets, two short streams from east. Horseshoe Stream from east, and outlet of Mountain 
Pond from north; outlet, by short stream to Wilson Pond, Wilson Stream, Sebec 
Lake to Sebec River (tributary to Piscataquis River, which flows into Penobscot 
River); area of water surface, 0.60 square mile; drainage area not measm-ed. 

Wadleigh Brook, Penobscot County, T. 8, R. 6; flows in a rather circuitous course 
south westward through Grand Lakes to Seboeis River (tributary to East Branch of 
Penobscot River) ; receives the flow of several small unnamed streams ; length (approxi- 
mate), 4| miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Wadleigh Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in a small unnamed pond in T. 6, R. 
10; flows eastward to Trout Brook (tributary through Grand Lake to East Branch of 
Penobscot River); receives the flow of a small unnamed stream from the north; length 
(approximate), about 5J miles; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine 
State map. 

Wadleigh Pond, Penobscot County, T. 4, Indian Purchase, W. E. L. S.; outlet, 
by short stream into North Twin Lake, West Branch of Penobscot River; area of water 
sm-face, 0.08 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Wadleigh Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 1, R. 11; inlet, overflow of Penobscot 
and Long ponds; outlet, through Rainbow Pond to Nahmakanta Lake (outlet to Pema- 
dumcook Lake on West Branch of Penobscot River); length (approximate), 2J miles; 
maximum width, three-fourths mile; area of water surface, 0.42 square mile; drainage 
area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State map. 

Wadleigh Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 8, R. 15; inlet, a small unnamed stream 
from the west; outlet, Wadleigh Stream to Poland Pond (outlet to Caucomgomuc Lake, 
which discharges to Chesuncook Lake on West Branch of Penobscot River) ; length 
(approximate), three-fourths mile; maximum width, one-third mile; area of water 
surface, 0.16 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Wadleigh Stream, Piscataquis County; rises in Wadleigh Pond in T. 8, R. 15; 
flows eastward and southeastward to an unnamed pond, which flows into Poland 
Pond inT. 7, R. 14 (outlet to Caucomgomuc Lake and thence to Chesuncook Lake on 
West Branch of Penobscot River); length (approximate), 6 miles; drainage area not 
measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Ware Pond, Penobscot County, southeastern Lee Township; inlets, two small 
unnamed streams on the north; outlet, through Passadumkeag River to Penobscot 
River; length (approximate), 1 mile; maximum width, three-fourths mile; approxi- 
mate area of water surface, 0.8 square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheets 6 
and 7, Maine State map. 

Wassataquoik Stream, Piscataquis County; rises in T. 3, R. 10; flows northeast- 
ward, thence southeastward to East Branch of Penobscot River; receives Turner 
Brook and Katahdin Stream and several unnamed streams; length (approximate), 26 
miles; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State map. 

Webster Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in Webster Lake in T. 6, R. 10; flows 
northeastward through Grand Lake to East Branch of Penobscot River; receives three 



GAZETTEEE OF EIVERS, LAKES, AND PONDS. 277 

unnamed streams from the northwest and the overflow of a small pond to the south; 
length (approximate), 8 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine 
State map. 

Webster Lake, Piscataquis County, T. 6, Rs. 10 and 11; inlets, the overflow of 
Coffalos Lake and Thissell Brook; outlet, Webster Brook through Grand Lake to East 
Branch of Penobscot River; length (approximate), 4 miles; maximum width, about 
one-half mile; approximate area of water surface, 1 square mile; present storage, 8 
feet; additional available storage, 10 feet; drainage area not measured. (See Telos 
canal). Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State map. 

West Branch of Mattawamkeag River, Aroostook County; rises in Rockabema 
Lake, in Moro Township; flows southeastward through Mattawamkeag Lake to its 
junction with the East Branch, in Haynesville Township, to form the Mattawamkeag 
(tributary to Penobscot River, in Mattawamkeag Township, Washington County); 
tributaries. Upper and Lower Hastings brooks, Fish Stream, Dyer, Sly, and Babcock 
brooks, and the overflow of Mattawamkeag Lake; length (approximate), 33 miles; 
drainage area above junction with East Branch of Mattawamkeag River, 352 square 
miles. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

West Branch of Penobscot; see Penobscot River. 

West Branch of Pleasant River, Piscataquis County; rises in West Branch Ponds 
in T. A, R. 12; flows westward for about 4 miles, then turns and flows generally south- 
eastward to its junction with East Branch of Pleasant River in T. 5, R, 8, to form 
Pleasant River (tributary to Piscataquis River, which flows into Penobscot River); 
receives the overflow of Big Lyford Pond, the flow of Hay Brook, White Brook (T. 7, 
R. 10), White Brook (T. B, R. 11), the overflow of Silver Lake and Houston Brook; 
length (approximate), 30 miles; drainage area at outlet of Silver Lake, 104 square 
miles. Sheets 2, 3, 6, and 7, Maine State map. 

West Branch Ponds (2), Piscataquis County, T, A, R. 12; inlet of westernmost 
pond, an unnamed stream from the south and overflow of West Branch Ponds to the 
east; outlet, West Branch of Pleasant River to Pleasant River (tributary to Piscataquis 
River, which flows into Penobscot River); length (approximate), of westernmost 
pond, seven-eighths mile; maximum width, one-half mile; area of water surface, 
0.78-square mile; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2, 3, 6, and 7, Maine State map, 

West Branch of Souadabscook Stream, Penobscot County; rises in southwestern 
llewburg Township; flows northeastward to Hammond Pond, where it unites with 
the Souadabscook (tributary to Penobscot River); receives the flow of two unnamed 
streams from the south; length, about 2| miles; drainage area not measured. Sheets 
Nos. 3 and 7, Maine State map. 

West Chair Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 7, R. 9 N. W. P.; outlet, by short 
stream into Long Pond, thence by Long Pond Stream through Onawa Lake, Onawa 
Stream, Sebec Lake into Sebec River (tributary to Piscataquis River, which flows 
into Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.10 square mile; drainage area not 
measured. 

West Lake, Hancock County, Tps. 3 N. D. and 40 M. D; outlet, through Nicatous 
Lake to Nicatous Stream (tributary to Passadumkeag River, which flows to Penobscot 
River; length (approximate), 2 miles; maximum width. If miles; area of water sur- 
face included in Nicatous Lake; present storage, 7 feet; drainage area not measured. 
Sheet 7, Maine State map. 

Wheeler Stream, Penobscot County; rises in extreme northeastern Hermon Town- 
ship, at an elevation of 240 feet; flows southwesterly through George Pond into Soua- 
dabscook Stream (tributary to Penobscot River); receives the flow of two unnamed 
streams in the upper part of its course; length (approximate), 7 miles; total fall, 115 
feet; drainage area not measured. Bangor and Bucksport sheets, U.S.G.S. 

Whetstone Pond, Piscataquis County, extreme southeastern Blanchard Town- 
ship; outlet, through Thorn Brook to South Branch of Piscataquis River (tributary to 



278 WATER EESOURCES OF PENOBSCOT BASIN, MAINE. 

Piscataquis River, which flows into Penobscot River); length (approximate), 1 mile; 
maximum width, one-third mile; area of water surface, 0.14 square mile; drainage 
area not measured. Sheets 3 and 7, Maine State map. 

White Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in T. B, R. 11; flows generally southwest- 
ward to Silver Lake, thence to West Branch of Pleasant River (tributary to Pleasant 
River, which flows to the Piscataquis, which in turn is tributary to the Penobscot); 
receives the flow of five short unnamed streams; length (approximate), 5 miles; 
drainage area not measured. Sheets 2, 3, 6, and 7, Maine State map. 

White Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in T. 7, R. 10; flows slightly southeast- 
ward to West Branch of Pleasant River (tributary to Pleasant River, which flows to 
Piscataquis River, a branch of Penobscot River); receives the overflow from Green 
Pond from the northeast; length (approximate), 6^ miles; drainage area not measured. 
Sheets 2, 3, 6, and 7, Maine State map. 

Whitehouse Lake, Penobscot County, T. 7, R. 7; inlet, the overflow of Snow- 
shoe, Grand, and Seboeis lakes; outlet, through Seboeis River to East Branch of 
Penobscot River; length (approximate), IJ miles; maximum width, eeven-eighths 
mile; approximate area of water surface, 0.84 square mile; present storage, 5 to 6 
feet; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map.- 

Whitney Brook, Piscataquis County; rises in T. 5, R. 15; flows in a rather circuit- 
ous course northward and eastward to Loon Lake (outlet to Caucomgomuc Lake, which 
has outlet to Chesuncook Lake on West Branch of Penobscot River); receives the 
flow of Smith Brook and two unnamed streams; length (approximate), about 7 miles; 
drainage area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Wilder Pond, Piscataquis County, Tps. 7 and 8, R. 9; outlet, Long Pond Stream 
through Onawa Lake, Onawa Stream, Sebec Lake, and Sebec River to Piscataquis 
River (tributary to Penobscot River); area of water surface, 0.02 square mile; drainage 
area not measured. 

Williams Pond, Hancock County, northern Bucksport Township near the Penob- 
scot-Hancock county line; inlet, a small stream about IJ miles long from the north- 
west; outlet, an unnamed stream flowing southeastward to the outlet of Jacob Buck 
Pond to form an unnamed tributary of Orland River (tributary to Penobscot River); 
elevation, 263 feet; between point of outlet and its junction with the outlet of Jacob 
Buck Pond, a distance of about 4J miles, there is a fall of approximately 223 feet; 
length, about three-fourths mile; maximum width, one-fourth mile; area of water 
surface, 0.T9 square mile; drainage area not measured. Bucksport sheet, U.S.G.S. 

Williams Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 4, R. 11 W. E, L. S.; outlet, by short 
stream into Sourdnahunk Stream (tributary to West Branch of Penobscot River); 
area of water surface, 0.04 square mile; drainage area not measured. 

Wilson Pond; Piscataquis County, eastern Greenville Township; inlets, the over- 
flow of Prong and Rum ponds and a short unnamed stream from the west; outlet, 
Wilson Stream (outlet through Sebec Lake to Sebec River, which flows into Piscata- 
quis River, a tributary of the Penobscot); length (approximate), 2^ miles; maximum 
width, 1^ miles; approximate area of water surface, 1.52 square miles; present storage, 
7 feet; several feet more storage available; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2, 3, 
and 7, Maine State map. 

Wilson Stream, Piscataquis County; rises in Wilson Pond, in northeastern Green- 
ville Township; flows southeastward to Sebec Lake (outlet Sebec River to Piscata- 
quis River, which flows into Penobscot River) ; receives the flow of Little Wilson and 
Davis Streams and the overflow of Grindstone Pond, besides about four short unnamed 
streams; length (approximate), 20 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheets 2, 3, 
and 7, Maine State map. 

Windy Pitch Pond, Piscataquis County, T. 3, R. 10; outlet to Sourdnahunk Stream 
(tributary to West Branch of Penobscot River); length (approximate), one-third mile; 



GAZETTEER OP RIVEKS, LAKES, AND PONDS. 279 

maximum width, one-fourth mile; area of water surface, 0.01 square mile; drainage 
area not measured. Sheet 2, Maine State map. 

Wyman Brook, Aroostook County; rises in T. 1, R. 5; flows southward to Matta- 
seunk Lake (outlet, Mattaseunk Stream to Penobscot River;) receives the flow of 
about seven short unnamed streams; length (approximate), 5 J miles; drainage area 
not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Wytopitlock Lake, Aroostook County, on boundary between T. 2, R. 4, and Glen- 
wood Township; inlets, two unnamed streams from the north and east, respectively; 
outlet, through Wytopitlock Stream to Mattawamkeag River (tributary to Penobscot 
River;) length (approximate), 2^ miles; maximum width, 1 mile; approximate area 
of water surface, 1.63 square miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine 
State map. 

Wytopitlock Stream, Aroostook County; rises in Wytopitlock Lake, in Glenwood 
Township; flows southeastward to Mattawamkeag River (tributary to Penobscot 
River); about 2 miles from its source it receives the flow of Brayley Brook; length 
(approximate), 14 miles; drainage area not measured. Sheet 6, Maine State map. 

Yoke Pond, Piscataquis County, T. A, R. 11; inlet, overflow of a small unnamed 
pond to the northwest; outlet, to Crawford Pond (outlet by Cooper and Pratt brooks to 
Middle and Lower Joe Mary lakes, which have outlet to Pemadumcook Lake on West 
Branch Penobscot River); length (approximate), three-fourths mile; maximum width, 
about one-half mile; area of water surface, 0.38 square mile; drainage area not meas- 
ured. Sheets 2 and 6, Maine State map. 



INDEX. 



A. 

Page. 

Abbot Village, water power at 144 

Accuracy of field measurements 30 

AUagash Lake, storage capacity and possi- 
bilities of 177-178 

water available from storage in 204 

AUagash Stream, drainage area of 10 

Ambejejus Lake, undeveloped power of West 

Branch of Penobscot above 148-152 

Androscoggin River at Lewiston, evapora- 
tion of 120-122, 124-127, 129 

B. 

Bangor, floods at 12&-132 

Xenduskeag Stream near: 

description 96 

discharge 96 

discharge, daily 98-99 

discharge, monthly 99 

gage heights 97 

low-water flow 138 

rating table. 98 

municipal water power at 140 

Penobscot River at, comparative flood 

flowof 134 

in flood, gage heights of 130 

■ maximum discharge of 131 

rating table for dam at 130 

Bar Harbor, precipitation at, tables showing. 20, 26 

Basin Mills, water power at 141 

Baskahegan Lake, storage capacity and possi- 

biUties of . . . , 178-179 

water available from storage in 205 

Baskahegan Stream, drainage area of 10 

Bastin, E. S., on geology 11-12 

Belfast, precipitation at, tables showing 20, 26 

Black Stream, drainage area of 10 

Boston, Mass., evaporation at, data regard- 
ing 128-129 

Brownville, water power at 145 

C. 

Carmel, precipitation at, tables showing 20, 26 

Caucomgomoc Lake, storage capacity and 

possibilities of . . . . — • 171-172 

water available from storage in 2a3 

Caucomgomuc Stream, drainage area of 10 

Chamberlain Lake, drainage area of 10 

storage capacity and possibilities of — 176-177 

water available from storage in 204 

Chesuncook, precipitation at, tables showing. 21, 26 
Chesuncook dam, precipitation at, tables 

showing 21, 26 

Chesuncook Lake, drainage area of 10 

storage capacity and possibilities of 170-171 

water available from storage in 202 



Cold Stream at — 

Enfield: Page. 

description 91 

discharge 92 

discharge, daily 94-95 

discharge, monthly 95 

gage heights 92-93 

low-water flow 138 

rating table 93 

Cold Stream Pond, storage possibilities of 188 

Cost of log driving, figures regarding 213-219 

Costigan, 

Penobscot River near: 

description 55 

discharge, daily 55 

discharge, monthly. 56 

D. 

Danforth, rainfall at 21, 26, 133 

Data, use of 31 

Debsconeag, rainfall at 21, 26, 133 

Discharge, definition of 32 

office methods of computing 29-30 

Drainage, general features of 8-11 

Dover, water power at 144 

E. 
East Branch of Penobscot River. See Penob- 
scot River, East Branch of. 

East Dover, water power at 143 

East Holden, 

Phillips Lake outlet at: 

description 99-100 

discharge 100 

discharge, daily •. . 106-108 

gage heights 101-105 

rating table 105 

East Branch Stream, elevations along 157 

undeveloped power of 156-157 

Ebeemee Lake. See Lower Ebeemee Lake. 
Emersons Mills, 

Souadabscook River at: 

discharge 110 

Endless Lake, drainage area of 10 

storage capacity and possibilities of 184-185 

water available from 'Jtorage in 207 

Enfield, 

Cold Stream at: 

description 91 

discharge 92 

discharge, daily 94-95 

discharge, monthly 95 

gage heights 92-93 

low- water flow 138 

rating table 93 

Enfield, water power at 142 

Evaporation, comparison of records of, by 

months... 127,129 

monthly and average, at Maine stations, 

diagram showing 128 

281 



282 



INDEX. 



Page. 

Evaporation, statistics regarding 113-129 

summary of data regarding, by months . 126-127 

by weeks 124-126 

Evaporation stations, list of 114 



Fairfield, precipitation at, tables showing 22,26 

Fall, available for water power development, 

data regarding 145-146 

Farming, development of 14 

Ferguson Lake, at Millinocket, evaporation 

of 118-119, 124-127, 129 

Field measurements, accuracy of 30 

Field methods of measuring stream flow, de- 
scription of 27-29 

Floods, on Penobscot River, data regarding 129-136 

Forests, character and extent of 13 

need of conserving 211 

Foxcroft, 

Piscataquis River at or near: 

comparative flood flow 133 

description 80-81 

discharge , 81 

discharge, daily 86-89 

discharge, during flood 136 

figure showing 135 

discharge, monthly 89-91 

gage heights 81-85 

low- water flow 137, 138 

maximum discharge 131 

rating table 85 

water powers at and near 144 

G. 

Gaging stations, location of 33 

Geology, general features of 11-12 

Grand Lake, storage capacity and possibilities 

of 173-174 

water available from storage in 203 

Great Works, water power at 141 

Greenville, rainfall at .' 22, 26, 133 

Grindstone, 

Penobscot River, East Branch of, at: 

comparative flood flow 133 

description 56-57 

discharge 57 

discharge, daily , 63-66 

discharge, during flood 136 

figure showing 135 

discharge, monthly 67-68 

gage heights 57-62 

low-water flow 137,138 

maximum discharge 131 

rating table 62 

Guilford, water power at 144 

H. 

Hamlin, G . H . , measurements by 110 

Hampden, 

Soudabascook River at: 

discharge 110 

Holden, Phillips Lake at, low-water discharge 

of 137 

Houlton, rainfall at 23,26, 133 

Houston Pond, drainage area of 10 

storage capacity and possibilities of 187 

Howland, water power at 143 



I. 



Page. 
14 



Ice cutting, development of. 

Improvements, to facilitate log driving, cost 

of 220 

Industries, character and development of 13-14 



K. 



10 



96 



Kenduskeag Stream, drainage area of 

Kenduskeag Stream, near — 
Bangor: 

description 

discharge 

discharge, daily 

discharge, monthly 99 

gage height s 97 

rating table 98 

low-water flow 138 

Kineo, precipitation at, tables showing 23, 26 



Lake areas, total extent of 190 

Lake House — 

Phillips Lake outlet at: 

description 99-100 

discharge 101 

rating table 106 

Lewiston, Androscoggin River at, evapora- 
tion of 120-122, 124-127, 129 

Log driving, data regarding 211-220 

figures regarding cost of 213-219 

improvement in facilities for 219-220 

cost of 220 

lessened amount of water used for 209 

methods of 211-212 

quantity of logs in and cost of 213-219 

time of : 212-213 

water used in 213 

Logs, quantity driven 213-219 

Lower Ebeemee Lake, drainage area of 10 

storage possibilities of 185 

Low water, eflect of and data regarding — 136-139 

Lumbering, data regarding 211-220 

development of 13-14 



Mass curve, for West Branch of Penobscot 
River at Millinocket, computa- 
tion of and application of 194-199 

Mattawamkeag— 

Mattawamkeag River at: 

comparative flood fiow 133 

description 68-69 

discharge 69 

discharge, daily 75-78 

discharge,- during flood 136 

figure showing 135 

discharge, monthly 79-80 

gage heights 69-74 

low-water flow 137,138 

maximum discharge 131 

rating table 74 

Mattawamkeag Lake, storage capacity and 

possibilities of 179-180 

water available from storage in 205 

Mattawamkeag River at— 
Mattawamkeag: 

comparative flood flow 133 

description 



INDEX. 



283 



Page. 
Mattawamkeag River at— 
Mattawamkeag — Continued . 

discharge 69 

discharge, daily 75-78 

discharge, during flood 136 

figure showing 135 

discharge, monthly 79-80 

gage heights 69-74 

low-water flow 137, 138 

maximum discharge 131 

rating table 74 

Mattawamkeag River, cost of log driving 

on 214,217,219 

drainage area of 10 

East Branch of, drainage area of 10 

elevations along 161 

storage possibilities of 178-181 

undeveloped power of 158-161 

water available from storage in basin of. 205-206 

West Branch of, drainage area of 10 

Mayfield, precipitation at, tables showing 24,26 

Millinocket, Ferguson Lake at, evaporation 

of 118-119, 124-127, 129 

Penobscot River, West Branch, at: 

comparative flood flow 133 

description 33-35 

discharge, daily 35-39 

discharge, during flood 136 

figure showing 135 

discharge, monthly 39-41 

effect of storage on flow 191-194 

low water flow 136, 139 

mass curve 194-199 

application of 199 

mass diagram 198 

maximum discharge ^ 131 

mean ratio of run-off to precipitation, 1 13 

rainfall at 24,26, 133 

run-off and precipitation in Penobscot 
River basin above, tables show- 
ing 111-112 

water powers at- 142 

Milo, water power at 145 

Molunkus Stream, drainage area of 10 

Mooselookmeguntic Lake, evaporation of 123- 

124, 124-127, 129 
Mud Pond, storage capacity of 176-177 



Navigation, effect of storage on 210 

Nicatous Lake, storage possibilities of 188 

Northwest Pond, storage capacity and pos- 
sibilities of 183-184 

water available from storage in 206 



Office methods of computing and studying 

discharge, account of 29-30 

Old town, water power at 141-142 

Orono, mean annual precipitation and mass 

curves, figure showing 19 

precipitation at 25, 26, 133 

figure showing 18 

water powers at 140, 141 

P. 

Paper making, development of 13-14 

Passadumkeag Stream, drainage area of 10 

log driving on, cost of. 214,217,219 

undeveloped power of 165-166 



Page. 

Patten, rainfall at 25, 26, 133 

Penobscot River and tributaries, run-off of, 
in storm of September, 1909, dia- 
gram showing 135 

Penobscot River at— 

Bangor, maximum discharge of 131 

Bangor dam, comparative flood flow of. . 134 
Svmkhaze Rips: 

description 55 

discharge, daily 55 

discharge, monthly 56 

West Enfield: 

comparative flood flow 133 

description 42 

discharge 42 

discharge, daffy 48-52 

discharge, during flood 136 

figure showing 135 

discharge, monthly 53-54 

gage heights 43-47 

low-water flow 137, 138 

maximum discharge 131 

rating table 48 

Penobscot River, cost of log driving on and 

of improvements on 214-220 

drainage area of 10 

East Branch of, 
at Grindstone: 

comparative flood flow 133 

description 56-57 

discharge 57 

discharge, daily 63-66 

discharge, during flood 136 

figure showing 135 

discharge, monthly 67-68 

gage heights 57-62 

low-water flow 137,138 

maximum discharge 131 

rating table 62 

cost of improvements for log driving 

on 220 

cost of log driving on 214, 215-216 

drainage area of 10 

elevations along 153 

possibilities of storage on 172-178 

undeveloped power of 152-156 

water available from storage in basin 

of 203-204 

elevations along 147 

floods on, data regarding 129-136 

North Branch of, drainage area of 10 

run-off and precipitation in basin of, 
above MiUinocket, tables show- 
ing 111-112 

South Branch of, drainage area of 10 

tributaries of, exclusive of West Branch, 

water available on 200-202 

undeveloped power of 146-148 

water powers along 140-143 

water powers of tributaries of 143-145 

West Branch of, above Ambejejus Lake, 

undeveloped power of 148-152 

at Millinocket: 

comparative flood flow 133 

description 33-35 

discharge, daily 35-39 

discharge, during flood 136 

diagram showing 135 

discharge, monthly 39-41 



284 



INDEX. 



Penobscot River — 

West Branch of, Page. 

at Millinocket— Continued. 

low-water flow 136, 139 

maximum discharge 131 

cost of improvements for log driving 

on 220 

cost of log driving on 214, 218 

drainage area of 10 

effect of storage on flow of 191-194 

elevations along 149 

mean ratios of run-off to precipitation 

on, table showing 113 

possibilities of storage on 166-172 

water available from storage in basin 

of 202-203 

water available on 194-199 

Penobscot River basin, miscellaneous meas- 

lu-ements in 110 

streams of, comparative flood flow of 133 

maximum discharge of 131 

Phillips Lake and outlets in— 
Holden and Dedham: 

description 99-100 

discharge 100-101 

discharge, daily. 106-108 

discharge, monthly 108-109 

gage heights 101-105 

rating tables 105, 106 

Phillips Lake at Holden, low water discharge 

of 137 

storage possibilities of 189 

Pleasant Lake, storage capacity and possi- 
bilities of 180-181 

water available from storage in 205 

Pleasant River, drainage area of 10 

elevations along 165 

imdeveloped power of 164-165 

water power on 145 

Piscataquis River at or near— 
Foxcroft: 

comparative flood flow 133 

description 80-81 

discharge 81 

discharge, daily 86-89 

discharge, during flood 136 

figure showing 135 

discharge, monthly 89-91 

gage heights 81-85 

low water flow 137, 138 

maximum discharge 131 

rating table 85 

Piscataquis River, drainage area of 10 

elevations along 163 

storage possibilities of 181-187 

undeveloped power of 161-163 

water available from storage in basia of. 205-206 

water powers on 143-144 

Population, statistics regarding 13 

Precipitation, amoimt of, tables and figures 

showing 16 

average for period 1869-1910, table show- 
ing 26 

correction of figures for 16-17 

relation of run-off to 110-113 

Pulp making, development of 13-14 



Page. 

Pushaw Lake, storage possibilities of 188-189 

Pushaw Stream, drainage area of 10 

Q. 
Quakish Lake, water power at outlet of 143 

R. 

Railroads, character and number of 1^15 

Ripogenus Lake, storage possibilities of 169-170 

water available from storage in 202 

Roimd Pond, storage capacity and possibil- 
ities of 175 

water available from storage in 204 

Run-off, definition of 32 

relation of, to precipitation 110-113 

Run-off in inches, definition of 33 

S. 

Schoodic Lake, drainage area of 10 

storage capacity and possibilities of 181-182 

water available from storage in 206 

Schoodic Stream, drainage area of 10 

water power at mouth of 143 

Scope of the report 7 

Sebec Lake, storage capacity and possibilities 

of 186 

water available from storage in 207 

water power at outlet of 145 

Sebec River, drainage area of 10 

elevations along 164 

imdeveloped power of 163-164 

water powers on 145 

Seboeis Lake, drainage area of 10 

storage capacity and possibilities of 183-184 

water available from storage in 206 

Seboeis Stream, drainage area of 10 

Second-feet per square mile, definition of 32 

Second-foot, definition of 32 

Second Grand Lake- 
water available from storage in 203 

storage capacity and possibilities of 173-174 

September 26-29, 1909, storm of, data regard- 
ing ". 132-136 

Silver Lake, storage capacity and possibilities 

of 187 

Soldier Pond at Soldier Pond, evaporation of. 115- 
117, 124-127, 129 

Souadabscook Stream, drainage area of 10 

at Hampden: 

discharge 110 

South Lagrange, precipitation at, tables show- 
ing 26 

Stations, locations of 33 

Stillwater, water power at 141 

Storage, effect of, on flow 191-211 

facilities for and possibilities of 166-190 

present data regarding 191-194 

summary of data regarding 189-190 

summary of effect of, on flow 207-211 

water available from 202-207 

Stream flow, data on 27-110 

field methods of measuring 27-29 

Sunkhaze Rips, 

Penobscot River at: 

description 55 

discharge, daily 55 

discharge, monthly 66 



INDEX. 



285 



T. 

Page. 

Tables, explanation of 31-32 

Telos Lake, storage capacity and possibilities 

of 175 

Telos Lake, water available from storage in. . 204 

Terms, definitions of 32-33 

The Forks, rainfall at 26, 133 

Topographic maps of Penobscot basin, list of. 7-8 

Topography, general features of 8-9 

Transportation lines, character and munber 

of 14-15 

Twin Lake system, storage capacity and pos- 
sibilities of 167-169 

water available from storage in 202 



U. 



Umbazooksus Lake, storage possibilities of. . 172 

Umbazooksus Stream, drainage area of 10 

Upper Abbot, water power at 144 

V. 

Veazie, water power at 140 



W. 

Page. 

Water, use of, in log driving 213 

Water power, data regarding , . . 140-166 

developed, detailed statement of 140-145 

summary of 145 

undeveloped, statement regarding 145-166 

Water storage, facilities for 166-190 

Weather Bureau stations, list of 16 

Webster Brook, elevations along 157 

undeveloped power of 156-157 

Webster Lake, storage capacity and possi- 
bilities of 174-175 

West Enfield, 

Penobscot River at: 

comparative flood flow 133 

description 42 

discharge 42 

discharge, daily .48-52 

discharge, during flood 136 

diagram showing 135 

discharge, monthly 53-54 

effect of storage on flow 191-194 

gage heights 43-47 

low-water flow 137, 138 

maximum discharge 131 

rating table 48 



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PLAN AND F 'RC)FI'-E 

PENOBSCOT Rl\ 'EB, MAINE 

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PUN AND PROFILE 

PENOBSCOT RIVER, MAINE 

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PLAN AND PROFILE 

EAST BRANCH PENOBSCOT RIVER, MAINE 

FIRST GRAND LAKE TO MEDWAY 




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PLAN AND PR(?FILE 

MATTAWAMKEAG RIVER, MAINE 

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MATTAWAMKEAG RIVER, MAINE 

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DRAINAGE BASIN^ 

VIKEAG, AND PLEASANT 



PAPER 279 PLATE XIX 



MATTAWAMKEAG AND PISCATAQUIS DRAINAGE BASINS, MAINE 

SCHOODIC, SEBOEIS, ENDLESS, MATTAWAMKEAG, AND PLEASANT LAKES 



BROWNwa|-|-#iv^ 




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NEAR ISLAND FALLS 



/ MATTAWAMKEAG LAKE 
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